INSULATION JUST GOT BETTER
ArmaGel DT Know-How
Key Installation Points - Piping
www.armacell.com/armaflex
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ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
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ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Contents
CONTENT
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PREPARATION
KEY POINTS
REFERENCE
04 Tools
06 Key Points for Cold / cryogenic
23 Learning Guide
04 Preparation & PPE
05 Fixing & Securement
Applications
07 Key Points for Installing Straight
Piping
09 Key Points for Installing Segments
(Gores) on 90° x 1.5 D elbow
10 Key Points for Installing Tee Fittings
11 Key points for Installing Pipe Reducer
13 Vapour Stop at Insulation
Terminations
17 Use of Primary Vapour Barrier
19 Key Points for Insulating Valves &
Flanges
20 Key Points for Insulation Connection
at Rigid Pipe Supports. (Single or
multiple moulded designs)
21 Key Points for Rigid Outer Jacketing:
(Cladding)
22 Recommended Insulation Materials
and Accessories
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ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Tools
• Folding rule / Tape measure
• Retractable knife
• Black ink marker
• Tensioning tool (for use with
banding)
• Dividers
• Callipers
• Straight edge
• Heavy duty Scissors / or
battery powered shears
• Tin snips (for cutting banding)
• Tape card
• Clean dry cleaning cloths
Preparation and PPE
• Fabricate material on smooth flat surfaces – for example large work bench.
• For mass fabrication activity – pipe stands and roller sleeves can be used
for ease of handling
• Care needs to be taken not to damage the outer surfaces vapour barrier
during fabrication and cutting.
• Do not use damaged insulation.
• All tools be fit for purpose.
• In workshop locations, for good house keeping an industrial type vacuum
should be available.
• Protect the insulation from rain, high humidity and direct sunlight during
construction and at the end of each shift.
• Where appropriate wear PPE applicable to local regulations.
Dust mask (disposable filtering half mask, class FFP3 acc. to EN 149
or equivalent).
ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Fixing and securement
• ArmaGel DT shall be fixed tightly to the piping / underlying insulation
surface using 25mm or 50mm wide self-adhesive glass reinforced
filament tape. The integrated vapour barrier face of ArmaGel DT shall
always be facing outward. Never apply the integrated vapour barrier face
of ArmaGel DT to the pipe / insulation surface.
• Clean ArmaGel DT surfaces (surface with integrated vapour barrier)
using dry cleaning cloth before applying filament tape.
• The filament tape is secured around the insulations circumference and
overlapped by 2 x the circumference.
• The filament tape is installed at maximum 200-300mm centers
depending on pipe size. (Additional filament tape securement can be
applied for small bore piping)
• For small bore piping ½ to 2” NPS – 25mm wide filament tape can be
bound spirally around the insulation to secure the layers.
• Stainless steel bands and clips are recommended to secure the insulation
layer(s) for horizontal pipe with NPS above 20” and all vertical positioned
pipes regardless of pipe size.
• Where stainless steel bands and clips are used, care shall be taken not
the damage to outer surface vapour barrier.
• Cold / cryogenic applications with a line temperatures from sub-ambient
to -180°C, glass reinforced filament tape or stainless steel banding can be
used for fixing and securement insulation layers.
• Hot applications with a line temperatures from ambient to +250°C, glass
reinforced filament tape*, stainless steel wires or stainless steel banding
can be used for fixing and securement of insulation layers.
• Dual temperature applications with a line temperature operating cycle
from -40°C to +250°C glass reinforced filament tape* or stainless steel
banding can be used for fixing and securement insulation layers.
*Interface temperatures within insulation layers above +70°C, glass reinforced filament tape shall not be used for fixing and
securement – use insulation wire or bands.
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ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Key Points For Cold / Cryogenic Applications
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Line temperatures from sub-ambient to -180°C all seams and joints on each
ayer be vapour sealed using minimum 75mm wide self adhesive vapour barrier
tape.
The insulation layer/s be installed following the shapes and contours‘ of the
piping and its fittings - all annular voids are to be avoided.
All seams and joints shall be installed with no gaps and be 100% vapour sealed
with vapour barrier tapes.
All seams and joints must be staggered by a minimum of 100mm on multiple
layers.
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Insulation secured with 25 – 50mm wide glass reinforced filament tape.
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Self adhesive vapour barrier tape be minimum 75mm wide.
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Self adhesive vapour barrier tape be overlapped by a minimum of 50mm in all
directions.
Care shall be taken not damage the ArmaGel DT vapour barrier surface during
fabrication and installation.
Do not install damaged material. Minor damages to vapour barrier surface can
be over-taped with the vapour barrier tape being used.
ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Key points for installing on straight piping
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Determine the pipe circumference by using a strip 100mm wide of ArmaGel DT
with the same thickness to be used for insulating the pipe. For multilayers
measure a new circumference each time.
Cut the ArmaGel DT to the required size using retractable craft knife for
example.
Insulation can be installed with or without overlaps – overlaps only for single
layer insulation system.
Apply insulation tightly around piping surface or underlying insulation and
secure in position with glass reinforced filament tape / stainless steel bands
(Operating temperature determine fixing and securement method)
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Longitudinal seams are positioned at either 3,4,5,6,7,8, or 9 o‘clock position.
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All seams and joints be installed with no gaps and be staggered on multilayers.
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For applicable line temperatures - 75mm wide self adhesive vapour barrier
tape is applied to vapour seal ALL seams and joints. The tape is overlapped by
a minimum of 50mm and applied with firm even pressure using a tape card.
All vapour barrier tape must be 100% secured down with no gaps in tape. Keep
tape creases to a minimum.
Ensure surface dust / moisture is removed and surface is dry before applying
vapour barrier tape using a clean dry cleaning cloth.
ArmaGel DT can be installed with longitudinal butt joints or with longitudinal
overlapped joints.
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Longitudinal overlapped joints are recommended for single layer applications.
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Longitudinal butt joints are recommended for multiple layer applications.
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If overlapped joints are required the overlap shall be a minimum of 25mm. and
a maximum 50mm.
Overlaps - care should be taken to increase the sizing of the vapour barrier foil
and the outer metal jacket – (overlaps will increase the final outer diameter of
the insulated piping).
All seams and joints be installed with no gaps.
For sub-ambient to -180ºC - min. 75mm wide self adhesive vapour barrier
tape shall be applied to vapour seal all seams and joints. (Vapour barrier tape
must be overlapped by a minimum of 50mm in all directions).
For small bore piping applications ½” to 2” a 100mm wide ArmaGel DT spiral
wrapping can be done with a 50% overlap.
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ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Key points for installing on straight piping (continued)
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For line temperatures from ambient to +250°C, seams and joints of insulation
DO NOT require sealing with the vapour barrier tape
For insulation systems with maximum line temperatures above 250°C, a
combination of ArmaGel HT and ArmaGel DT insulation can be constructed.
The inner layer(s) of the insulation material on the pipe surface shall be
ArmaGel HT and outer layer shall be ArmaGel DT.
The thickness of ArmaGel HT must be calculated to ensure that the interface
temperature between the ArmaGel DT and ArmaGel HT will not exceed the
maximum of 250°C.
For dual-temperature line temperatures (operating in cyclic mode) from -40°C
to +250°C, only seams and joints of the last outer layer of ArmaGel DT shall be
sealed with vapour barrier tape.
Note: Ambient temperature refers to the maximum summer
high temperature at the facility location/site of the project.
ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Key Points for Installing Segments (Gores) on 90° x 1.5
D elbow
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ArmaGel DT is fabricated and installed with traditional segments (gores).
2 piece bend fittings covers are not applicable with ArmaGel DT.
All Segment insulation be tightly fitted around contour of bend with no
visible gaps.
If overlaps are required the overlap shell be 10mm to 20mm.
(Only recommended for single layer insulation system)
Each segment secured using filament tape or stainless steel banding.
(Operating temperature & pipe size determine fixing and securement
method – see fixings and securement above).
Segment longitudinal seams are positioned at the centre, outer or inner
radius position.
Ensure surface dust / moisture is removed and surface is dry before
applying vapour barrier tape using a clean dry cleaning cloth.
For applicable line temperatures - 75mm wide self adhesive vapour
barrier tape is applied to vapour seal ALL seams and joints.
(The tape is overlapped by a minimum of 50mm and applied with firm
even pressure using a tape card.
All vapour barrier tape must be 100% secured down with no gaps in tape.
Keep tape creases to a minimum.
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ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Key points for installing a tee fitting
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Tee fitting cover is made in two parts. (tee body and tee branch)
Tee fitting cover can be installed with or without overlaps – overlaps only for
single layer insulation system.
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Insulation be tightly fitted around contour of bend with no visible gaps
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If overlaps are required - be 10mm to 20mm.
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All seams and joints be installed with no gaps and be staggered on multilayers.
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Each segment is secured using filament tape or stainless steel banding.
(Operating temperature & pipe size determine fixing and securement method –
see fixings and securement above).
Segment longitudinal seams are positioned at the centre, outer or inner radius
position.
Ensure surface dust / moisture is removed and surface is dry before applying
vapour barrier tape using a clean dry cleaning cloth.
For applicable line temperatures - 75mm wide self adhesive vapour barrier
tape is applied to vapour seal ALL seams and joints. (The tape is overlapped by
a minimum of 50mm and applied with firm even pressure using a tape card.
All vapour barrier tape must be 100% secured down with no gaps in tape. Keep
tape creases to a minimum.
ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Key points for installing a reucer fitting
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Reducer fitting cover can be installed with or without overlaps – overlaps only
for single layer insulation system.
If overlaps are required - be 10mm to 20mm.
All seams and joints shall be installed with no gaps and be staggered on
multilayers.
Reducer insulation secured with filament tape or stainless steel banding.
(Operating temperature & pipe size determine fixing and securement method –
see fixings and securement slides above).
Reducer insulation longitudinal seams are positioned at the centre, outer or
inner radius position.
Ensure surface dust / moisture is removed and surface is dry before applying
vapour barrier tape using a clean dry cleaning cloth.
For applicable line temperatures - 75mm wide self adhesive vapour barrier
tape is applied to vapour seal ALL seams and joints. (The tape is overlapped by
a minimum of 50mm and applied with firm even pressure using a tape card.
All vapour barrier tape must be 100% secured down with no gaps in tape. Keep
tape creases to a minimum.
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ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Key points for installing a tee pipe fitting
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Vapour stop shall be applied at all insulation terminations either sides of the
flanges, valves, flanged fittings, protrusion terminations and to rigid pipe
supports for cold/cryogenic insulation with line temperatures from sub
ambient to -180 °C.
Typical industry standard products used are for example:
Foster 60-38/39*, Foster 60-95/96*, Foster 90-66**, Foster 90-61**,
Sam Hwa SHC 107-61**
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Note:
*For service temperature down to -40 °C.
** For service temperature down to -180°C
The vapour stop is applied onto the outer surface of the insulation and all
exposed termination ends with minimum distance of 100 mm and onto the pipe
surface by minimum of 50mm.
The vapour stop is constructed with a flexible reinforcement membrane.
The vapour stop is applied in multiple coats to achieve a film thickness
according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
Allow vapour stop to fully cure before applying primary vapour barrier sheeting
and outer jacketing.
ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Key installation points:
Vapour Stop at Insulation Terminations &
Protrusions – Examples of typical workscope
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Terminations next to Flanged piping parts.
Step 1
Step 4
Step 2
Step 3
Step 5
Completed work
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ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Key installation points:
Vapour Stop at Insulation Terminations &
Protrusions – Examples of typical workscope
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Protrusion Terminations.
Step 1
Step 2
Step 4
Step 3
Completed work
Key installation points:
Vapour Stop at Insulation Terminations &
Protrusions – Examples of typical workscope
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Terminations on insulated Valve Spindle.
Step 1
Step 2
Completed work
ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Key installation points:
Vapour Stop at Insulation Terminations &
Protrusions – Examples of typical workscope
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Terminations on insulated Valve Body.
Step 1
Step 3
Step 2
Completed work (both terminations)
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ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Key installation points:
Vapour Stop at Insulation Terminations &
Protrusions – Examples of typical workscope
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Vapour stop at Rigid Pipe Support connections.
ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Key installation points:
Use of primary vapour barrier
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The primary vapour barrier is required for cold/cryogenic insulation with line
temperature from sub-ambient to -180°C.
The primary vapour barrier shall be a self-adhesive 1.0 – 1.2mm thick,
vulcanizing butyl rubber foil-faced membrane sheet.
The primary vapour barrier sheeting to be applied over the outer surface of the
last layer of ArmaGel DT insulation prior to the installation of the outer
jacketing (metal / UVGRP cladding).
Care needs to be taken during fabrication and installation of primary vapour
barrier in order not to damage or break the foiled surface. All damaged
primary vapour barrier shall be discarded or repaired.
The primary vapour barrier sheeting is applied tightly around the final layer of
ArmaGel DT insulation without any visible gaps.
Follow manufacturers application instructions.
The seams and joints be overlapped by a minimum of 50 mm in all directions
for all piping and fittings, is applied with firm even pressure using a (tape
card – recommended).
For the segments (gores) of elbows, the primary vapour barrier be overlapped
by minimum of 50 mm at longitudinal joints and 10 mm at circumferential
joints.
The primary vapour barrier is required for dual-temperature insulation with
line temperatures operating in cyclic mode from -40 °C to +250 °C.
For hot insulation with line temperature from ambient to +250 °C.
NO additional primary vapour barrier is required for the construction of the
insulation systems.
Note: Ambient temperature refers to the maximum summer high
temperature at the facility location/site of the project.
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ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Key installation points:
Use of primary vapour barrier –
Examples of typical workscope
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 5
Step 4
Step 6
Step 4
Step 7
ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Key points for installing of valves and flanges
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When valves and flanges require insulating the correct insulation thickness
and type needs to be installed.
DT Insulation shall follow the shape and contours of the valve or flange.
Piping DT insulation layers to be terminated away from the flanged part
typically by (bolt length + 25mm).
All insulation seams and joints shall be tightly butted with no visible gaps.
The insulation layers of the valves & flanges shall be extended onto the
adjacent fully insulated pipe by a minimum of 100 mm.
All insulation layers secured with filament tape or stainless steel banding.
(Operating temperature & pipe size determine fixing and securement method –
see fixings and securement slides above).
The securement, vapour sealing of all seams and joints, use of Vapour Stop
and Primary vapour barrier as per Straight piping – also refer to the Vapour
Stop & Primary Vapour Barrier slides above.
Air spaces to be filled and packed with strips of “loose fill” ArmaGel DT where
applicable.
Alternative methods of insulating Valves and Flanges to be determined by
Project Engineer where applicable.
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ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Key Points for Insulation Connection at Rigid Pipe
Supports. (Single or multiple moulded designs)
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ArmaGel DT insulation layers to be tight butted with no gaps up to the rigid
pipe support end termination where applicable.
Apply min.75mm wide self-adhesive vapour barrier tape over the joint
connection of the DT insulation and pipe support terminations to vapour seal
the joint.
Where the total insulation thickness is less than the thickness of the rigid
support (multiple moulded design types), the exposed staggered support
surface is insulated over with “build – up” strips of ArmaGel DT.
The width of the “build-up strip” shall be wide enough to be extend onto the
adjacent insulation surface by 100mm. Refer to Armacell – ArmaGel DT piping
Drawing Detail No.26 for construction method.
The “build–up” strips of insulation are secured with filament tape and vapour
sealed with the appropriate self-adhesive vapour barrier tape.
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Note: ArmaGel DT insulation “build–up” strips shall be to the same
level of the rigid pipe support outer diameter.
The appropriate Vapour Stop and reinforcement membrane shall be applied
onto the outer surface of the insulation by 100mm and the rigid insulation pipe
support termination.
The connection has to be fully 100% vapour sealed correctly.
Allow the Vapour Stop to fully cure before applying any additional Primary
Vapour Barrier sheeting / outer rigid jackets.
The primary vapour barrier sheeting to extended onto the rigid pipe support
where appropriate.
ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Key installation points for Rigid Outer Jacket:
(Cladding)
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ArmaGel DT to be protected with an adequate outer jacketing.
Take care not to damage the insulation system during installation of the rigid
jacket.
ArmaGel DT is compatible with all forms of jacketing such as metal cladding,
polymeric covering, GRP and multiply laminate cladding system.
The outer jacketing should always be applied according to manufacturer’s
instructions and in accordance with the Project Insulation Specification.
Screws and rivets shall be avoided wherever possible unless absolutely
necessary.
Standoffs or a sacrificial layer using closed cell foam / ArmaFlex sheet
materials can be applied. If screws or rivets are necessary to be used to secure
the metal cladding, the thickness of sacrificial layer or standoff shall be higher
than the length of the rivet/screw used.
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ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Recommended Materials & Accessories.
(Local equivalent‘s can also be used)
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Primary Vapour Barrier
(Foil-faced butyl vapour barrier sheet)
A self-adhesive 1.0 – 1.2mm thick, vulcanizing butyl rubber sheeting
wrap, at one side backed with a multiplex foil, as per project/site
requirement.
• Polyguard / Insulrap 50
• Sam Hwa – BUSEAL WRAP 12
• Foster C.I. Wrap 50
• STI – STI 5000
• Temati - Tembutil-IF
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Vapour Barrier Tape
For the sealing of all seams and joints of ArmaGel DT insulation where
the surface temperature is not lower than -40°C.
Aluminium foil, or multiply of aluminium and polyester film provided on
one side with an adhesive layer on the basis of synthetic rubber and
synthetic resin, and covered with a protective film.
• Venture Tape - 1517CW
• Temati - VaporStop Foil/Tape
• Venture Tape - 1555 CW
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Vapour Barrier Tape. For the sealing of all seams and joints of
ArmaGel DT insulation where surface temperature is below -40°C.
A self-adhesive 0.5 - 1.0 mm thick, vulcanizing butyl rubber mastic
adhesive tape, at one side backed with a multiplex foil.
• Polyken 360-17
• Venture Mastik tape 1580
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Flexible Reinforcement Membrane
Used as reinforcement membrane for the construction of vapour stop.
Woven glass scrim reinforced chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSPE)
membrane or similar polymeric compound materials.
• Mast –A– Fab 42-22.
• Chil-Glas
• Scrimtex (N 10)
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Filament Tape
Used to secure ArmaGel DT insulation layers around piping and
applicable fittings.
Glass fibre reinforced synthetic tape 25 & 50mm wide.
• Scotch 893
ARMAGEL DT | KNOW-HOW
Learning guide
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All data and technical information are based on results achieved under the specific conditions defined according to the testing standards
referenced. It is the customer’s responsibility to verify if the product is suitable for the intended application. The responsibility for professional
and correct installation and compliance with relevant regulations and project specification lies with the customer. Armacell takes every
precaution to ensure the accuracy of the data provided in this document and all statements, technical information and recommendations
contained within are believed to be correct at the time of publication. By ordering/receiving product you accept the Armacell General Terms
and Conditions of Sale applicable in the region. Please request a copy if you have not received these.
© Armacell, 2020. ArmaFlex® is a trademark of the Armacell Group.
00320 | ArmaGel DT piping | ArmaGel | KnowHow | 082020 | GBL | EN
ABOUT ARMACELL
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