GUIDANCE
PROGRAM &
PRACTICES
Topics:
1. Career Education as an Element of Education
2. Placement as an Important Service of
Guidance
3. Causes and Prevention of Human Emotional
Illness
4. More Counselor Employment Opportunities
5. Modification of Counselor Practices
6. Professionalization of Counselors
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Career
Education as an
Element of
Education
Introduction
A person’s career is considered their “journey” through life, and the
Career Education curriculum offers students the opportunity to
pursue this journey in personally meaningful and goal-oriented
ways. Career-life development with intent is the ongoing process of
self-discovery,
growth
in
competence,
and
learning
from
experiences in educational, work-related, and personal life contexts.
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Career
• the series of jobs that a person has in a particular area
of work, usually involving more responsibility as time
passes. (Oxford Dictionary)
• it is a lifelong calling or pursuit that includes a
profession, an occupation, vocation or other calling that
one pursues through a lifetime, although it may change,
where one is able to pursue interests and develop and
use potentials and aptitudes, skills and abilities.
(Career Planning)
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Career Education
• developing knowledge, skills and
attitudes through a planned program of
learning experiences in education and
training settings which will assist all
students to make informed decisions
about their study and/or work options
and enable effective participation in
their working life.
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Features of the Career
Education curriculum
The Career Education curriculum:
•promotes a holistic view of the student,
providing opportunities to explore identity,
purpose, and well-being in diverse learning
contexts and related to multiple life roles
•recognizes the value of experiential learning,
community connections, and reflection in
advancing career-life development
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Features of the Career
Education curriculum
•is organized in three Content areas that
foster purposeful career-life development:
personal development, community
connections, and planning
•is structured to facilitate integration
across multiple areas of learning
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Why is Career
Education/Planning Important?
• The choices that young adults make in
school have long-lasting impacts on their
careers. A primary function of secondary
education is to prepare students for the
workplace. Career education provides them
with
the
skills,
knowledge,
and
encouragement they need to get the most
out of their desired career path.
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Why is Career
Education/Planning Important?
• Students
display
higher
levels
of
engagement and motivation when they have
a clear understanding of what they want to
do. Career education hones their focus so
that they can make informed choices about
their careers. Teachers and counselors
provide the essential guidance that creates
a bridge between education and career.
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Career Counselors
• Must have extensive knowledge about
different occupations and jobs, the
requirements for each of them, the job
market and how individuals may succeed
and be happy in whatever they choose.
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Factors Influence/Affects a
Career Choice
• Careers affect the amount of money
earned and how it must or could be
spent.
• Careers affect friendships, links and
connections as one usually establishes
relationships in the area of work.
• Careers influence the attitudes and
values of people.
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Factors Influence/Affects a
Career Choice
• Moral Values can be affected by some
occupations.
• Careers determine how much time is
spent at work, with family and friends, for
pursuit of other interests, or for leisure.
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Placement as an
Important
Service of
Guidance
Placement Service
• Placement
a. The act of placing or arranging.
b. The stage of being placed or arranged
• Service
a. The action of helping or doing work for
someone.
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Placement Service
• means helping a person to get an
appropriate place according to his
qualifications and abilities, thus
enabling him to get absorbed
successfully in any occupation.
(Guidance and Counseling Book, Asha K. Kinra)
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Causes and
Prevention of
Human
Emotional
Illness
Emotional Disorder
a. any psychological disorder characterized
primarily by maladjustive emotional reactions
that are inappropriate or disproportionate to their
cause. Also called emotional illness.
b. loosely, any mental disorder.
American Psychological Association – APA Dictionary of Psychology
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Is emotional disorder a mental
illness?
We refer to mental disorders using
different “umbrella” terms such as
emotional
disturbance,
behavioral
disorders, or mental illness. Beneath these
umbrella terms, there is a wide range of
specific conditions that differ from one
another in their characteristics and treatment.
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What Is Mental Illness?
The American Psychiatric Association defines
mental illness as a health condition that
involves “changes in emotion, thinking, or
behavior—or a combination of these.”
If left untreated, mental illnesses can have a
huge impact on daily living, including your
ability to work, care for family, and relate and
interact with others.
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Mental illness, also called mental health
disorders, refers to a wide range of mental
health conditions — disorders that affect your
mood, thinking and behavior.
According to the National Alliance on Mental
Illness (NAMI), some of the most common mental
illnesses include self-harm, suicide, sleep disorders,
substance use disorders, depression, anxiety, ADHD,
and bipolar disorder, to name a few.
.
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Many people have mental health
concerns from time to time. But a mental
health concern becomes a mental illness
when ongoing signs and symptoms
cause frequent stress and affect your
ability to function.
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A mental illness can make you miserable
and can cause problems in your daily life,
such as at school or work or in
relationships. In most cases, symptoms
can be managed with a combination of
medications
and
talk
therapy
(psychotherapy).
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What causes mental
illness?
Most mental illnesses don’t have a single cause.
Instead, they have a variety of causes, called risk
factors.
There are many risk factors and triggers, but here
are a few examples:
•Genetics. Mental illness often runs in the family.
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What causes mental
illness?
•Environment. Living in a stressful environment can strain
your mental health. Things like living in poverty or having
an abusive family put a lot of stress on your brain and
often trigger mental health concerns.
•Stressful events: like losing a loved one or being in a car
accident.
•Childhood trauma. Even if you’re no longer in a stressful
environment, things that happened to you as a child can
have an impact later in life.
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What causes mental
illness?
•Negative thoughts. Constantly putting yourself down or
expecting the worst can get you stuck in a cycle of depression or
anxiety.
•Unhealthy habits: like not getting enough sleep, or not eating.
•Drugs and alcohol: Abusing drugs and alcohol can be bad for
your mental health. It can also make it harder to recover from
mental illness.
•Brain chemistry. Mental illness often involves an imbalance of
natural chemicals in your brain and your body.
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Path to improved Mental Health
There are many ways to improve or maintain good
emotional health.
• Be aware of your emotions and
reactions.
• Express your feelings in appropriate
ways.
• Think before you act.
• Manage stress.
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Path to improved Mental Health
• Strive for balance.
• Take care of your physical
health.
• Connect with others.
• Find purpose and meaning.
• Stay positive
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Things to Consider
People who have good emotional health
can still have emotional problems or
mental illness. Mental illness often has a
physical cause. This could be from a
chemical imbalance in the brain. Stress
and problems with family, work, or school
can trigger mental illness or make it
worse.
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Things to Consider
Counseling, support groups, and
medicines can help people who have
emotional problems or mental illness. If
you have an ongoing emotional problem,
talk to your doctor. He or she can help
you find the right type of treatment.
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More Counselor
Employment
Opportunities
Counselor Career Paths
Although all counselors help people overcome personal
challenges and achieve their goals, their settings and patient
groups differ based on which specialization they pursue. This
section details five popular career paths for professionals in
this field. Depending on the specialization, you may need
specialized government licensure and/or clinical certification.
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Marriage and Family Counselor
These specialists work with individual patients, couples, and families
in a variety of settings, including social service agencies, inpatient
facilities, private practices, and community mental health centers.
Marriage and family counselors focus on issues relating to familial
relationships, including lack of communication and relevant
emotional/mental disorders. They may also provide pre-marriage
counseling for engaged couples.
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Substance Abuse Counselor
Also known as addiction counselors, substance abuse
counselors help patients identify their problems with drug,
gambling, alcohol, and sex. Substance abuse counselors also
help people suffering from eating disorders and body
dysmorphia. They develop personalized plans that focus on
models for prevention, recovery, and relapse. These
professionals can also oversee crisis counseling and group
therapy sessions.
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Mental Health Counselor
Licensed mental health counselors diagnose complex psychiatric
and emotional disorders, developing treatment plans that help
patients understand and cope with these conditions. They focus on
therapeutic techniques that address anxiety, depression, stress,
trauma, low self-esteem, and suicidal impulses. Mental health
counselors also implement educational outreach programs that
target certain at-risk populations, like incarcerated people or the
elderly.
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School Counselor
Also known as addiction counselors, substance abuse
counselors help patients identify their problems with drug,
gambling, alcohol, and sex. Substance abuse counselors also
help people suffering from eating disorders and body
dysmorphia. They develop personalized plans that focus on
models for prevention, recovery, and relapse. These
professionals can also oversee crisis counseling and group
therapy sessions.
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Career Counselor
Professionals who specialize in career counseling work with high
school students, recent college graduates, and professionals
looking to switch jobs. They assess their client's aptitudes and
achievements to discern what field best suits their interests,
skills, and experience. Career counselors also help clients search
for jobs, write engaging resumes and cover letters, and practice
for interviews.
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Modification
of Counselor
Practices
Practice of counseling means rendering or
offering to render to individuals, groups,
organizations, or the general public any service
involving the application of principles,
standards, and methods of the counseling
profession, which shall include appraisal,
counseling, and referral activities.
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Individual Counseling
According to the National Institute of Health (2013),
approximately one out of five students has a diagnosed
mental disorder. Many external and internal factors can
affect a student’s academic, career, and socialemotional development.
Individual counseling is both a proactive approach to
preventive problem solving as well as a reactive
response to an immediate student need in which the
counselor explores a problem or topic of interest
through a personal and private interaction with a
student.
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Group counseling
is an effective and efficient way for a counselor to
deliver direct services to two or more students
simultaneously who have common concerns or
problem behavior. Groups often focus on a particular
issue with the goal of exploring and resolving
behavioral, perception, development, or cognition for
each participant (Gladding, 2012).
Group counseling can reduce social isolation and build
skills in peer relations to create a sense of belonging
(Arman, 2000; Brigman & Goodman, 2008). Group
counseling specifically engages the students in
behavioral analysis, change, and adjustment
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School Counseling Core
Curriculum
The school counseling core curriculum is a
sequence of learning activities and strategies
that address the academic, career, and socialemotional development of every student
(Gysbers & Henderson, 2012). The student
development curriculum promotes knowledge,
attitudes, and skills through instruction in three
areas:
academic
achievement,
career
development, and social-emotional growth.
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The school counseling core curriculum
is most frequently delivered through
the following methods:
• Classroom Instruction
• Interdisciplinary Curriculum Development
• Large-Group Activities
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School-Based Advisory
Programs
School counselors can play important leadership
roles in helping to develop and organize advisory
programs. This is a powerful way to extend the
school counseling core curriculum into a
schoolwide systemic program that involves all
school personnel in a meaningful way and
supports every student’s ability to acquire the
skills needed to succeed in the 21st century.
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Professionalizati
on of Counselors
Career Counselor
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Republic Act No. 9258, otherwise known as
the "Guidance and Counseling Act of 2004"
recognizes the importance of advancing and
protecting the guidance and counseling
profession by establishing preventive regulatory
mechanisms and standards of practice.
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What are the rules of counselors based According to
RA 9258?
- No person shall (a) engage in the practice of guidance
and counseling without a valid Certificate of
Registration and the valid Professional Identification
Card or a special permit; (b) make representations to the
public or to third person as a licensed Guidance Counselor
during the time that the licensed has been .
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Professional counseling is a professional relationship
that empowers diverse individuals, families, and groups
to accomplish mental health, wellness, education, and
career
goals.
Counselors work with clients on strategies to overcome
obstacles and personal challenges that they are facing.
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REFERENCES:
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/definition/english/career_1?q=career
https://www.positiveaction.net/career-education
Career-Counseling-in-the-Philippines.pdf
https://curriculum.gov.bc.ca/curriculum/career-education/introduction
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mental-illness/symptoms-causes/syc-20374968
https://www.verywellmind.com/definition-of-mental-illness-4587855
https://screening.mhanational.org/content/what-causes-mental-illness/?layout=actions_neutral
https://www.counseling.org/aca-community/learn-about-counseling/what-is-counseling
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Thank you