主谓一致
Subject—verb Concord/Agreement
主谓一致指句子主语和谓语在人称和数上
的一致。主谓一致有三原则：
语法一致(Grammatical Concord)
意义一致(Notional Concord)
就近原则(Principle of Proximity)
1.It is futile to discuss the matter further,
because ____going to agree upon anything
today. （2003-50）
A. neither you nor I are
B. neither you nor me is
C. neither you nor I am
D. neither me nor you are
答案：C 参考译文：进一步讨论这个事情是无益的，
因为今天你我都在任何事情上不愿达成一致。
2.Mr. Wells, together with all the members
of his family, ____ for Europe this
afternoon.
A. are to leave
B. are leaving
C. is leaving
D. leave
答案：C 参考译文：威尔斯先生,连同所有的家
人,今天下午出发去欧洲。
3. The statistics ___ that living standards in
the area have improved drastically in
recent times.
A. proves
B. is proving
C. are proving
D. prove
答案：D
解析：statistics在本句中表示“数据统计”而不是“统
计学”，因此谓语动词不可用第三人称单数；此外
prove 表示“（已）证明”，不可用现在进行时态，因
此，D为正确。
以”ics”结尾表示学科名称的名词做主语，谓
语动词多用单数；但如果其表达“学科”
以外的其他意义，谓语动词便可用复数。
acoustics（声学;音响效果） athletics（体育学;体育运动）
economics（经济学;经济意义） ethics（伦理学;行为准则）
tactics（兵法;策略） mathematics（数学;运算能力）
optics（光学;光线器件） physics（物理学;物理现象）
politics（政治学;政治观点） linguistics（语言学）
4.All the President’s Men ______one of the
important books for historians who study
the Watergate Scandal.（2007-52）
A. remain
B. remains
C. remained
D. is remaining
答案：B
参考译文： 《惊天大阴谋》是一本重要
的书，可供历史学家研究“水门事件”。
解析：All the President’s Men是一个书名，谓语动词
用单数，此句在阐述事实，所以用一般现在时态。
复数形式的专有名词作为整体看待（如人
名、地点、国家、组织、书籍、报刊等），
动词用单数形式。如：
1）The United States is in North America.
2）The United Nations has passed a
resolution（决议）。
3）The Arabian Nights（《天方夜谭》）is
an interesting book.
4）The New York Times is a good
newspaper.
6.Which of the following sentences is
INCORRECT?（2012-65）
A. Poultry are very expensive in the city.
B. New machinery were introduced in the
factory.
C. The police are investigating the murder
case.
D. The militia were called out to rescue
flood victims.
答案：B
以集体名词（Collective Noun)做主语时:
1).通常做复数的集体名词，如police, people, folk,
youth, clergy（教士）, cattle, militia, poultry（家
禽）, vermin（害虫）等；
以“ch、sh、-ese”等结尾的表示国籍的词，如The
French, The British, The Chinese等，谓语动词用复
数。
The police have caught the murderer.
The Chinese are famous for their hospitality.
2).通常做不可数的集体名词,表示总称，如machinery,
stationery（文具）, furniture, merchandise （商
品） ,foliage（树和植物叶子的总称），谓语动词用
单数。
New machinery is being installed in the factory.
3).有些集体名词如family, team, group, class,
audience, government, public（公众）,等作主语
时，如看作是一个整体，谓语动词则用单数形式；
如强调各个成员时，谓语动词要用复数形式。如：
My family is going to have a long journey.
My family are fond of music.
The class has won the honor.
The class were jumping for joy.
4.)如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /
a board of +复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常
用 单数。
A committee of five men and three women is
to consider the matter.
某些固定结构中谓语的数：
• a great many + 可数名词复数
谓语用复数
• the majority of +可数名词复数
谓语用复数
• a number of +可数名词复数
谓语用复数
• the number of +可数名词复数
谓语用单数
• neither/either of +可数名词复数
谓语用单数
• one and a half +可数名词复数
谓语用单数
• each/every +可数名词单数
谓语用单数
• more than one +可数名词单数
谓语用单数
• many a + 可数名词单数
谓语用单数
• the greater part of / a large proportion of / 50% of /
one third of / plenty of / the rest of 谓语的数与of后
面的名词一致
Two thirds of the students are girls in our class.
• More than one person here ____ with the disease.
A. has been infected
B. have been infected
C. has been infecting
D. have been infecting
• More students than one _______.
A. were punished
B. is punished
C. was punished
D. will punish
More ＋复数名词 ＋than one …和 more than one ＋单
数名词…的意义相同，均表示“不只一个”，但前者用
作复数，后者用作单数。
7.Which of the following sentences is
grammatically INCORRECT?（2013-59）
A. Politics are the art or science of
government.
B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.
C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.
D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.
答案：A
方法：直选法或排除法
A. 表示学科一类的名词作主语时
B. 表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词或短语作
为一个整体看待时，其谓语动词常用单数形式。如：
1）Three years is not a long time.
2）Ten dollars is what he needs.
3）Five hundred miles is a long distance.
C. 表示疾病的名词做主语，虽以“S”结尾但谓语动词多用
单数。arthritis(关节炎），bronchitis(支气管炎），
diabetes（糖尿病）, tuberculosis（肺结核）, measles
（麻疹）， mumps(腮腺炎），rickets(软骨病）等
Diabetes is considered a disease that belongs to the
wealthy/the rich.
D. 集体名词作主语时
请判断句子正误并解释
并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事
物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数，
and后面的名词没有冠词。
1）The writer and worker are coming to
our school tomorrow.
2）The writer and the worker are coming
to our school tomorrow.
3）Bread and butter is their daily food.
4）Bread and butter are their daily food.
the + 形容词（或分词）作主语时，常指一类人，如
the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the
old, the sick, the dead, the deaf , the oppressed, the
injured, the wounded, the unemployed 等谓语动词用
复数形式。;但也有少数的过去分词与定冠词连用时指
个别,则谓语动词用单数，这类形容词或分词如果要表
示个体时,就要与名词man, person 或表示人的单数连
用。
1）The young is usually very active.
2）The departed(死者)was a well-known
engineer.
有each, every, no, many a修饰名词时，
谓语动词要用单数形式。
1）Every boy and girl have been invited to
the party. 所有的孩子都被邀请参加这次聚
会。
2）No teacher and no student is absent
today. 今天没有老师和学生缺席。
3）Many a students is busy with their
lessons. 许许多多的学生都忙着复习他们的
功课。
由each, either, one, another, the other,
neither作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
1）Each takes a cup of tea.
2）Either is correct.
3）Neither of them like this picture.
由every, some, any, no构成的合成代词
作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
1）Is everyone here?
2）Nothing is to be done. 没有什么
要干的事儿了。
Exercise
1.A round and a square table __ in the
shop window.
A. was exhibiting B. was exhibited
C. were exhibiting D. were exhibited
2.When he got to the fair(交易会), what
were left behind __ ten empty bottles.
A. was B. were C. just D. only
3.Every policeman and fireman __ on the
alert.
A. was B. were C. have been D. are
4. Ten percent of the workers in this city __
now on strike.
A. is B. are C. is to be D. are to be
5.Not only you and I but Peter, the top
student in our grade __ not able to solve
the problem.
A. are B. were C. is D. am
6.Plenty of fruits, eggs, and
vegetables__ needed for health.
A. are B. is C. is being D. have
7.With the elevation of people’s
standard of living, cosmetics(化妆品)
_____ favorite topic, especially
among women.
A became
B become
C becomes
D have come
8.This is the best automobiles that_____ in
working order.
A. is
B. had
C. are
D. have
9. George is the only one of the brightest
students who __ from New York University.
A. is graduated
B. have graduated
C. has graduated
D. are graduated
10. Television is one of the great advances
in methods of communication that _ made
in the 19th century.
A. was B. were C. are D. has been