Cinematography
The art of making motion pictures.
Cinematographer
or the director of photography
Camera Shots
it is important to get this right as different types
of shots can have different meanings.
Types of camera shots
Close up:
Head and shoulders are in the frame, the directors want to focus our
attention on their facial expression.
Types of camera shots
Extreme close up:
Small details, often used for artistic effect and can give the audience a
sense of discomfort.
Types of camera shots
Long shot:
Shows the whole character, drawing attention to costume and body
language.
Types of camera shots
Extreme wide shot:
The view is so far from the subject that the character isn’t visible.
(Often used as an establishing shot)
Types of camera shots
Point of view shot:
When the audience see exactly what the character is seeing.
Types of camera shots
Mid shot:
The view is from the characters waist with partial view of the
background, normally used to focus on the dialogue between two characters.
Types of camera shots
Birds eye view:
When the camera looks down on settings of characters from high about, people tend
to look insignificant.
Types of camera shots
Low angle shot:
The camera is placed below the character looking up, normally to make the
character seem large and more powerful.
Types of camera shots
High angle shot:
The camera is placed above the character looking down, normally used to
make the character look vulnerable.
Types of camera shots
Over the shoulder shot:
Looking from behind a character at the subject, normally to show the subject more
clearly and to see their reaction.
Types of camera shots
Two shot:
A shot with two people which is used to show the relationship they have with
each other.
Camera Movement
The way the camera is handle in a certain shot.
Camera movement
Steadi-cam:
This is where the camera is at a stand still and is mounted on a harness attached to
the DP so the movement is smooth.
Camera movement
Handheld:
The camera shots are a bit shaky and the shots are unclear as the camera in
held without support. This is normally used to build tension and most commonly used in horror and action films.
Camera movement
Pan:
This type of movement scans the scene horizontally (left to right/right to left)
Camera movement
Zoom:
The camera is fixed and a zoom lens is used to move closely or move further
a way, this is normally used to get expressions from the characters.
Camera movement
Tracking:
This is when the camera is placed alongside the movement of the scene, this is
normally used to portray a movement.
Camera movement
Tilt:
A movement which scans a scene vertically (up and down/down and up)
Lighting
is an integral part of cinematography, and it's one of the few areas of filmmaking that has infinite
arrangements of set-ups. ... There is no one right way to employ lighting design. A scene could be
lit several different ways by different cinematographers, each altering the mood and overall
impact of the image.
A movement which scans a scene vertically (up and down/down and up)