LESSON 3 REVIEWER - CULTURAL CHANGE
5. School of Arts and Trade in Bacolor, Pampanga;
established by Father Juan P. Zera
EDUCATION
Parochial Schools
- schools under the management of the friars (priests)
- subjects taught: CATHECHISM, READING, WRITING,
COUNTING, MUSIC and LIVELIHOOD
Public Primary Schools
- established in every province by the Educational Decree of
1863; education in the primary schools (elementary schools)
was free and compulsory (required
- separation of boys and girls
- subjects taught TO BOYS: CATHECHISM, GEOGRAPHY,
EUROPEAN HISTORY, AGRICULTURE, MUSIC, SPANISH
LANGUAGE
-subjects taught to girls: SEWING, EMBROIDERY,
CROCHETING, COOKING
- establishment of normal schools or schools for training
future teachers
- Normal School for Boys, established in Manila in 1865
- Normal School for Girls (1893)
- Filipinos are not given equal opportunity; most schools,
colleges and universities prefer Spanish and Spanish mestizos;
only the public primary schools were open to Filipinos
LANGUAGE
- Spaniards did not teach native Filipinos the Spanish
language. Filipinos learned it by themselves
- LADRINO - native Filipinos who are well-versed in both
Spanish and their native language
- Spanish words now integrated in the Filipino language bintana, hardin, silya, aparador, beranda
LITERATURE
Schools for Boys
- Jesuits established exclusive schools for BOYS
1. Colegio Maximo de San Ignacio (1589)
2. Colegio de San Ildefonso (now University of San Carlos in
Cebu (1599)
3. Escuela Pia (for poor boys, 1817); Became Ateneo de
MUnicipal de Manila, or the now Ateneo de Manila
University
- TEACHERS: missionary priests
- Subjects: SPANISH, LATIN, CATHECHISM, READING,
WRITING, COUNTING, MUSIC, PHILOSOPHY, GEOGRAPHY and
GOOD MANNERS
Schools for Girls
1. Colegio de Santa Potenciana, for children of soldiers and
for orphans (1594
2. Colegio de Santa Isabel (1632)
3. Colegio de Santa Catalina (1695)
4. Colegio de Santa Rosa (1750)
5. Colegio de Concordia (1869)
6. Convento de la Asuncion (1892)
-TEACHERS: missionary nuns
- Subjects: SPANISH, LATIN, CATECHISM, READING, WRITING,
COUNTING, MUSIC , GOOD MANNERS, HOME ARTS
Doctrina Christiana - used for teaching catechism for boys
and girls
Colleges and Universities
- Courses offered: MEDICINE, LAW, PHARMACY (for men)
- Colegio de San Ignacio (1589)
- Universidad de Santo Tomas (1611)
- Universidad de San Felipe (1707)
Vocational Schools
- promoted vocational schools and education such as:
1. National Academy (1820)
2. School of Agriculture (1829)
3. Academy of Fine Arts (1849)
4. Don Honorio Ventura School of Arts and Trade (1861)
Types of literature introduced by the Spaniards:
1. Awit - about Filipino heroes belonging the the maharlika
class
2. Corrido - about legendary heroes who were brave, strong,
and challenging
Ex. Florante at Laura, Bernardo Carpio, Don Juan Tenoso)
Prominent witers of awit and corrido - Francisco Balatazar
(Balagtas), Jose de la Cruz (Huseng Sisiw)
MUSIC AND DANCE
- Musical instruments Filipinos were taught to play: flute,
violin, harp, piano
- Most famous bamboo musical instrument - Bamboo organ,
made by Father Diego Cerra in 1824
- Spanish dances learned by Filipinos - fandango, carinoso, la
jota, rigodon, polka
PAINTING