CENTRAL DOGMA - WORKSHEET
NAME: …………………………………………
DATE: …………………..
The process of decoding the instructions in DNA to make RNA, which in turn is decoded to make a specific protein is known as the
central dogma of molecular biology.
DNA Coding Strand
DNA Template Strand
> 5’ ATGTTTGGCTCA 3’
> 3’ TACAAACCGAGT 5’
The coding strand and the template are
COMPLEMENTARY
For transcription, enzymes use the template strand 3’5’ and synthesize the complementary mRNA 5’-3’
DNA Template Strand
> 3’ TACAAACCGAGT 5’
mRNA
> 5’ AUGUUUGGCUCA 3’
As you can see, the mRNA is identical to the DNA
Coding Strand, but mRNA has U instead of T
Then the mRNA carries the DNA's information in the
form of “Codons” which are a 3 nucleotide sequence in
an mRNA strand. tRNA carries “Anticodons” which are
3 complimentary nucleotides to the codons of mRNA.
mRNA codons direction > 5’ AUG UUU GGC UCA 3’
tRNA anticodons direction > 3’ UAC AAA CCG AGU 5’
During translation a tRNA anticodon will bind to a
specific mRNA codon and bring with it the specific
amino acid coded for each codon. Use the genetic code
to translate the info encoded in each codon of mRNA
mRNA codons direction > 5’ AUG UUU GGC UCA 3’
Amino acid sequence
Met-Phe-Gly-Ser
In the majority of living organisms the translation
process starts decoding the same sequence 5’ AUG 3’
that express the amino acid Met
Using the information above solve the following practice problems. Complete the strands of DNA [2 marks], RNA [2 marks],
anticodons [2 marks] and the sequences of Amino Acids [2 marks] using the information provided.
DNA Coding
‘ A
G G
G G
G A
A T A T
T
T G T A
Strand
DNA Template
’
A
G
A
T
C
G T
Strand
mRNA
Sequence
Anti-Codons
tRNA Molecule
Amino Acid
Sequence
‘
A
’
’
’