ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I am indebted to the Principle of my college Mr Gyan Bahadur Khadka and all the present and past
biologists of Nepal; without whose extensive work and literature this study would never been
possible.
I express my gratitude and indebtedness to Mr Som Prasad Niraula, Head of Biology Department,
ShikshadeepHigher Secondary School for his continuous help and encouragement throughout the
study period. I like to extend my heartfelt thanks to Mr Damodar Koirala, owner of poultry farm of
Inaruwa for providing me secondary literatures and guiding me throughout the survey period.
I wish to express my deepest sense of gratitude and profundal regards to my supervisor Mr. Milan
Kharel, Shikshadeep Higher Secondary School, Biratnagar for learned guidance, abiding interest and
for all the pain she took to take my study work completed and document prepared in time.
I would like to remember all my friends and family members who have supported, helped and
encouraged me.
Roshan Shah
Shiskhadeep Higher Secondary School
Biratnagar, Nepal
February 2023
(ii)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title
Page
ABSTRACT……….................................................................................................................i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………………………………………………………………...ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………………………………………………………………….iii
LIST OF TABLES………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..iv
LIST OF FIGURES………………………………………………………………………………………………………………v
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS……………………………………………………………………...vi
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………………………1-5
1.1 General Background………………………………………………………………………………………………….1-3
1.2 Objective of the study….…………………………………………………………………………………………...4
1.3 Study Area…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………5
CHAPTER 2: MATERIALS AND METHODS………………………………………………………………………….6
CHAPTER 3: RESULTS……………………………………………………………………………………………………….7-8
CHAPTER 4: DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS…………………………………………………………………9
CHAPTER 5: RECOMMENDATIONS……………………………………………………………………………………10
CHAPTER 6: REFERENCE…………………………………………………………………………………………………..11
CHAPTER 7: ANNEXES………………………………………………………………………………………………………12
(iii)
LIST OF TABLES
Tables
Page
Table 1: List of chickens at the poultry farm……………………………………………………………………….6
(iv)
ABSTRACT
The survey work entitled "Case study of Poultry farm of Inaruwa, Nepal" was conducted on 4th of
February 2023 at a poultry farm in Inaruwa, Nepal. The main objective of the study was to find out
the process of this type of farming and to know how the present condition of this type of business
going in Nepal. Both primary and secondary data were used for the survey. A list of 1500 chickens
belonging 500 of broilers chickens, 400 of local chickens and 600 of Giriraj chickens were recorded. In
a month 800 eggs of local chicken were sold. The present survey showed that, the "poultry of
Inaruwa" has been providing a good environment for the proper management of chickens. Proper
handling of poultry manures and composts produced from hatchery wastes and dead bodies could
further enhance the importance and cleanliness of this poultry farm for right growth for different
breeds of chickens.
(i)
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 General Background:
Geographically, our country Nepal is divided into three main regions. They are Himalayan
region, Hilly region and Terai region. The terai kingdom of Nepal is overflowed with the beauty of
dense forests, its plain flat land, inhabitants of thousands of wild animals and birds. Terai region
covers about 17% of the total area of Nepal. The Terai stretches from the international border with
India in the Far-Western region to the Easter region. It is located at an altitude of 67-300m (220-980
feet). The Terai region consists of many small and seasonal rivers, most of them which originate
straight from the Himalayan regions. The Terai’s soil is alluvial and moist so that various species of
food crops can cultured and harvested. Main crops that are cultivated are paddy, wheat, pulses
(Subedi et.al,2012). The lowest altitude in this region is known to be 70m above sea level. With a subtropical climate, the land here is exceedingly fertile and produces the bulk of the food grains for the
country's population .In the Terai, which is the hottest part of the country, summer temperatures rise
above 45°C. The climate here is hot and humid. In the middle hills, the summer climate is pleasant
with temperatures around 25°C – 27°C.The winter temperatures range from 7°C to 23°C in the Terai
and sub-zero to 12°C in the mountainous regions, hills and valleys(EON et.al.,2012).
Poultry farming is the commercial rearing of domestic birds such as chickens, ducks, turkeys, etc.These
animals are raised for their meat and eggs. Chickens are the most common bird raised for both meat
and eggs. Chickens that are raised for their chicken meat are called broilers. Chickens that are raised
for eggs are called laying hens or layers. Some breeds of poultry are raised on hobby farms are raised
for shows and competitions.
The poultry which is going to be described is located at the terai region of Nepal in Inaruwa which is
located at Sunsari district( a district in the terai region of Nepal). Sunsari lies in Koshi zone of our
country. Inaruwa is also known as the main city of Sunsari district as it hold the main high court of
district and Central governmental hospital too. Any type of Governmental works, papers can be
passed only in Inaruwa of Sunsari district. The Poultry farm of Inaruwa is not any type of property
which was built by any other organization or by GoN. It is a self made business or a private
businesswhich was unrolled by a local citizen named Damodar Koirala in 2018 AD. This business has
become a role of job opportunity for hundreds of people of Inaruwa. The principal of this business
was to provide a daily livelihood payment to unemployed people and to build a giant business in our
own local area which has become true now. This farm has been added as one of the well liked poultry
farm by the GoN. This factory has an area of 4ha., which provides shelter to numerous number of
chickens. This farm serves as a business flourisher in different cities of our district(Ghimire and
Shrestha, 2021).
1
Many officers from the agricultural sector of Nepal like Mr. Thakur (2022) had scan the management
of this poultry farm. Then again an agricultural entrepreneur or officer Mr. Awasthi (2022) had also
checked the license and management of this poultry farm.
The present study gives a proper understanding about the proper way of influencing business in right
time and right place. This type of project or survey will economically and financially provide great tax
to the government which helps our country to be developed.
There are a wide scope and marketing opportunities for poultry farming in Nepal. The marketing of
poultry is also increasing daily due to the change in eating meat and eggs. Nepal has an annual
production of 114,058 tons, while egg production is 1.20 billion per year. A Nepali eats 4.1 kg per hen
and 44 eggs annually ( agrifarming. in et al.,2021).The marketing of poultry is also increasing daily due
to the change in eating meat and eggs.Nepal is now fully self-sufficient in poultry products. The Food
and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has set the per capita per year requirement of eggs in developing
countries at 48 units.
Issues like bacteria, virus, theft, etc. have also been troublesome in the context of poultry farming in
Nepal. Poor bio-security, inefficient disease diagnosis, treatment as well as prevention are other
major problems for poultry raising farmers.. There are tons of problems in this sector that has been
neglected by the government of Nepal like lack of transportation, not having a fix sustainable place for
the selling purpose, the cost of chicken foods such as grains, corns, cooked beans has been increasing
day by day and the open border of Nepal and India has play the greatest role for achieving poor
success in poultry business. Due to the open border of Nepal and India,Poultry and its meat is brought
illegally from the border area of Nepal and India.
A carefully controlled environment that avoids crowding, chilling, overheating, or frightening is almost
universal in poultry farming. Cannibalism, which expresses itself as toe picking, feather picking, and
tail picking, is controlled by debarking at one day of age and by other management practices. The
feeding, watering, egg gathering, and cleaning operations are highly mechanized.Cages for egg-laying
birds have been found to increase production, lower mortality, reduce cannibalism, lower feeding
requirements, reduce diseases and parasites, improve culling, and reduce both space and labour
requirements.
2
A modern broiler chicken can reach a 2.3-kg (5-pound) market weight in five weeks, compared with
the four months that were required in the mid-20th century. Additionally, annual egg production per
hen has increased from about 100 in 1910 to over 300 in the early 21st century(AoN et.al.,2022).The
egg production per year of Sakini and Ghanti Khuile was higher than that of Puwakh Ulte. Also, the
hatchability of Sakini was significantly higher than that of Naked Neck. This was due to high feathers
in Sakini as compared to Naked Neck. Sakini matures earlier than others and start laying earlier(AoN
et.al.,2022).
3
1.2 Objectives of the Study
-To study about the poultry farming business.
-To know about the present marketing condition in this type of business.
-To know which type of chickens can lay more eggs and which are used for meat.
4
1.3 Study Area
The study was held at the poultry farm in Inaruwa which is located in sunsari district of
Nepal. Sunsari district lies in the province no.1. Geographically, it is located at 26° 36' 24" N latitude,
87° 8' 52" E longitude. It covers an area of 77.92km2(IM et.al.,2021).
Figure 1: Location of the Sunsari district
5
CHAPTER 2: MATERIALS AND METHODS
The survey study was conducted on 3rd february.2023 at the poultry farm of Inaruwa , Nepal. The
primary and secondary data both were used for the study. Primary data compute the total number of
chickens through observation, some small interviews from the staff of the poultry farm and some little
discussion with the local visitors too. The data generated during the consultations and discussions,
interviews were reviewed through secondary literatures. Secondary literatures and some websites on
the poultry farm, a numerous number of blogs written on this type of business , articles, internet,
books, media and Microsoft Wordpad 2020 of windows 7 are used for data explanation and
investigation.
6
CHAPTER 3: RESULTS
During the process of survey, totally 500 broilers chickens, 400 local chickens and 600 Giriraj chickens
were sold for meat per month. The local chickens lays 800 eggs per month.
Table 1: List of Chickens and Chicks at the Poultry Farm
Broilers
Local
meat
500
400
egg
0
800
total
500
1200
Source: Poultry farm survey, Feb 2023
Giriraj
600
0
600
7
total
1500
800
2300
Chickens and chicks at poultry farm
Chart Title
3000
2500
2500
2300
2000
1500
1200
1000
800
500
500
800
600
600
500
400
0
0
0
meat
egg
broiler
total
local
giriraj
total
Figure 2: Chickens and chicks at the poultry Farm
The poultry farm was found to provide excellent management, care and direction of this poultry farm
and there chickens such as Broiler (Gallus gallus domesticus ).
8
CHAPTER 4:DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS
The total controlling of the poultry farm was found to be quite nice. It has been
flourishing its business rapidly in the country nationally and it is the best thing that this
poultry farm has been giving a lot of job opportunities to many of the locals which is a
good thing for our country.The poultry farm has been giving total security and the
poultry farm was also using scientific methods of poultry farming.
9
CHAPTER 5:RECOMMENDATION
1.The government of Nepal should solve the problems of this sector.
2. The poultry wastes and the body dead chickens should be properly managed.
3. More free space should be provided.
4. The chicks and chickens should be checked properly by the veterinarians.
5. The problems like high cost of feeds and medicines, emerging new diseases, and lack
of biosecurity measures should be solved by the government.
10
CHAPTER 6:REFERENCES






Agrifarming 2021, a website on the poultry farming in Nepal.
AoN 2022, Agriculture of Nepal.
EON (Embassy of Nepal), 2022.
Ghimire and Shrestha 2022, practical biology for grade 12.
Hemant Raj Awasthi 2022, Agriculture Entrepreneur / Agriculture Officer.
Inaruwa Municipality(IM), 2021.
 Subedi, blogger 2012, geographical region of Terai region of Nepal.

Thakur,2022 (Agriculture Extension Officer).
11
LETTER OF APPROVAL
Mr.Roshan Shah has carried out the study entitled "Case study of Poultry Farm of Inaruwa, Nepal". I
approved the report for the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Secondary Level Education.
........................................
Mrs. Milan Kharel
Supervisor
Shikshadeep Secondary School
Biratnagr, Nepal
........................................
Mr.Som Prasad Niraula
Head
Department of Zoology
Shikshadeep Secondary School
Biratnagar,Nepal
CHAPTER 7:ANNEXES
PHOTOGRAPHS:
Fig 3: Chickens in the poultry farm.
12
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
AD
= Anno Domini
GoN = Government of Nepal
Ha
= Hectare
IM
= Inaruwa Municipality
EN = Embassador of Nepal
(vi)
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Location of map of the Sunsari district ………………………………………………………4
Were poultry farm is located
Figure 2: Different species of chickens and chicks…………………………………………………….7
At poultry farm
Figure 3: Layer chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)…………………………………………………..11
(v)