POWER AND
CITIZENSHIP
DR. YUAN-MING CHIAO
WENZAO URSULINE UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES
US.GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS — WEEK 2
2023/2/15
H
L
E
WELCOME TO
TODAY'S CLASS!
OBJECTIVES
What is the role of immigration and
L
O
citizenship in U.S. politics?
Understand why immigration and citizenship
has polarized U.S. politics.
WENZAO URSULINE UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES
US.GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS — WEEK 2
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Reviewing
POLITICAL NARRATIVES:
a persuasive story about the nature of power, who should have it, and how it should be
used
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THE CONCEPT OF NARRATIVES
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THE WALL:
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Keeping Certain People Out
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THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION’S POLICY
TOWARD UNDOCUMENTED CHILDREN
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IMMIGRATION FLOWS TO THE US (I)
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IMMIGRATION FLOWS TO THE US (II)
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CONCENTRATION OF FOREIGN BORN
POPULATION IN THE US
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What’s happening to the American population?
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Under the principle of international law called jus soli
Anyone born in any of the fifty states, in the District of
WHO IS AN
Columbia, or in most of America’s overseas territories
AMERICAN?
their parents are Americans or not.
(native born)
(Puerto Rico or Guam) is an American citizen, whether
Under jus sanguinis (“the right by blood”)
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(which means literally “the right of the soil.”)
if one is born outside the US to American parents, one is
also an American.
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immigrants who may legally enter the country
There are also strict rules governing the criteria for entry
WHO IS AN
If immigrants follow the rules and regulations of the U.S.
AMERICAN?
Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)—they
(naturalized)
called naturalization
may be eligible to apply for citizenship through a process
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Today there are strict limitations on the numbers of
NATURALIZATION:
the legal process of acquiring citizenship for someone
who has not acquired it by birth
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IMMIGRATION CATEGORIES
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However, many people who come to the United States do not come as legal permanent
residents. The USCIS refers to these people as nonimmigrants.
Some arrive seeking asylum, or protection. These are political refugees, who are
allowed into the United States if they face or are threatened with persecution because
of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political
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NONIMMIGRANTS
opinions.
Other non-immigrant groups: visitors, foreign government officials, students,
temporary workers, foreign media
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Recent remarks by US presidents on
“Today, our immigration system is broken, and everybody knows it. Families who enter our country the right way and play
by the rules watch others flout the rules. Business owners who offer their workers good wages benefits see the competition
exploit undocumented immigrants by paying them far less. All of us take offense to anyone who reaps the rewards of living
in America without taking on the responsibilities of living in America. And undocumented immigrants who desperately
want to embrace those responsibilities see little option but to remain in the shadows, or risk their families being torn apart.”
“Anyone who tells you the core issue is the needs of those living here illegally has
simply spent too much time in Washington.”
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immigration reform
“I make no apologies for ending programs that did not exist before Trump became
president that have an incredibly negative impact on the law, international law, as
well as on human dignity.”
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Immigration law is
After the 9-11 terrorist
American laws have
generally made by
attacks, security issues
become increasingly harsh
Congress with the
came to play a central role
with respect to
approval of the president.
in deciding who may enter
undocumented
the country
immigrants.
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U.S. IMMIGRATION POLICY
IMMIGRATION LAW TODAY
Border states (i.e. Arizona)
Continued political impasse
want stricter border checks,
over immigration laws and
but federal government has
how to treat undocumented
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right to set immigration
immigrants (DREAM Act)
policy
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Deciding whom to admit is a political decision, one
Especially when times are tough, nativism, or the
WHOM TO
ADMIT?
(1/3)
belief that the needs of citizens ought to be met before
those of immigrants, can take on political force, as it
did in Donald Trump’s campaign in 2016.
Politics is about how power and resources are
distributed in society; who gets to consume
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that results in winners and losers.
government services is a hotly contested issue.
Cultural stereotypes, global events and other
perceptions affect how Americans view immigration
and what kind of policies should be put in place
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Nations typically want to admit immigrants who can
unwilling to do (dirty, dangerous, demeaning)
WHOM TO
ADMIT?
(2/3)
At times when the labor force was insufficient for the
demands of industrialization and railroad building
and when western states wanted larger populations,
immigrants were welcomed.
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do things the country’s citizens are unable or
US policy now expects immigrants to be skilled and
financially stable so that they do not become a burden
on the American social services system
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Children of undocumented parents (referred to as
citizenship
WHOM TO
ADMIT?
Congress has failed to pass the DREAM Act, which
would give permanent legal status to the Dreamers
Dreamers and DACA
(3/3)
President Obama created DACA (Deferred Action for
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“Dreamers”) have had a perilous path toward
Childhood Arrivals) – allowing Dreamers to stay in
the US, attend schools and work- only to have it axed
by Trump. Biden seeks to resume it.
THE IMMIGRATION POLICY
DEBATE
Some seek to grapple with the issue of
Others want to prioritize the rule of law
the estimated 11 million undocumented
and believe undocumented immigrants
immigrants already in the US and the
should be sent home and the borders
demands of business for the cheap
tightened against the arrival of any
labor that immigrants provide
more
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