538463731 Focus 4 2E Workbook Answers DP- Diagnosing developmental disorders (2300-MS2-DP-DZR) 13 1 Workbook answer key 1.1 Vocabulary Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 go person further prove course Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 people bachelor’s skips further successful went fell go gave major settle gif ted lenient self-disciplined bully swot strict dyslexic self-disciplined swot dyslexic strict disruptive bullies gif ted Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 losing confused recall remember manages C B C A C Exercise 1 use not would use 1 2 3 4 5 1A b 1B a 2A a 2B b 3 (Because it is the only one broad enough to apply to the whole article.) Not 1 because Kim Peek is the person on whom Rain Man was based. Not 2 because the article is about more than just Daniel’s recitation of pi. Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 ’s always talking were always playing ’re always putting are you always hanging F T T T T 4 A 5 D 3A a 3B b 4A b 4B a 13 Exercise 3 1 enter / go into / use / access 2 anyone / anyone else / another person / other people 3 stolen/damaged 4 let us 5 every year / each year 6 of 7 bring (them) back 8 late 9 weekdays 10 may/might 11 check / check out / visit 1 2 3 4 5 6 up order come used if/though field Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 hearing Mum and Dad talking trying to get stop thinking forgotten to do tried counting to meet – meeting not leave – not to leave having – to have breaking – break to turn – turning to switch – switch 1.6 Speaking Exercise 2 4 b 5 c 6 f 1 e 2 d 3 a 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 © Pearson Education Limited return dressed unlikely Additional graduated Exercise 4 Exercise 3 6 F 7 F 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 4 Exercise 5 Exercise 1 Tick box 2 to laugh to meet to recycle working talking Exercise 3 vivid photographic earliest lost sieve vague jogged Exercise 2 3 a and b 4 b Exercise 2 think back Bear in mind learn, by heart drawing ablank ring abell slipped my mind 1 E 2 B 3 F 1 2 3 4 Exercise 1 1.4 Reading 6 7 8 9 10 brainwave the brains behind (inventing) racking my brains brainstorm brainy 1 a 2 b tell by Clearly chances having definitely about Focus 4 Second Edition 1 5a I 5b F 6a F 6b I 7a I 7b F 8a F 8b I Exercise 2 1.5 Grammar back escape heart bear draw bell Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1a F 1b I 2a I 2b F 3a F 3b I 4a I 4b F lose fell regained came suf fer recovered remain struck feel acquire sharpen 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 1.2 Grammar 1 2 3 4 have have I’ve seen I‘ve could have 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1.7 Use of English Exercise 1 Exercise 5 Exercise 4 give knowledge sit passion enrol interest dissertation field expelled scholarship C A A B B 4 A 5 B 6 C Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 8 1 2 3 4 5 1 make eye contact with 2 put (her bilingualism) to good use 3 had an ef fect on 4 take (electricity) for granted 5 see the big picture is always biting used to be will (always) leave would pick and eat Exercise 3 Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 REMEMBER BETTER 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 settle down fallen behind go on to scraped through major in give up on put – e make – c have – a read – d see – b Exercise 5 Exercise 1 Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 For this reason I feel 2 To be honest 3a In my opinion 3b That’s why I think 4a intend 4b Actually a 3 b 2 c 1 d 4 1.3 Listening Language Practice Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 are performed used didn’t use to would 1 A 2 C 3 B Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 6 Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 C C A B 5 6 7 8 D D B D tried to convince her to change were always causing trouble might have just made can’t help biting my nails used to stand up to recover from the injury Exercise 7 1 lets me use 2 a memory like asieve 3 is the brains behind/is the brains behind organising 4 advise people to walk / advise walking 5 use to do 1.8 Writing Exercise 1 1 incorrect – A CV should be 1–2 pages long. 2 correct 3 incorrect – Avoid using f ull sentences to make your CV short and concise. 1 Workbook answer key 4 incorrect – Check if aphoto is required in the country where you are applying f or ajob. 5 correct 6 correct Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 proven abilit y excellent command skills dedicated member relevant knowledge Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 1 Student with aproven ability to meet deadlines. 2 Excellent command of Spanish and German. 3 Well-developed communication skills. 4 Competent user of computer sof tware. 5 Dedicated member of aFrench club. Exercise 5 3 a 4 d Exercise 6 consideration – Tip 4 confident, suited – Tip 3 response – Tip 1 attend – Tip 4 welcome – Tip 2 apply – Tip 1 experience – Tip 3 1 b 2 d 3 a 1.9 SELF-CHECK Exercise 1 4 C 5 A Exercise 3 scholarship acquire dissertation major sieve 1 will walk – would walk 2 always were disturbing – were always disturbing 3 used – use 4 correct 5 don’t used – didn’t use Exercise 5 to go let him choose avoid revising remind your brother to give remember visiting Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 B C A C deepen unconscious photographic achievements proven advised me to study remember hitting the tree spent all day Reading books is always messing around used to attend Exercise 10 1 2 3 4 5 to used always brains will 5 B A A C B A Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 F had run out – a had f allen – c had stolen – b hadn’t brought – e had never used – d hadn’t booked – g 1a had been feeling 1b had done 1c had f ailed 1d hadn’t worked 2a had been cycling 2b had he set of f 2c had been 2d had been looking forwardto 2e had done 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Writing Task Students’ own answers 2.1 Vocabulary 1 2 3 4 5 6 impatient irresponsible insensitive unfriendly unambitious impolite trusting witt y moody af fectionate perceptive Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 on – at out – outside herself – life soul and life – life and soul with – of © Pearson Education Limited 13 4 D 5 C competitor darken response triumphant protectiveness dedication Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 triumphant dedicated responsive protective competitive Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 crouched down grimaced grip, manipulate hesitated gave awave let out agroan flinched flickered across Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 stared glanced peered was gazing glimpsed 2.5 Grammar Exercise 1 1 a 2 b 3 b 4 a 5 a Exercise 2 1a which 3a who 4a which 3 d 4 a Exercise 4 4 C 5 A 6 B Exercise 3 The more passionate the love, the more activity there was in that area. 1 The faster the car, the more petrol it uses. 2 The longer the hike, the more water you’ll need to take with you. 3 The bigger the barbecue, the more sausages we’ll be able to cook. 4 The cuter the puppy, the more chance there is of finding it agood home. 5 The steeper the ski slope, the more falls and injuries there are. Focus 4 Second Edition 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 b 2 c Exercise 2 1 A 2 C 3 B 1 B 2 C 3 A Exercise 3 more characteristics like more just worse much Exercise 4 f air-minded laid-back self-centred kind-hearted self-critical short-tempered Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 had attempted had lef t had been revising had probably f allen had finished had been planning Exercise 1 spontaneous insecure daring witt y tactful 1 self-centred, self-conscious, self-critical 2 good-natured 3 laid-back 4 short-tempered 5 strong-willed 6 level-headed 7 f air-minded 1 2 3 4 5 6 had loved had always star ted had done had put up had been receiving had correctly predicted had heard had been looking forward had snowed / had been snowing had gone of f 2.3 Listening Language Practice Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 had been living had known had been sneaking had sneaked had been sleeping had slept Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 2 REMEMBER BETTER Exercise 2 Exercise 4 3 C 4 B out with split with attracted in love with 2.4 Reading 1a 1b 2a 2b 3a 3b 1 C 2 A 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 1 Exercise 3 Task 2 A C B B C 2.2 Grammar Task 1 1 F 4 E 2 D 5 H 3 A 6 B Extra sentences: C, G Exercise 5 6 7 8 9 10 1.10 Skills Review Exercise 4 Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 8 Exercise 2 consciousness disruptive expelled struck brainy 1 B 2 A 3 C singing brainwave will scraped urge Exercise 1 Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 9 meet command skills user of 1 e 2 c Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 5 – (which/that) who/that , whose – (which/that) , which Exercise 5 1 Prince William Bridge, built in 2012, is the newest in the city. 2 There’s aJapanese death metal band playing at the club on Saturday. 3 Most of the buildings destroyed in the war have been rebuilt. 4 Pupils living in the hills have to walk several hours to get to school. 5 cannot be rewritten Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 who Ø that where which whose 2 Workbook answer key 2.6 Speaking Exercise 2 2 expected, the presentation was lengthy and tedious. 3 I look back on that day now, I always smile to myself. 4 of asudden we turned acorner and there she was. 5 of the blue acar appeared on the horizon. 6 turned out to be worth all the ef fort in the end. 7 soon as we lef t, it started snowing heavily. Exercise 3 1 1 2 4, 7 3 2, 5 4 3, 6 Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 place Just predictably Fortunately When unexpectedly enough Without Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 Ø 2 which 3 whose used to who/that for had which by even question summarising define anecdote develop personal think formal 1 2 3 4 5 4 B 5 B Exercise 2 laughter ease agreement imagination interest requirements painfully perfectly deeply highly/supremely supremely/highly Exercise 4 4 A 5 C Exercise 5 1 extremely 2 delighted 3 your book proposal has been accepted for publication 4 whose 5 loud and clear 6 Please find attached 7 return 8 to contact 9 Yours sincerely, Exercise 6 had f orgotten to lock a nasty habit of breaking down didn’t use to share a had been barking for ages was raised by my parents is always complaining about Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 didn’t use to af ter/when we had made gave us permission to leave had been planning the wedding you tell me where told me of f f or should avoid eating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 slum historic monument fast-flowing river bridge waterfront restaurant shopping centre breathtaking view canal market square Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Exercise 1 full intellectual hesitated crouched perceptive on within in within on in, in at within 1 2 3 4 5 6 glanced fell gazed swallowed grimaced short-tempered split up lif e and soul of the party self-centred at ease 4 B 5 A 6 C Exercise 4 had already started had been snowing had been working talked had known 5 6 7 8 c d h a g b i e Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 © Pearson Education Limited 13 on-street lanes zones cobbled rolling network Focus 4 Second Edition 1 1a In July people will be shopping there. 1b By Christmas, the centre will have been operating for six months. 2a At 11 p.m. the first horror film will have finished. 2b By midnight, the audience will be watching the second film./By midnight, the audience will have watched the second film. 2c By 4 a.m., the audience will have been sitting in the cinema f or eight hours. Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 will be living will have constructed will be designing will have been using will have become will be recycling Exercise 5 1 C 2 B 3 B 4 A 5 A 6 B 3.3 Listening Language Practice 2 3 4 5 6 7 Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 Exercise 3 Exercise 2 space nightlif e architecture square colours development 1 A 2 B 3 C ’ll have finished won’t have been will have started ’ll have been waiting will have been living ’ll be eating 1 of British people 2 any of their neighbours 3 residents of Springhill cohousing project 4 the southwest of England 5 housing development of thirty-five homes Exercise 4 Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 1 Exercise 3 Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 been self-conscious which/that love with Exercise 1 2.9 SELF-CHECK 1 2 3 4 5 the film had already started she hadn’t been listening had known had won I hadn’t been learning 3.1 Vocabulary 1 Having grown up 2 Spending 3 checking 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 2 Students’ own answers Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 5 interesting unforgettable insecure obsessed predictably Tasks 1–4 1 Having never had afemale f riend before, 2 Spending so much of their time together, 3 Having gained each other’s trust, 4 Being interested in the same things, on – in cycling – cycle at – on house – home historical – historic 1 ’ll be watching 2 ’ll have found out 2.10 Skills Review I had mistakenly returned thanked him nearly ayear later we had the best of f riends Exercise 6 Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 1 Exercise 10 Exercise 4 Exercise 5 1 B 2 C 3 A 1 2 3 4 5 4 C 5 C 3.2 Grammar Exercise 9 1 B followed by F 2 H followed by D 3 G followed by E Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 3 D 5 E 3 vivid let think reach wave Exercise 8 d–B a–C e–D c–A b–D B followed by F 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 1 C 2 B 3 A Exercise 8 4 B 5 A Exercise 7 Exercise 1 2.7 Use of English 1 C 2 D 3 A 1 B 2 C 3 C 2.8 Writing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Exercise 7 4 Ø 5 Ø Exercise 6 Exercise 2 Exercise 5 A 4 B 2 C 1 Exercise 8 affordable latest daily well-established neighbourly communal Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 well-established latest affordable sust ainable daily neighbourly Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 costly, extravagant, overpriced infrequent, irregular, occasional cold, hostile, unsociable temporary, damaging, wasteful Exercise 5 Students’ own answers 3 Workbook answer key Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 4 All priests – All the priests/All of the priests 5 either of babies – either of the babies 6 3 multi-storey housing residential second household self-contained domestic 3.6 Speaking 3.4 Reading Exercise 1 2 Exercise 2 1 D 2 A 3 E 4 B Exercise 3 1 F 2 T 3 F 4 F 5 F 6 T Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 staggering mortgage tight shrinking prioritise considerably Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 prioritise staggering tight minimally mortgage shrinking 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 wits hairy company tea second preach cool very little many A lot too much too many Exercise 2 1 A couple of 2 many of the people 5 none of the ink Exercise 3 B A C B 5 6 7 8 A C C A Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 there are several only children so you can borrow either of All (of) the people who attended Every student No animals Exercise 5 1 Most of caf és – Most cafés 2 some these – some of these 3 Each the puppies – Each of the puppies Likewise Another convincing drawbacks On balance, As far as I’m concerned, Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 either no none deal plenty Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 few every the others the whole another Exercise 8 1 2 3 4 5 home reliable running wild household 1 2 3 4 5 will have escaped the others will be living a couple of ideas either of them Exercise 10 Exercise 7 1 B 2 D 3 C Exercise 5 Although Even though in spite of Although despite Exercise 8 1a to start 1b had driven 2a feel 2b watching 3a to go 3b will be staying 4a being 4b are always talking 5a entering 5b departing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 though arguments Similarly Despite Likewise minus balance Personally Exercise 6 Exercise 1 3.9 SELF-CHECK 1 2 3 4 5 housing vibrant medieval bustling scenery Exercise 2 1 on 2 of 3 within 13 will/’ll have been working will/’ll be enjoying will/’ll have owned will/’ll be fitting will/’ll have arrived 1 Although this suggests that life in the city may be superior in some ways, there are definitely pros and cons to metropolitan living. 2 All things considered, despite the fact that cities can be lonely and dangerous places to live, I feel the benefits outweigh the drawbacks. 1 2 3 4 5 © Pearson Education Limited 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 9 4 F 5 A 6 D 1 other 2a whole 2b every/each 3 other’s 4 another 1a running 1b which 2a appliance 2b another 3a walking 3b use 4a who 4b roar 5a disappointed 5b neither Exercise 4 1 will have finished the housing development 2 in spite of reminding/in spite of having reminded 3 will be building the garage 4 will have been teaching children 5 a great deal of stuf f Exercise 6 4 B 5 D Focus 4 Second Edition 1 4 C 5 C Exercise 7 Equally further persuasive minuses considered Personally 1 E 2 B 3 C Exercise 3 Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 5 both whole each every others Exercise 1 urbanites urban rural shrunk disposable income enrich Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 4 1a every one of them 1b all the 2 both of them 3a The whole 3b every one of 4a the others 4b one of them 4c another one 5 all of them 3.5 Grammar 1 2 3 4 Exercise 2 No way! know what you mean could split/share guess What would you say if absolutely right If you agree I’ll why don’t we compromise that’s settled fully 1 C 2 B 3 A 1 2 3 4 5 Tick topics 2, 4, 5 and 7 Exercise 1 draught y damp fireplace fitted running en suite cramped snug inaccessible canvas Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 O A C O 3.7 Use of English Exercise 6 1 A 2 B 3 A Exercise 1 5 6 7 8 Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Exercise 3 3.8 Writing Exercise 3 O C A S 4 in 5 at permission healthy Others notifying equally 1 tested each other 2 look up to 3 stopped many tourists f rom flying 4 am/was wondering if flats are 5 which I f ound 6 practise what she preached joking half way settled choice convinced agree compromise saying 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 8 Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 5 cup on number/lot Another have 3.10 Skills Review Reading task 1 4 A 5 C Reading task 2 1 B 2 B 3 A Writing Task Students’ own answers 4.1 Vocabulary Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 bargain sales pick special charity quality last fashion vintage designer brand reduced Exercise 2 1 around 2 out 3 down 4 Workbook answer key 4 5 6 7 back up aside out Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 check up shop around look out for cut down on send it back impulse purchases chain store online shopping bargain prices ethical values local brands responsible attitude local brands chain stores online shopping impulse purchases bargain prices mass-produced products responsible attitude Exercise 6 1 B 2 C 3 C 4 C 5 A REMEMBER BETTER Students’ own answers Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 values/product s/goods down supporting mass-produced back impulse budget shop bargain yourself 4.2 Grammar Exercise 2 4 f 5 c 6 e Exercise 3 1a is 1b Will you? 2a weren’t 2b Were they? 3a will 3b Are they? 4a have 4b Aren’t you? 5a won’t 5b Can’t you? will shall did isn’t don’t didn’t isn’t 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 Given half a doesn’t stand the chance of alifetime Now’s your jumped at/took a one in amillion/a remote/a slim in with take market house propert y stall sale goods belongings 3 C 4 B 1 2 3 4 5 6 e g b f d c Australia they are carefully locked away their durability 6 months agricultural compost 58 billion pounds do you? would you? do you? will you? will we? shall we? was it? did it? had to go needn’t have spent afortune didn’t need to cancel didn’t need to bother needn’t have spent didn’t need to bother need to have didn’t have to walk shouldn’t have needn’t have ought not to propose didn’t need to Exercise 3 prefer but simply the best option why I’d opt for 4.7 Use of English Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 shred issuing compact manufactures switch sidestepped concealed from to from in to Exercise 2 1 probability; You are likely to save up to 90 percent if you buy atrain ticket in advance. 2 obligation; Job applicants are supposed to tell the truth in their CVs. Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 ought not to have worked ought to have had should not have lost touch should have let 1 is definitely the more suitable choice because 2 main reason why X would be my choice 3 is much more likely that 4 is clearly the least suitable option because 5 might be cheaper but I wouldn’t choose it because 6 isn’t the best choice if you consider 1 2 3 4 5 shred conceal switch issue compact manufacture sidestep Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2 3 4 5 Exercise 2 Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 3 make fundraise was held bid © Pearson Education Limited 13 Focus 4 Second Edition 1 4 B 5 B Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 obliged permit ted bound unlikely aren’t able to supposed 1 2 3 4 5 6 4.6 Speaking A&B B&C A&B A&B A&C B&C C 1 B 2 A 3 C Exercise 5 3 You’d better to avoid … 3 Visitors simply must to experience … 5 With our af fordable design ideas you needn’t to spend … 6 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 2 Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 Exercise 5 3 A 3 ability; Sorry, but I was unable to withdraw any money f rom the bank yesterday. 4 prohibition; Students are not allowed to dye their hair bright colours. Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 1 1 C 2 A should need to mustn’t ought not to Exercise 4 4.4 Reading 1 B 2 C short of money you’re broke make ends meet money to burn from hand to mouth are rolling in money to be loaded Exercise 1 Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 4.5 Grammar even slim million stand take jump lifetime half Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 A 6 B 7 B Exercise 5 Exercise 4 a b c d e f g A C B C Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 you he they you it we 1 d 2 a 3 b Exercise 8 Exercise 3 Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 4.3 Listening Language Practice 1 2 3 4 Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5 made 6 coming Exercise 1 Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5 B: Will they? Are they? 6 isn’t she? isn’t it? have been banned f rom wearing are only permitted to use succeed in hitting are required to report Be sure to visit are unable to board Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 C B B A 5 6 7 8 D B B A Exercise 7 1 your grandfather will have retired 2 needn’t have called 3 which makes my neighbours furious 4 aren’t I 5 should stop buying Exercise 8 1 2 3 4 5 did not manage to get will still be living was meant to be used to work a great/good deal of Exercise 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 have out spend/waste of fer where bit /little for will 4.8 Writing Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 begin summarising narrative tenses reaction happen reply Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 c f a b d e Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 took place approached accused reason with make mat ters worse humiliated decided to contact you and complain 8 ask that you investigate the matter 9 simply unfair to treat 10 look forward to you reply/ response 5 Workbook answer key Exercise 4 Exercise 8 Exercise 8 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 such so such a such an so had better not spend needn’t have paid ought to have gone are not allowed to park are bound to go Exercise 5 Exercise 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 accused us of such adisappointment The fact is urge you to We were so humiliated on behalf of Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 humiliating complaint approached to reason threatened investigate to discriminate response Exercise 7 1 The experience was so humiliating that we want to complain. 2 We received such terrible service that we won’t be coming back to your restaurant. 3 The waiters took such along time to bring the f ood that it was cold when it arrived. 4 It was so unfair that we were annoyed. / We were annoyed that it was so unfair. 4.9 SELF-CHECK Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 response – reputation up – out fly – flea correct key – chain Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 fortune broke support to shop burn Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 ends belongings impulse sale product s Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 Does he Is she hasn’t she will you didn’t he Exercise 5 1 didn’t need/have to hire 2 mustn’t use / can’t use 3 shouldn’t have kept / ought not to have kept 4 had to cancel 5 needn’t have brought Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 obliged certain banned unlikely succeeded Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 5 have myself out /much should had 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Tasks 1–4 Students’ own answers 5.1 Vocabulary manual badly-paid part-time, voluntary of fice well-paid full-time speak – g increase – a achieve – i enter – f reach – j put – d improve – h work – b do – e Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 put think speak achieve work do increase improving reaching 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 A C C B 5 A 6 A 7 C to be the month before had voted had been chosen might will to work used to do can’t mustn’t aren’t can be 1 2 3 4 5 punctual single-minded enthusiastic overworked conscientious purposeful 4 a 5 c leadership professions creative industries job titles tourist guide Exercise 4 a drop sharp constant rapid growing Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 © Pearson Education Limited 13 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 at hand in good stead phasing out bridge the gap between a thing of job-sharing flexitime part-timer counsellor career guidance thrive freelancer workplace workforce Exercise 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 be lacks found focus are has 5.5 Grammar Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 suggested pointed out explained replied Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 being to pay them to give that he would increase of wearing Exercise 3 Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 7 Exercise 2 has burned/burnt out put of f kept at mapped out get down to has been working towards has set out in – e of – a at – c between – b out – d Exercise 4 1 f 2 b 3 d 4 F 5 T 6 T Exercise 6 Exercise 1 Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 a b c d e f 4 B 5 C Exercise 5 5.3 Listening Language Practice Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 is you are he was look not to you loves to wait 1 him whether the company had filled 2 me if I had 3 us whether we had both applied 1 2 3 4 5 6 long hours from home outdoors hands abroad fired resigned in 3 &4 1 F 2 F 3 T Exercise 5 Exercise 4 Exercise 2 Exercise 4 1 the company had been attempting to target the youth market since the year before. 2 whether/if he could interview me there and then. 3 she gets areal sense of achievement from her job. 4 he might miss the meeting the following day. 5 to wait there. 6 not to forget to renew my passpor t the f ollowing month. 7 how long I had been campaigning for achange in the law. Exercise 2 2 Technology news 1 A 2 C 3 D was babysitting worked had lef t had been Exercise 3 Exercise 1 Exercise 1 Exercise 3 Exercise 2 4 B 5 D 4.10 Skills Review 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 B C A A C Exercise 1 Exercise 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 5.4 Reading 6 7 8 9 10 5.2 Grammar haven’t they needn’t have used banned from going another one ought to have bought 1 C 2 A 3 D A C B A C 1 The sergeant ordered his men not to shoot unless they were shot at. 2 I begged her not to contact my parents, but she ignored me and called my mum. 3 Even though we’ve been friends for years, they haven’t invited us/ me to their wedding. 4 Taylor apologised f or being so grumpy and explained that she was very tired. 5 I only had acouple of pounds, but thankfully the manager insisted on paying f or my taxi home. 6 Jasmine didn’t object to spicy food, as long as it wasn’t ridiculously hot. gradual decline marked increase unchanged sharp drop steady rise Focus 4 Second Edition 1 6 Workbook answer key Exercise 4 Exercise 5 Exercise 3 1 advised us not to work for f ree/ that we shouldn’t work for f ree 2 congratulated me on getting the job 3 urged her to visit us again the following month. 4 reminded them to count the money that night/that they should count the money that night. 5 admitted forgetting to place the order the day bef ore/that he had forgotten to place the order the day before. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 of taking to continue that the weather would be the forecast had caused an American supermarket chain for causing 6 he had missed 5.6 Speaking f a g e 5 c 6 b 7 d Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 I’ve no idea there’s aproblem with Have you tried make any difference doubt that will work , but let’s see 6 Why on Earth didn’t 7 are we supposed to do now Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 the matter / wrong with it should I know should’ve thought time you tried make any difference solved 5.7 Use of English Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 i d g e 5 6 7 8 Exercise 2 1b round to 1c on with 1d out of 2a looks up to 2b come up against 2c stand up for 2d make up f or Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 run-down warm-up downpour clean-out upbringing of f-putting letdown Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 dropped letdown came grew against outset down with Exercise 6 1 suggested that we (should) 2 should have read 3 warned me not to spend/warned me against spending 4 is likely to reply 5 tend to rise more slowly 6 each of them was Exercise 7 1 stopped receiving (such) expensive gift s in which they were the main must have told him used to look she had caught acold 2 3 4 5 f c a h 1 2 3 4 5 aspects discuss support examples opposing restate comment 4 a 5 d 6 c denied breaking the photocopier to have forgotten my CV reminded me to turn of f should have asked first in terms of motivation 4 A 5 C 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C D A B C output goals day mind heart news blogs reality TV drama series feeds series, media reality apps, blogs local, editorials clips, streaming share podcast Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 © Pearson Education Limited 13 1 2 3 4 5 tampered on with Pay closely close attention commercial gaining gain the catch-eye eye-catching story publishing alarmingly alarming stories c, ’ll a, would b, hadn’t d, doesn’t grow 1 2 3 4 5 6 provided/providing unless Unless Provided/Providing provided/providing unless Exercise 3 a 4 b 1 c 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 carry out burned/burnt out got down to put of f keep at Exercise 8 6.1 Vocabulary Exercise 2 Exercise 2 4 C 5 B Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 Exercise 1 1 A 2 C 3 A Students’ own answers 3 A Exercise 1 5.9 SELF-CHECK Exercise 7 Writing Task 1 A 2 C consider in terms of no doubt result in examine this issue While believe conclusion closely alarmingly remarkably critically knowingly 1 Suppose the Apollo moon landings had been f ake 2 Supposing I said I didn’t want to go to universit y 3 Imagine we didn’t have to go to school today 4 Imagine you had been born fif ty years ago 5 Imagine you could have any job Task 2 Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 2 4 D 5 A D C D A B critically knowingly remarkably closely deliberately Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 Task 1 choice (all are correct) results cause outcome Exercise 5 Exercise 1 Exercise 10 1 D 2 B 3 C information commitment source gain feeling story 6.2 Grammar tied up with grow out of find his niche lacks purpose get round to 5.10 Skills Review Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 4 B 5 A Exercise 9 Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 6 1 B 2 C 3 C Express certainty: Undoubtedly, Undeniably, Without doubt Describe consequences: … this could also lead to … , As aresult … , the outcome of (working less) … 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 1 insisted on preparing 2 suggested that we (should) wear 3 explained (that) they had been doing research 4 apologised for not being able to get 5 reminded me that they were decorating Exercise 8 Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 5 Exercise 7 Exercise 1 1 g 2 b 3 f 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 Manipulating face accuracy evaluate facts instincts/intuition Exercise 4 1 how long I had been looking f or 2 he was flying to Canada the following day 3 not to ask her 4 would have to buy 5 whether/if I was going to commute 1 A 2 C 3 B unwilling dif ference visitor enthusiastic adds 5.8 Writing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5 6 7 8 9 10 overworked conscientious single-minded punctual knowledgeable Exercise 4 Exercise 8 Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 told lots/plenty/loads must fancy to out another why misinform agenda fake tamper Focus 4 Second Edition 1 d 2 e 5 Exercise 5 1 Should I not return 2 Was/Were Helen not so two-faced 3 Had the announcement not been so ill-timed 4 Should you see Meredith 5 Were/Was it not summer Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 Unless Had provided were Imagine would 7 Workbook answer key 6.3 Listening Language Practice Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 for on/about through on/for about about through about Exercise 1 1 b 2 a 1 a/c 2 b/d 3 b/c to stay remain using to remain writing to achieve to raise 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 2 1 (a) well-informed and educated (citizen) 2 exposed to / bombarded with 3 frightening or alarming information 4 live recordings 5 stress and anxiety 6 once or twice daily/a day 7 progress and solutions Exercise 3 4 a 5 g 6 c Exercise 4 well-informed, 24-hour, hard-wired, ever-increasing, longterm 1 2 3 4 5 6 high-speed lef t-handed self-service half-price low-calorie slow-moving 2 one obvious disadvantage is that 3 quite important, I think, because 4 well as reducing their energy consumption, other things include 5 I don’t have astrong opinion about B 2 C 5 D 3 E 4 Exercise 5 explain argued Regrettably firmly Obviously significant advantage suppose Exercise 6 6.7 Use of English 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Exercise 1 dates become trigger shake made has gaining Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 snaps focus sharp blurred lens zoom 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 to call me/that he would call me will you if who/that had started D A D B director influences plot characters opinion summarise recommendations 5 6 7 8 MP MP I I/C 3 D 4 B Exercise 5 13 predictable opening recommend twists influenced well-reviewed explores performances shot Focus 4 Second Edition 1 would wouldn’t know if would have read Had we Exercise 7 Exercise 4 © Pearson Education Limited 1 wouldn’t have stayed late if her boss hadn’t been angry 2 had asmartphone, she could have 3 I weren’t/wasn’t busy, I would have sent you 4 hadn’t studied acting, he wouldn’t be 5 would have gone to the party if we weren’t 1 2 3 4 5 1 It is about TV shows. 2 Write areview of ashow you think everyone should watch. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 4 B 5 A Exercise 6 Exercise 3 advised editor blow sky broad 4 a 5 b Exercise 5 unless I am absolutely sure are bound to discover would not have sold well if congratulated Sarah on winning should have checked 1 C 2 A 1 d 2 f 3 c 1 C 2 A 3 C much such in Had can told Unless C MP I C manipulate feeling look into evaluate strong Exercise 4 Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 4 C 5 A Exercise 3 5 C 6 B 7 C 6.8 Writing 1 2 3 4 Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 1 B 2 A 3 C Exercise 2 weatherproof check casual af fairs sea concerned drama Set plot soundtrack cast conclude scenes enough Exercise 1 Exercise 9 Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 3 U 4 W Exercise 7 6.9 SELF-CHECK Exercise 8 Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 foreign af fairs non-stop far-fetched make-up tongue-tied on-air unforgettable far-fetched gripping predictable nostalgic terrif ying well-reviewed Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 Frankly Sadly Clearly Regrettably 1 R 2 W 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 7 Exercise 2 6.4 Reading Exercise 5 she wouldn’t have met Stewart had turned you wouldn’t be I had passed he didn’t have she wouldn’t have spent 6.6 Speaking 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 user-friendly 24-hour high-quality snow-white state-of-the-art mouth-watering Exercise 5 Exercise 5 underlying remain commit raise make strong e b d is not used) liked had kept would have would have lef t 1 a wouldn’t look b hadn’t been airbrushed 2 a was/were b would’ve applied 3 a wouldn’t have driven b wasn’t/ weren’t 4 a would have b hadn’t had 5 a would be b hadn’t forgotten Exercise 4 1 2 3 (f 4 a/d 5 a/c Exercise 4 1a fairness 1b f air 2a equal 2b equality 3a anonymous 3b anonymity 4a loyal 4b loyalty 5a mystery 5b mysterious Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 company car – car company 2 thirteen-years-old – thirteenyear-old 3 state-of-the-play – state-of-theart 4 correct 5 broken – breaking 6 correct 7 kindly-hearted – kind-hearted Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 Exercise 3 Exercise 4 3 d 4 c Exercise 2 Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 pose crop retouch airbrush 6.5 Grammar Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 made-up lived advised crack-down News Exercise 8 1 2 3 4 5 providing alarmingly has changed were going through would have helped/would help Exercise 9 1 2 3 4 5 deliberately popularity breaking commitment had read Exercise 10 1 2 3 4 5 Suppose she had not told us would not be sitting would never have employed him were you not honest with has ahabit of lying to people 8 Workbook answer key 6.10 Skills Review Tasks 1–4 Students’ own answers 7.1 Vocabulary Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 astronomy botanical Biological chemist mathematician Physics 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 3 4 a 5 b 6 c Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 have an aptitude for named after credited with exper t in refers to collaborate with 4 f 5 b 6 e Exercise 8 C B A A C 6 7 8 9 10 B C A B C 7.2 Grammar Exercise 1 1 are created using a3D printer. 2 is being designed by Lodge Computers. 3 was being used to solve avariety of problems. 4 has been completed by fif ty percent of the students. 5 will be delivered within 48 hours. Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 be have been was were to be being Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 B C C A 5 6 7 8 B C A B Exercise 2 a basic b top-of-the-range was approaching have been had been have been being be had have been break behind reverse circles winding eight-lane dealership licence run Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 driving in circles behind the wheel diving licence the school run car dealership winding country roads breaking the speed limit Eight-lane motorways reverse parking Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 mid-range premium custom-made branded own brand cutting-edge user-friendly depression infection allergy immune system autism diabetes asthma Exercise 6 5 People are said to be – There are said to be 6 is believed to passing – is believed to be passing 7.6 Speaking Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 with What follow meant lost underst and mean precisely pretty saying Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 S C S C S 6 7 8 9 10 U S C C U Exercise 4 1 B C 1 2 I’m not sure I follow you Yes, that’s exactly it C B Exercise 2 A B C D 3 4 5 6 What I meant was Are you saying That’s not quite what I meant I’m not with you D B C A Exercise 3 Exercise 5 7.5 Grammar A that’s pretty much it B I’m af raid you’ve lost me there C If I understand correctly, you mean D in other words 7 D 8 A 9 B 10 C 1 2 3 4 5 6 wind (me) up go in for bring in talk (me) into comes out throw in Exercise 1 7.7 Use of English 7.4 Reading Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Exercise 4 atom nucleus electrons radioactivity equation relativity velocity calculation 1 c 2 d 3 a Exercise 3 7.3 Listening Language Practice 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 RELATIVIT Y EQUATION ELEMENT ATOM NUCLEUS CALCULATION ELECTRON RADIOACTIVITY Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 is being bought is going to be given has been promised was of fered to Brian had been taught Exercise 3 Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 6 People who cannot drive, for example children and older people. Thanks to driverless cars they would be able to drive themselves to school or other appointments. Parents would have more time too, as they wouldn’t have to drive their kids to school in the morning. 7 Legal issues related to security, privacy and safety. being told to be sent to be treated being taken over being asked to be beaten Exercise 5 recognised won saw gained coined awarded received 1 e 2 d 3 f 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 4 Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Exercise 3 user-friendly premium mid-range cutting-edge own brand custom-made 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 1 A B C D E F Safety Parking Free time Traf fic Environment Freedom medicinal response advisable regulations harmf ul benefit digestive felt think believe agreed expect There It It There It Exercise 3 Exercise 2 1 Drunk driving, speeding/ breaking the speed limit, reckless driving, racing, falling asleep, losing concentration, sending text messages when driving. 2 Mobile phones/smart phone technology. 3 Reading, watching films, chatting with family and friends. 4 Driverless cars could travel in convoys with very little space between them and without unnecessary braking, which would mean less congestion. 5 Because congestion issues would be solved, less green spaces would have to be destroyed to build new motorways. © Pearson Education Limited 13 1 2 3 4 It is thought that There is believed to be It was agreed by am expected not to be Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 are known to have woken are not believed to have been there are understood to be is considered to be it is thought that are caused by It’s also said that Exercise 5 1 has not – is not 2 companies thought – companies are thought 3 There was known – There were known 4 was understood that have – was understood to have Focus 4 Second Edition 1 Exercise 1 1 C 2 B 3 B 4 A 5 C 6 C Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 practising practice breathe af fecting advise breath ef fect Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 economic historic conscious occasion continual Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 Currently complements Eventually compliment fantastic possibly Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 economical dependent lately advice sight 9 Workbook answer key Exercise 6 Exercise 8 Exercise 9 Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 He picked up abrochure about acave. ‘You should visit it,’ suggested the owner, who knew the island well. ‘What isthere to see?’ asked Robbie. ‘There are strange wall paintings and some writing inalanguage no one understands,’ he replied. ‘Wow!’ said Robbie. Suddenly, he was interested. He was studying ancient languages atuniversity and was excited bythe idea of the mysterious writing. He decided to go thenext day. 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 lately ensure reality movements disadvant age reduction undeniably unlikely Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 has been given to are meeting Paula unless he had made the following week they/the students would learn 5 ought to have paid 6 is believed to have been Exercise 8 1 2 3 4 B B B A 5 6 7 8 D D A A Exercise 9 1 won’t have graduated f rom university 2 I would definitely have looked for/I would have definitely looked for 3 blamed her mother for leaking 4 the people (who/that) you work 5 wanted to know if/whether students 6 were made to hand over 7.8 Writing Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 E B M E 5 M 6 M 7 B Early in the morning, Robbie set of f. Af ter hiking up amountain, he eventually f ound the entrance to the cave. As he approached, he saw ayoung woman there. ‘Hi. Have you been inside yet?’ he asked her. ‘Why are you here?’ she snapped. Robbie was shocked. ‘Err … umm … I just want to see the cave,’ he said. ‘Go away!’ she yelled at him. ‘This is my home and I have come back af ter many centuries,’ she continued. 7.9 SELF-CHECK Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 named with coined received in Exercise 2 Scary/Full of suspense with ahumorous ending 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 3 Exercise 3 Exercise 2 7 3 5 6 4 1 Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 unlocked had never come across didn’t make were looking hadn’t been working couldn’t would Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 was shining opened weren’t watching had been walking appeared Was it hiding didn’t panic hadn’t seen Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 whispered screamed yelling sobbing snapped sighed giggling Exercise 7 B, D, A, C 4 C 5 A 6 B 1 2 3 4 5 contribution reference molecular collaborate aptitude threw in come out go in for bring in talked into Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 being shown to be encouraged was known to have written are estimated to be studying It could be argued that Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 being forced have been charged had been sent to be installed being criticised 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 7 4 B 5 C Exercise 8 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 is said to have designed are sold to the employees not to be informed can’t stand being controlled advisable to establish 7.10 Skills Review Task 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (star t to) feel inadequate (simple) social actions higher fees way to identif y suspicious accounts have not been enhanced/filtered small slice of real life likes and followers Deactivating your social media accounts 1 Some possible consequences of spending too much time on photo sharing apps are poor mental health, bullying, lack of sleep and depression. 2 The writer is not surprised that we see things online that are not true because we live in aworld of fake news and distorted truths. 3 You can increase the number of likes you get by subscribing to afree service where you complete asocial action in exchange for likes. 4 Influencers get paid in relation to how many followers they have, so may pay afee in order to get more. 5 Having alot of letters and numbers in your username suggests the account could be fake. 6 People use the ‘no filter’ hashtag because most images you see online are enhanced in some way. 7 The article gives the example of only showing asmall section of aroom, or acarefully selected part of aview to highlight that things are not always what they seem. 8 Experts would like the number of followers and likes to be made private or deactivated, as well as asign when an image has been airbrushed. Students’ own answers was thought that is said to have had were estimated to be is claimed to cause is known to have revolutionised 1 B 2 D 3 A Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 Writing Task Exercise 6 was expected not to reveal is it being held are known to be applying can’t stand being reminded was talked into buying © Pearson Education Limited 13 biodegradable contamination food chain irreparable damage eco-warriors Exercise 10 Task 2 Exercise 9 1 B 2 C 3 A regulate beneficial harmf ul privacy technological 8.1 Vocabulary Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 global warming climate change water shortages endangered species renewable energy solar panels recycling bins Exercise 2 1 D 2 A 3 C 4 E 5 B Focus 4 Second Edition 1 stream plain built-up area orchard foothill meadow Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 built-up area orchard meadow ditch ploughed field stream plain Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 Natural habitat Migration Breeding grounds hatch extinction thriving populations Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 breeding captivit y extinction hatch on migration natural thriving Exercise 8 1 2 3 4 5 C A A B C 6 7 8 9 10 B C C B A 8.2 Grammar Exercise 1 1 were/was 2 wouldn’t upload/hadn’t uploaded 3 didn’t 4 would buy/had bought Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 didn’t are didn’t is has Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 drove (instead of me) I had set you bought your girlfriend had learned/learnt to swim not sit Exercise 4 1 had been able to go on holiday/ could have gone on holiday 2 had lived in abig city 3 didn’t live alone 4 weren’t/wasn’t so tired Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 invested could made / could make had spent had begun 10 Workbook answer key Exercise 6 Exercise 6 1 you remembered had remembered to lock 2 highly high time 3 I wish I would could remember 4 I’d rather of have stayed 5 I wish it is was/were Christmas 6 If only you had liked liked seaweed 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8.3 Listening Language Practice 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 natural campaigner powerful shocking playf ul extremely dependent childhood aggressive mindlessly out of closed enquiring back fresh on lose fresh Enquiring on out of closed 1 f 2 b 3 c 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2 Extinction Exercise 2 6 7 8 9 C D A B 5 6 7 8 F T F T Exercise 3 F T F T Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 widespread partial enormous severe revealed herbivore shrink ancient Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 eventual widespread severe minuscule carnivore partial shrink ancient revealed Exercise 5 4 C 5 B 6 A contact involved notes forget invite 1 You may be wondering why I’ve chosen to talk about – d 2 We are probably all f amiliar with –a © Pearson Education Limited 13 Exercise 1 Exercise 2 1 2 2 4&5 3 3 irregular impossible unable disagree disbelieve irresponsible illiterate inaccurate unconscious immature 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 disallow multi-coloured misbehave underpaid pro-democracy/pro-democratic overwork anti-nuclear pre-election hypersensitive imperfect disobedient rewritten misunderstood pre-installed imperfection multilingual anti-acne underfeeding irrelevant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 such Having despite Being so in Without Although Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 That said, While nevert heless actually Having said this, yet even so Exercise 7 Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Exercise 4 Exercise 6 overturn rebuild Renewable subst andard irreparable endangered 4 C 5 B 1 A 2 C 3 C a of no lead so even though 1 There is such aserious water shortage that 2 even though it is abreeding ground for turtles 3 global warming leads to climate change 4 in spite of asevere drought / in spite of the f act that there was asevere drought 5 The result of the decision is that 6 Without adoubt, new laws 7 As aconsequence, half the village was destroyed irresponsibly unmarried undercook disabled unwilling misinformation Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 I am contacting you / Writing to you newspaper would like to point out Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 actually whereas yet That said nevert heless 8.9 SELF-CHECK would rather you did not/didn’t if I had not/hadn’t worked they did was study will have started is thought to have been only did we stay Exercise 8 Exercise 3 8.8 Writing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 2 can’t stand being criticised should have complained to unless everyone stops dropping both are thought to be wish we had not/hadn’t lived insisted on taking me Exercise 1 Exercise 7 8.6 Speaking 1 2 3 4 5 6 8.7 Use of English Exercise 4 1 It was adocumentary about aman snowboarding on an iceberg that distracted him. 2 What the film crew did was fly out to the North Atlantic by helicopter. 3 What happened was they dropped the man onto the top of the huge iceberg. 4 All the man did was ride down it for about half aminute, but the shots were amazing. 5 Never (before) had Ryan seen anyone snowboarding in such an unusual place. 6 What he found most impressive was the ef fort that the whole team went to. 1 2 3 4 5 5 D 6 B Exercise 9 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 happened was have I It’s is that we are he did was have the temperatures do you 1 C 2 A 3 B 4 E 5 B Exercise 3 Exercise 4 Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 4 e 5 a Exercise 3 resemblance misconception undoubtedly Competition undervalued reputable adolescent C A B D D overboard tale ascent poverty note conditions injuries storm agony Exercise 2 8.4 Reading 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 7 1 If you don’t do any Exercise at all, I’m not surprised you f eel unwell so of ten. 2 I’m sorry I was so rude to you. I’ve had adif ficult day. 3 The question is, are you going to do it again? 4 I don’t know why on ear th you didn’t call me first to check. 5 I am absolutely convinced she is telling the truth. Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Beginning 2 D 3 C Ending 2 E 3 C 4 F Exercise 1 Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 4 8.5 Grammar Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 You might not know that – e 4 That’s all from me – b 5 If anyone has any questions, please feel free to ask now. – c hurricane wildfires bliz zards earthquake tsunami gale-force winds avalanche have lots/plent y which/that used each What to in Focus 4 Second Edition 1 Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 contamination orchards irreparable single-use chain Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 ploughed fields thriving population built-up areas extreme hunger breeding ground Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 gale-force overboard captivit y injuries wild 11 Workbook answer key Exercise 4 Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 curly-haired fair-minded level-headed nut-brown self-obsessed thin-lipped well-behaved stopped hadn’t thrown out planted hadn’t sold had installed Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 any no Not Never All What There It If Not 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 would rather could What Not only Never Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 5 unusually hypersensitive irresponsibly improbable incapable Exercise 8 1 B 2 D 3 A 4 C 5 B Exercise 9 1 2 3 4 5 only have high only that Exercise 10 1 2 3 4 5 What Mark needs to do wish we had preserved ‘d/would rather you thought only we could join you (before) have we dumped 8.10 Skills Review Tasks 1–4 Students’ own answers VOCABULARY BANK: EXERCISES PEOPLE Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 upbringing memory elderly background second-hand blood-red frills tea jack master soul passionate B D C D C 1 T 2 F – No, if you hesitate, you wait before you do something. 3 F – No, you sob when you are sad. 4 F – No, when you peep, you look at someone/something in secret. 5 T 6 F – No, when you whisper, your voice is low and quiet. 7 F – No, you hold it tightly when you grip. 8 F – No, yelling is like shouting. 9 T 10 F – No, you giggle when something is funny. 11 T 12 T 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 spotless run-down lock wood burner cleaning solutions running water clutter solar panels 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 B A B D B 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 A C B D c l a b f i 5 6 7 8 e g a h pay at tention deepen my knowledge handed in my homework scrape through final exams keep up with the rest of the class kindergarten pre-schoolers graduate drop out © Pearson Education Limited 13 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7 8 9 10 11 d j k g e fulfilling a trainee commute job-sharing volunteer overworked pressure workplace benefits on down up up of f up out down out up company, interest host undivided hang, welcome chance, common love at first sight fancied fell for long-distance relationship drif t apart proposed have ababy firstborn FOOD Exercise 1 1 F – No, they contain high levels of protein. 2 T 3 F – No, you should put it in the bin. It ’s dangerous to eat. Focus 4 Second Edition 1 5 6 7 8 g f a e af ford burn opened, save wasting made living meet transfer Exercise 3 Exercise 3 Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 in the field novelist suited basis position part-time experience deadline interview references Exercise 2 5 6 7 8 Exercise 2 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 c h i b Exercise 2 Exercise 1 Down 2 fireplace 3 basement 4 bustling 6 cramped 8 suburbs Across 5 fence 7 furnished 9 cobbled 10 shabby i d f b 1 2 3 4 FAMILY AND SOCIAL LIFE Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 Exercise 1 Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Exercise 1 A D B B SHOPPING AND SERVICES Exercise 3 HOME Exercise 1 Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 Exercise 1 SCHOOL confidence head laughter shoulders brains zone centre edge gets top marks swot for messed up go on to lenient with a fee WORK Exercise 3 Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 firmly clearly unaware imagination feeling risky daring astonishment hairy Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 4 F – No, they choose their food caref ully and don’t like to try new things. 5 T 6 T 7 T 8 F – No, mouth-watering food is delicious. 9 F – No, it is incredibly dangerous. You can get f ood poisoning. fees scholarship swot major dissertation supervisor degree Exercise 4 Exercise 5 Exercise 6 1 2 3 4 5 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 earnings reductions exchange limited affordable behaviour economical financial TRAVELLING AND TOURISM Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 company facilities camp campsite destinations coast path directions Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 embark famed guided historic cultural tourist sunbed pict uresque Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 of f on at around/back at out on within in CULTURE Exercise 1 mislead the people out of focus crop images morning show double-check facts print-based media news anchor take astory at face value Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 A B A C D 6 B 7 A 8 D 12 Workbook answer key Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 THE NATURAL WORLD audiences success spoilers scene plot darker twists and turns gripping villain soundtrack nostalgic Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 Exercise 1 1 T 2 F – No, araf t is asmall boat, usually used in rivers. 3 F – No, they always happen af ter the match. 4 F – No, you do awarm-up before the match. HEALTH Exercise 1 c g f h 5 6 7 8 a e d b Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 habit sunscreen nasty balance addiction harmf ul check 1 T 2 F – No, these winds are strong and can cause damage. 3 F – No, it will be coming ver y soon. 4 T 5 F – No, this is ablizzard and there is so much snow that it’s hard to see. 6 F – No, an earthquake causes the ground to shake. 7 T 8 F – No, it means there is alack of water because it has not rained. figures awareness peacef ul members charity leaflets commitment identities 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 invention decompose examinations radioactivity advancement s applied recognition contribution 5 6 7 8 1 Are food prices going up at the moment? 2 Have you ever cut your finger preparing food? 3 How of ten do you cook ameal for the f amily? 4 How long have you been going to this school? 5 How long have you known your best f riend? Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 think, tastes, don’t like bakes, ’s probably making doesn’t see, love are you looking, Have you lost ’ve been doing, smells 4 b 5 a 6 e 1 2 3 4 A B A A 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 Cape Town Beefeaters Ada Lovelace Bilbo Baggins © Pearson Education Limited 13 1 2 3 4 5 f i d b g 1 2 3 4 5 came, locked had lef t were talking was riding Had he ever coached were watching reached had climbed was shining pulled Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 scored were watching hadn’t brought had never beaten had made was training Focus 4 Second Edition 1 6 7 8 9 c e a h Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 will have lef t will make are returning Shall You’re going to have arrives Will they have finished won’t be working Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 C B A B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 was already scoring – had already scored 2 Had you remembered – Did you remember 3 was throwing – threw 4 were forget ting– had forgotten 5 didn’t listen – weren’t listening 6 Had you watched – Were you watching Exercise 4 Exercise 1 Exercise 4 haven’t seen thinks, hasn’t made has been Reading prefer is taking has written Exercise 4 A B B A Future tenses – review 1 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 2 F – No, It is an island in the US. F – No, they are both in England. F – No, they are f rom Liverpool. F – No, Notting Hill is known for being well-of f. T F – No, it’s in New Zealand. T T was studying scored had won was looking forward to liked had been didn’t understand Exercise 5 Exercise 1 Exercise 3 a d f h Exercise 2 Exercise 1 1 c 2 f 3 d 5 6 7 8 1 I didn’t know how to make acake when I was ten. 2 Was it raining when you were going to school? 3 By the time we arrived at the party, everyone had already lef t. 4 We were talking about her when she called. 5 She had never felt so happy before she met him. Past tenses – review f b i h Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise 6 1a ’ve never heard 1b see 1c eat 2a are you doing 2b ’m making 2c Do you think 2d have you been boiling 2e think CULTURE OF ENGLISHSPEAKING COUNTRIES 5 6 7 8 sat-nav image store locate unplug switch range battery take parts Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 Exercise 2 g c a d Present tenses – review 1 Do you run? – Have you been running? 2 became – ’ve become 3 hasn’t cooked – doesn’t cook 4 don’t work – aren’t working 5 ’re waiting – ’ve been waiting increase up producers growing political industry Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Exercise 4 Exercise 2 Exercise 1 b g i c impact emissions fur Plastic sust ainable tank alternative turbines Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The Ceremony of the Keys Stranger Things Marie Curie Ronald Reagan FOCUS 3 Grammar REVIEW Exercise 1 Across 4 diabetes 6 asthma 7 obesit y 8 disability 9 coma 11 unconscious Down 1 blind 2 depression 3 deaf 5 threatening 10 rash 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 D C B A STATE AND SOCIETY Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5 6 7 8 Exercise 2 SPORT 1 2 3 4 B C A B 5 6 7 8 5 6 7 8 A C B C will be waiting will have started will be sitting will have eaten will be doing will have finished will have arrived Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 will be sailing does … start are going to go am having will answer Shall … bring won’t have moved will drive Exercise 6 1 is going to win 2 will ever live 3 are going to have 4 starts 5 am going 6. will be studying 7 pay 8 will have read Exercise 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 when I go will have started until you speak are having a/their par ty will be playing as soon as you cook are you going to do unless you want 13 Workbook answer key First, Second and Third conditionals, wish and if only Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 would’ve bought ’ll never remember saw ’d known sit wouldn’t behave Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 She might be in her room. She can’t be that old. He may not have received it yet. You must have lef t it at home. You can’t be serious. You might not want to hear this. They could have overheard what we said. Reported speech Exercise 2 Exercise 1 1 I wish/If only I could read music. 2 I wish/If only my sister would help around the house. 3 I wish/If only my dad didn’t have to work long hours. 4 I wish/If only my sister would let me use her laptop. 5 I wish/If only my brother weren’t/ wasn’t annoying. 6 I wish/If only my mum wouldn’t embarrass me in f ront of visitors. 1 2 3 4 Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 mum wouldn’t make I had my girlf riend would call there was/were I wasn’t/weren’t Kerry wouldn’t tap Exercise 4 1 could, ’d choose 2 loved 3 ’d never have been able, hadn’t lent 4 could 5 don’t give, gets/will get 6 were, would you accept 7 had Exercise 5 1 If I knew Arabic, I’d talk to him. 2 If only I knew how to help her. 3 If the weather in Poland had been better last year, we wouldn’t have gone abroad on holiday. 4 Will you ask her to dance if she comes to your party tomorrow? 5 He wishes his sister wouldn’t come to his room all the time. 6 She wouldn’t be late every day if she lived closer. Modal verbs for speculation Exercise 1 1 2 3 4 must be may/might not have understood can’t/couldn’t have imagined must have been Exercise 2 1 Human beings may visit the Moon again one day. 2 There must be life somewhere else in the universe. 3 Life could/might/may have arrived on Earth when an asteroid crashed into the planet. 4 We might not have landed on the Moon in 1969. Exercise 3 1 must/might /may/could have missed might/may/could have got can’t be might/may/could arrive might/may not even have posted can’t/couldn’t have lef t 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 can’t/couldn’t have approached must be may/might /could have been may/might/could continue these, Do started, ago, will, me My, love, have, is, are is, Don’t 1 the manager would be there the following/next day if I could come back then 2 the advertising executives were arriving that night 3 he had seen the new advert on TV for the first time that day 4 they were going to open the new branch of their cof fee shop the following/next week 5 she was sorry, but my doctor’s appointment f or that day had been cancelled 6 she couldn’t promise anything right then Exercise 3 1 to taste the drink and then describe the flavour 2 if/whether I would like to try their service for f ree f or amonth 3 to contact them and let them know what I thought 4 if/whether I had ever thought of trying adif ferent brand of lipstick 5 not to forget to take one pill before breakfast and the other one bef ore bed 6 who was going to pay f or the damage to her computer Exercise 4 1 if/whether he was from that part of town 2 if/whether I liked going to the cinema 3 not to play in the kitchen 4 (that) I/we needed to get the assignment back to him by 4 p.m. the following/next day 5 to pick her up some of her special toothpaste f rom the chemist ’s 6 (that) he had never bought anything because of an advertisement 7 if/whether my/our sister was going to visit us that weekend 8 if/whether I would be so kind as to show her that photo Passive forms; have something done Exercise 1 5 6 7 8 Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 has just been stolen won’t be built were being cleaned hasn’t been repaired are being printed were they told are ordered was this film directed Exercise 4 Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 2 In 1811 in Britain, nearly aquarter of all girls were named Mary. 3 More tea is drunk by people in the UK than in any other country. 4 The Statue of Liberty was built in France. won’t be asked was told (by his teacher) was added was sent to America (by my parents) am being met (by my American friend) will always be remembered was found, were being painted are going to be posted Exercise 2 1 Every year in the USA, around 60,000 teenagers are sent to prison. © Pearson Education Limited 13 1 2 3 4 5 6 had your phone fixed yet doesn’t have his hair cut didn’t have her teeth whitened has her toenails painted is having the tattoo removed had her hair cut Exercise 5 1 When did you last have your eyes tested? 2 Will you ever have your hair coloured? 3 Are you going to have your bedroom redecorated? 4 Have you had your ears pierced? 5 When did you last have apasspor t photo taken? 1 a place ➜ the place 2 the famous actor ➜ af amous actor 3 a lunch ➜ lunch 4 the pound coin ➜ apound coin 5 Swimming pool ➜ The swimming pool 6 only music ➜ the only music Exercise 2 7 8 9 10 11 12 a the the a the Ø Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 the a Ø a 5 the 6 the, Ø 7 the GRAMMAR: Train and Try Again Unit 1 Exercise 1 1 they used to take her to the local park every Sunday afternoon 2 would never/wouldn’t allow her children to stay up late during the week 3 use to enjoy going to school when you were younger 4 enables us to take part in IT competitions for schools 5 is always chewing gum in class 6 me forget to call the vet 7 force him to tell the truth 8 advised Ms Dodgson to start anew hobby Exercise 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 came/would come was always sit ting to get was eating realised eating to share Focus 4 Second Edition 1 Exercise 3 1 was used to study – used to study 2 used to study – studied 3 af ford buy – af ford to buy 4 stopped calling – stopped to call, to discuss – discussing 5 used – use 6 forgot – had forgotten 7 would forget – forgot, will – would 8 be stopped – have stopped Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 do you get, would, had to, flew, would be, longest, the, a, thrown, fly Exercise 5 Students’ own answers Exercise 1 Exercise 1 Ø a an a a an chewing/to chew was eating found will give to open to pull promising would give had already begun to say not to help Unit 2 Articles 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 had been had not/never which which/that whose Exercise 2 1 has never come – had never come was trying – had been trying what – which stopping – who/that stopped used to live – lived bringing up – brought up/who are brought up 7 passing – to pass 2 3 4 5 6 Exercise 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 stop had been planning turned up that were unable to decided not to which impressed attacked them to have Exercise 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 been had who/that which always use would Exercise 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 had been waiting had invited me to (that) my sister is married which really annoyed will never forget meeting we stopped to buy are always complaining about Exercise 6 Students’ own answers 14