Proprioception, otherwise known as kinesthesia, is your body's ability to sense movement, action, and
location. Proprioception is the sense of body position that is perceived both at the conscious and
unconscious levels through muscle spindle stretch receptor and Golgi tendon organ. Proprioception
encompasses three aspects, known as the 'ABC of proprioception'. These are: agility, balance and
coordination.
Conscious and unconscious proprioception are two components of proprioception. Conscious
proprioception pathway runs to the cerebrum; thalamus and cerebral cortex, enabling us to sense the
position of a limb. On the other hand, unconscious proprioception pathway runs to the cerebellum,
enabling us to walk and perform other complex actions without thinking about which joints to flex or
extend.
Three most common incomplete SCI: CCS, ACS and BSS
Tenderness is pain elicited on palpation
The thoracic ganglia are paravertebral ganglia. The thoracic portion of the sympathetic trunk typically
has 12 thoracic ganglia. Emerging from the ganglia are thoracic splanchnic nerves (the cardiopulmonary,
the greater, lesser, and least splanchnic nerves) that help provide sympathetic innervation to thoracic
and abdominal structures
In a healthy adult, the serum CK level varies with a number of factors (gender, race and activity), but
normal range is 22 to 198 U/L (units per liter).
TSH levels typically fall between 0.4 and 4.0 milliunits per liter (mU/L)
The two main hormones your thyroid releases — thyroxine (T4) and tri-iodothyronine (T3) — collectively
make up thyroid hormone