POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES College of Accountancy and Finance HOME OFFICE, BRANCH AND AGENCY ACCCOUNTING AGENCY Agencies are established to display merchandise and to take customers’ order but they don’t stock merchandise to fill their orders or to pass on customers’ credit. Agencies are given only samples of merchandise to display. Agencies are not required to have a complete accounting system. They keep only records of cash receipts and disbursements. Proforma Entries: No Transactions 1 Establishment of Working Fund 2 Shipment of Samples 3 Receipts of orders from customers 4 Cost of sales associates with agency sales 5 Replenishment of Working Fund 6 Adjustment of Samples 7 Payment of agency expenses by home office 8 Closing of Revenues and Expense 9 Closing of Agency Income to Retained Earnings Home Office Books Working Fund – Agency xxx Cash xxx Samples – Agency xxx Shipment to Agency xxx Accounts Receivable xxx Sales – Agency xxx Cost of Sales xxx Shipment to Agency xxx Expenses - Agency xxx Cash xxx Expenses – Agency xxx Samples – Agency xxx Expenses – Agency xxx Cash xxx Sales – Agency xxx Cost of Sales – Agency xxx Expenses – Agency xxx Agency Income xxx Agency Income xxx Retained Earnings xxx PROBLEM 1 PUP Company put up an agency in Sta. Mesa and had the following transactions with Sta. Mesa agency for the month of January: • PUP Company transferred merchandise to Sta. Mesa agency to be used as samples - P13,000 and P10,000 as working fund. • Receipts of sales order from the agency – P130,000. • Collection of agency accounts by the home office – P91,000. • PUP Company paid P11,700 for agency expenses. • Replenishment of the agency working fund upon receipt of expense vouchers – P6,850. • Cost of goods sold identified with the agency sales – P93,000. • Appraised value of the samples at the end of the month is estimated to be P8,000. Determine the following: a. Net Income (Loss) of the agency b. Entries to record the transactions in the books of PUP Company and Sta, Mesa Agency HOME OFFICE AND BRANCH ACCOUNTING Branches stock merchandise coming from the home office or acquired from other suppliers, make sale to customers, pass on customer’s credit, collect receivables, incur expenses and perform other functions normally associated with the operations of a separate entity. Branches have their own books of accounts and prepare financial statements and submit them to home office for consolidation. Proforma Entries No Transactions 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cash sent by Home Office to Branch Merchandise sent by Home Office to Branch Merchandise returned by Branch to Home Office Cash remitted by Branch to Home Office Fixed assets purchased by Home Office for the Branch (records are kept by Home Office) Fixed assets purchased by Home Office for the Branch (records are kept by Branch) Home Office Branch Cash Branch Shipment to Branch Shipment to Branch Branch Cash Branch xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx Fixed Assets Cash xxx Branch Cash xxx xxx xxx Branch Cash Home Office Shipment from HO Home Office Home Office Shipment from HO Home Office Cash xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx Memorandum Entry Fixed Assets Home Office xxx xxx Adjusting entry for the depreciation in No. 5 Adjusting entry for the depreciation in No. 6 Fixed assets purchased by Branch (records are kept by Home Office) Accounts payable of Branch paid by Home Office Accounts receivable of Home Office collected by Branch Branch expenses paid by the Home Office Branch expenses charged by Home Office 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Branch Accum. Depreciation xxx xxx No Entry Fixed Assets Branch Branch Cash Branch Accounts Receivable Branch Cash Branch Expenses xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx Depreciation Expense Home Office Depreciation Expense Accum. Depreciation Home Office Cash Accounts Payable Home Office Cash Home Office Expenses Home Office Expenses Home Office PROBLEM 2 Home office and branch accounts of CAF Company show activities for the month of February: HOME OFFICE Cash remitted 42,000 Beginning Balance Merchandise returned by HO 3,000 Shipment at cost Fixed assets charged to HO 5,000 Expense allocated from HO HO note collected with interest BRANCH 15,000 Branch remittance 37,000 Fixed assets purchased by branch 15,400 2,000 Beginning Balance Shipment at cost Expense allocated to Branch Note collected by branch xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx 15,000 32,000 14,500 2,100 36,000 5,000 Except for a branch error in recording expense allocations and home office error in not recording interest, all differences in the accounts are due to timing differences in recording reciprocal information. Determine the following: a. Unadjusted and adjusted balance of the Home Office Account CLOSING ENTRIES Proforma Entries No Transactions 1 To close the balance of revenue and expenses accounts 2 To close the branch net profit to the HO account 3 To record income taxes To close the branch income to Income Summary To close the combined net income to Retained Earnings 4 5 Home Office Inventory, end xxx Sales xxx Shipment to Branch xxx Inventory, beg xxx Purchases xxx Expenses xxx Income Summary xxx (already recorded as an adjusting entry) Income Tax Expense xxx Income Tax Payable xxx Branch xxx Income Summary xxx Income Summary xxx Retained Earnings xxx Branch Inventory, end Sales Inventory, beg Shipment from HO Purchases Expenses Income Summary Income Summary Home Office No Entry No Entry No Entry CONSOLIDATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Consolidation Procedures: 1. Combine like items of assets, liabilities, equity, revenues and expenses of the home office and branch. 2. Eliminate inter-company transactions. • Eliminate home office and branch account. Home Office xxx Branch xxx • Eliminate merchandise shipment accounts. Shipment to Branch xxx Shipment from HO xxx • Eliminate allowance for overvaluation of inventory. Allowance for overvaluation xxx Inventory xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx • Eliminate intercompany sales and purchases. Sales xxx Cost of Sales xxx • Eliminate intercompany payables and receivables. Accounts Payable xxx Accounts Receivable xxx PROBLEM 3 The unadjusted trial balance of the Home Office and Branch as of December 31, 2017 is as follows: Accounts Home Office Branch Cash 116,000 31,250 Accounts Receivable 104,250 63,000 Inventory 200,600 0 Branch 196,500 0 Furniture and Fixtures 100,000 40,000 Accumulated Depreciation 22,000 0 Accounts Payable 112,750 51,250 Home Office 0 196,500 Share Capital 250,000 0 Retained Earnings 302,100 0 Sales 525,000 330,000 Shipment to Branch 251,000 0 Purchases 612,500 112,500 Shipment from HO 0 251,000 Operating Expenses 133,000 80,000 Total 1,462,850 1,462,850 577,750 577,750 Adjustments: • Depreciation Expense: Home Office – P5,900; Branch – P3,250 • Inventory, end: Home Office – P242,500; Branch – P117,500 Determine the following: a. Adjusting Entries on both books b. Closing Entries on both books c. Elimination Entries d. Net Income of Home Office e. Net Income of Branch f. Consolidated Net Income SHIPMENT TO BRANCH AT ABOVE COST Proforma Entries Home Office Branch Shipment to Branch Allowance for Overvaluation Branch xxx xxx xxx Shipment from HO Home Office xxx xxx The billed price is either: • Based on sales (gross profit rate) • Based on cost (mark-up rate) PROBLEM 4 BSA Company operates a branch in Cebu City. Operating data for the home office and branch: Home Office Branch Sales 300,000 78,500 Purchases from outsiders 210,000 20,000 Shipment to Branch/from HO 30,000 40,000 Expenses 60,000 12,500 Inventory, 01/01/2017: From outsiders 80,000 7,500 From home office 0 24,500 Inventory, 12/31/2017: From outsiders 55,000 5,500 From home office 0 26,000 Determine the following: a. Inventory on January 1 and December 31 at cost b. Cost of Sales of the Branch at cost c. True income of the Branch d. Consolidated net income PROBLEM 5 The income statement submitted by Branch to the Home Office for the month of January is as follows: Sales 600,000 Less: Cost of Sales Inventory, Jan 1 80,000 Shipment from HO 350,000 Purchases 30,000 Inventory, Jan 31 (100,000) 360,000 Gross Profit 240,000 Less: Operating Expenses 180,000 Net Income (Loss) 60,000 The inventory of the branch consisted of: January 1 From home office 70,000 From outsiders 10,000 January 31 84,000 16,000 After effecting necessary adjustments, the home office ascertained that the net income of the branch should be P156,000. Determine the following: a. Percentage of billing by home office b. Allowance for overvaluation of inventory PROBLEM 6 Duterte Company has a branch in Davao City. Davao branch receives all its merchandise from Duterte at 25% above cost and sells them at 40% mark-up on cost. Duterte also sells merchandise to outsiders at 40% above cost. Below are the excerpts from the trial balance of Duterte and Davao branch: Home Office Branch Sales 5,880,000 3,360,000 Purchases 6,250,000 Inventory, beginning 350,000 200,000 Shipment to Branch 2,000,000 Shipment from HO 2,375,000 Allowance for overvaluation 540,000 Operating Expenses 1,200,000 325,000 Determine the following: a. Inventory of branch on December 31 b. Consolidated inventory c. True income of the branch d. Consolidated Net Income e. Allowance for Overvaluation PROBLEM 7 SM Company just opened a branch in Baguio City this February of the current year. Summary of transactions for the 1st month of operations follows: 1. Baguio Branch received P15,750 cash from home office to start its operations. 2. Home office shipped merchandise to the branch costing P100,000 at 25% mark-up on cost, of which 20% have not yet received by the branch. 3. Branch purchases from other suppliers amounted to P89,250. 4. Branch sales for the month amounted to P245,000. 5. Home office debit memo for P3,500 representing the branch’s share on advertising expenses was recorded only by the branch on the 3rd day of March. 6. Branch operating expenses of P61,250 were paid by the home office. 7. Branch remitted P29,750 to the home office but the home office recorded it only in March. 8. The inventory on hand of the branch is: from outsider – P21,000 and from HO – P37,500. Determine the following: a. Unadjusted and adjusted balance of Home Office account b. Unadjusted and adjusted balance of Branch account c. Net Income reported by the Branch d. True Income of the Branch PROBLEM 8 The Manila branch of Pacman Company is billed for merchandise at 20% gross profit rate. The branch sells them at 25% above cost. On March 17, the entire branch’s merchandise was destroyed by fire. The branch records that were recovered show: Inventory, beginning (at billed price) 165,000 Shipment, Jan 1 – March 17 (at billed price) 100,000 Purchases from outsiders – all were sold at 20% mark-up on cost 7,500 Sales 169,000 Sales returns 3,750 Determine the following: a. Branch beginning inventory at cost b. Cost of merchandise destroyed by fire INTER-BRANCH TRANSFER OF MERCHANDISE WITH EXCESS FREIGHT There are instances when home office finds it necessary to authorize the transfer of merchandise from one branch to another branch. Since branches receiving shipments are properly charged with freight and freight is properly accounted as inventoriable cost, any excess freight should be absorbed by the home office and treated as an operating expense. On the other hand, any reduction in freight is treated as savings by the home office. PROBLEM 9 The Home Office shipped merchandise to Baguio Branch costing P10,000 and paid a freight of P650. Baguio Branch was subsequently instructed to transfer merchandise to Laoag Branch wherein Baguio Branch paid P200 freight. If the shipment was directly shipped from Home Office to Laoag Branch, the freight cost would have amounted to P700. Determine the following: a. Entries to record the transactions b. Entries to record the transactions assuming the freight from Home Office to Laoag is P1,000. PROBLEM 1 a Sales Less: Cost of Sales Gross Profit Less: Expenses Various Expenses Expenses from WF replenishment Samples Net Income b Samples - Agency Working Fund - Agency Shipment to Agency Cash 130,000.00 93,000.00 37,000.00 11,700.00 6,850.00 5,000.00 23,550.00 13,450.00 13,000.00 10,000.00 13,000.00 10,000.00 To record samples and working fund. Accounts Receivable Sales - Agency 130,000.00 130,000.00 To record sales. Cash Accounts Receivable 91,000.00 91,000.00 To record collection. Expenses - Agency Cash 11,700.00 11,700.00 To record expenses. Expenses - Agency Working Fund - Agency 6,850.00 6,850.00 To record WF replenishment. Cost of Sales - Agency Shipment to Agency 93,000.00 93,000.00 To record cost. Loss Samples - Agency 5,000.00 5,000.00 To record decline in value of samples. PROBLEM 2 a Beginning Balance Shipment Expense allocation Note collected by branch Branch remittance FA purchased by branch Merchandise returned by branch Unadjusted Balance Unadjusted Balance Adjustments: Shipment Expense allocation Note collected by branch Branch remittance FA purchased by branch Merchandise returned by branch Adjusted Balance PROBLEM 3 a ADJUSTING ENTRIES: Home Office Books Depreciation Expense Branch Account 15,000.00 37,000.00 15,400.00 2,000.00 (36,000.00) (5,000.00) 28,400.00 28,400.00 100.00 (6,000.00) (3,000.00) 19,500.00 5,900.00 HO Account (15,000.00) (32,000.00) (14,500.00) (2,100.00) 42,000.00 5,000.00 3,000.00 (13,600.00) (13,600.00) (5,000.00) (900.00) (19,500.00) Accumulated Depreciation 5,900.00 To record depreciation. Ending Inventory Begininng Inventory Income Summary 242,500.00 200,600.00 41,900.00 To record and adjust inventory. Branch Books Depreciation Expense Accumulated Depreciation 3,250.00 3,250.00 To record depreciation. Ending Inventory Begininng Inventory Income Summary 117,500.00 117,500.00 To record and adjust inventory. b CLOSING ENTRIES: Home Office Books Sales Shipment to Branch Purchases Operating Expenses Depreciation Expenses Income Summary 525,000.00 251,000.00 612,500.00 133,000.00 5,900.00 24,600.00 To close revenue and expenses. Branch Income Summary 750.00 750.00 To close branch income. Income Summary Retained Earnings 67,250.00 67,250.00 To close income summary. Branch Books Sales Income Summary Shipment from HO Purchases Operating Expenses Depreciation Expenses 330,000.00 116,750.00 251,000.00 112,500.00 80,000.00 3,250.00 To close revenue and expenses. Income Summary Home Office 750.00 750.00 To close income summary. c ELIMINATION ENTRIES: Home Office Branch 197,250.00 197,250.00 To eliminate HO and branch account. Shipment to Branch Shipment from HO 251,000.00 251,000.00 To eliminate shipment account. d e f Sales Less: Cost of Sales Beginning Inventory Purchases Shipment to Branch Shipment from HO Home Office 525,000.00 200,600.00 612,500.00 (251,000.00) - Branch 330,000.00 112,500.00 251,000.00 Total 855,000.00 200,600.00 725,000.00 (251,000.00) 251,000.00 Ending Inventory Gross Profit Less: Expenses Operating Expenses Depreciation Expense Net Income (242,500.00) 205,400.00 (117,500.00) 84,000.00 (360,000.00) 289,400.00 133,000.00 5,900.00 66,500.00 80,000.00 3,250.00 750.00 213,000.00 9,150.00 67,250.00 PROBLEM 4 a Mark-Up on Current Billing Divide by: Current Shipment (at billed price) Rate based on sales (GP rate) 10,000.00 40,000.00 0.25 01/01/2017 80,000.00 7,500.00 18,375.00 105,875.00 Inventory of HO Inventory of Branch - from outsider Inventory of Branch - from HO Inventory b Beginning Inventory Purchases Shipment to Branch Shipment from HO Ending Inventory Cost of Sales c Branch 25,875.00 20,000.00 30,000.00 (25,000.00) 50,875.00 Total 105,875.00 230,000.00 (30,000.00) 30,000.00 (80,000.00) 255,875.00 Sales Less: Cost of Sales Gross Income Less: Expenses True Income of the Branch 78,500.00 50,875.00 27,625.00 12,500.00 15,125.00 To check: Sales Less: Cost of Sales Gross Income Less: Expenses Net Income reported by Branch Add: Realized Mark Up True Income of the Branch 78,500.00 60,500.00 18,000.00 12,500.00 5,500.00 9,625.00 15,125.00 d Sales Less: Cost of Sales Gross Income Less: Expenses Consolidated Net Income PROBLEM 5 a True Income of the Branch Less: Net Income reported by Branch Realized Mark Up Beginning Inventory from HO (at billed price) Current Shipment from HO (at billed price) Ending Inventory from HO (at billed price) Inventory sold to outsider (at billed price) Less: Realized Mark Up Inventory sold to outsider (at cost) Mark Up Divide by: Inventory sold to outsider (at cost) Mark-Up on cost b Home Office 80,000.00 210,000.00 (30,000.00) (55,000.00) 205,000.00 12/31/2017 55,000.00 5,500.00 19,500.00 80,000.00 Ending Inventory from HO (at billed price) Home Office 300,000.00 205,000.00 95,000.00 60,000.00 35,000.00 Branch 78,500.00 50,875.00 27,625.00 12,500.00 15,125.00 Total 378,500.00 255,875.00 122,625.00 72,500.00 50,125.00 156,000.00 60,000.00 96,000.00 70,000.00 350,000.00 (84,000.00) 336,000.00 96,000.00 240,000.00 96,000.00 240,000.00 0.40 84,000.00 Less: Ending Inventory from HO (at cost) Allowance for Overvaluation 60,000.00 24,000.00 PROBLEM 6 a Sales Divide by: Cost of Sales Less: Goods Available for Sale Ending Inventory of Branch (at billed price) b c d e Branch 3,360,000.00 1.40 2,400,000.00 2,700,000.00 300,000.00 Beginning Inventory Purchases Shipment from HO (at cost) Shipment to Branch (at cost) Goods Available for Sale Less: Cost of Sales (at cost) Ending Inventory (at cost) Home Office 350,000.00 6,250,000.00 (2,000,000.00) 4,600,000.00 4,200,000.00 400,000.00 Branch Total 160,000.00 510,000.00 6,250,000.00 2,000,000.00 2,000,000.00 2,000,000.00 2,160,000.00 6,760,000.00 1,920,000.00 6,120,000.00 240,000.00 640,000.00 Sales Less: Cost of Sales (at cost) Gross Profit Less: Operating Expenses Consolidated Net Income Home Office 5,880,000.00 4,200,000.00 1,680,000.00 1,200,000.00 480,000.00 Branch 3,360,000.00 1,920,000.00 1,440,000.00 325,000.00 1,115,000.00 To check: Sales Less: Cost of Sales Gross Income Less: Expenses Net Income reported by Branch Add: Realized Mark Up True Income of the Branch Beginning Inventory from HO Current Shipment from HO Ending Inventory from HO Inventory Sold to Outsiders PROBLEM 7 a Transfer of cash Shipment of merchandise Purchase of merchandise from other supplier Branch sales Allocation of advertising expense Operating expenses of branch paid by HO Branch remittance Unadjusted Balance b Unadjusted Balance Shipment of merchandise Allocation of advertising expense Branch remittance Adjusted Balance c Sales Less: Cost of Sales Beginning Inventory Purchases Shipment from HO Total 9,240,000.00 6,120,000.00 3,120,000.00 1,525,000.00 1,595,000.00 3,360,000.00 2,400,000.00 960,000.00 325,000.00 635,000.00 480,000.00 1,115,000.00 At billed price 200,000.00 2,500,000.00 (300,000.00) 2,400,000.00 At cost 160,000.00 2,000,000.00 (240,000.00) 1,920,000.00 Mark Up 40,000.00 500,000.00 (60,000.00) 480,000.00 Branch Account 15,750.00 125,000.00 3,500.00 61,250.00 205,500.00 HO Account (15,750.00) (100,000.00) (61,250.00) 29,750.00 (147,250.00) 205,500.00 (29,750.00) 175,750.00 (147,250.00) (25,000.00) (3,500.00) (175,750.00) As reported 245,000.00 True Income 245,000.00 89,250.00 125,000.00 89,250.00 100,000.00 Ending Inventory Gross Profit Less: Expenses Net Income (58,500.00) 89,250.00 64,750.00 24,500.00 To check: Sales Less: Cost of Sales Gross Income Less: Expenses Net Income reported by Branch Add: Realized Mark Up True Income of the Branch d Beginning Inventory from HO Current Shipment from HO Ending Inventory from HO Inventory Sold to Outsiders 245,000.00 155,750.00 89,250.00 64,750.00 24,500.00 17,500.00 42,000.00 At billed price 125,000.00 (58,500.00) 66,500.00 At cost 100,000.00 (51,000.00) 49,000.00 PROBLEM 8 a Beginning Inventory (at billed price) Multiply by: Beginning Inventory (at cost) b (51,000.00) 106,750.00 64,750.00 42,000.00 Assuming the sales returns came from shipment from HO: From Sales Less: Sales Returns Net Sales Divide by: Cost of Sales Mark Up 25,000.00 (7,500.00) 17,500.00 165,000.00 0.80 132,000.00 Outsider 9,000.00 3,750.00 5,250.00 1.20 4,375.00 From HO 160,000.00 160,000.00 1.25 128,000.00 Total 169,000.00 3,750.00 165,250.00 1.25 132,200.00 Beginning Inventory Shipment from HO Purchases Goods Available for Sale Less: Cost of Sales Ending Inventory 165,000.00 100,000.00 7,500.00 272,500.00 132,375.00 140,125.00 Inventory from Outsider Inventory from HO at cost Inventory destroyed by fire (at cost) 3,125.00 109,600.00 112,725.00 Assuming the sales returns came from outside purchases: From Sales Less: Sales Returns Net Sales Divide by: Cost of Sales Outsider 9,000.00 9,000.00 1.20 7,500.00 From HO 160,000.00 3,750.00 156,250.00 1.25 125,000.00 Total 169,000.00 3,750.00 165,250.00 1.25 132,200.00 Beginning Inventory Shipment from HO Purchases Goods Available for Sale Less: Cost of Sales Ending Inventory 165,000.00 100,000.00 7,500.00 272,500.00 132,500.00 140,000.00 Inventory from Outsider Inventory from HO at cost Inventory destroyed by fire (at cost) 112,000.00 112,000.00 PROBLEM 9 a HOME OFFICE BOOKS: Baguio Branch Shipment to Branch (Baguio) Cash 10,650.00 10,000.00 650.00 To record transfer of goods to Baguio. Shipment to Branch (Baguio) Laoag Branch Excess Freight (Expense) Baguio Branch Shipment to Branch (Laoag) 10,000.00 10,700.00 150.00 10,850.00 10,000.00 To record reshipment. BAGUIO BRANCH BOOKS: Shipment from HO Freight In Home Office 10,000.00 650.00 10,650.00 To record goods received from HO. Home Office Shipment from HO Freight In Cash 10,850.00 10,000.00 650.00 200.00 To record shipment from Baguio to Laoag. LAOAG BRANCH: Shipment from HO Freight In Home Office 10,000.00 700.00 10,700.00 To record goods received from HO. b HOME OFFICE BOOKS: Baguio Branch Shipment to Branch (Baguio) Cash 10,650.00 10,000.00 650.00 To record transfer of goods to Baguio. Shipment to Branch (Baguio) Laoag Branch Baguio Branch Shipment to Branch (Laoag) Excess Freight (Gain) 10,000.00 11,000.00 10,850.00 10,000.00 150.00 To record reshipment. BAGUIO BRANCH BOOKS: Shipment from HO Freight In Home Office 10,000.00 650.00 10,650.00 To record goods received from HO. Home Office Shipment from HO Freight In Cash 10,850.00 10,000.00 650.00 200.00 To record shipment from Baguio to Laoag. LAOAG BRANCH: Shipment from HO Freight In Home Office To record goods received from HO. 10,000.00 500.00 10,500.00