Time-Stepped Finite-Element Modeling of Three-Phase Transformer for Electromagnetic
Transient Emulation on FPGA
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Qingjie Xu , Peng Liu , Venkata Dinavahi
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ECE, University of Alberta
The finite-element analysis is a powerful method to obtain detailed insight into the operation of any electromagnetic
equipment. However, the required computational power to solve a finite-element modeled power equipment is so
heavy that most Newton-Raphson-method-based algorithms can barely achieve real-time simulation. The low latency
and hardware parallelism of the field programmable gate array (FPGA) provides a path forward. In this paper, a
parallel and deeply pipelined adaptive transmission-line modeling method with preconditioned conjugate gradient
solver is designed in hardware and implemented on two Xilinx R XCVU37P FPGAs for the finite-element modeling of
a three-phase transformer. The accuracy of the transformer solver under both current excited and voltage-excited
conditions of the transformer was validated against the commercial FE simulation tool.
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