COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
EEE113 –Engineering Drawing
Lab Manual for Fall 2022 & Onwards
Lab Resource Person
Engr. Umair Shafiq Khan
Engr. Faisal Tariq
Supervised By
Ms. Ayesha Ali
Name: __________________________
Registration Number:
Program: _______________________ Batch: _____________________________________
Semester ___________________________
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Revision History
Sr.No.
Update
Date
Performed by
1.
Lab Manual Preparation
Aug-10-2015
Sara Sajid/Ayesha Ali/Inam
ullah khan
2.
Layout Modification
Aug-27-2015
Sara Sajid
3.
Lab Manual Review
Aug-27-2015
Dr.Ikram ullah Khosa
4.
Lab Manual Review
Sep-20-2015
Dr. Ejaz Ahmad Ansari
5.
Lab Manual modification
Aug-03-2016
Sara Sajid
6.
Lab Manual Review
Aug-15-2016
Sara Sajid
7.
Lab Manual review
Sep-29-2017
Ayesha Ali
8.
Lab Manual Revised (OBE)
Sep-20-2017
Sara Sajid /M. Umair Safder
9.
Lab Manual Modifications
Sep-18-2020
Sara Sajid
10.
Lab Manual Review
Sep-24-2020
Dr. Aamer Bilal Asghar
11.
Lab Manual Modifications
Aug-26-2021
Sara Sajid
12.
Lab Manual Modifications
Sep-05-2022
Engr. Umair Shafiq Khan
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Preface
This course emphasizes using various electronic graphical media software to create standardized technical
documentation for architectural, electrical, and mechanical applications. It will give students an introduction to
the fundamentals of Engineering Drawing. A wide range of methods are used to create, print 2D, 3D
orthographic and isometric presentation in a wide variety of output formats using AutoCAD as the primary
tool. They will also learn the different techniques to convert the 2-D drawings into 3-D and 3-D into 2-D.
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Books
Text Books
1. A. C. Parkinson, "First Year Engineering Drawing" 3rd edition
Learning Outcomes
1.
Explain properly detailed, formatted, dimensioned drawings and reproduces different projection
techniques using AutoCAD tool [PLO 5] [P3].
CLO1
PLO10
PLO5
PLO3
CLO
PLO2
PLO
PLO1
CLOs – PLOs Mapping
Cognitive Domain Affective Domain Psychomotor Domain
P3
X
Lab 8
Lab 9
Lab 10
Lab 11
Lab 12
P1 P2
P2
P2
P2
P2
P2
P3
P3
Lab 4
Lab 7
P1 P1
Lab 6
P1
Lab 5
CLO1
Lab 3
CLO
Lab 2
Lab
Lab 1
Lab CLOs – Lab Experiment Mapping
Grading Policy
The final marks for lab would comprise of Lab Assessment (25%), Lab Mid Term (25%) and Lab Terminal
(50%).
Mid Term 0.5*(Lab Mid Term) + 0.5*(average of lab evaluation of Lab 16)
Terminal 0.5*(Lab Terminal Exam) +0.375*(average of lab evaluation of
Lab 7-12) + 0.125*(average of lab evaluation of Lab 1-6)
The minimum pass marks for both lab and theory shall be 50%. Students obtaining less than 50% marks
(in either theory or lab, or both) shall be deemed to have failed in the course. The final marks would be
computed with 75% weight to theory and 25% to lab final marks.
Software Resources
AutoCAD
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Lab Instructions
•
This lab activity comprises of three parts: Pre-lab, Lab Tasks, Lab Report and Conclusion and Viva
session.
•
•
•
The students should perform and demonstrate each lab task separately for step-wise evaluation.
Only those tasks that are completed during the allocated lab time will be credited to the students.
Students are however encouraged to practice on their own in spare time for enhancing their skills.
Lab Report Instructions
All questions should be answered precisely to get maximum credit. Lab report must ensure following items:
•
•
•
Lab Objectives
Methodology
Conclusion
Safety Instructions
1. All users of the laboratory are to follow the directions of Academic/Laboratory Technician staff
member.
2. Students should not attempt to repair, open, tamper or interfere with any of the computer other
equipment in the laboratory.
3. Students should be aware of office ergonomic guidelines for correct posture when using computer
equipment.
4. Please treat fellow users of the laboratory, and all equipment within the laboratory, with the
appropriate level of care and respect.
5. Do not touch any exposed wires or sockets.
6. Do not spill water or any other liquid on the machine, in order to maintain electrical safety. There is a
lot of equipment in computer labs that could short circuit itself or cause electric shocks.
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Table of Contents
Revision History
ii
Preface
iii
Books
iv
Learning Outcomes
iv
CLOs – PLOs Mapping
iv
Lab CLOs – Lab Experiment Mapping
iv
Grading Policy
iv
Software Resources
iv
Lab Instructions
v
Lab Report Instructions
v
Safety Instructions
v
Table of Contents
vi
LAB # 1: To describe CAD software and different function using AutoCAD.
8
Objectives
8
Pre Lab:
8
In- Lab Exercise:
9
LAB # 2: To describe the drawing model using AutoCAD
13
Objectives
13
Pre Lab:
13
In Lab Exercise:
13
LAB # 3: To describe the basic commands with the detailed dimensioned drawings using AutoCAD.
16
Objectives
16
Pre Lab
16
In Lab Exercise:
18
LAB # 4: To explain the modify commands I and display the drawings using AutoCAD
27
Objective:
27
Pre Lab:
27
In-Lab Exercise:
28
LAB # 5: To explain the modify Commands II and display the drawings using AutoCAD
33
Objective:
33
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Pre Lab:
33
In Lab Exercise:
34
LAB # 6: To explain the advance modify command and display the drawings using AutoCAD
41
Objectives
41
Pre Lab:
41
In Lab Exercise:
41
LAB # 7: To explain the orthographic views and display orthographic projections using drawing sheets and AutoCAD.
46
Objectives
46
Pre Lab:
46
In-Lab Exercise:
47
LAB # 8: To explain the isometric drawings and display isometric projections using drawing sheets and AutoCAD.
52
Objectives
52
Pre Lab:
52
In Lab Exercise:
54
LAB # 9: To reproduce the structure of Electrical drawing using AutoCAD.
59
Objectives
59
Pre Lab:
59
In- Lab Exercise:
59
LAB # 10: To reproduce the Architecture drawing using AutoCAD.
61
Objectives
61
Pre Lab:
61
In- Lab Exercise:
61
LAB # 11: To reproduce the cross-sectional view of Mechanical drawing using AutoCAD.
63
Objectives
63
Pre Lab:
63
In- Lab Exercise:
63
LAB #12: To follow the concept of 3-D modelling and sketch the drawings using AutoCAD.
65
Objective
65
Pre Lab :
65
In Lab Exercise:
66
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LAB # 1: To describe CAD software and different function using AutoCAD.
Objectives
To describe the usage of AutoCAD interface and settings of Boolean buttons
Pre Lab:
Menu Bar
Menu bar is the link between you and AutoCAD.
File menu: It deals with saving/remaining/printing etc. of the file.
Edit menu: It helps you to cut/copy/paste/ changes etc.
View menu: Helps you to zoom in/out, view the drawing in 3D etc.
Insert menu: Helps you to embed other drawings in your drawing, change layouts etc.
Format menu: It Deals with the properties of lines, units, drawing limits etc.
Tools menu: It is there to enhance your drawing all kinds of lines and shapes.
Dimension menu: It gives you all the ways of accurately giving the dimensions of shapes in your drawing.
Modify menu: It offers you with several options with which you can change and rectify your drawing according
to the requirements.
Fig 1.1 Menu bar window
Using AutoCAD toolbars and turning them ON/OFF
There is a toolbar with pictures. These bars give the most used options from all the minus listed above, so that
you can quickly use the commands required. These toolbars can be switched on and off by right clicking on the
blank off-white area, selecting the AutoCAD option, and then clicking on whatever toolbar you want to activate.
All the activated toolbars have a thick to their left side.
Draw/Dimension/Modify Toolbars
The draw, dimension and modify toolbars are shorter versions of draw, dimension and modify means
respectively, which give the more basic commands from their respective menus in a very user-friendly manner.
The window menu is there to do operations on the AutoCAD window while the help menu is for your help
anytime.
Command Line
The command line shows and keeps a history of whatever commands you are using while you are drawing.
You can use the menu bar or the toolbar to give commands and you can also give commands by writing the
right syntax in the command line for a particular command as shown in figure 1.2.
Fig 1.2 Command line window
It gives you a number of advantages which will be discussed later. Whenever you want to exit any command,
you just have to press the escape button.
Status Bar
This bar is situated at the button of the AutoCAD window as shown in figure 1.3. The buttons on the right side
will be discussed later. On the left side there are 3 values that we can see. These values actually give you the
position of the cursor. The first value is the X-coordinate, second is Y-coordinate and the third one is the Zcoordinate.
Fig 1.3 Status bar window
In- Lab Exercise:
Setting and Usage of Boolean Buttons
Fig 1.4 Boolean buttons configuration
SNAP
This button when turned on restricts your cursor on the drawing area to move only on the grid
points. You can always right click this button, click properties, and change snap settings. You can
change how much your cursor will move in each step horizontally and vertically on the drawing
area.
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GRID
This button gives your drawing area a graphical view. Dots appear on the drawing area which help
the user to make drawings accurately and conveniently. Settings of how much is the distance
between each dot in horizontal and vertical direction, can be changed by right clicking on this
button.
ORTHO
When this button is turned on you can only make horizontal and vertical lines because cursor will
not move other than four directions (i.e. up, down, right, left). When you want to make inclined
lines please always turn off this button.
POLAR
Turning on this button will indicate angles while you are making lines, so that u can see easily draw
accurate angles between 2 lines or make lines at particular angles with respect to other lines. You
can right click on this bottom to change the precision of the angle indicator. E.g. AutoCAD helps
you to make angles at an interval of 15.
OSNAP
This option helps you to connect accurately end of lines to centres, midnight, intersections and
many other points that you can turn on by right clicking on the button and going to the properties
dialog box.
Whenever you end a line, before left clicking and setting its end, while moving on the drawing area,
wherever there is a midpoint, an intersection or any other point that has been turned on in the
OSNAP settings, as soon as the cursor touches that the point is highlighted with a yellow boundary
around that point.
OTRACK
This helps you to move and make the end of any line vertically above/below or horizontally right
/left of any other point on the drawing.
LWT
This button when turned on shows the weight of lines on the drawing area. When turned off, all the
lines will have equal standard width/weight.
MODEL
When turned on it shows you the black working area and when it is turned off it shows your drawing
on white screen.
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Lab Task 1:

Save a file by your name on your desktop and insert it in your flash drive

Use the command line to give the following commands.
 Save
 Close
 Open(After this command open any AutoCAD template)

Set the X and Y spacing of snap and grid as 0.5 and see what is happening with your grid points and
cursor movements.

Turn on the model button and go to the paper layout. What is the use of this button in your opinion.
Lab Task 2:

Set the X and Y spacing of snap and grid as 1.0 and see what is happening with your grid points and
cursor movements.

Set the X and Y spacing of snap and grid as 5.0 and see what is happening with your grid points and
cursor movements.
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Rubric for Lab Assessment
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent
4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good
3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average
2
partial results.
Worst
The student did not complete assigned tasks.
1
Instructor Signature: ______________________________ Date: ____________________
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LAB # 2: To describe the drawing model using AutoCAD
Objectives
To demonstrate the settings of drawing limits and units to construct an object using AutoCAD.
Pre Lab:
Working Area:
The black background that you see in your AutoCAD window is your working area.
Setting Drawing Limits:
Go to format menu select drawing limits option. On the command line you will be asked to specify the lower
left corner of your drawing. The default coordinate is 0, 0 and it is advisable to press enter rather than given any
other coordinate because every drawing should start from origin. When you want to make more than one
drawing in a single screen only then you change the lower left corner to some other coordinate other than the
origin. When you have entered you will be asked to specify the upper right corner. Now you can specify any
coordinate e.g. 20, 20 so that your drawing area is 20 by 20 units square. To specify write the coordinate on the
command line and press enter.
Setting Units:
This is important because you have to specify the scale of your
drawing and keep your drawing dimensionally accurate. Go to the
format menu and click on units. You will come across the window
as shown in figure 2.1.
Here you have to specify in what units you would work, what type
of lengths you would use (e.g. decimal or fractional). What
precision or decimal place you are using to specify each point on
your drawing. What type and precision of angles you would use (e.g.
degree or radian).
In Lab Exercise:
Grid, Snap and Zoom Settings:
Once you have set the drawing limits in units you can turn on the
grid and snap buttons on the status bar. This will help you to know
your working area and turning on snap will help you move the
cursor through fixed distance in x and y direction. With this you can
accurately draw lines even with the mouse. Make sure that after
turning on grid and snap you write zoom in the command line, press enter, write all and press enter again. This
thing will help you to remove in screen errors that occur mostly in AutoCAD.
Turning On the required toolbars:
Make sure that the necessary toolbars are turned on such as Draw, modify, dimension and properties and
toolbars. How to turn this toolbar ON/OFF is writing before.
Drawing a Line (LINE):
Either you can write “line” in the command line or press the first button in the drawing toolbar to activate the
line command. Once you have activate the line command either you can use the mouse to select the starting and
finishing points of the line or you can write the coordinates of the starting point in the command press enter,
specify coordinate of finishing points, press enter and a line will be made on the working area. Make sure that
the coordinate you have specified are inside the drawing limits you have set before the drawing.
Lab Task 1:
Draw the figure 2.2 in AutoCAD using decimal units and appropriate commands.
Fig 2.2
Lab Task 2:

Draw the figure 2.2 in AutoCAD using Engineering units (feet) using appropriate commands.
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Rubric for Lab Assessment
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent
4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good
3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average
2
partial results.
Worst
The student did not complete assigned tasks.
1
Instructor Signature: ______________________________ Date: ___________________
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LAB # 3: To describe the basic commands with the detailed dimensioned
drawings using AutoCAD.
Objectives
Part I

To describe the concept of different type of lines, Rectangle, Arc, Circle, Spline, Ellipse and Hatch.

To sketch the drawings in accordance with basic command.
Part II

To demonstrate the concept of different dimensioning modes and construct multi view drawings using
AutoCAD.

To sketch the properly formatted drawings and modify different dimension styles.
Pre Lab Part I:
Basic Commands

Line

Construction line

Polyline

Rectangle

Arc

Circle

Spline

Ellipse

Hatch
Drawing Toolbar
Fig 3.1 AutoCAD home screen window
Line (line)
Either you can right “line” in the command line or press the first button in the drawing toolbar to activate line
command. Once you have activated the line command either the coordinates of the starting point in command
line, press enter, specify coordinates of finishing points, press enter, and a line will be made on the working
area. Make sure that the coordinates you have specified are inside the drawing limits you have set before starting
the drawing.
Construction Line (xline)
This is a continuous line and extending to infinity from both sides. To activate this command, either type “xline”
in the command line or just click on the 2nd button on the Draw toolbar. Now you have to specify 2 points in the
command line or with the help of the mouse you can click the other point through which you want your
construction line pass.
Poly line (pline)
To activate this command either write “pline” in the command line or click on the third button in the toolbar.
Specify points either by clicking on the screen or by writing coordinates in the command line and pressing enter.
When you want to finish the command press “ESCAPE”.
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In Lab Exercise:
Polygon (polygon)
This command helps you to make regular polygons, circumscribed or inscribed in a circle of specified radius.
To make a polygon, type “polygon” in the command line or use the draw toolbar. First, you have to specify the
number of points of that polygon. Type the number of points in the command line and press enter. Now specify
the centre of the polygon/circle by clicking on the drawing area or writing the coordinates of the centre in the
command line and pressing enter. Then you have to choose whether the polygon will be inscribed in the circle
or circumscribed about that circle. In the command line write “I” for inscribed (All the corners of the polygons
will be touching will be touching the circumference of the circle) and “C” for circumscribed (The circle will be
inside the polygon) and press enter. Now you have to specify the radius of the circle. Either write it in the
command line or use the mouse to set the radius. Using the mouse gives an advantage of changing orientation
of the polygon.
Rectangle (rectangle)
Either write “rectangle” in the command line or use the draw toolbar to initiate this command. Specify the first
point and then specify the other point opposite to the first point. You can either specify points with the click of
your or by entering the coordinates of these two points in the command line.
Arc (arc)
Write “arc” in the command line to initiate this command. You have to specify 3 points to make an arc. You
can either do it with your mouse or entering coordinates in the command line.
Circle (circle)
Write “circle” in the command line to initiate this command. To draw a circle you have to specify the center of
a circle, which you can do by clicking that point on the drawing area with your mouse or by writing the
coordinate in the command line and pressing enter. Next you have to specify the radius of the circle. Again you
might use the mouse to click the any point on the circumference you want to specify or you can write the radius
in the command line. If you want to specify the diameter, write “d” and press enter in the command line when
you r asked for the radius and then type the diameter.
Spline (spline)
It is a continuous arc in which you keep on specifying the points like you do for and arc and to finish this
command press the escape button.
Ellipse (ellipse)
To draw an ellipse, type “ellipse” in the command line or use the draw toolbar. First specify the end points of
the major arc and then you have to specify half the distance of the minor axis.
Hatch (bhatch)
When you want to highlight an area of your drawing you use hatch lines. These are slanting lines that the part
of your drawing to be highlighted. To activate this command type “bhatch” in the command line and you will
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come across the screen shown in figure 3.2. When you have set the required type and pattern of the hatch line,
press the “pick points” option.
Fig 3.2 Hatch and Gradient setting window
Just click on the enclosed area of your drawing and then press enter, the following window will appear again.
Now press ok and you will get the area hatched.
Multiline Text (MTEXT)
Type “mtext” to activate this command which helps you write text besides your drawing. First you have to
specify 2 opposite points like you did for a rectangle and after you have done this write the text and change
the text properties according to your requirements.
Fig 3.3 Text formatting window
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Setting the Line Properties
You can change the type, colour, weight, properties of a line by double clicking it and editing the property box
(given bellow) that appears after double clicking.
Fig 3.4 Line property settings window
You can change the type, colour, weight, properties of a line by double clicking it and editing the property box
(given bellow) that appears after double clicking.
Or you can also select the line with your mouse and then change the properties from the properties toolbar
shown below:
Fig 3.5 Layers line property settings
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The first drop down menu is colour, second is line type and third is line weight. By layer means that this property
of the line, will be the same as the property of the layer, in which the line has been made.
Using different Line Types:
To add a line type, use the above middle drop down menu and click “OTHER”. Now in the line-type manage
window click on the “LOAD” button. In the Load or re load lane-types window select “DASHED2” and
“CENTER2” line types turn by turn. You can now see both line types in the line-types manager window.
Press OK and after that you will be able to select both these line types in the above drop-down menu.
Lab Task 1:

Draw the first sheet that you have drawn manually, doubling the drawing limits to 48 by 80 and every
measurement that you had in the lab exercise.

Replicate the boundaries you made in the lab exercise and make the following figures in the square
boxes.
 Circle of the radius 12mm
 Square of sides 20mm
 A triangle with angles 30,60 and 90
 A triangle with angles 90,45 and 45
 A square with its 4 corners at the mid points of the sides of any square box.

Write your name, roll number, drawing number, drawing title (BASIC SHAPES), date and your section
in these six rectangles formed below

Make centre lines (centre 2) in the circle you have made and change the line type of the square to dash2

Save your drawings as “your name” _ “roll number” _A3.
Lab Tasks 2:

Draw an equilateral triangle having side of 4.5m and an angle of 60o. Also draw three circles of 1.6 m
diameter each at three corners of the triangle.

Hatch the circles at the corner of triangle with appropriate pattern.
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Pre Lab Part II:
Dimensioning Toolbar
Fig 3.6 Dimension tool bar
While dimensioning please keep the OSNAP button on, So that you are able to specify the start and end points
of length you want to dimension accurately.
The command syntax for the following dimensioning commands is specified in the brackets.
Linear dimension (dimlinear)
Type “dimlinear” to dimension horizontal and vertical length. Specify the end point s with your mouse or type
their coordinates in the commands line. Now extend the dimension lines with your mouse through appropriate
distance from the part you are dimensioning and click again.
Aligned dimension (dimaligned)
This dimension can be activated by typing “dimaligned” in the command line. This dimensioning is used to
dimension inclined lines. The procedure is same as the linear dimension command.
Ordinate dimension (dimordinate)
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Type “dimordinate" in the command line and press enter to activate this command. This is used to label the x
or y coordinates of any point on your drawing. Just specify that point and use your mouse to label the x and y
coordinate.
Radius dimension (dimradius)
Just click on the circle and then use your mouse to select the area where you want the radius dimension to be
placed.
Diameter dimension (dimdiameter)
Same as you dimension the radius of a circle.
Angular dimension (dimangular)
First specify the first line and then the second line .Move the dimension to respectable distance and click to get
the dimension.
Quick dimension (qdim)
This is required when you have to quickly dimension more than one length in a line . You just have keep
selecting all the points from the start to the end and then move the dimension lines through a respectable
distance.
Quick leader dimension (qleader)
You can use QLEADER if you want to annotate (label or write something about) any part of your drawing. Just
activate the command and select the part of your drawing which you want to describe and then click again at
the point where you want to write.
Centre mark dimension (dimcenter)
This gives the centre of the circles. Just click in the circle and the centre will be visible.
In-Lab Exercise:
Setting of dimension style (dimstyle)
To apply the current dimension style to existing dimensions
1. From the Dimension menu, choose update.
2. Select the dimensions to Update to the current dimension style.
3. Press ENTER.
To restore a dimension style
1. From the Dimension menu, Choose Style.
2. In the Dimension Style Manager, select the dimension style to restore and choose Set Current.
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3. Choose Close
Fig 3.7 Modify dimension window
Lab Task 1:

Draw the diagram mentioned in Fig 4.3 in AutoCAD using appropriate commands.

Dimension the entire Figure.
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Fig 3.8
Lab Task 2:

Draw the diagram mention in Fig. 4.4 in AutoCAD using appropriate commands.

Dimension the entire drawing according to Fig. 4.4.
Fig 3.9
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Rubric for Lab Assessment
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent
4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good
3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average
2
partial results.
Worst
The student did not complete assigned tasks.
1
Instructor Signature: ______________________________ Date: ____________________
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LAB # 4: To explain the modify commands I and display the drawings using
AutoCAD
Objective:
 To construct duplicate objects with the help of Copy, Offset, Mirror and Array commands and rotate
the object with the change of angle using AutoCAD.
 To sketch the drawings through modify command II using AutoCAD.
Pre Lab:
Modify Commands I

Mirror

Copy

Array

Offset

Rotate
Mirror (mirror)
To mirror object

From the Modify menu, choose mirror.

Select the object to mirror.

Specify the first point of the mirror line.

Specify the second point.

Press ENTER to retain the original object, or enter y to delete them.
Copy object (copy)
To copy an object

From the Modify menu , Choose Copy

Select the object to copy

Specify the base point

Specify the second point of displacement.
Offset (offset)
To offset an object by specifying a distance.

From the Modify menu choose Offset

Specify the offset distance. You can enter a value or use the pointing device

Select a point on the side where you want to place the new object

Select another object to offset, or press ENTER to end the command.
To offset an object through a point

From the Modify menu ,choose Offset

Enter t (through).

Select the object to Offset.

Specify the through point.

Select another object to Offset or press ENTER to end command.
In-Lab Exercise:
Array (array)
To create a rectangular array

From the Modify menu , choose array

In the Array dialog box, choose Rectangular Array.

Choose select objects
The array dialog box closes and AutoCAD prompts for object selection.

Select the object to be arrayed and press ENTER.

In the Rows and column boxes, enter the number of rows and column in the array.

Specify the horizontal and vertical spacing (offset) between objects by using one of the following
methods:
 In the row offset and column offset boxes enter the distance between rows and between columns.
Adding a plus sign (+) or a minus sign(-) determines direction.
 Click the pick both offset button to use the pointing device to specify the diagonals corners of the
cell in the array. The cell determines the vertical and horizontal spacing of the rows and column.
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 Click the pick row offset or pick column offset button to use the pointing device to specify the
horizontal and vertical spacing.
The example box displays the result.

To change the rotation angle of the array, enter the new angle next to angle of array.

The default angle 0 direction setting can also be changed in units.

Choose OK to create the array
To create a polar array.

From the Modify menu, choose array.

In the array dialog box point, do one of the following:

Enter an X value and a Y value for the centre point of the polar array.

Click and pick centre point button. The array dialog box closes and AutoCAD prompts for object
selection. Use the pointing device to specify the centre point of polar array.

Choose select object.
The array dialog box closes and AutoCAD prompts for object selection.

Select the object to be arrayed.

In the method box ,select one of the following method:

Total number of item and angle to fill.

Total number of items & angle between items.

Angle to fill & angle between items.

Enter the number of items (including the original object) , if available.

Use one of the following methods.
 Enter the angle to fill and angle between items, if available. Angle to fill specifies the distance to
fill around the circumference of array. Angle between items specifies the distance between each
item.
 Click the pick angle to fill button and the pick angle between items button and use the pointing
device to specify the angle between items.
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The example box displays the result. You can set any of the following options:

To rotate the object as they are arrayed, select rotate item as copied. The example area displays the
result.

To specify the X and Y base point , choose more , clear the set to object ‘s default option and enter
the values in the X and Y boxes , or the pick base point button and use the pointing device to specify
the point.
Choose OK to create array.
Rotate (rotate)
To rotate an object

From the Modify menu , choose Rotate

Select the object to rotate.

Specify the base point for the rotation.

Do one of the following

Enter the angle of rotation.

Drag the object around its base point and specify a point location to which you want to rotate.
To rotate an object using a reference angle

From the Modify menu choose, rotate.

Select the objet to rotate.

Specify the base point for the rotation.

Enter r (reference)
Now define the reference and the new angle by selecting the objects you are aligning.

Enter in (intersection objet snap), and select the intersection point (2) to begin defining the reference
angle.

Enter end (end point object snap), and select end point of the object you are rotating (3) to complete
the definition of the reference angle.

Enter end again, and select the end point of the object you are aligning to (4).
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Lab Task 1:
Draw the diagram in Fig. 5.1 using AutoCAD through appropriate commands.
Fig 4.1
Lab Task 2:
Design the drawing mention in Fig. 5.2 in AutoCAD using appropriate commands.
Fig 4.2
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Rubric for Lab Assessment
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent
4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good
3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average
2
partial results.
Worst
The student did not complete assigned tasks.
1
Instructor Signature: ______________________________ Date: ____________________
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LAB # 5: To explain the modify Commands II and display the drawings using
AutoCAD
Objective:

To demonstrate the editing of sizes and shapes of objects through Trim, Extend, Stretch, Break and
scale commands and construct the objects using AutoCAD.
To construct the sloped, curved and angled transition object having two surfaces through chamfer and
fillet command using AutoCAD.
To sketch the given drawings with the help of suitable modify commands II.


Pre Lab:
Modify Commands II

Break

Scale

Trim

Extend

Stretch

Erase

Move

Fillet

Chamfer
Break (break).
To break an object.

From Modify menu choose break.

Select the object to break.
By default, the point at which you select the object is the first break point. To choose a different pair of break
points, enter f (first) and specify the break point.

Specify the second break point.
Scale (scale)
To scale an object by a scale factor.

From the Modify menu, choose Scale

Select the object to scale

Specify the base point.

Enter the scale factor or drag and click to specify a new scale.
To scale an object by reference.

From the modify menu choose scale.

Select the object to scale.

Select the base point

Enter r (reference).

Select the first and the second reference points, or enter a value for the reference length.
In Lab Exercise:
Trim (trim)
To trim an object.

From the Modify menu, choose trim.

Select the objects to serve as cutting edges.
To select all the object in the drawing as potential cutting edges, press Enter without selecting any object.
Otherwise press Enter after selecting the object.

Select the object to trim.
Extend (extend)
To extend an object.

From the Modify menu, choose extend.

Select the object to serve as boundary edges.
To select all the objects in the drawing as potential boundary edges, press Enter without selecting any object.

Select the object to extend.
Stretch (stretch)
To stretch an object

From the Modify menu, choose stretch.

Select the object using a crossing window selection.
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The crossing windows must include at least one vertex or endpoint. Specify a crossing window either by entering
a c or by clicking, moving your pointing device from right to left, and click again.
Do one of the following
1. Enter a displacement in the form of a relative Cartesian, polar, cylindrical, or spherical coordinate. Do
not include the @ sign, because a relative coordinate is assumed. Press enter at the prompt for the second
point of displacement.
2. Specify the base point for the, and then specify a second point, the point of displacement.Any objects
with at least one vertex or endpoint included within the crossing window are stretched. Any objects that
are completely within the crossing window are moved without stretching.
Erase (Erase)
To erase an object

From the Modify menu , choose Erase

At the Select Objects prompt, Use a selection method to select the objects to be erased or enter an
option

Enter L (last) to erase the last object drawn.

Enter p (previous) to erase the last selection set.

Enter all to erase all objects from the drawing.

Enter “?” to see a list of all selection Methods.

Press Enter to end the command.
Move (Move)
To move an object using two points

From the Modify menu ,choose Move

Select the object to move

Specify a base point for the move

Specify a second point of displacement
The objects you selected are moved to a new location determined by the distance and direction between
the first and the second points.
To move an object using a displacement

From the Modify menu ,choose Move
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
Select object to move

Enter the displacement in the form of a Cartesian, polar, cylindrical, or spherical coordinate’s value. Do
not include @ sign, because a relative coordinate is assumed.

At the prompt for the second point of displacement, press enter.

By entering only one set of coordinate values, you instruct AutoCAD to use it as a relative displacement
rather than a base point. The objects you select are moved to a new location determined by the relative
coordinate value you enter.
Fillet (fillet)
To set the fillet radius.

From the Modify menu choose, fillet

Enter r (radius)

Enter the fillet radius

Select the objects to fillet.
To fillet two line segment.

From the Modify menu choose fillet.

Select the first line.

Select the second line.
To fillet without trimming.

From the Modify Menu choose fillet.

If necessary, Enter t (trim) and then Enter n (no trim).

Select the objects to fillet.
Chamfer (chamfer)
To set chamfer distances.

From the Modify menu choose chamfer.

Enter d (distance)

Enter the first chamfer distance.

Enter the second chamfer distance.
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
Select the line for chamfer.
To chamfer the two nonparallel line segments

From the Modify menu choose chamfer.

Select the first line.

Select the second line.
To chamfer by specifying chamfer length and angle.

From the Modify menu choose chamfer.

Enter a (angle).

Enter the distance from the corner to be chamfered along the first line.

Enter the chamfer angle.

Select the first line and then the second line.
To chamfer without trimming.

From the Modify menu choose chamfer.

Enter t (trim control)

Enter n (no trim)

Select the object to chamfer.
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Lab Task 1:
Draw the drawing in Fig 5.1 using AutoCAD through appropriate commands.
Fig 5.1
Lab Task 2:
Draw the diagram in figure 5.2 using AutoCAD with appropriate commands.
Fig 5.2
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Lab Task 3:
Draw the drawing mention in Fig 5.3 in AutoCAD using appropriate commands.
Fig 5.3
Lab Task 2:
Draw the drawing mention in Fig 5.4 in AutoCAD using appropriate commands.
Fig 5.4
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Rubric for Lab Assessment
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent
4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good
3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average
2
partial results.
Worst
The student did not complete assigned tasks.
1
Instructor Signature: ______________________________ Date: ____________________
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LAB # 6: To explain the advance modify command and display the drawings
using AutoCAD
Objectives

To describe the basic concept, different mode of operation and properties of layers.

To construct the drawing by applying the concept of layers using AutoCAD.
Pre Lab:
Familiarization with the Concept of Layers in AutoCAD:
Layers are equivalent of the overlays used in paper-based drafting. They are the primary organizational tool in
AutoCAD, and you use them to group information by the function and enforce line type,color and other
standards.
By creating layers, you can associate similar types of objects by assigning them to the same layer. For example,
you can put Construction line, text, dimensions, and title blocks on separate layers. You can then control

Whether object on the layer are visible in any viewports

Whether and how objects are plotted.

What color is assigned to all objects on a layer?

What default line type and line weight is assigned to all objects on a layer?

Whether object on a layer can be modified.
When you begin a new drawing, AutoCAD creates a special layer named 0. By default, layer 0 is assigned
colour number 7 (white or black depending upon your background color) the CONTINUOUS line type, a line
weight of Default ( the default setting is 0.01 inch or 0.25mm), and the NORMAL plot style . Layer 0 cannot
be deleted or renamed.
Use of layers in AutoCAD

Different types of drawing on one sheet.

Easy alterations.

Convenient differentiation of diverse drawing
In Lab Exercise:
Function of layers

ON/OFF

Freeze/Unfreeze

Lock/Unlock

Use of layers to set line properties

Loading lines in layers

Adding and deleting layers

Properties of layers
Fig 6.1 Layers status manger
Layer Properties
By pressing the first button which you can see in the above diagram you will come across the following
windows. Here you can add /delete layers by using New/Delete buttons. Now you just have to double click on
the layer under the appropriate column of the property you want to change and you will get the required window
to do the same.
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Fig 6.2 Layers properties manager
Lab Task 1:
Draw the diagram mention in Fig.6.3 using appropriate command and make the following layers.

Develop the layer of ellipse

Develop the layer of circles

Develop the layer of lines

Develop the layer of dimension
Fig 6.3
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Lab Task 2:
Draw the diagram mention in Fig. 6.4 using appropriate commands with the following layers.

Develop the layer of circles

Develop the layer of lines

Develop the layer of dimension
Fig 6.4
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Rubric for Lab Assessment
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent
4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good
3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average
2
partial results.
Worst
The student did not complete assigned tasks.
1
Instructor Signature: ______________________________ Date: ____________________
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LAB # 7: To explain the orthographic views and display orthographic
projections using drawing sheets and AutoCAD.
Objectives
Part 1
To describe the fundamental concept of orthographic projections and construct the 1 st angle orthographic
views by considering the parallel projection using drawing sheets and AutoCAD.
Part 2
To construct the 3rd angle orthographic views by considering the parallel projection using AutoCAD.
Pre Lab:
Part 1 -Familiarize yourself with 1st angle Orthographic Projection
Orthographic projection is the graphical method used in modern engineering drawing. In order to interpret and
communicate with engineering drawings a designer must have a sound understanding of its use and a clear
vision of how the various projections are created.
The word orthographic means to draw at right angles and is derived from the Greek words:
ORTHOS - straight, rectangular, upright
GRAPHOS - written, drawn
Fig. 7.1 Projection views in quadrants
Projections created with the object placed in the first quadrant are said to be in first angle projection, and
likewise, projections created with the object placed in the third quadrant are said to be in Third Angle projection.
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Orthographic projection symbols:
Both systems of projection, First and Third angle, are approved internationally and have equal status. The system
used must be clearly indicated on every drawing, using the appropriate symbol shown in Figure 2 below.
Fig. 7.2 Symbolic representation of 1st and 3rd angle
In-Lab Exercise:
Creating orthographic projection drawings:
This is an introduction into how to create and interpret multi-view orthographic projection drawings.
First angle projection:
Your drawing will, for example consist of four views:
• Front F
• Left L
• Right R
• Plan (Top) P
Usual practice is to orient the component in a position that it is most likely to be found in. Your aim is
to create, from the front view, an orthographic projection drawing as shown below in Figure 7.3. Note how the
views are constructed in line with each other, allowing the features to be 'projected' between the views.
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Fig. 7.3 Orthographic projection
So, the stages are:
1. Choose which view direction or face will be used as the front view of the component.
2. Draw the outline of the front view, leaving room for the other views.
Fig 7.4 Outline of front view
3. Draw feint construction lines out from the front view.
4. Start to draw the outlines of the other views, using sides you know the length.
Fig 7.5 Outline of other views
5. Complete the details of the views by adding any required hidden detail lines, other outlines and centre
lines.
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Fig 7.6 Views by adding all details
With first angle projection the plan view is below the front view. If you had placed the plan view above the
front view it would actually have to become the bottom or underside view!
Lab Task 1:

Extract all the orthographic projections from a given 3D Drawing.

Place these according to angle.
Fig 7.7
Part 2 -Familiarize yourself with 3rd angle Orthographic Projection
The construction method used is the same. The difference between first and third angle Projection when creating
or reading really lies with the positions of the views. For the same component, an orthographic projection
drawing with the same front, side and plan views would look like Figure 7.8 below.
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Fig 7.8 Isometric projection
Fig 7.9 Orthographic views
Observe how, in third angle, the views give the image then the object. In other words, what you see then what
you are looking at. In first angle you are given the object then the image, or what you are looking at, then what
you see.
Lab Task 2:

Extract all the orthographic projections from a given 3D Drawing.

Place these according to angle.
Fig 7.10
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Rubric for Lab Assessment
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent
4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good
3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average
2
partial results.
Worst
The student did not complete assigned tasks.
1
Instructor Signature: ______________________________ Date: ____________________
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LAB # 8: To explain the isometric drawings and display isometric
projections using drawing sheets and AutoCAD.
Objectives

To describe the fundamental concept of isometric views.

To construct the 1st angle and 3rd angle isometric projection using drawing sheets and AutoCAD
Pre Lab:
Familiarization with the Concept of Isometric in AutoCAD:
An Isometric drawing is a type of two-dimensional drawing that gives a three-dimensional (3D) appearance.
Isometric drawing is often used to produce pictorial representation of a mechanical part, injection-molded part,
architectural structure, or some other physical object. Pictorial representation a useful because they provide a
realistic view of the object being drawn compared to orthographic views. The drawing in Fig. 8.1 is an example
of isometric drawing created with AutoCAD.
Fig 8.1 An example of isometric drawing
Setting up an Isometric Drawing
Because isometric drawing is two dimensional, all the lines in an isometric drawing lie in a single plane
parallel to the computer screen. The drawing achieves the 3D effect by incorporating three axes at 120 angles,
as shown in Fig. 8.2. In AutoCAD, isometric drawing is accomplished by changing the SNAP style to
isometric mode.
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Fig 8.2 Identification of Isoplanes
Isometric Planes:
As you can see from Fig. 10.2 the 120 angle produce left, right and top imaginary drawing planes. These three
planes are known as isometric planes.
1. Start AutoCAD and begin a new drawing from scratch.
2. Set the grid at 1 unit and the snap resolution at 0.5 unit
3. Enter the SNAP command
4. Enter S for style.
5. Enter I for isometric
6. Enter 0.5 for the vertical spacing (This should be the default value).
You should now be in isometric drawing mode, with the crosshairs shifted to one of the three isometric
planes.
7. Move the crosshairs and notice that they run parallel to the isometric grid
8. Pick drafting setting from tools pull-down menu and pick the snap and grid tab in the drafting setting
dialogue box.
Notice the lower right area of this dialogue box that you can turn isometric snap on and off. Currently, it is
on because you turned it on with the SNAP command.
9. Pick the cancel button.
Toggling Planes:
When you produce isometric drawing, you will often use more than one of the three isometric planes. To
make your work easier, you can shift the crosshairs from one isometric plane to the next.
1. Press the CTRL and E keys and watch the crosshairs change.
2. Press CTRL and E again and again.
As you can see, this toggles the crosshairs from one isometric plane to the next.
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NOTE: You can also toggle the crosshair using the ISOPLANE command. Enter ISOPLANE and then enter
L, T or R to change to the left, top, and right planes, respectively.
In Lab Exercise:
Creating an Isometric Drawing:
Let’s construct a simple isometric drawing.
1. Create a layer name Objects, assign a colour of your choice to it, and make it the current layer.
2. Enter the LINE command and draw the aluminium block shown in Fig. 3. Make it 3×3×5 unit in size
3. Save your work in a file named iso.dwg.
4. After the block so that it looks similar to the one in Fig.8.3 (a), using the LINE, BREAK and ERASE
command.
5. Further alter the block so that it looks similar to the one in Fig.8.3 (b). Use the ELIPS command to
create holes.
(a)
Fig. 8.3
(b)
HINT: Since the ellipses are to be drawn on the three isometric planes, toggle the crosshairs to the correct
plane. Then choose the ELIPSE command’s isocircle option.
Fig. 8.4 Outline the circles
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Dimensioning an Isometric Drawing
To dimension an isometric drawing properly, you must rotate the dimensions so that they show more clearly
what is being dimensioned. To do so you can use the oblique option of the DIMEDIT command.
Compare the two drawings shown in the Figure 8.6. The drawing at the right of is the result of applying oblique
to the drawing at the left. Now let’s dimension the aluminium block.
1. Display the Dimension toolbar and use the oblique Dimension button to create the dimension as shown
in Fig 8.6.
2. In the lower left corner of the block, draw one horizontal and one vertical extension line.
Fig. 8.5 Dimension of isometric drawing
Notice that dimensions are not well-placed. This is because you have not yet applied oblique to them.
3. From the dimension toolbar, pick the Dimension Edit button to enter the DIMEDIT command.
4. Enter O for oblique.
5. Select the 3.000 dimension at the top of the block.
6. Enter -30 for the oblique angle.
The dimension rotates −30 to take its proper direction.
7. Use DIMEDIT to correct the appearance of the remaining dimensions.
HINT: Enter the oblique angle of 30 to -30, depending on the dimension you are editing.
8. Use grips if necessary to adjust the positions of the dimension line.
9. Edit the 1.000 dimension at the top of the block to suppress the right arrow for a cleaner appearance.
When you finish, your drawing should look like the one in Fig-8.7.
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Fig. 8.6 Isometric dimension
NOTE: In this drawing, you have not dimensioned the holes in the aluminium block. The completed drawing
would indicate size and location dimension for all three holes.
10. Return to AutoCAD’s standard drawing format using the SNAP command or the Drafting Settings
dialog box.
11. Close the dimension toolbar, save your work and exit AutoCAD.
Lab Task 1:
Design a 3D drawing from the given orthographic views according to appropriate specified angle.
Fig. 8.7
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Lab Task 2:
Design a 3D drawing from the given orthographic views according to appropriate specified angle
Fig. 8.8
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Rubric for Lab Assessment
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent
4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good
3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average
2
partial results.
Worst
The student did not complete assigned tasks.
1
Instructor Signature: ______________________________ Date: ____________________
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LAB # 9: To reproduce the structure of Electrical drawing using AutoCAD.
Objectives
To construct the single-line diagram (SLD) of electrical system using AutoCAD.
Pre Lab:
An electrical drawing, is a type of technical drawing that shows information about power, lighting,
and communication for an engineering. Any electrical working drawing consists of "lines, symbols, dimensions,
and notations to accurately convey engineering’s design to the workers, who install the electrical system on the
job. Electrical drafters prepare wiring and layout diagrams used by workers who erect, install, and repair
electrical equipment and wiring in communication centres, power plants, electrical distribution systems, and
buildings.
One-Line Diagrams:
One-line diagram – a diagram that uses single lines and graphic symbols to indicate the path and components
of an electrical circuit. One-line diagrams are used when information about a circuit is required but detail of the
actual wire connections and operation of the circuit is not.
In- Lab Exercise:
Fig 9.1
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Rubric for Lab Assessment
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent
4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good
3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average
2
partial results.
Worst
The student did not complete assigned tasks.
1
Instructor Signature: ______________________________ Date: ____________________
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LAB # 10: To reproduce the Architecture drawing using AutoCAD.
Objectives
To sketch the detailed dimensioned house plan using AutoCAD.
Pre Lab:
An architectural drawing or architect's drawing is a technical drawing of a building (or building project)
that falls within the definition of architecture. Architectural drawings are used by architects and others for a
number of purposes: to develop a design idea into a coherent proposal, to communicate ideas and concepts, to
convince clients of the merits of a design, to enable a building contractor to construct it, as a record of the
completed work, and to make a record of a building that already exists.
The development of the computer had a major impact on the methods used to design and create technical
drawings, making manual drawing almost obsolete and opening up new possibilities of form using organic
shapes and complex geometry. Today the vast majority of drawings are created using CAD software.
In- Lab Exercise:
Fig 10.1
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Rubric for Lab Assessment
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent
4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good
3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average
2
partial results.
Worst
The student did not complete assigned tasks.
1
Instructor Signature: ______________________________ Date: ____________________
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LAB # 11: To reproduce the cross-sectional view of Mechanical drawing
using AutoCAD.
Objectives
To construct the properly formatted cross sectional view of gear using AutoCAD.
Pre Lab:
Mechanical systems drawing is a type of technical drawing that shows information regarding to the different
parts/jobs/tools of a particular system. It is a powerful tool that helps analyze complex systems. These drawings
are often a set of detailed drawings used for construction projects
In- Lab Exercise:
Fig 11.1
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Rubric for Lab Assessment
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent
4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good
3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average
2
partial results.
Worst
The student did not complete assigned tasks.
1
Instructor Signature: ______________________________ Date: ____________________
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LAB #12: To follow the concept of 3-D modelling and sketch the drawings
using AutoCAD.
Objective
To reproduce the drawing based on the concept of 3-D modelling.
Pre Lab :
Familiarize yourself with 3-D Concept:
What is 3D?
3D is based on the way the human brain and eyes work. Because the pupils of a person’s eye are about
6.5 cm (about 2.5”) apart, each eye views a scene from a different angle and generates a unique image.
The brain merges the images to create a single picture. The slight difference between the image from the
right eye and the image from the left eye allows the brain to judge the depth. Stereoscopic vision is
attained.
Fig 12.1 3-D view of human brain
When a person views media such as photographs and television in 2D, each eye gathers essentially the
same information. In other words, because the image has no real depth, there is only one way of viewing
it. If there is any 3D impression at all, it comes from visual clues in the image, such as perspective.
Remember that what looks acceptable in 2D may not work as you want in 3D and may look terrible. A good
example of bad drawing is the non-use of arcs in the polyline command where a curved road section is
represented by a series of line segments. When turned into a kerb line in 3D it will look like the image below:
Fig 12.2 Inappropriate method in 3-D
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The correct drawing method (which is easier) produces a good looking and accurate result in 3D
Fig 12.3 Correct method in 3-D
In Lab Exercise:
COMMANDS:
Units--------- un (enter)
Dimensions---------- d (enter)
Limits---------- limits (enter) (0,0 – 100,100)
Grid ----------- grid (enter) (1)
Zoom ----------- z (enter) (a)
Line ------------ l (enter)
Circle
Extrude
Solid
SW isometric
Top view
Explanation:

First of all run the Auto CAD 2000 and perform the settings. Write the command of units and set the
units according to your need as we set units as inches. Length type should be architectural and precision
should be 0’-0 1/8”. The angle type should be Deg/Min/Sec and the precision should be 0d00’00”.

After this set the dimensions. Write the command of dimensions and click modify. Click on line and
enter baseline spacing, extend beyond dim lines and offset from origin as 1”. Then click on symbols
and arrows and enter arrow size as 1”. Then click on text and enter text height as 1”. Then click on
primary units and enter unit format as architectural, precision as 0.000, units format as Degree

Minutes Second and its precision as 0.000 then click ok and close.

The next step is to set the limits. Give the command of limits and put limits as (0,0 –100,100). Then
enter command of grid and enter its value as 1. Next step is to zoom. Enter command of zoom and then
enter a (all).

Go to top view and draw a rectangle of your desired length and two circles at a proper length.
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
Now extrude the circles and rectangle at different length. Copy the rectangle as shown.

Use solid command to fill the boxes and cylinders in SW isometric view.
Lab Task :
Design the object mention in Figure 12.4 in 3-D Modelling with the concept of layers.
Fig 12.4
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Rubric for Lab Assessment
The student performance for the assigned task during the lab session was:
The student completed assigned tasks without any help from the
Excellent
4
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student completed assigned tasks with minimal help from the
Good
3
instructor and showed the results appropriately.
The student could not complete all assigned tasks and showed
Average
2
partial results.
Worst
The student did not complete assigned tasks.
1
Instructor Signature: ______________________________ Date: ____________________
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