The Beginning of the Universe By Oscar Frederickson There was an extraordinary event that occurred billions of years ago. It was the start of the universe. It was the point at which a vast amount of energy in space violently expanded, resulting in the cosmos and everything else we see around us today. Understanding the history and nature of how the cosmos came into being may be the greatest scientific achievement. There are many different theories on what happened before the Significant Bang. It is a very big question. Although astronomers maintain that there is no solution to what happened before the Big Bang, there are various possibilities. Because there are no instruments to access the truth, it is assumed that one can hypothesize. The contrast between whether the cosmos is limited or infinite, in terms of time or space. Other concerns include whether the cosmos is infinite or has a limit. These are questions that have been posed for ages. For example, "Imagine a warrior with a spear at the edge of the cosmos, and he hurls the spear," Pluto's colleague Archytas added. "Does it seem to go on forever, or does it hit something and bounce back?" This leaves us with two options: either the cosmos is limitless, or it ends, and if it does, what is the end? Another theory is Copernicus. Where, the sun is stationary in the center of the universe and the earth revolves around it. Isaac Newton was the next to explore the vastness of the world. He proposed an endless universe that was boundless in extension, time, and space. Wright followed by envisioning a limitless number of planets in the universe. However, theoretically, this is difficult to accept. because, in an endless universe, every sideline, whether star or galaxy, must finish in a point of light. The light from each star is unlimited, the night sky must be as luminous as the daylight sky. This is a conundrum that Newton never solved. Galaxies originally were considered as "Island Universe". Isolated regions of gas, dust, and billions of stars separated by impossibly vast distances. According to experts, no galaxy is an island, and galaxies like companionship. A massive galaxy's gravitational pull attracts similar-sized and smaller companions. Galaxies can assemble hundreds of them or millions to form a massive cluster. Herschel attempted to map the immense cosmos that he knew existed. However, two quite distinct conceptions were at work at the turn of the twentieth century. The hazy nebulae in one of them were thought to represent distant systems of stars like the Milky Way, maybe hundreds of thousands of light years away. The accepted counter-model, on the other hand, claimed that these fuzzy patches of light were simply star formations inside our own huge galaxy, which was the universe. This was resolved by Edwin Hubble, who made the breakthrough finding by estimating the distance between a few dozen galaxies using astronomical measurements. The cosmos is made up of dark and mysterious matter as well as light and visible matter, which we call dark matter. Astronomers are certain that dark matter exists since the rule of gravity has been tested several times. For example, when dark matter is added to computer simulations, huge scale structures that resemble our universe emerge. The cosmos has expanded to one hundred billion kilometres. The cosmos can be described as a ten-billiondegree Celsius soup packed with several particles and energy. Things cool and calm down over several minutes. Atoms are stable and electrically neutral environments produced from hadrons and electrons. Some refer to this time as the "dark period" since there were no steps because hydrogen gas could not enable visible lights to move. After millions of years of clustering and gravitation putting it under tremendous pressure, stars and galaxies began to emerge. Their radiation converted the stable hydrogen gas into plasma, which still pervades the cosmos and allowing light source to flow through. There was finally light. However, in the very beginning or the “Big Bang”, we have no idea what really happed. Our instruments fail, and natural laws do not make sense. To understand what happened, we need a theory that integrates Einstein's Relativity with Quantum Mechanics, which many scientists are now working on. Still, this leaves many questions unresolved. Were there other worlds before ours? Is this the very first and only universe? What caused the Big Bang to occur? Or did it happen by chance?
