7. OTHER FACILITIES:
EMERGENCIES AND SAR
7.1 INTRODUCTION
ANNEX 14 ICAO chapter 9 “aerodrome equipment and facilities
• 9.1 airport emergency planning
• 9.2 rescue and firefighting
FACTORS TO TAKE INTO ACCOUNT IN THE DESIGN
• EU regulations,
• RD 862/2009 and modifications “Technical standards of design and operation of
aerodromes”
EMERGENCY PLANNING → EMERGENCY PLAN
• AESA technical instructions
• CERA 09 GUI 001 2 0 “Guide for the elaboration of the Manual of Airport”
• Its approval is required to obtain airport certification
• Describe in its annexes the Airport Emergency Plan
7.2 EMERGENCY PLANNING
EMERGENCY PLANNING: Set of measures planned to deal with an emergency that occurs in or
around the airport grounds, with the main objective of saving lives and minimizing the impact
on airport activity
7.3 TYPE OF EMERGENCIES
• Air accidents and incidents
• Hijacking (illicit get the control of a plane)
• Kidnappings (of people at airport facilities)
• Sabotage
• Accidents with dangerous goods
• Fires
• Natural disasters
• Public health emergencies
All included in the Emergency Plan of the airport
7.4 PLAN OF EMERGENCIES
• ICAO Doc9137 (Part7): Template Document to prepare the Emergency Planning
• The Plan of Emergencies coordinates the resources, internal and external, of the airport:
• Internal resources: ATS (Control), SAR (Search and Rescue), Medical Services, Security, ...
• External resources: Police, Firefighters, hospitals, civil protection, army, coastgurads, ...
The emergency plan includes the following information
• The types of emergencies expected
• The entities participating in the Plan
• Responsibilities
• Lists of names and telephone numbers
• Grid map of the airport and surroundings
• ICAO Doc9683: Instruction and Human Factor Manual for
the emergency plan
COORDINATION
For coordination purposes in the event of an emergency, ICAO recommends in Annex 14 the
existence of
• A fixed emergency operations center
• A mobile emergency operations center
COMMUNICATIONS
• Fundamental aspects of the Plan of Emergencies: management of the communications
• A communication system has to exist, and be implemented to enable the communication of
all agents in the Plan
TRIALS and SIMULATION
• A complete trial every 2 years Global evaluation of the Plan to check its suitability
• A partial trial each year to test and correct failures detected in the global test
TRIALS and SIMULATION
• A complete trial every 2 years Global evaluation of the Plan to check its suitability
• A partial trial each year to test and correct failures detected in the global test
7.5 RESCUE AND FIREFIGHTING
OBJECTIVE
• The main purpose of the rescue and firefighting service is to save lives in the event of
accidents or incidents that occur at or near the aerodrome.
• The rescue and firefighting service is provided to create and maintain conditions that allow
survival, establish ways out for occupants and begin rescuing occupants who cannot escape
without direct assistance.
• Rescue equipment and personnel other than those may be required intended primarily for
rescue and firefighting purposes
• The most important factors affecting effective rescue in aviation accidents in which there are
survivors are the training received, the effectiveness of the equipment and the speed with
which the personnel and equipment assigned to rescue and extinguishing fires can be used.
COMPONENTS:
• Staff
• Infrastructure
• Rescue vehicles and equipment
• Extinguishing chemical agents
• Water storage
• Individual protection equipment
• Tools
• Communication systems
• Service roads
• Training programs
• Procedures
PROTECTION LEVELS:
• The level of protection to be provided by the SAR teams, equipment, … will depend on the
category of the aerodrome
• The reference aircraft is that one operating 24 times or more during the 3 most-busy months
of the year
• The level of protection can be variable according to the level of activity along the year
• http://www.seguridadaerea.gob.es/media/4159068/paut_13_ins_ 016_1_0.pdf
EXTINGUISHING CHEMICAL AGENTS
Principal agent
• a minimum efficiency foam of level A or
• a minimum efficiency foam level B or
• a combination of these agents
• The airport services manual (Doc 9137), part 1, provides information on the required physical
properties and the necessary criteria.
Complementary agent:
• CO2
• Powder
• Halogenated hydrocarbons
• Others
RESPONSE TIME
• The operational objective of the rescue and extinction service of fires will consist of achieving
a response time not exceeding three minutes * to the end of each operational runway, in
optimal conditions of visibility and surface
• The response time is considered to be the period between the initial call to the rescue and
fire service and the application of foam by the first vehicles involved, at least 50% of the
specified discharge regime.
LOCATION
• Access to the movement area without obstacles for vehicles
• Avoid crossing runways
• Central location
• Good visibility of the areas to be covered
DESIGN
• Garaje
• Observation point
• Office
• Workshop and storage
• Resting room
• Decontamination room
• Dining room
• Kitchen
• Clothing room
• WC
• Bedrooms
• Gym
• Classrooms
FACILITIES
• Electricity
• Water
• Sanitation
• Air conditioning
• Fire detection
• Public address (PA) system and alarms
• Gas extraction
• Foam refilling
• Breathable air
• Compressed air