为什么看哪都像脸?(上)
Day 1
This is Scientific American’s 60-Second Science. I’m Karen Hopkin.
It’s ____________________________ you.
You look at a parking meter or a pickle slice or the foam in your cup of
cappuccino and you think, hey, that looks like a face.
It’s a ______________ called pareidolia and________________________
___________________________________________________________.
Now, a new study suggests we also do something else:_______________
___________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________.
The finding appears in the Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences. Growing up my sister Jenny and I had our own word for
examples of face pareidolia: “beezups.”
Susan Wardle, a cognitive neuroscientist at the National Institutes of
Health in Bethesda. __________________________________________.
Day 2
But Wardle must have felt some ______________ with beezups. As a
grownup, _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Jessica Taubert.
We were talking about face neurons in the brain, which respond
preferentially to images of faces. But ______________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________. That
reminded us of the experience of seeing faces in objects. And we thought
it would be fun to find out whether the face regions of the brain respond to
illusory faces _______________________________________________.
Indeed, in an earlier study, they found that __________________________
__________________________________ were also triggered by faux
faces in inanimate objects, like potatoes or teapots or washing machines.
But that made them wonder: ____________________________________
________________? For example, do these faces appear to be of a
particular age or gender? And ___________________________________
___________________________________________________________?
So they set out to collect a cornuopia of images.
为什么看哪都像脸?(下)
Day 3
We started by finding examples of face pareidolia on the internet.
Now, _______________________________________________________.
And we also take photos of illusory faces that we see out in the world.
They showed 250 of these photos ________________________________
______________________________________. And we found that ______
___________________________________________________________.
For example, a given illusory face might look like a fearful young boy or a
grumpy older woman. But most striking of all…
There was a strong bias for people to perceive illusory faces__________
______________________________________________________. About
four times as often, the researchers found.
And this was the case for both female and male participants.
So it wasn’t just that men saw Mr. Potato Head everywhere they looked.
It also ______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________.
And the male bias persists when the faces are shown in black and white,
so it’s not ___________________________________________________
________, either. Obviously none of these fake faces has a biological sex,
which means there is no reason for us to perceive them to have a
particular gender.
Day 4
The fact that we do shows the illusory faces also ____________________
_______________________________________________.
And the reason we default to seeing males is that our brains need more
information before we see a face as female. Think of a smiley face emoji.
Most people would probably say that______________________________
_______________________.
The addition of other details, such as eyelashes and hair, is used to make
emojis look more female. _______________________________________
___________________________________________________________.
The fact that we’re so quick to see faces in couch cushions and tree trunks
and slices of bread…gender assignments aside…is maybe not all that
surprising.
The same thing happens to monkeys…creatures ____________________
_______________________________________________.
And it suggests that we see illusory faces because, like other social
primates, our brains are so tuned into faces, ________________________
_____________________________________________, even if that
means occasionally making a mistake.
Seems the potential benefit of gaining a friend is worth more than______
______________________________.
For Scientific American’s 60-Second Science, I’m Karen Hopkin.