CHAPTER 05
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412 - PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
A Tra c Impact Assessment (TIA) is an important tool used to determine the transportation
impacts of a proposed land development project. It identi es the need for any improvements to a
transportation system to reduce congestion, maintain and improve safety, and provide site access
and impact mitigation associated with the project.
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COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
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CHAPTER 05
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
A TIA is an evaluation of the potential e ects that a particular development’s tra c will have on the
transportation network in its impact area. Magnitude of Studies will vary depending on:
Type of Development
Size or Density of Development
Location of Development
Residential, Commercial, Industrial, Recreational,
Institutional, etc.
Residential: Subdivision, High-rise Condominium
CBD, sub-urban, along busy Highway, etc.
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
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COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
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CHAPTER 05
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
PURPOSE OF TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
The main purpose of a tra c impact study is to Determine the Tra c Generated by a development
project and how the generated tra c a ect the existing conditions and Level-of-Service of the
Transportation System in the area;
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CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
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COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
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CHAPTER 05
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
PURPOSE OF TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Similarly, for a more detailed tra c impact study, the Environmental E ects of the tra c generated
are also analyzed;
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
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CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
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TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
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PURPOSE OF TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Finally, the Mitigating Schemes or Measures are proposed to alleviate the tra c impacts and
thereby improve the Level-of-Service of the transportation System.
COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
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CHAPTER 05
02 JANUARY 2023
FORECASTING: COMBINED TRAFFIC VOLUME
What will be the Level of Tra c in the Vicinity after the Development?
FUTURE
TRAFFIC
VOLUME
=
EXISTING
TRAFFIC
+
NATURAL
GROWTH
+
PROPOSED
DEVELOPMENT
+
OTHER
DEVELOPMENT
ROADWAY
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CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
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COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT ANSWERS THE FOLLOWING:
1. Will the New Project have Impact on Tra c on any existing residential streets and how will those
impacts be mitigated?
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CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
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COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT ANSWERS THE FOLLOWING:
2. Will the New Development aggravate any Existing Safety Hazards or Create New Ones and if
so, how can those hazards be corrected?
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT ANSWERS THE FOLLOWING:
3. Can the proposed development be served by Public Transport?
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT ANSWERS THE FOLLOWING:
5. Is the On-site Parking Su cient or is there an opportunity to share parking with other adjacent
uses?
CHAPTER 05
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
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COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT ANSWERS THE FOLLOWING:
6. How many Driveways are Needed, and how will these impact the external road?
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT ANSWERS THE FOLLOWING:
7. What are the Transport Improvements needed to serve the Tra c Generated by the New
Development?
COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
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CHAPTER 05
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT ANSWERS THE FOLLOWING:
8. How much will the Improvement Cost be and who will pay for them?
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
WARRANTS FOR THE CONDUCT OF TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
• When the proposed development is
expected to generate 100 new trips
during the AM or PM Peak
• When the proposed project is expected
to a ect the already congested areas
(causing LOS to Drop to D)
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COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
WARRANTS FOR THE CONDUCT OF TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
• Areas identi ed as accident black spots.
CHAPTER 05
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
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COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
WARRANTS FOR THE CONDUCT OF TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
• Threshold (ITE)
Residential Development with 150 dwelling units
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
Commercial Development with 1,400 sq.m. and above
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
WARRANTS FOR THE CONDUCT OF TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
• Threshold (ITE)
O ce: 3,250 sq.m.
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Industrial: 6,500 sq.m.
Educational: 2,790 sq.m. or 250 students
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
WARRANTS FOR THE CONDUCT OF TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
• Threshold (ITE)
Lodging: 120 Occupied Rooms
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
Medical: 4,270 sq.m.
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
WARRANTS FOR THE CONDUCT OF TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
A TIA is typically appropriate for the following local processes:
Zoning and rezoning application
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
Land Subdivision Application
Condominium Application
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
WARRANTS FOR THE CONDUCT OF TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
A TIA is typically appropriate for the following local processes:
Environmental Assessment
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
Special-purpose Districts
Site Plan Approval
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
WARRANTS FOR THE CONDUCT OF TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
This is a lot of work, so we only conduct TIA for large developments
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
LEVEL-OF-SERVICE (LOS) CRITERIA
Indicates ratio of actual volume to road capacity and is a measure of e ciency of the road.
LOS
Description
Condition of free ow with high speeds
and low tra c volume
In the zone of stable ow; drivers have
reasonable freedom to select their speeds
In the zone of stable ow; drivers are
restricted in selecting their speed
Approaches unstable ow ow with
nearly all drivers restricted; service
volume corresponds to tolerable capacity.
Tra c Volumes near or at capacity; ow
is unstable with momentary stopages
Forced or congested ow at low speeds;
long queues and delays
B
C
D
E
F
CHAPTER 05
0.20 - 0.44
0.45 - 0.69
0.70- 0.84
0.85 - 1.00
> 1.00
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
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fl
fl
fl
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fl
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
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COURSE
0.00 - 0.19
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
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A
VolumeCapacity
Ratio
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
SAMPLE TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
4. BASELINE TRAFFIC
7. ANALYSIS OF TRAFFIC
1.1 Background
1.2 Scope of the Study
4.1 Identi cation of Critical Movements
4.2 Baseline Tra c
2. THE STUDY AREA
5. TRIP GENERATION & ASSESSMENT
7.1 Background
7.2 Road Capacity Analysis
7.3 Intersection Analysis
7.4 Project Site Tra c Analysis
7.5 Parking Recommendations
2.1 Location
2.2 Accessibility
2.3 Impact Area
3. DATA COLLECTION
3.1 Primary Surveys
3.2 Secondary Data
3.3 Tra c Counts
3.4 Travel Time Survey
3.5 PR Occupancy Survey
3.6 Pedestrian & NMT Counts
CHAPTER 05
6. ESTIMATION OF FUTURE TRAFFIC
6.1 Background
6.2 Future LOS Without Development
6.3 Future LOS With Development
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8. RECOMMENDATIONS
8.1 Tra c Engineering and Management
8.2 Public Transport Facilities
8.3 Pedestrian Facilities
8.4 Internal Circulation
8.5 Parking
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
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5.1 Background
5.2 Trips Produced and Attracted by the
Development
5.3 Tra c Assignment
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
SAMPLE TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
1.2 Scope of the Study
2. THE STUDY AREA
2.1 Location
2.2 Accessibility
2.3 Impact Area
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
SAMPLE TABLE OF CONTENTS
3. DATA COLLECTION
3.1 Primary Surveys
3.2 Secondary Data
3.3 Tra c Counts
3.4 Travel Time Survey
3.5 PR Occupancy Survey
3.6 Pedestrian & NMT Counts
4. BASELINE TRAFFIC
4.1 Identi cation of Critical Movements
4.2 Baseline Tra c
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
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CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
SAMPLE TABLE OF CONTENTS
5. TRIP GENERATION & ASSESSMENT
5.1 Background
5.2 Trips Produced and Attracted by the
Development
5.3 Tra c Assignment
6. ESTIMATION OF FUTURE TRAFFIC
6.1 Background
6.2 Future LOS Without Development
6.3 Future LOS With Development
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
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CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
SAMPLE TABLE OF CONTENTS
7. ANALYSIS OF TRAFFIC
7.1 Background
7.2 Road Capacity Analysis
7.3 Intersection Analysis
7.4 Project Site Tra c Analysis
7.5 Parking Recommendations
8. RECOMMENDATIONS
8.1 Tra c Engineering and Management
8.2 Public Transport Facilities
8.3 Pedestrian Facilities
8.4 Internal Circulation
8.5 Parking
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
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CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
TYPICAL SCOPE OF RECOMMENDATIONS
The Scope of recommendations for the conduct of TIA includes but is not limited to the following:
Road Geometry
Transport Improvements
PI
V
Δ
T1
G
t1
Δ1
PCC
Δ2
PC
PT
Δ1
COURSE
H
t2
R1
CHAPTER 05
T2
Δ2
R2
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
TYPICAL SCOPE OF RECOMMENDATIONS
The Scope of recommendations for the conduct of TIA includes but is not limited to the following:
Tra c Safety
CHAPTER 05
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Transport Facilities related to Public Transport,
Bicycle and Pedestrian Travel
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
TYPICAL SCOPE OF RECOMMENDATIONS
The Scope of recommendations for the conduct of TIA includes but is not limited to the following:
Site Circulation and Parking
CHAPTER 05
Neighborhood Tra c and Parking Management
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
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COURSE
Travel Demand Management
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
TIME ELEMENTS IN TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
• Horizon years (planning periods)
• Refer to the anticipated completion date of the proposed development
• Forecast for 20 years
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
TIME ELEMENTS IN TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
• Time Periods to be Analyzed
• AM and PM street peak (weekday / weekend)
• AM and PM site peak (weekday / weekend)
• Noon peak (weekday / weekend)
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
TIME ELEMENTS IN TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
• Impact during construction and operations
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
ACTORS IN TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Developer as Proponent
Government as regulator and evaluator
Consultant or Preparer
Community
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
ACTIVITY NO.05
GROUP ACTIVITY (MAXIMUM OF 5 MEMBERS PER GROUP)
• SAMPLE OF TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
- Within or Outside Philippines
- Within Urban Area
- Summarized
Format:
- A4 Size Paper
- Margin: 1.5 cm
- Font Style: Arial
- Font Size: 12
Due Date: 24 January 2022 (Tuesday)
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023
END OF PRESENTATION
CHAPTER 05
COURSE
TRAFFIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT
CE412-PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTOR
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
DATE
02 JANUARY 2023