COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
Sector:
TOURISM SECTOR (Hotel and Restaurant)
Qualification:
NC LEVEL II
Unit of Competency:
DEVELOP AND UPDATE INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
Module Title:
DEVELOPING AND UPDATE INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority
ATONIYA SKILLS EDUCATION INC.
HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
Welcome to the module on DEVELOPING AND UPDATE INDUSTRY
KNOWLEDGE. This module contains training materials and activities for you
to complete.
The unit of competency “DEVELOP AND UPDATE INDUSTRY
KNOWLEDGE" contains knowledge, skills and attitudes required for
DEVELOPING AND UPDATING INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE. It is one of the Core
Modules at National Certificate (NC II)
You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to
complete each learning outcome of the module. In each learning outcome there
are Information Sheets, Resource Sheets and Reference Materials for further
reading to help you better understand the required activities. Follow these
activities on your own and answer the self-check at the end of each learning
outcome. Get the answer key from your instructor and check your work
honestly.
If you have questions, please don’t hesitate to ask your facilitator for
assistance. Your facilitator will always be a available to assist you during the
training.
Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)
You may already have some or most of the knowledge and skills covered in
this module because you have:


been working for some time
already completed training in this area.
If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a
particular skill or skills, talk to him/her about having them formally recognized
so you don't have to do the same training again.
If you have a qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous
trainings, show it to your trainer. If the skills you acquired are still current and
relevant to the unit/s of competency they may become part of the evidence you
can present for RPL. If you are not sure about the currency of your skills,
discuss this with your trainer.
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
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Document No.
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EDUCATION INC.
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At the end of this module is a Learner’s Diary. Use this diary to record
important dates, jobs undertaken and other workplace events that will assist
you in providing further details to your trainer or assessor. A Record of
Achievement is also provided for your trainer to complete once you complete
the module.
This module was prepared to help you achieve the required competency,
in DEVELOP AND UPDATE INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE. This will be the source
of information for you to acquire knowledge and skills in this particular trade
independently and at your own pace, with minimum supervision or help from
your instructor.
 In doing the activities to complete the requirements of this module,
please be guided by the following:

 Talk to your trainer and agree on how you will both organize the
Training of this unit. Read through the module carefully. It is
divided into sections, which cover all the skills, and knowledge you
need to successfully complete this module.

Work through all the information and complete the activities in
each section. Read information sheets and complete the self-check.
Suggested references are included to supplement the materials
provided in this module.

Most probably your trainer will also be your supervisor or
manager. He/she is there to support you and show you the correct
way to do things.

Your trainer will tell you about the important things you need to
consider when you are completing activities and it is important
that you listen and take notes.

You will be given plenty of opportunity to ask questions and
practice on the job. Make sure you practice your new skills during
regular work shifts. This way you will improve both your speed and
memory and also your confidence.

Talk to more experience workmates and ask for their guidance.

Use the self-check questions at the end of each section to test your
own progress.
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
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
When you are ready, ask your trainer to watch you perform the
activities outlined in this module.

As you work through the activities, ask for written feedback on
your progress. Your trainer keeps feedback/ pre-assessment
reports for this reason. When you have successfully completed
each element, ask your trainer to mark on the reports that you are
ready for assessment.

When you have completed this module (or several modules), and
feel confident that you have had sufficient practice, your trainer
will arrange an

Appointment with registered assessor to assess you. The results of
your assessment will be recorded in your competency Achievement
Record.
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
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EDUCATION INC.
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QUALIFICATION LEVEL
COMPETENCY BASED CURRICULUM
No.
Unit of Competency
Module Title
Code
1. Develop and update
industry knowledge
Developing and update
industry knowledge
TRS311201
2. Observe Workplace
Hygiene Procedures
Observing Workplace
Hygiene Procedures
TRS311202
3. Perform Computer
Operations
Performing Computer
Operations
TRS3112013
4. Perform Workplace and
Safety Practices
Performing Workplace and
Safety Practices
TRS3112014
5. Provide Effective
Customer Service
Providing Effective
Customer Service
TRS3112015
QUALIFICATION
: Bread and Pastry Production NC Level II
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
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EDUCATION INC.
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UNIT OF COMPETENCY : Develop And Update Industry Knowledge
MODULE TITLE
: Developing And Updating Industry Knowledge
INTRODUCTION
NOMINAL DURATION
LEARNING OUTCOMES
: This module covers the knowledge, skills &
attitudes in promoting career growth and
advancement
: 44 HRS
:
Upon completion of this module, the trainee/ student must be able to:
1. Identify and access key sources of information on the industry
2. Access, apply and share industry information
3. Update continuously relevant industry knowledge
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1.1 Sources of information on the industry are correctly identified and
accessed.
1.2 Information to assist effective work performance is obtained in line
with job requirements
1.3 Specific information on sector of work is accessed and updated
1.4 Industry information is correctly applied to day-to-day work
activities
2.1 Informal and/or formal research is used to update general
knowledge of industry
2.2 Updated knowledge is shared with customers and colleagues as
appropriate and incorporated into day-to-day working activities
PRE – REQUISETE:
 Before you tackle this module you must complete first the module
on: Basic Tool Competencies
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
January 09, 2020
Document No.
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EDUCATION INC.
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LEARNING EXPERIENCES / ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome # 1 Identify and access key sources of
information on the industry
Learning Activities
Special Instructions
Are you ready to perform this
activity?
If ready, take your time and be
sure to observe the standard
procedures in all your activities.
1. Read information sheet 1
2. Read information sheet 2
3. Answer: self – Check to
assess your knowledge
4. Refers to Model Answer #5
for the correct answer of
self – check.
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
January 09, 2020
Document No.
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INFORMATION SHEET 1-LO# 1
Sources of Information on the Industry
WHAT IS MEDIA?
www.LXTmedia.com
Media (the plural of "medium") - referring to those organized means of
dissemination of fact, opinion, entertainment, and other information, such as
newspapers, magazines, banners and billboards, cinema films, radio,
television, the World Wide Web, billboards, books, CDs, DVDs,
videocassettes, computer games and other forms of publishing.
Types of Media
a. Mass Media - is mainly used by academics and media-professionals. When
members of the general public refer to "the media" they are
usually referring to the mass media, or to the news media.
Sometimes mass media (and the news media in particular) are
referred to as the "corporate media".
b. Mainstream Media - includes outlets that are in harmony with the
prevailing direction of influence in the c ulture at large.
c. Corporate Media - is often used by leftist media critics to imply that the
mainstream media are themselves composed of large
multinational corporations, and promote those interests (see e.g.,
Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting; Herman and Chomsky's
"A Propaganda Model").
History
During the 20th century, the growth of mass media was driven by technology
that allowed the massive duplication of material. Physical duplication
technologies such as printing, record pressing and film duplication allowed
the duplication of books, newspapers and movies at low prices to huge
audiences. Radio and television allowed the electronic duplication of
information for the first time. Mass media had the economics of linear
replication: a single work could make money proportional to the number of
copies sold, and as volumes went up, units costs went down, increasing profit
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
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margins further. Vast fortunes were to be made in mass media. In a democratic
society, independent media serve to educate the public/electorate about
issues regarding government and corporate entities (see Mass media and
public opinion). Some consider the concentration of media ownership to be
a grave threat to democracy.
Timeline
1453: Johnannes Gutenberg prints the Bible, using his printing press,
ushering in the Renaissance
1825: Nicéphore Niépce takes the first permanent photograph
1830: Telegraphy is independently developed in England and the United
States.
1876: First telephone call made by Alexander Graham Bell
1878: Thomas Alva Edison patents the phonograph
1890: First juke box in San Francisco's Palais Royal Saloon.
1890: Telephone wires are installed in Manhattan.
1895: Cinematograph invented by Auguste and Louis Lumiere
1896: Hollerith founds the Tabulating Machine Co. It will become IBM in 1924.
1898: Loudspeaker is invented.
1906: The Story of the Kelly Gang from Australia is world's first feature
length film.
1909: RMS Republic, a palatial White Star passenger liner, uses the Marconi
Wireless for a distress at sea. She had been in
a collision. This is the first "breaking news" mass media event.
1912: Air mail begins
1913: Edison transfers from cylinder recordings to more easily reproducible
discs
1913: The portable phonograph is manufactured.
1915: Radiotelephone carries voice from Virginia to the Eiffel Tower
1916: Tunable radios invented.
1919: Short-wave radio is invented.
1920: KDKA-AM in Pittsburgh, United States, becoming the world's first
commercial radio station.
1922: BBC is formed and broadcasting to London.
1924: KDKA created a short-wave radio transmitter.
1925: BBC broadcasting to the majority of the UK.
1926: NBC is formed
1927: The Jazz Singer: The first motion picture with sounds debuts
1927: Philo Taylor Farnsworth debuts the first electronic television system
1928: The Teletype was introduced.
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
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1933: Edwin Armstrong invents FM Radio
1934: Half of the homes in the U.S. have radios.
1935: First telephone call made around the world.
1936: BBC opened world's first regular (then defined as at least 200 lines) high
definition television service.
1938: The War of the Worlds is broadcast on October 30, causing mass
hysteria.
1939: Western Union introduces coast-to-coast fax service.
1939: Regular electronic television broadcasts begin in the U.S.
1939: The wire recorder is invented in the U.S.
1940: The first commercial television station, WNBT (now WNBC-TV)/New York
signs on the air
1951: The first color televisions go on sale
1957: Sputnik is launched and sends back signals from near earth orbit
1959: Xerox makes the first copier
1960: Echo I, a U.S. balloon in orbit, reflects radio signals to Earth.
1962: Telstar satellite transmits an image across the Atlantic.
1963: Audio cassette is invented in the Netherlands.
1963: Martin Luther King gives "I have a dream" speech.
1965: Vietnam War becomes first war to be televised.
1967: Newspapers, magazines start to digitize production.
1969: Man's first landing on the moon is broadcast to 600 million people
around the globe.
1970s: ARPANET, progenitor to the internet developed
1971: Intel debuts the microprocessor
1972: Pong becomes the first video game to win widespread popularity.
1976: JVC introduces VHS videotape - becomes the standard consumer format
in the 1980s & 1990s.
1980: CNN launches
1980: New York Times, Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones put news database
online.
1981: The laptop computer is introduced by Tandy.
1983: Cellular phones begin to appear
1984: Apple Macintosh is introduced.
1985: Pay-per-view channels open for business.
1991: World-Wide Web (WWW) publicly released by Tim Berners-Lee at
CERN.
1993: CERN announces that the WWW will be free for anyone to use.
1995: The internet grows exponentially
1996: First DVD players and discs are available in Japan. Twister is the first
film on DVD.
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
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EDUCATION INC.
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Purposes
Mass media can be used for various purposes:
• Advocacy, both for business and social concerns. This can include
advertising, marketing, propaganda, public relations, and
political communication.
• Enrichment and education, such as literature.
• Entertainment, traditionally through performances of acting, music, and
sports, along with light reading; since the late 20th century also
through video and computer games.
• Journalism. Public service announcements.
Journalism
Journalism is a discipline of collecting, analyzing, verifying, and presenting
information regarding current events, trends, issues and people. Those who
practice journalism are known as journalists.
Public relations
Public relations is the art and science of managing communication between
an organization and its key publics to build, manage and sustain its positive
image. Examples include:
• Corporations use marketing public relations (MPR) - Typically, they support
sales in the short and long term, establishing and burnishing the corporation's
branding for a strong, ongoing market.
• Corporations also use public-relations as a vehicle - they may use public
relations to portray themselves as enlightened employers, in support of
human-resources recruiting programs.
• Non-profit organizations - including schools and universities, hospitals, and
human and social service agencies, use public relations in support of
awareness programs, fund-raising programs, staff recruiting, and to increase
patronage of their services. Politicians use public relations to attract votes and
raise money, and, when successful at the ballot box, to promote and defend
their service in office, with an eye to the next election or, at career’s end, to
their legacy.
Forms
Electronic media and print media include:
• Broadcasting, in the narrow sense, for radio and television.
• Various types of discs or tape. In the 20th century, these were mainly used
for music. Video and computer uses followed.
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
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• Film, most often used for entertainment, but also for documentaries.
• Internet, which has many uses and presents both opportunities and
challenges. Blogs and podcasts, such as news, music, pre-recorded speech
and video)
• Publishing, in the narrow sense, meaning on paper, mainly via books,
magazines, and newspapers. Computer games, which have developed into a
mass form of media since devices such as the PlayStation 2 , Xbox, and the
Game Cube broadened their use.
Broadcasting
Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and/or video signals (programs) to
a number of recipients ("listeners" or "viewers") that belong to a large group.
This group may be the public in general, or a relatively large audience within
the public. Thus, an Internet channel may distribute text or music world-wide,
while a public address system in (for example) a workplace may broadcast very
limited ad hoc soundbites to a small population within its range.
Film
Film is a term that encompasses motion pictures as individual projects, as well
as the field in general. The origin of the name comes from the fact that
photographic film (also called filmstock) has historically been the primary
medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Films are produced by
recording people and objects with cameras, or by creating them using
animation techniques and/or special effects.
Internet
The Internet (also known simply as "the Net") can be briefly understood as "a
network of networks". Specifically, it is the worldwide, publicly accessible
network of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet
switching using the standard Internet Protocol (IP). It consists of millions of
smaller domestic, academic, business, and governmental networks, which
together carry various information and services, such as electronic mail,
online chat, file transfer, and the interlinked Web pages and other documents
of the World Wide Web.
Contrary to some common usage, the Internet and the World Wide Web are
not synonymous: the Internet is a collection of interconnected computer
networks, linked by copper wires, fiber-optic cables, wireless connections
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
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etc.; the Web is a collection of interconnected documents, linked by hyperlinks
and URLs.
The World Wide Web is accessible via the Internet, along with many other
services including e-mail, file sharing.
Publishing
Publishing is the industry concerned with the production of literature or
information – the activity of making information available for public view. In
some cases, authors may be their own publishers. Traditionally, the term refers
to the distribution of printed works such as books and newspapers. With the
advent
of digital information systems and the Internet, the scope of publishing has
expanded to include websites, blogs, and the like.
Book
A book is a collection of sheets of paper, parchment or other material with a
piece of text written on them, bound together along one edge within covers.
Magazine
A magazine is a periodical publication containing a variety of articles,
generally financed by advertising and/or purchase by readers. Magazines are
typically published weekly, biweekly, monthly, bimonthly or quarterly, with
a date on the cover that is in advance of the date it is actually published.
They are often printed in color on coated paper, and are bound with a soft
cover.
Magazines fall into two broad categories: consumer magazines and business
magazines
Magazines can be classified as:
• General interest magazines (e.g. Frontline, India Today, The Week, etc)
• Special interest magazines (women's, sports, business, scuba diving, etc)
Newspaper
A newspaper is a publication containing news and information and
advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called newsprint. It may be
general or special interest, most often published daily or weekly. The first
printed newspaper was published in 1605, and the form has thrived even in
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
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the face of competition from technologies such as radio and television. Recent
developments on the Internet are posing major threats to its business model,
however.
Software publishing
A software publisher is a publishing company in the software industry
between the developer and the distributor.
Software publishers often license software from developers with specific
limitations, such as a time limit or geographical region. The terms of licensing
vary enormously, and are typically secret. Developers may use publishers to
reach larger or foreign markets, or to avoid focusing on marketing. Or
publishers may use developers to create software to meet a market need that
the publisher has identified.
Video and computer games
Namco's Pac-Man was a hit, and became a cultural phenomenon. The game
spawned merchandise, a cartoon series and pop songs, and was one of the
most heavily cloned video games of all-time. A computer game is a computercontrolled game. A video game is a computer game where a video display such
as a monitor or television is the primary feedback device. The term "computer
game" also includes games which
display only text (and which can therefore theoretically be played on a
teletypewriter) or which use other methods, such as sound or vibration. There
always must also be some sort of input device, usually in the form of
button/joystick combinations (on arcade games), a keyboard &
mouse/trackball combination (computer games), or a controller (console
games), or a combination of any of the above. In common usage, a "computer
game" or a "PC game" refers to a game that is played on a personal computer.
"Console game" refers to one that is played on a device specifically designed for
the use of such, while interfacing with a standard television set. "Video game"
(or "videogame") has evolved into a catchall phrase that encompasses the
aforementioned along with any game made for any other device, including, but
not limited to, mobile phones,
PDAs, advanced calculators, etc.
LXT Media Press Information
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
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INFORMATION 2- LO# 1
INDUSTRY INFORMATION SOURCES
Industries are groups of companies that sell the same products or services.
For example, companies such as General Motors and Toyota make up the
automobile manufacturing industry. Some of the sources on this guide provide
short summaries of numerous industries; others analyze particular industries
in detail. Some include information on buyers as well as sellers of particular
products or services.
The sources on this guide are a sample of important print and online industry
resources. They include books at Rod Library, online sources to which Rod
Library subscribes (marked with an *), and other web sources which at this
time are free or partially free. Call numbers are listed under the titles of print
sources available at the library. Underlined titles can be accessed via the web.
If accessing a Rod Library subscription database from off campus, you will be
prompted for your last name and UNI student ID number.
Other Library User Guides go into more detail on finding information on topics
such as accounting, companies, economics, finance, financial ratios,
industries, management, and marketing.
Industry Information Sources guide will help you locate information on
industries. It is selective, including only major titles in the field. For additional
resources check the Library Catalog under the appropriate subject headings, or
ask for assistance from a reference librarian.
I. ARTICLE INDEXES
Business Source Premier, Lexis-Nexis, and Business & Company Resource
Center, can all be accessed via the Libraries' homepage,
(http://library.lib.binghamton.edu) under metaLink, then Management and
Business.
Business Source Premier
This full text database provides access to over 1000 business and economics
journals. It also contains company and industry profiles, country reports, and
market research reports.
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
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Business & Company Resource Center
Click on Industry to search for reports by industry code (SIC or NAICS) or by
keyword. Click Articles to find articles from industry and trade magazines.
LEXIS-NEXIS
To find industry articles, click on Business, then Industry & Market and then
select your industry. Articles are full-text.
II. INDUSTRY CODES
North American Industry Classification System Ref HF 1042 .N66 2002
This is the new system, devised by the Department of Commerce, to replace the
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes. Numerous business directories
and government publications use the codes.
Standard Industrial Classification Manual Ref HF 1042 .A55
This is a guide to Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes, which are
codes assigned to products and services by the U.S. government. Replaced in
July 1998 by the NAIC manual, above.
Standard International Trade Classification Revision 3 Ref HF 1041 .U56
1986
This is the set of broad industry codes used by the United Nations. There is no
relation to either the SIC or NAIC codes used by the United States.
Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States Gov. Docs ITC 1.10
International product category codes used by importers and exporters.
III. INFORMATION ABOUT INDUSTRIES
Standard and Poors' Industry Surveys Ref HC 102 .S8
This quarterly survey provides analysis of U.S. industries. Each section has
several statistical tables, and information about individual companies within
specific industries.
Automotive News Market Data Book Ref HD 9710 .U5 A85
Has detailed statistics for the world auto industry, with the main emphasis on
the United States. Includes sales, production, prices, etc.
Business & Company Resource Center Internet database
Contains industry reports. See description on first page.
Business Statistics of the United States Ref Desk HC 101 .A13122
Has historical statistics on production, capacity, employment, orders,
inventories, etc. Look in the Table of Contents under "Industry Profiles".
County Business Patterns...New York Ref HC 107 .N7 C85
Very basic industry information for Broome County.
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
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Industry Review Ref HG .4961 .M68
Has comparative financial statistics on individual public companies arranged
by industry.
Information, Finance, & Services USA Ref HD 9981.1 .I54
Contains industry analyses, statistics, and information on leading companies.
Arranged by NAICS code.
Infrastructure Industries USA Ref HC 79 C3 I54
Covers the agriculture, mining, utilities, construction, and transportation
industries.
Manufacturing & Distribution USA Ref HD 9721.M364
Contains industry analyses, statistics, and information on leading companies.
Arranged by NAICS code.
Statistical Abstract of the United States Info Commons Ref DeskHA 206
.S8
Published annually by the U.S. government. Look under the industry name in
the index.
Ward's Automotive Yearbook Ref HD 9710 .U5 W3
Has statistics for the automotive industry, with a focus on North America.
IV. BUSINESS RATIOS
These sources provide the operating and financial ratios of many industries,
arranged by SIC code.
Almanac of Business and Industrial Financial Ratios Ref HF 5681 .R25
T68
Industry Norms and Key Business Ratios Ref HF 5681 .R25 I54
RMA Annual Statement Studies Ref HF 5681 .B2 R6
Colleen Hailey/Bartle Reference & Collections/Binghamton University/8-06
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
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Select
Country
Country > Trade Information Sources > Selected Printed Information Sources
Records 101 to 112
Total Records : 112
Page [ 1 2 3 4 5]
Sr.#
Title
Year
Publisher
Philippine Exporters
Philippine Exporters Confederation,
101
Confederation
Inc.
Philippines. Board of
102
Philippines. Board of Investments
Investments
Philippines. Center for
Center for International Trade
103 International Trade
Expositions and Missions
Expositions and Missions
Philippines. Chamber of
Philippines. Chamber of Furniture
104
Furniture Industries
Industries
Philippines. Department of Trade
Philippines. Department of
105
and Industry. Trade and Industry
Trade and Industry
Information Center
106 Philippines. e-Yellow Pages
Philippines. E-Yellow Pages
Philippines. Investor Relations
107
Philipines. Investor Relations Office
Office
Philippines. Motor Vehicle
Philippines. Motor Vehicle Parts
108 Parts Manufacturers
Manufacturers Association
Association
Philippines. National
Philippines. National Economic
109 Economic and Development
Development Authority
Authority (NEDA)
Philippines. Official
110
Government Portal
Philippines. Department of Trade
and Industry. Bureau of Export
111 Tradeline Philippines
Trade Promotion
United Coconut Associations
United Coconut Associations of the
112
of the Philippines, Inc. (UCAP)
Philippines, Inc.
Philippines
Information Technology in The Philippines
Impacts of National Information Technology Environments on Business
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Sources and Links
□ The Philippine Star, A daily newspaper from Manila
□ Business World - Internet Edition
□ American Journalism Review, A List of Philippines Newspapers
□ Republic of the Philippines, National Statistics Office
□ The Asia/Pacific IT Forum, A conference in Asia on IT issues. The theme of
this year's (January 2000) will be "Navigating the New Economy in the World's
Most Dynamic IT Markets."
□ The Philippine Commission on Year 2000 Compliance, The Philippines'
official Y2K website on preparing for the millenium bug.
□ The Philippines, A country study done by the Library of Congress.
□ Information on the Philippines, another country study with various links to
country information.
□ IT Matters Daily News, from Manila
□ ASEAN, The Associaton of South East Asian Nations
□ The World Bank Group, data and statistics on third world/developing
countries
□ US State Department, Bureau of Consular Affairs, The Philippines Consular
Information Sheet
□ Embassy of the United States in Manila
□ The Philippines Government, Department of Trade and Industry
□ The Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company, the country's major
telecommunications provider
□ The International Telecommunications Union
□ Ecommerce Today, an Australian site providing great articles on ecommerce
in the Asia-Pacific region
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□ NUA Internet Surveys, the latest on Internet development and progress
□ Telecommunications at a Glance, statistics provided by ITU by country or
telecom operator
□ Telegeography, Inc., statistics, maps and reports on network infrastructure
around the globe
□ Philippines sites,provided by Jetlink, a Filipino ISP
□ ISP directory, for the Philippines
□ Philippines search engines, and other great links to informational sites on
the Philippines, provided by the Department of Trade and Industry
□ Philippines Information, more links to sites on the Philippines
□ Doing Business in the Philippines, Provided by Far East Bank and Trust
Company
□ Internet Software Consortium, resource for Host counts done by Network
Wizards
□ Global Crossing, owns most of the trans-oceanic cable
□ APEC, Asian Pacific Economic Corporation
□ Federal Communications Commission, International Bureau
□ Asian Development Bank, data and statistics for the Asia-Pacific region
Footnotes
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General Information on the Philippines
1"Destination
the Philippines," Lonely Planet
(http://www.lonelyplanet.com/dest/sea/phil.html), current November 11,
1999.
Telecommunications Infrastructure
1"The
Dynamics of the Information Technology Industry in the Philippines," IT
Action Agenda for the 21st Century (October 1997), National Information
Technology Council (http://www.neda.gov.ph/IT21/IT21Final%20Text
%20(Web).htm), current December 9, 1999.
2"Quantum
DDB Philippines Inc. 1999 Planning Session Report," Prepared for
MCI WorldCom, October 15, 1998, Pasig City, Philippines.
3"Quantum
DDB Philippines Inc. 2000 Communications Plan Report," Prepared
for MCI WorldCom, October, 1999, Pasig City, Philippines.
4"The
Dynamics of the Information Technology Industry in the Philippines," IT
Action Agenda for the 21st Century (October 1997), National Information
Technology Council (http://www.neda.gov.ph/IT21/IT21Final%20Text
%20(Web).htm), current December 9, 1999.
5"The
Dynamics of the Information Technology Industry in the Philippines," IT
Action Agenda for the 21st Century (October 1997), National Information
Technology Council (http://www.neda.gov.ph/IT21/IT21Final%20Text
%20(Web).htm), current December 9, 1999 and "Basic Indicators of Teledensity
in the World," International Telecommunications Union (November 1999),
(http://www.itu.int/ti/industryoverview/index.htm), current November 30,
1999.
6"The
Dynamics of the Information Technology Industry in the Philippines," IT
Action Agenda for the 21st Century (October 1997), National Information
Technology Council (http://www.neda.gov.ph/IT21/IT21Final%20Text
%20(Web).htm), current December 9, 1999.
7"Cellular
Subscribers in the World," International Telecommunications Union
(November 1999), (http://www.itu.int/ti/industryoverview/index.htm), current
November 30, 1999.
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8"The
Dynamics of the Information Technology Industry in the Philippines," IT
Action Agenda for the 21st Century (October 1997), National Information
Technology Council (http://www.neda.gov.ph/IT21/IT21Final%20Text
%20(Web).htm), current December 9, 1999.
9"Philippine
Long Distance Telephone Company (PLDT) Builds Path to NextGeneration Network Services with Cisco Systems Equipment," (December 6,
1999) Cisco System's Asia Pacific New and Information
(http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/146/asia_pr/december99/2.html),
current December 9, 1999.
10"PLDT
- Company Information," PLDT (http://www.pldt.com.ph), current
December 2, 1999.
11"Philippine
Long Distance Telephone Company (PLDT) Builds Path to NextGeneration Network Services with Cisco Systems Equipment," (December 6,
1999) Cisco System's Asia Pacific New and Information
(http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/146/asia_pr/december99/2.html),
current December 9, 1999.
12"PhIX
Network," PhIX - Philippines Internet Exchange
(http://www.phix.net.ph/phix/network.html), current December 2, 1999.
13"Quantum
DDB Philippines Inc. Brand Review," Prepared for MCI WorldCom,
April 15, 1999, Pasig City, Philippines.
14"The
Dynamics of the Information Technology Industry in the Philippines," IT
Action Agenda for the 21st Century (October 1997), National Information
Technology Council (http://www.neda.gov.ph/IT21/IT21Final%20Text
%20(Web).htm), current December 9, 1999.
Privatization and Deregulation
1"Quantum
DDB Philippines Inc. Brand Review," Prepared for MCI WorldCom,
April 15, 1999, Pasig City, Philippines.
2"The
Dynamics of the Information Technology Industry in the Philippines," IT
Action Agenda for the 21st Century (October 1997), National Information
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Technology Council (http://www.neda.gov.ph/IT21/IT21Final%20Text
%20(Web).htm), current December 9, 1999.
7"Quantum
DDB Philippines Inc. Brand Review," Prepared for MCI WorldCom,
April 15, 1999, Pasig City, Philippines.
13"Quantum
DDB Philippines Inc. 1999 Planning Session Report," Prepared for
MCI WorldCom, October 15, 1998, Pasig City, Philippines.
Internet Activity
1"MosCom
- Company Information," MosCom
(http://www.mozcom.com/company/profile.html), current December 2, 1999.
2"Paul
Budde Communcations: 240 Percent Growth in Asia Since 1996,"
(August 14, 1997) NUA Internet Surveys (http://www.nua.ie/surveys), current
November 9, 1999.
3"Paul
Budde Communcations: Asian ISP Market Needs to Focus," (December
18, 1998) NUA Internet Surveys (http://www.nua.ie/surveys), current
November 9, 1999.
7"Techserver:
Demographic Projections for Asia," (September 10, 1998) NUA
Internet Surveys (http://www.nua.ie/surveys), current November 9, 1999.
8Yao-Endriga,
M. "Philcomsat Pins Hopes on Satellite Internet Services," The
Philippine Star, October 15, 1999.
9"Internet
Domain Survey," (July 1999) Internet Software Consortium
(http://www.isc.org/ds/WWW-9907/dist-bynum.html), current November 30,
1999.
10"PhIX
Frequently Asked Questions," PhIX - Philippines Internet Exchange
(http://www.phix.net.ph/phix/faq.html), current December 2, 1999.
11"PhilWorld
Online Internet Services," PhilWorld Online
(http://www.cebu.pworld.net.ph/services.htm), current December 6, 1999.
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12"MosCom
- Company Information,"MosCom
(http://www.mozcom.com/company/profile.html), current December 2, 1999.
15Each
ISP was surveyed individually (via the website or personal
communication) for pricing plans or quotes for services provided. Last current
December 2, 1999.
Hardware Manufacturing
1"The
Dynamics of the Information Technology Industry in the Philippines," IT
Action Agenda for the 21st Century (October 1997), National Information
Technology Council (http://www.neda.gov.ph/IT21/IT21Final%20Text
%20(Web).htm), current December 9, 1999.
Software Development
1"The
Dynamics of the Information Technology Industry in the Philippines," IT
Action Agenda for the 21st Century (October 1997), National Information
Technology Council (http://www.neda.gov.ph/IT21/IT21Final%20Text
%20(Web).htm), current December 9, 1999.
Electronic Commerce
1"Singapore
Business Times: Malaysia to Lead Internet Growth in Asia,"
(October 29, 1997) NUA Internet Surveys (http://www.nua.ie/surveys), current
November 9, 1999.
2"Briefing
Paper on ASEAN Economic Integration," Association of South East
Asian Nations (ASEAN) (hhttp://www.asean.or.id), current November 20, 1999.
3"The
Dynamics of the Information Technology Industry in the Philippines,"
(September 1999), World Bank Group (http://www.worldbank.org), current
November 20, 1999.
4"Statistics
on the size of sales for exports and imports in the Philippines," The
Philippines Department of Trade and Industry (http://www.philtins.dti.gov.ph),
current November 20, 1999.
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IT Usage
1"The
Dynamics of the Information Technology Industry in the Philippines," IT
Action Agenda for the 21st Century (October 1997), National Information
Technology Council (http://www.neda.gov.ph/IT21/IT21Final%20Text
%20(Web).htm), current December 9, 1999.
IT Financing
1"Philippines
to invest US$582 million in IT," (April 7, 1999), ComputerWorld
Philippines (http://it.idg.net/crd_it_9-51553.html), current December 10,
1999.
2"The
Dynamics of the Information Technology Industry in the Philippines," IT
Action Agenda for the 21st Century (October 1997), National Information
Technology Council (http://www.neda.gov.ph/IT21/IT21Final%20Text
%20(Web).htm), current December 9, 1999.
3"Philippines
to invest US$582 million in IT," (April 7, 1999), ComputerWorld
Philippines (http://it.idg.net/crd_it_9-51553.html), current December 10,
1999.
4"The
Dynamics of the Information Technology Industry in the Philippines," IT
Action Agenda for the 21st Century (October 1997), National Information
Technology Council (http://www.neda.gov.ph/IT21/IT21Final%20Text
%20(Web).htm), current December 9, 1999.
6"Philippines
to invest US$582 million in IT," (April 7, 1999), ComputerWorld
Philippines (http://it.idg.net/crd_it_9-51553.html), current December 10,
1999.
IT Labour Market
1"Quantum
DDB Philippines Inc. Brand Review," Prepared for MCI WorldCom,
April 15, 1999, Pasig City, Philippines.
2Ferriols,
D. "Number of Japanese Firms with Backroom Operations in RP Seen
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to Double," The Philippine Star, October 30, 1999.
4Goad,
1999.
G.P. "At Your Service," Far Eastern Economic Review, September 2,
6"The
Dynamics of the Information Technology Industry in the Philippines," IT
Action Agenda for the 21st Century (October 1997), National Information
Technology Council (http://www.neda.gov.ph/IT21/IT21Final%20Text
%20(Web).htm), current December 9, 1999.
11Goad,
G.P. "At Your Service," Far Eastern Economic Review, September 2,
1999.
12"The
Dynamics of the Information Technology Industry in the Philippines," IT
Action Agenda for the 21st Century (October 1997), National Information
Technology Council (http://www.neda.gov.ph/IT21/IT21Final%20Text
%20(Web).htm), current December 9, 1999.
Government Policies
1"The
Dynamics of the Information Technology Industry in the Philippines," IT
Action Agenda for the 21st Century (October 1997), National Information
Technology Council (http://www.neda.gov.ph/IT21/IT21Final%20Text
%20(Web).htm), current December 9, 1999.
INFORMATION 3- LO# 1
PHILIPPINE TOURISM INDUSTRY AND ITS SERVICES
1Mission
The Department of Tourism (DOT) shall be the primary government agency
charged with the responsibility to encourage, promote, and develop tourism as
a major socio-economic activity to generate foreign currency and employment
and to spread the benefits of tourism to both the private and public sector.
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History
1950s - Started as a private initiative, the Philippine Tourist & Travel
Association was organized.
1956 - The Board of Travel & Tourist Industry was created by law.
1973 - The Department of Tourism (DOT), Philippine Tourism Authority (PTA),
and Philippine Convention Bureau (PCB) were created by the Philippine
government.
1986 - Under Executive Order no. 120 and 120-A, DOT and PCB were
reorganized structurally and functionally. PCB was renamed Philippine
Convention & Visitors Corporation.
Functions
Office of the Secretary
The Office of the Secretary provides leadership, direction, and substance to the
overall operations of the Department. It formulates policies, plans , programs,
rules, and regulations; reviews and evaluates the performance of the Tourism
Master Plan and advises the President on all matters affecting the tourism
program of the country.
Tourism Promotions Sector
The Tourism Promotion Sector has the primary function of promoting the
Philippines as a tourist destination domestically and internationally. It devises
integrated marketing and promotional activities such as information
dissemination, public relations, special events, and related tourism programs.
It likewise supervises the overseas field offices established to implement and
enhance the tourism development and promotion program of the Department
in the international field.
Tourism Services and Regional Offices Sector
The Tourism Services and Regional Offices Sector is tasked to ensure the
pleasant entry, stay, and exit of tourists. It formulates standards of quantity
and efficiency for tourism-oriented establishments, among others, done
through an accreditation system. Tourist establishments' compliance to
policies are monitored to make sure that their facilities and services are
operated and maintained according to acceptable international norms. The
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Sector also supervises DOT's regional operations established to implement the
policies, plans, programs, and regulations of the Department and to maintain
the delivery of efficient and effective frontline services for the tourism industry.
Planning, Product Development and Coordination
The Tourism Planning, Product Development and Coordination Sector is
responsible for the formulation and updating of the Tourism Master Plan,
together with its component programs. The Sector monitors the effective
implementation of the Tourism Master Plan and, in coordination with the
private sector and other government institutions , develops and conceptualizes
new products and investment opportunities designed to enhance tourist sites
and facilities.
Internal Services Sector
The Internal Services Sector ensures the smooth and legal functioning of the
operations of the Department through the provision of effective and efficient
advice and services in the areas of personnel management, human resources
development, general services administration, computerization and information
technology services, budgetary, financial and management services, and
including investigatory and advisory services.
Primer on Tourism Investment
Who may invest?
Anyone, regardless of nationality, is welcome to invest in the Philippines. With
the liberalization of the foreign investment law, 100% foreign equity may be
allowed in all areas of investment except those reserved for Filipinos by
mandate of the Philippine Constitution and existing laws..
What requirements must be complied with before a foreign corporation
can do business in the Philippines?
A foreign corporation must first secure the necessary licenses or registrations
from the appropriate government bodies. In the case of corporations or
partnerships, the necessary incorporation papers from the Securities and
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Exchange Commission must first be obtained. In the case of single
proprietorship, registration from the Bureau of Trade Regulation & Consumer
Protection of the Department of Trade and Industry must be secured.
What is the general policy of the government for foreign investments?
The government recognizes the pivotal role of private sector investments and,
thereby, commits to continuously enhance the business climate. Foreign
investments are encouraged to fill in capital gaps, help provide employment,
increase production, and provide a base for the overall development of the
economy.
Investment rules and regulations have thus been liberalized to facilitate entry
of foreign investments.
Are foreigners allowed to lease land?
Foreign investors investing in the Philippines can now lease private lands up to
75 years. Based on R.A. No. 7652, entitled “Investor’s Lease Act”, lease
agreements may be entered into with Filipino landowners. Lease period is 50
years, renewable once for another 25 years. For tourism projects, the lease
shall be limited to projects with an investment of not less than US$5M, 70% of
which shall be infused in said project within 3 years from signing of the lease
contract.
INFORMATION SHEET 4-LO# 1
Information to assist effective work performance
Six Ways to Become More Efficient at Work And At Home
Most
of us are eager to give of ourselves and then give some more. Whether it's
giving advice to friends or coworkers, volunteering for activities in the
community or at our child's school or just saying yes to every request that
comes our way. What happens with all this giving is you become so buried
under a mountain of responsibilities that the most important things in your life
suffer. You have to take time for yourself and your family. One way to do this is
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to become more efficient in every area of your life. Let's look at six ways to
become efficient.
1) Schedule your day. If you have to, get up an hour early each day and write
out your plan for the day. Then prioritize each task on your list and put it in
order of priority. Schedule what you need to do into a planning sheet and block
out time to get it accomplished. Do this every single day, even on the
weekends.
2) Stop trying to multi-task. Turn off the email notification function on your
computer. Email kills your concentration and makes you lose focus on what
you were doing. Don't get side lined by interruptions from others. If you are
trying to finish a report for an important client or meeting, don't accept a
request from a drop-in visitor who "just has a quick question"
3) Learn to control self-interruption. You are at your desk absorbed in your
work, when all of a sudden you brain starts talking to you. It reminds you of
something that you need to tell a coworker or an important task that you need
to take care of. Instead of grabbing the phone or shooting off an email, write
down what you need to tell that person or the task that you need to do in a
separate binder that you keep for such purposes. Keep working on your
current project and set aside time later to take care of things on your binder
list.
4) Say NO more often. Know what your priorities are. When someone requests
something of you and it doesn't fit into your priorities, just say no. You don't
have to justify your answer with a long explanation or excuse.
5) Delegate as much as you can. We often think we can do everything
ourselves, or that others will not devote as much care to the task as we would
have. That is delusion, as we do not have enough time to do all that anyway.
Other coworkers or other members of your family could easily do some of the
tasks. Get away from the thinking that you are the only one who can do the job
right.
6) Stop trying to be perfect. Some tasks can be done and are just as
successful even if they are not perfect. Trying to be perfect with everything will
slow you down and cause too much un-needed stress in your life.
Your time is a very precious resource that should not be wasted. Efficiency is
the key to getting things accomplished in your work and at home. Implement
the above steps and you will find yourself accomplishing more in less time, and
with less stress.
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Time Management
What is Time Management?
by: Joe Dostal
What is time management, then? Time management is the proper delegation
of the time we have in order that the most important tasks are achieved before
the more menial and less-important ones. It means getting the maximum value
and benefit out of every activity accomplished, no matter how small or big. It
means accepting that not everything can be completed at the same time and
that there are things that can be achieved within the limitations of our human
faculties
If we waste time, there is no bank where we can withdraw time we previously
saved to replace the time wasted. To come to terms with our mortality is to
realize that our time is limited. Given this realization and probability that you
would like to better organize your time, here are some techniques that you can
use in your professional and private lives.
How To Organize Your Time
Time management technique 1: Assess how you spend your time
As a first step in managing time better, you might want to analyze how you
spend your time now. To do this, divide your day into fifteen-minute segments,
then record what you are doing every fifteen minutes. Afterward, review this
time diary and total the time spent on each activity throughout the day.
For instance, you might that you spent three hours watching television, one
hour exercising, one hour studying, and two hours shopping. Next, evaluate
the use of time. You might decide you spend too much time watching TV and
too little time studying. Based upon this evaluation, decide on an adjustment,
but make it specific. A good way to make this change is to draw up a contract
with yourself that includes a reward for being successful.
Time management technique 2: Set Goals
The most important thing you can do to manage time is to set goals: daily,
weekly, monthly, yearly and long-range. If you don’t have a clear sense of
where you are headed just yet, you will not be able to plan how to get there.
Your use of time should be organized to maximize the chances of achieving
your goals.
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Time management technique 3: Learn to prioritize
Once you have defined your goals, you need to prioritize them and your
activities. Not all of your goals will be equally important. Focus on those goals
that are of major importance to you, and work on the other goals secondarily.
Likewise, focus on activities most important to the achievement of your highest
goals and on other activities afterward.
Time management technique 4: If you can't juggle,delegate
It’s okay to admit that you’re not superman or superwoman. We’re only human
and we simply cannot do everything at once, no matter how hard we try. Some
people have attempted at juggling too many things at the same time and ended
up with work that is half-baked. Seek the assistance of other people to do the
other things for you. Conversely, do not just accept and say ‘yes’ when people
ask you to do things for them when you know you don’t have the time to do so.
Time management technique 5: Saying ‘no’ is not bad
If you really have to turn someone or something down, don’t hesitate to say
‘no’. Assess what is really important to you and go with that, instead. Some
people feel guilty when they say ‘no’. You shouldn’t. It is your right and
privilege to turn somebody down when he or she asks a favor from you.
Remember, you own your time. Allowing other people to dictate what you
should do with it is a disservice to yourself.
Time management technique 6: Keep a schedule
Once you’ve prioritized your activities, you can then schedule them into you
day. Time of meetings - When will you go to the library? When will you shop for
groceries? Don’t forget to schedule some relaxation and recreation, as well.
Time management technique 7: Maximize your rewards
In scheduling your activities, remember what some time management experts
say: we get 80% of our rewards on only 20% of our activities and, conversely,
get only 20% of our rewards on 80% of the time we spend. What this tells us is
that we need to make sure we identify and engage in the 20% of the activities
that give us 80% of our rewards before we move to the other activities.
Maximize your rewards by organizing your time.
As you can see from the techniques mentioned above, time, while short and
fleeting, is something that can be managed even by mere human beings like
us. The best way to cope with it is to know early on what we want to happen to
our lives and which directions we’d like to head, in order for us to more
effectively map out a life plan. If we don’t know what our plans are, then it
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wouldn’t really make sense to get into time management because we’ll just
end up with one big mess of activities.
Determine what you want first and then seek to manage your time. Remember,
every second is precious, so you need to speed up. It’s for your own sake,
anyway.
SELF IMPROVEMENT
1. Creativity - Intuitive or Learned by Dorothy M. Neddermeyer, PhD
Have you wondered why some people seem to have a lot of creativity?
Some believe we are born with such gifts and others believe it is learned.
It is probably a combination of both-creative expression is enhanced with
the ability to be fully aware of and present in the moment one is in.
2. Intuitive Decision Making by Dorothy M. Neddermeyer, PhD
The majority of people only recognize decision-making as a powerful step
when it is done for major important issues-where to go for vacation,
spending money, changing a job/career, moving, etc. However, it is all
the little decisions in your life that creates where you are today.
3. Danger of the Fear Story by Mark I Myhre
Everybody loves a good story. But when it comes to fear, telling yourself
a story about it can be dangerous. Learn how you do it, and how to end
it.
4. Being There - The Greatest Gift by Dorothy M. Neddermeyer, PhD
The greatest gift you can give someone is an act of 'just being there.' This
concept is nearly unfathomable to many people. Whether your 'just being
there' is related to a specific situation or is an ongoing commitment, you
each benefit from the experience. To be there for some one is to 'be there'
in challenging times as well as the good times.
5. Innocence by Dorothy M. Neddermeyer, PhD
We are born with complete innocence-free of guilt, sin, with purity of
heart and blameless. As we assimilate a myriad of adaptations and
indoctrinations from our family, culture, neighborhood, religion,
education, etc., we lose our innocence. By reconnecting with our inner
child, we can experience the world with the same wonder and joy we
experienced as a child.
6. We Were Abused Children - How Do We Recover? by Glen D. Williams
Sure, there are rare cases where kids suffer continuous, extensive abuse
over multiple years, but the vast majority of abused children have
experienced at most, a few traumatic sexual or violent abuse events over
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
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the course of 18 years of childhood. I don't mean to minimize what you
may have suffered... even one traumatic event is too much. As tragic as it
is, the biggest tragedy is the way we often ruin decades of our lives by
not facing it, putting it in perspective and putting it behind us. Recovery
is possible for all of us if we want it enough to work for it.
7. Intent by Dorothy M. Neddermeyer, PhD
Intent is the key to achieving your goals. Frequently we are doing one
thing-thinking that we are creating another. We need to systematically
focus on the intent of our actions at every step. There is nothing wrong
with multitasking, which seems necessary with today's demands.
However, balancing multitasking with intentional activity provides
valuable insight into the benefits of doing one thing at a time, being
totally present with the task of our intent.
8. Programming Your Mind For Self Development by Pushpa Pal Singh
The human mind is the master computer which controls your body and
your actions. It's like an empty hard drive therefore you're affected by
whatever you install into it. The functions you install can be either
positive or negative. You are bombarded with different thoughts, sounds,
people, and images all the time. The human mind is such that it takes
into account everything that's around you. What you truly need to learn
is how to program this master computer to ignore the negative thoughts
and only concentrate the positive ones. Therefore what are the steps to
controlling this master computer? Read on to find out.
9. Achieve The Impossible - Break The Rules by Pushpa Pal Singh
Everyone wants to become special; everyone has a dream to make it big
some day. Everyone get out of his house each day with an aim in his
mind but not all of them end up achieving their goals. Most of us hold
ourselves back waiting for the right moment or the perfect circumstance.
But you know what they moment never comes until you make it happen.
Every person wants to become successful and achieve the impossible
overnight but you must understand that it's not as easy as it sounds.
You need to take the first step towards your goal first. You need to make
progress, Progress might be slow at first but with time you would realize
that the process speeds up as you get better at it.
10. Having Faith In Your Own Talents by Steven Fu
Why are you doing something that you do not like to do to earn a small
amount of money, when you can easily do what you love to do and earn
more money.
11. Great Individuals Take Action by Steven Fu
Most people have great thoughts to improve their lives but they just
remain as that...
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
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12. What Life Means - What 'Meaning' Means by G.B. Singh
Before we ask the question as to what life means, we must answer the
more basic question as to what meaning, in itself, means.
13. How To Be A Strong Communicator by Pushpa Pal Singh
You can listen to thousands of people watch & listen to millions of TV or
radio shows but that does not mean that you would be the same when it
comes to the mastery of words. In the process of communication it's all
about the delivery of right words with the right physical expressions.
Therefore how to master this art of conversation? The best way to start is
by recording your own voice.
14. Write Your Own Destiny - Take Control Right Now by Pushpa Pal Singh
One of the most common phrase which is very widely used is- "This is my
destiny". Many people think their life is pre-written and whatever events
or circumstances they go through are already planned by some higher
power. Remember one simple fact about life - "Circumstances do not
make a man they reveal him". Just like this saying circumstances only
give you an indication that your life is not in your control. Circumstances
are made by the man himself. Events don't just happen they are a direct
result of the actions taken by you.
15. How To Change Your Life For Good by Pushpa Pal Singh
Are you really happy with your life? Are you living your dream? Is this
really what you wanted out of your life? If you are confused about all
these questions than you definitely need a change. Almost everyone
aspires to get the most out of life in whatever shape or form it might be.
But some of us get carried away by the circumstances so much that we
don't know where we are in life and whether we are living our dreams or
not. All of us go through several problems and sometimes it becomes a
big obstacle and we forget our dreams and talk about reality. We get so
negative that we forget our dreams and think this is life and we need to
survive.
16. Discovered - First Thought by Ralston Heath
A skill for a better life.
17. What Is Your Vibration? That Is The Question To Know by Liesl Anderson
What are the vibrations you are putting out into the universe? Find out
how to bring into your life peace, happiness, wealth and more by
changing your focus and your vibrations.
18. Dream On - The Top 10 Ways to Reconnect to Your Dreams by Kamin
Bell
Do you have a dream for your life? Does it feel like it's too far away to
make a reality? Do you have a plan and a vision for realizing your
dreams? I truly know what it's like to have a dream that seems
unattainable but that just won't leave you alone. And, I know the
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
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21.
exhilaration of creating a plan and seeing my dream manifest. In this
article you will learn ten ways to reconnect with your dreams and move
toward making them come true.
19. Keeping Control And Building Momentum by Sam S K Khan
If you see that something's not working, you make adjustments. But
man, the worst thing you can do is quit.
20. Brainwashed? by H. Bernard Wechsler
Are you in danger of becoming a Cyborg?
Alternatives to Speed by Mike Scantlebury
Who do we think we are fooling? When we rush around hectically, always
hurrying, do we seriously think that people are conned into believing that
what we are doing is important, and where we are going means
anything? Are we rushing in order to convince ourselves that any of it
really matters?
22. Hinduism, Karma and the Law of Attraction by Paul Warren
Positive thinking, which is an oft quoted phrase in the law of attraction,
also finds its place in Hinduism.
23. FEAR - The Dream Killer! by Royleena Nicholas
Many online marketers live in fear on a daily basis, fear of failure and
fear of success. Have your been marketing your heart out, do you feel
like you're making no headway to profit, then perhaps fear is stopping
you from reaching the monetary success you desire. To make money
online, it is best to face your negative unproductive thoughts, learn
positive strategies and set goals with a realistic time frame to achieve
online success.
24. The Magic Of Love by Helene Rothschild
Would you like to receive the magic of love? Are you willing to give it? Try
this - For one day, consciously make an effort to be loving or kind to
everyone you see, with no expectations of receiving anything in return.
25. Freedom or Security by Jeffrey De Lara
Financial security or financial freedom? What will you choose? Are you
confident enough to pursue your dream?
26. How To Stop The Inner Critic by Colin Smith
A short article that describes how we can change our 'inner critics',
enabling us to experience more inner peace.
27. Ways to Connect and Give Back by Joanna Engelman
This article is about the importance of connecting to others and giving
back. The most precious part of being alive is being seen and heard and
seeing and hearing others.
28. Get Your Mind Right by Dianna Hobbs
Until you get your mind right you'll never be able to get your life right.
Why? Because nothing in your life can exceed your level of thinking.
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
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Document No.
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EDUCATION INC.
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Your reality cannot supersede your mentality. So, if you want bigger and
better results, then you've got to get a bigger and better vision for your
life. You can think your way to a whole new plateau or to an all-time low.
Which will it be?
29. How to Become A Money Magnet and Attract Wealth Effortlessly by Hanif
Khaki
How to become a money magnet at the push of a button.
SELF-CHECK – LO 1
DIRECTIONS: Check your knowledge in Sources of Information on
the Industry
.
Note: Pls. refer to your instructor for the sets of questionnaire.
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
January 09, 2020
Document No.
Issued by:
Developed by:
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EDUCATION INC.
Page 37 of 65
Revision # 00
Qualification
Unit of Competency
: Bread and Pastry Production NC II
: Develop And Update Industry Knowledge
Module Title
: Developing And Update Industry Knowledge
Learning Outcomes # 2
: Access, apply and share industry
information
Assessment Criteria
:
 Completing demands are prioritized to achieve
personal , team and organizational goals and
objectives
 Resources are utilized efficiently and effectively
to manage with priorities and commitments
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
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Document No.
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 Practice long economic use and maintenance
equipment and facilities are followed as per
established procedures.
Resources
:
Equipment
:




Simulated laboratory room
Electronic learning device
Computer
Television and video set


Materials/Supplies
:




case studies
prints and media
workplace/location
assessment
LEARNING EXPERIENCES / ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome # 2 Access, apply and share industry
information
Are you ready to perform this
activity?
If ready, take your time and be
sure to observe the standard
procedures in all your activities.
1. Read: Information sheet 1
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
January 09, 2020
Document No.
Issued by:
Developed by:
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EDUCATION INC.
Page 39 of 65
Revision # 00
2. Answer: self – Check to
assess your knowledge
3. Refers to Model Answer # 1
for the correct answer of
self – check.
INFORMATION SHEET- 1, LO 2
Different sectors of the industry and Services
2.1 Different sectors of the industry and Services available in each sector.
The Primary sector of industry- generally involves the changing process of
natural resources into primary products. Major businesses in this sector
include agriculture , agribusiness , fishing , forestry and mining and quarrying
industries .
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
January 09, 2020
Document No.
Issued by:
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Page 40 of 65
Revision # 00
Primary industry is a larger sector in developing countries for instance ,animal
husbandry is more common in Africa than in Japan mining in southern Wales
is a case study of how an economy can come to rely on one form of business.
The tertiary sector of industry (also known the service sector on the service
industry ) is one of the three main industrial categories of a developed economy
the other being the secondary industry (manufacturing ) and primary industry
(extraction such as mining , agriculture and fishing .) Service are defined
conventional economic literature as “ intangible goods
2.2 Relationship Between Tourisms And Hospitality
TOURISM-is traveling for predominantly recreational
or leisure purposes or
the provision of services to support this leisure travel. The world tourism
organization defines tourists as people who “travel to and stay and places out
side their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure
business and other purposes ,not related to the exercise of and activity from
within the place visited “tourism has a popular global leisure activity and 2004
there was over 763 millions international tourists arrival .
HOSPITALITY - Refers to the relationship process between a guest and a host
and it also refers to the act of practice of being hospitable with liberality and
goodwill . Hospitality frequently refers to the hospitality industry job for hotel ,
restaurants casinos , catering resort , clubs and any other service position
that deals with tourists.
2.3 Relationship between industry and other industries.
INDUSTRY-(from latin industrius, diligent, industrious.’)is the segment of
economy concerned with production of goods.
-is the quality, action , or habit of earnest, steady , and continue
attention or devotion to any useful or productive work or task,
manual or mental.
-is diligence applied to some vocation, business, or profession,
hence, by derived use, the occupation itself.
2.4 WORKING CONDITIONS
Many production jobs in food manufacturing involve repetitive, physically
demanding work. Food manufacturing workers are highly susceptible to
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
January 09, 2020
Document No.
Issued by:
Developed by:
ATONIYA SKILLS
EDUCATION INC.
Page 41 of 65
Revision # 00
repetitive-strain injuries to their hands, wrists, and elbows. This type of injury
is especially common in meat-processing and poultry-processing plants.
Production workers often stand for long periods and may be required to lift
heavy objects or use cutting, slicing, grinding, and other dangerous tools and
machines. To deal with difficult working conditions, ergonomic programs have
been introduced to cut down on work-related accidents and injuries.
Furthermore, meat and poultry plants must comply with a wide array of
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations
ensuring a safer work environment. Some workers wear protective hats, gloves,
aprons, and shoes. In many industries, uniforms and protective clothing are
changed daily for reasons of sanitation.
Working conditions also depend on the type of food being processed. For
example, some bakery employees work at night or on weekends and spend
much of their shifts near ovens that can be uncomfortably hot. In contrast,
workers in dairies and meat-processing plants typically work daylight hours
and may experience cold and damp conditions. Some plants, such as those
producing processed fruits and vegetables, operate on a seasonal basis, so
workers are not guaranteed steady, year-round employment and occasionally
travel from region to region seeking work. These plants are increasingly rare,
however, as the industry continues to diversify and manufacturing plants
produce alternative foods during otherwise inactive periods.
2.5
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Date Developed: Workpla
Issued by:
DEVELOP A ND UPDATE
January 09, 2020
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st
t i
l nd
p
a
id
itfiy
e
c
id
cwila
from the workforce, from customers
distinctive situations in which a duty would
a
piecemeal fashion.
an
fr
m.th
eh
wie
der lca
om
munit
. refore developed in
and
d i
nit
ty)e
e
x
sot
T
w
h
Most businesses must have workers'
compensation insurance to cover its
employees. Filing a workers' compensation
claim is similar to filing any other insurance
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 Permanent
Disability
 If a worker can't completely recover from the effects of the injury,
they may be entitled to a monetary award. Permanent disability
mea
ans that the injured party has lo
ost some ability to compete in
the open labor market of uninjured workers. The amount and rate
at which it is paid depends on the limitation the injury places on
activities. Other elements taken into consideration are age,
occupation and earnings at the time of injury.
  Vocational

Rehabilitation
If the injury prevents a return to the former job, assistance
t
t her job may be included in the bene
in getting
g an
not
efits. During
voc
cationa
al rehabilitation, a partial income is distributed,
similar to temporary disabillity. The vocational rehabilita
ation
benefit usually has a maximum monetary limit and may be
replaced by an
n offer of modified or dif
fferent work fr
rom the
em
mployer.
CONSUM ER PROTECTI ON
Consumer protection is a form of government regulation which
protects the interests of consumers. For example, a government
may require businesses to disclose detailed information about
products—particularly in areas where safety or public health is an
issue, such as food. Consumer protection is linked to the idea of
consumer rights (that consumers have various rights as
consumers), and to the formation of consumer organizations which
help consumers make better choices in the marketplace
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DUTY OF CARE


a Duty of care is a legal obligation imposed on an
individual requiring that they exercise a
r e as o n ab l e s t an d a r d o f c ar e w h i le p e r f o r m i n g
t
h
a
t
any acts t
th
ha
at
t could foreseeably harm others. For
an action in negligence, there must be an
i d e n t i f i e d d u t y o f c a r e i n law .
Duty of care may be considered a formalization
t
h
e
of t
th
he
e implicit responsibilities held by an
individual
t owa r d s
a n o t h er
individual
wi t hi n
society. It is not a requirement that a duty of
d
e
f
n
e
d
ca r e b e d
de
ef
fiiin
ne
ed
d by law, though it will often
develop through the jurisprudence of common
law. Doctors will be held to reasonable standards
for members of their profession, rather than
those of the general public in cases related to
their fields.
BUILDING REGULATIONS
Building regulations may refer to:
 Building code, a set of rules that ssspppeeeccciiifffyyy the minimum

o
f
o
b
j
e
c
t
s
acceptable level o
of
f safety for constructed o
ob
bj
je
ec
ct
ts
s
 A building code, or building control,
is a set of
s
a
f
e
t
y
rules that specify the minimum acceptable level of s
sa
af
fe
et
ty
y for
c
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
e
d
co
on
ns
st
tr
ru
uc
ct
te
ed
d
objects
such as
buildings
and
nonbuilding
T
h
e
c
o
d
e
s
structures. T
Th
he
e main purpose of the building c
co
od
de
es
s is to protect
h
e
a
t
h
public h
he
ea
alllt
th
h,,, safety and general welfare as they relate to the
c
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
o
n
T
h
e
co
on
ns
st
tr
ru
uc
ct
tiiio
on
n and occupancy of buildings and structures. T
Th
he
e
building code becomes law of a particular jurisdiction when
formally enacted by the appropriate authority.
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2.6
Learning Outcomes
No. 2
Information to Assist
Effective
Work Performance
2.4. Industry working conditions
2.5. Legislation tth
haatt affects the Industry
liquor
health
hygiene
gaming
workers compensation
consumer protection
duty of care
building regulation
2.6. Trade U
Un
niio
on
nss
Environmental iissssu
ueess & requirements
Trade union
A trade union or labor union is an organization of workers.
The trade union, through its leadership, bargains with the
employer on behalf of union members ("rank and file"
members) and negotiates labor contracts with employers. This
may include the negotiation of wages, work rules, complaint
procedures, rules governing hiring, firing and promotion of
workers, benefits, workplace safety and policies. The
agreements negotiated by the union leaders are binding on the
rank and file members and the employer and in some cases on
other non-member workers.
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Most unions claim a right of exclusivity. The union
b
e
has the authority to determine who may b
be
e a member of
the union and who may not.
o
n
y
Most unions assert a right to mandate that o
on
nllly
y its
members, and no others, may be permitted to work at
certain jobs.
Furthermore, the union contract is exclusive with
regard to the employer, an employer is generally not
permitted to seek out the services of another labor union or
hire another competing labor union even if he is
dissatisfied with the performance of the current labor
union.
These organizations may be comprised of individual
workers, professionals, past workers, or the unemployed.
The most common, but by no means only, purpose of these
organizations is "maintaining or improving the conditions
of their employment“
Over the last three hundred years, trade unions have
developed into a number of forms, influenced by differing
political and economic regimes.
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The immediate objectives and activities of
trade unions vary, but may include:
 Provision of benefits to members:
Early trade unions, like Friendly Societies, often provided a
range of benefits to insure members against unemployment, ill
health, old age and funeral expenses. In many developed
countries, these functions have been assumed by the state;
however, the provision of professional training, legal advice and
representation for members is still an important benefit of trade
union membership.
 Collective bargaining:
Where trade unions are able to operate openly and are
recognized by employers, they may negotiate with employers
over wages and working conditions.

Industrial Action:
Trade unions may organize strikes or resistance to
lockouts in furtherance of particular goals.

Political activity:
Trade unions may promote legislation favorable to the
interests of their members or workers as a whole. To this
end they may pursue campaigns, undertake lobbying, or
financially support individual candidates or parties (such as
the Labour Party in Britain) for public office.
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History of trade unions
Beginning in the eighteenth century, much of
Western society (with most changes occurring
earliest in Britain) witnessed a transformation from
an agrarian culture with craft-based production to a
culture shaped by the first industrial revolution.
Some of the changes brought on by this new order,
such as new work methods and downward pressure
on traditional wage structures, sparked rising alarm
in the crafts and guilds of the time, who feared
encroachment on their established jobs.
Additionally, the rapid expansion of industrial
society was to draw women, children, rural workers,
and immigrants to the work force in larger numbers
and in new roles. This pool of unskilled and semiskilled labour spontaneously organized in fits and
starts throughout its beginnings, and would later be
an important arena for the development of trade
unions.
2.7 INDUSTRY RELATIONS ISSUES AND MAJOR ORGANIZATIONS
Specific issues
(i) The employers' response
To date, many Asian and Pacific entrepreneurs - small, medium and large have relied on the low cost of goods and services and speed of delivery as the
core of their competitive advantage. On this basis, an employers' strategy in the
area of employment relations must focus on achieving:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
appropriate attitudinal and behavioral changes, not only at enterprise,
but at other, levels;
a modern policy, legislative and institutional framework which ensures
an effective industrial relations system;
compensation systems linked to enterprise performance;
a more literate, skilled and adaptable workforce, which is capable of
experimentation and innovation;
more flexible forms of work organization and management; and
culturally sensitive management strategies, as firms invest within and
beyond the region.
□ Attitudinal and behavioural changes
Greater worker involvement in the enterprise should be reinforced by
management making stronger efforts to improve relations with workers'
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representatives (particularly, trade unions, where they are present). In
addition, collective bargaining remains an effective way to address issues of
mutual concern.
All of these elements - both IR and HRM - have to be properly integrated into
the corporate culture.
□ Modern labor polices, legislation and institutions
Employers should be seeking "modern" labor policies, legislation and
institutions which encourage industrial harmony (by emphasizing prevention
not resolution of conflict). In particular, legislation should be proactive and
facilitative in relation to the parties' needs, and avoid unnecessary complexity,
while maintaining fair and reasonable minimum employment standards.
□ Compensation systems linked to enterprise performance
The trend towards decentralized collective bargaining and IR arrangements in
the region has been based on the need to address efficiency and productivity
issues at their source, the individual enterprise business competitiveness is to
be achieved or maintained. As such payment systems are increasingly seen as
integral to HRM policies in enterprises, and are thereby linked to achieving
particular business objectives.
□ A skilled and adaptable workforce
Education and training will play a vital role in promoting labor efficiency
through the enhancement of workforce skills, and the World Bank has
emphasized the significant link between skills development and a country's
manufacturing export capacity (World Bank 1993: 43 - 48).
Training of workers in narrow skills is no longer appropriate. Modern
technology is increasingly demanding broader skills and new mixes of
previously quite distinct skills. In addition, the rapid pace of technological
change demands an ability to adapt quickly; so, the formation of skills has to
rely not only on initial training, but equally on opportunities for retraining and
upgrading existing skills.
□ Flexible forms of work organization and management
Flexibility at the workplace requires workers to have several skills and a
broader understanding of the production or work process to enable them to
carry out a range of activities. To achieve this outcome, managers and
supervisors need to be forward looking, inform and involve workers, and use
approaches which enable people to develop and use properly their talents and
abilities. In particular, they need to pay far greater attention to training and
skills development. The ability to adjust working time arrangements and the
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identification and removal of restrictive work and management practices are
also important.
□ Culturally-sensitive management strategies
Globalization involves managers and workers moving from one country to
another. In doing so, they enter into a new society and culture. Some aspects
of these cultures are obvious (eg, another language, other laws and customs,
etc) and can with the necessary goodwill be adapted to. But there are other
elements of culture which are not so visible. They include the assumptions
made and premises relied on by the members of a certain society; values and
unwritten codes of behaviour; and patterns of thinking and problem-solving.
They are what the people in that society take for granted. These elements are
the essence of a particular culture and are the most difficult to detect. A
manager or worker coming from and entirely different culture - with its own
never-questioned assumptions and values - may not perceive or understand
these elements or have difficulty accepting them. As such they can be the basis
for tension and conflict in the workplace.
Managers assuming work responsibilities in a new country must acquaint
themselves with both visible and invisible cultural traits, and adopt
appropriate strategies to ensure that cultural mismanagement considerations
do not become a source of reduced enterprise performance.
□ Implementing a reform strategy
In implementing a reform agenda based on the above considerations, individual
firms should be encouraged (through, for example, "best practice" programmes)
to experiment in relation to skills development, work organization and other
forms of improved IR/HRM practices and seek to use the outcomes as a basis
for broader government or industry programmes to diffuse new practices on a
wider basis. Such initiatives might be undertaken through informal contact
with the wider group of firms with whom they conduct their business, and
could include local benchmarking exercises.
(ii) The roles of employers' organizations
Employers' organizations, like trade unions, face a difficult situation in
assisting their constituents in the face of the new demands being placed on
them by globalization.
A key function of employers' organizations has always been to act
as the mouthpiece for employers in seeking to influence the broad policy
environment in a manner conducive to their constituents' interests (in
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this respect, it might be noted that the IR function was originally, and in
many cases has remained, the cornerstone of the operations of many
employers' organizations). (de Silva 1996:3).
To achieve this objective, it is suggested that employers' organizations
should organize their operations around two functional "poles",
supported by a range of subsidiary services.
Employers' organizations need to be prepared to have a view on an
increasingly broader range of issues (eg, skills development, including in
the context of training and re-training, and covering both delivery and
compensation aspects; industry (including investment and taxation)
policy; the implications for business of privatization strategies; and the
like).
(iii) The roles of government and trade unions
As noted previously, whatever policies or actions may be promoted or
undertaken by one or more of the industrial relations parties will require a
response from or have repercussions for other parties or interests. This section
of the paper examines interactions with government and trade unions in the
context of progressing the agenda of employers' and their organizations.
The role of government
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
encourage and regulate foreign participation in national economic
development
ensure that the economic reforms currently being implemented in
various countries are accompanied by proper safety net programmes
Decide which industries to stimulate and how they can integrate various
macro- and micro-policies through a network of institutions that promote
economic growth with equity (Frenkel and Royal 1996:10).
Responsibility to ensure that these standards are met by all employers,
and, where those employers are foreign companies or MNC's, they must
be encouraged to adopt socially responsible attitudes in relation to
employment relationships and standards in their host country.
To take measures to equip workers with the skills to take up new
positions and to move from declining to new industries, possibly to new
localities.
Facilitate structural adjustment in an equitable manner (including, for
example, tax exemptions and development subsidies to firms, and
subsidies to workers, to assist relocation).
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Support trade union strategies to encourage democratic governance,
awareness raising on key policy issues and training for union
representatives on organizational and technical issues.
8. Support of globalization has to rely on policy planning and delivery
services provided by the public sector.
9. Include trade unions in any public sector reform process and take
account of their major concerns.
10. Promote bipartite and tripartite institutions and processes to establish
appropriate labour policy and standards.
7.
(iv) The role of workers and their organizations
There is no question that trade unions still have a role in Asia and the Pacific.
But there is a need for more effective unionism.
Unionism which focuses on working with employers (and their organizations)
in implementing strategies to improve enterprise competitiveness and the
quality of work through improvements in work organization, Labourmanagement relations and skills development, on the basis that an equitable
share for workers in productivity gains will be achieved (Frenkel and Royal
1996:31). This form of unionism is therefore proactive and strategic in
approach, and is no longer concerned with union actions which are restrictive
in nature (eg, seeking, by various means, to limit change). The development of
effective unionism (and, indeed, of trade union movements everywhere) is
contingent on the recognition and application of the rights of freedom of
association, to organize and to bargain collectively.
The needs of trade union organizations will vary from country to country in
seeking to build effective unions. For example, awareness raising and training
in relation to their role in a market-oriented economy will have a much higher
priority in the case of trade unions in countries in transition. But whatever
individual country circumstances, key objectives of national trade union
organizations must be to attract more workers into unions by improving
recruitment, offering better services and communicating more effectively with
and between members and officials. Strong leadership from, and agreement
and coordination on priority strategies among, trade union centres is critical.
In order to maintain support and influence at enterprise level, it will be
necessary to build and maintain an active workplace union organization. The
availability of more skilled and technically capable union representatives in the
workplace, supported by more professional and better resourced unions at
higher levels will also be crucial in achieving these objectives.
The extent to which trade unions can adopt and achieve advances through this
more proactive role will depend on a number of considerations, including:
government policy and attitudes at domestic and international levels; the
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response(s) of employers and their organizations; and union leadership,
organization and strategies. However, given the considerable traditional and
current difficulties still facing trade union movements in Asia and the Pacific, a
fundamental change in union and worker fortunes may not arise until
individual countries develop and adopt higher cost and higher skill-based
modes of production. This will provide increased opportunities for worker
involvement in decision-making, requiring more democratic and independent
representation for the workforce. But it is also likely that additional legislative
prescription to provide labour with a more significant voice at both enterprise
and national levels, and better protection for workers' representatives in
undertaking their functions, will be required.
Industrial relations
The field of industrial relations looks at the relationship between management
and workers, particularly group of workers represented by a union.
-also called organizational relations the behavior of workers in organizations in
which they earn their living.
Perspective theories
-When studying the theories of industrial relations, there are three major
perspectives that contrast on their approach to the nature of workplace
relations the three views are generally described as the unitary, pluralist, and
Marxist perspective. The Marxist perspective is sometimes referred to as the
conflict model.
Unitary perspective
In unitarism, the organization is perceive as an integrated and harmonious
whole with the ideal of “one happy family” where are management and other
members of the staff all share a common purpose, emphasizing mutual
cooperation.
Pluralistic perspective
In pluralism the organization is perceived as being made up of powerful and
divergent sub-groups, each with its own legitimate loyalties and with their own
set of objectives and traders .
Marxist perspective
This view of industrial relations looks the nature of the capitalist society, where
there is a fundamental division of interest between capital and labor, and sees
workplace relations against this background.
2.8
CAREER OPPORTUNITIES-is the sum total of all the work you have done and
will do in your lifetime.
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Most hotel, motel and resort desk clerks received orientation and training on
the job. Orientation may include an explanation of the job duties and
information about the establishment, such as arrangement of sleeping rooms,
availability of additional services such as a business or fitness center, and
location of guest facilities.
A hospitality management career is highly energy and social.
The skills and knowledge developed in this field study are leadership,
marketing qualitive skills, research and evaluation, programming [recreation,
leisure and meetings] planning and policy, legal aspects, and communication.
With preparation in tourism management individuals have skills related to
management and leadership which would contribute to any type of position
sought in the tourism industry. The tourism industry is within the top
industries of most countries in the world and provides numerous career
opportunities at a variety levels of service production and management.
The curriculum combines strengths in management with technical skills and
internship opportunities in each area.
The hospitality and tourism industry is critical to the world, national, and
regional economy. The hospitality and tourism industry is becoming more
complex. Accordingly, demand is increasing for college educated managers.
APTITUDES QUALITIES
Strong interpersonal skills
High energy level
Ability to multi-ask and prioritize
Ability to work well under pressure
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3 QUICK STEPS TO JOB SEEKER SUCCESS!
1. Create your free account.
-Put your best foot forward with a free online portfolio. Public or private.
Create your fee account and access all the tools on the site.
2. Research your industry.
-Stay up to date on the latest trends and information in your industry by
selecting your career channel below.
3. Search jobs
-With your resume and portfolio, you’ll be able to search and contact
employers with one quick step!
RESOURCE CENTER
Resume make over 5 ways to make a great first impression.
-Now more than ever before candidate seeking positions in the hospitality
industry must display professionalism and a steadfast commitment to
quality in every phase of the application process.
How to master the behavior interview
-If you are seeking the job within the competitive hospitality industry, you
need to be aware that employers are frequently turning to the use of
behavioral interviewing rather than traditional modes.
Maximize your career potential
-Advance your career and increase your job opportunities while continuing
to work.Online education is convenient and flexible, allowing you to
maintain professional and personal commitment while pursuing a highlyquality education.
Be on time.
2.10 QUALITY ASSURANCE
Quality assurance (QA) is the activity of providing evidence needed to establish
confidence among all concerned, that quality-related activities are being
performed effectively. All those planned or systematic actions necessary to
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provide adequate confidence that a product or service will satisfy given
requirements for quality.
For products, quality assurance is a part and consistent pair of quality
management proving fact-based external confidence to customers and other
stakeholders that a product meets needs, expectations, and other
requirements. QA assures the existence and effectiveness of procedures that
attempt to make sure - in advance - that the expected levels of quality will be
reached.
QA covers all activities from design, development, production, installation,
servicing to documentation. It introduced the sayings "fit for purpose" and "do
it right the first time". It includes the regulation of the quality of raw materials,
assemblies, products and components; services related to production; and
management, production, and inspection processes.
The term Quality Assurance, as used in the United States Nuclear Regulatory
Commission regulation 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix B, comprises all those
planned and systematic actions necessary to provide adequate confidence that
a structure, system, or component will perform satisfactorily in service. Quality
assurance includes quality control, which comprises those quality assurance
actions related to the physical characteristics of a material, structure,
component, or system which provide a means to control the quality of the
material, structure, component, or system to predetermined requirements.
One of the most widely used paradigms for QA management is the PDCA (PlanDo-Check-Act) approach, also known as the Shewhart cycle
 Quality management is a method for ensuring that all the activities
necessary to design, develop and implement a product or service are
effective and efficient with respect to the system and its performance.
Stakeholder may refer to:
 Stakeholder (corporate), a party who affects, or can be affected by, the
company's actions
o Stakeholder theory, identifies and models the groups which are
stakeholders of a corporation
 Stakeholder (law), a third party who temporarily holds money or property
while its owner is still being determined
PDCA ("Plan-Do-Check-Act") is an iterative four-step problem-solving process
typically used in quality control. It is also known as the Deming Cycle,
Shewhart cycle, Deming Wheel, or Plan-Do-Study-Act
PLAN - Establish the objectives and processes necessary to deliver results in
accordance with the specifications.
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DO - Implement the processes.
CHECK - Monitor and evaluate the processes and results against objectives
and Specifications and report the outcome.
ACT - Apply actions to the outcome for necessary improvement. This means
reviewing all steps (Plan, Do, Check, Act) and modifying the process to improve
it before its next implementation.
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SELF-CHECK
Note:
Please ask to your instructor for the set of questionnaire.
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Qualification
: Bread and Pastry ProductionNC Level II
Unit of Competency
: Develop And Update Industry Knowledge
Module Title
Learning Outcomes # 3
: Developing And Update Industry Knowledge
: Update continuously relevant industry
knowledge
Assessment Criteria
Resource
:
 Training and career opportunities are
identified and availed of based on job
requirements
 Recognitions are sought/ received and
demonstrated as proof of career advancement
 Obtain and renew licenses and/or
certifications relevant to job and career
: Internet
Learning Materials
:
Materials/Supplies
:
 Certificates and licenses
 Pen and paper
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
January 09, 2020
Document No.
Issued by:
Developed by:
ATONIYA SKILLS
EDUCATION INC.
Page 60 of 65
Revision # 00
LEARNING EXPERIENCES / ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome # 3 Update continuously relevant industry
knowledge
Are you ready to perform this
activity?
If ready, take your time and be
sure to observe the standard
procedures in all your activities.
4. Read: Information sheet 1
5. Answer: self – Check to
assess your knowledge
6. Refers to Model Answer # 1
for the correct answer of
self – check.
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
January 09, 2020
Document No.
Issued by:
Developed by:
ATONIYA SKILLS
EDUCATION INC.
Page 61 of 65
Revision # 00
SELF-CHECK
Learning Outcome 3 (Update continuously relevant industry knowledge)
Requirement: Select two resorts existing in our province and update your
knowledge by knowing the ff:






Short history of resorts you’ve been selected.
Services offered for their client or guests
Accommodations
Compensation offered by the establishment towards their employees.
Amenities available/in one department (based on your field of
specialization)
Attach some pictures of amenities of the resort you’ve selected
Note: - All information must be computerized and submit it to your instructor
in a form
of soft copy.
- You can use some sources of information as your
reference/tools/materials of
information.
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
January 09, 2020
Document No.
Issued by:
Developed by:
ATONIYA SKILLS
EDUCATION INC.
Page 62 of 65
Revision # 00
RECORDS OF ACHIEVEMENT
Module Title: DEVELOPING AND UPDATING INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
LO 1 : Identify and access key sources of information on the
industry
Assessment Criteria:
1.5 Sources of information on the industry are correctly identified
and accessed.
1.6 Information to assist effective work performance is obtained
in line with job requirements
1.7 Specific information on sector of work is accessed and
updated
1.8 Industry information is correctly applied to day-to-day work
activities
2.3 Informal and/or formal research is used to update general
knowledge of industry
2.4 Updated knowledge is shared with customers and colleagues
as appropriate and incorporated into day-to-day working
activities

COMMENTS:
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
January 09, 2020
Document No.
Issued by:
Developed by:
ATONIYA SKILLS
EDUCATION INC.
Page 63 of 65
Revision # 00
Learner has satisfied the above performance criteria.
Learner’s has Signature:
Trainer’s Signature:
Date:
LEARNER’S DIARY
DIARY NOTES
Records important dates, jobs undertaken and other workplace events that
will assist you in providing further details.
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
January 09, 2020
Document No.
Issued by:
Developed by:
ATONIYA SKILLS
EDUCATION INC.
Page 64 of 65
Revision # 00
DEVELOP AND UPDATE
INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE
BREAD AND PASTRY
PRODUCTION NCII
CBLM
Date Developed:
January 09, 2020
Document No.
Issued by:
Developed by:
ATONIYA SKILLS
EDUCATION INC.
Page 65 of 65
Revision # 00