CAST
IRONS
Cast Irons
Gray
(Machinable)
Cast Iron
Malleable
Cast Iron
White
(Non-Machinable)
Cast Iron
Gray (Machinable)
Cast Iron
Flake Graphite
Ferritic
Pearlitic
Spheroidal Graphite
(Ductile)
Bainitic
Austenitic
Martensitic
Malleable Cast Iron
(Tempered Carbon Graphite)
Ferritic
Pearlitic
White (Non-Machinable)
Cast Iron
Pearlitic
Martensitic
Cast Irons


White Cast Iron: Massive Carbide


 Steel Matrix


Gray Cast Iron: Flake Graphite
 of Ferrite,


 Pearlite,
Ductile Cast Iron: Spheroidal Graphite 
Martensite


 etc.
Malleable Cast Iron: Clumplike Graphite 


NON FERROUS
ALLOYS
NON FERROUS ALLOYS
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Copper
Aluminium
Nickel
Magnesium
Zinc
Lead
Titanium