READING February 14, 2023 OBJECTIVES At the end of the lesson, you should be able to: Define and give the importance of reading Apply effective reading strategies in comprehending a text WHAT IS READING? Reading SKILL COGNITIVE SYMBOLS TEXT WHAT IS READING? The skill or activity of getting information from books. It is always an interaction between the text and the reader. WHAT IS READING? Reading is an activity that challenges our beliefs, inspires our imagination, and expands our understanding of the world. WHAT IS READING? Jim Rhon Activity: In long bond paper: Imagine a world where no one reads. Draw the picture you visualized and write a 5-10-sentence paragraph to explain. READING STRATEGIES A. GETTING AN OVERVIEW OF THE TEXT PREVIEWING SKIMMING SCANNING B. CONNOTATION/DENOTATION CONNOTATION DENOTATION C. USING CONTEXT CLUES SYNONYMS EXAMPLES ANTONYMS EXPLAN ATIONS DEFINITIONS SITUATIONS A. GETTING AN OVERVIEW OF THE TEXT PREVIEWING SKIMMING SCANNING PREVIEWING Previewing is a strategy that readers use to recall prior knowledge and set a purpose for reading. PREVIEWING Previewing has the goal of providing you with a quick overview, a rough idea of what you should expect from the book or text at hand, and a foundation for the upcoming learning curve. PREVIEWING According to a research, previewing a text can improve your comprehension (cited in Paris et al., 1991). You set a purpose for your reading to help you prepare for what’s coming next. STEPS IN PREVIEWING 1. Identify your purpose. 2. Examine the title/subtitle. 3. Read the first paragraph. 4. Read the last paragraph. 5. Look at the visual elements of the text. SKIMMING VS. SCANNING Skimming is reading rapidly in order to get a main point of the material. Scanning is reading rapidly in order to find specific facts. SKIMMING VS. SCANNING While skimming tells you what general information is within a section, scanning helps you locate a particular fact. B. CONNOTATION/DENOTATION CONNOTATION DENOTATION CONNOTATION AND DENOTATION Connotation and Denotation are two principal methods of describing the meanings of words. CONNOTATION AND DENOTATION Denotation is the strict dictionary meaning of a word. Connotation is the emotional and imaginative association surrounding a word. CONNOTATION AND DENOTATION Denotation is when you mean what you say, literally. Connotation is created when you mean something else. CONNOTATION AND DENOTATION Fungus is a scientific term denoting a certain kind of natural growth (denotation), but the word also has certain connotations of disease and ugliness. CONNOTATION AND DENOTATION What is the denotative and connotative meaning of the word home? CONNOTATION AND DENOTATION What is the denotative and connotative meaning of the word father? C. USING CONTEXT CLUES SYNONYMS EXAMPLES ANTONYMS EXPLAN ATIONS DEFINITIONS SITUATIONS CONTEXT CLUES Context clues are hints found within a sentence, paragraph, or passage that a reader can use to understand the meanings of new or unfamiliar words. SYNONYM CLUES The reader may discover the meaning of an unknown word because it repeats an idea expressed in familiar words nearby. SYNONYM CLUES E.G. Flooded with spotlights – the focus of all attention – the new Miss America began her year-long reign. She was the cynosure of all eyes for the rest of the evening. SYNONYM CLUES E.G. The mountain pass was a tortuous road, winding and twisting like a snake around the trees of the mountainside. ANTONYM CLUES This context clue contrasts the meaning of an unfamiliar word with the meaning of a familiar term. Words like “although,” “however,” and “but” may signal contrast clues. ANTONYM CLUES E.G. When the light brightens, the pupils of the eyes contract; however, when it grows darker, they dilate. “Dilate” means the opposite of “contract.” ANTONYM CLUES E.G. The children were as different as day and night. He was a lively conversationalist, but she was reserved and taciturn. “Taciturn” means the opposite of “lively conversationalist.” EXAMPLE CLUES When a reader finds a new word, an example might be found nearby that helps to explain its meaning. Words like including, such as, and for example, point out example clues. EXAMPLE CLUES E.G. Celestial bodies, including the sun, moon, and stars, have fascinated man through the centuries. “Celestial” objects are those in the sky or heavens. EXAMPLE CLUES E.G. Piscatorial creatures, such as flounder, salmon, and trout, live in the coldest parts of the ocean. “Piscatorial” obviously refers to fish. DEFINITION/ EXPLANATION CLUES The most direct clues an author uses or usually defined for the reader, generally in the same sentence. DEFINITION/ EXPLANATION CLUES E.G. Sedentary individuals, people who are not very active, often have diminished health. DEFINITION/ EXPLANATION CLUES E.G. His emaciation, that is, his skeleton-like appearance, was frightening to see. “Skeleton-like appearance means “emaciation.” SITUATION CLUES A word can be understood based on the situation in which it is used. Literally, it depends on the context or how and where it is used. SITUATION CLUES E.G. The boy wondered if he should have brought some backup, in case he could not take on the Jabberwock by himself. SITUATION CLUES E.G. The hero's conquest of the Jabberwock is an exemplary case of bravery. SITUATION CLUES E.G. The hero is lucky that the murder of the Jabberwock does not merit a case in court. THANK YOU! www.reallygreatsite.com References: Reading and Writing Skills (Tiongson & Rodriguez, 2016) https://www.dictionary.com/e/denotation-vsconnotation/ www.canva.com https://courses.lumenlearning.com/englishcom p1/chapter/previewing/ https://www.collierschools.com/ https://www.mdc.edu/
