‫بسم الرحمان الرحيم‬
In the Name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful,
the Especially Merciful
1
Islamic Psychology:
Summary and
Conclusions
Islamic Online University
Dr Aisha Hamdan
2
‫ش ِھ َد ّ‬
‫• َ‬
‫ُ أَ َّن ُه الَ إِ َلـ َه إِالَّ ھ َُو‬
‫َوا ْل َمالَ ِئ َك ُة َوأ ُ ْولُو ْا ا ْل ِع ْل ِم َقآ ِئ َما ً ِبا ْلق ِْسطِ‬
‫الَ إِ َلـ َه إِالَّ ھ َُو ا ْل َع ِزي ُز ا ْل َحكِي ُم إِنَّ‬
‫ اإلِ ْسالَ ُم َو َما ْ‬
‫ف‬
‫الدِّينَ عِن َد ّ ِ‬
‫اخ َت َل َ‬
‫اب إِالَّ مِن َب ْع ِد َما‬
‫ا َّل ِذينَ أ ُ ْو ُتو ْا ا ْل ِك َت َ‬
‫َجاء ُھ ُم ا ْل ِع ْل ُم َب ْغ ًيا َب ْي َن ُھ ْم َو َمن َي ْكفُ ْر‬
‫ َس ِري ُع ا ْل ِح َسا ِ‬
‫ِبآ َيا ِ‬
‫ب‬
‫ َفإِنَّ ّ ِ‬
‫ت ِّ‬
‫‪3‬‬
The Religion with Allah is Islam
“Allah witnesses that there is no
deity except Him, and [so do] the
angels and those of knowledge [that He is] maintaining
[creation] in justice. There is no
deity except Him, the Exalted in
Might, the Wise.
4
Indeed, the religion in the sight
of Allah is Islam. And those who
were given the Scripture did not
differ except after knowledge
had come to them - out of jealous
animosity between themselves.
And whoever disbelieves in the
verse of Allah, then indeed, Allah
is swift in [taking] account.
5
So if they argue with you, say 'I
have submitted myself to Allah
[in Islam], and [so have] those
who follow me.' And say to those
who were given the Scripture
and [to] the unlearned [those
with no scripture], 'Have you
submitted yourselves?' And if
they submit [in Islam], they are
rightly guided;
6
but if they turn away - then upon
you is only the [duty of]
notification. And Allah is Seeing
of [His] servants."
Ali Imran (3):18-19
7
‫َو َمن َي ْب َت ِغ َغ ْي َر اإلِ ْسالَ ِم دِي ًنا‬
‫َف َلن ُي ْق َبل َ ِم ْن ُه َوھ َُو فِي‬
‫اآلخ َِر ِة ِمنَ ا ْل َخاسِ ِرينَ‬
‫‪8‬‬
The Religion with Allah is Islam
"And whoever desires other than
Islam as religion - never will it be
accepted from him, and he, in
the Hereafter, will be among the
losers."
Ali Imran (3):85
9
‫ا ْل َي ْو َم أَ ْك َم ْل ُ‬
‫ت َل ُك ْم دِي َن ُك ْم‬
‫َوأَ ْت َم ْم ُ‬
‫ت َع َل ْي ُك ْم ن ِْع َمتِي‬
‫َو َرضِ ُ‬
‫يت َل ُك ُم اإلِ ْسالَ َم دِي ًنا‬
‫‪10‬‬
The Religion with Allah is Islam
"This day, I have perfected your
religion for you, completed my
Favor upon you and have chosen
for you Islam as your religion."
al-Ma'idah (5):3
11
The Religion with Allah is Islam
• No religion will be accepted by Allah
from any person, except Islam
• Whoever meets Allah following a path
other than Islam it will not be accepted
of him
• All other paths closed with the coming
of Prophet Muhammad (peace and
blessings be upon him)
12
Islam is Complete and
Comprehensive
• As a complete and comprehensive
religion, Islam provides guidance for
the psychological and social aspects of
our lives
• Directs us to worship Allah and submit
to Him
• Path to righteousness, happiness and
satisfaction in life
13
Benefits of Worship
• Many benefits to be obtained by
following path of truth
• More person submits and worships
Allah, greater benefits will acquire
14
‫إِ َّنا أَ َ‬
‫اب‬
‫نز ْل َنا َع َل ْي َك ا ْل ِك َت َ‬
‫اس ِبا ْل َح ِّق َف َم ِن اھْ َتدَى‬
‫لِل َّن ِ‬
‫ضل َّ َفإِ َّن َما‬
‫َفلِ َن ْفسِ ِه َو َمن َ‬
‫َيضِ ل ُّ َع َل ْي َھا َو َما أَ َ‬
‫نت َع َل ْي ِھم‬
‫ِيل‬
‫ِب َوك ٍ‬
‫‪15‬‬
Benefits of Worship for Humans
“Indeed, We sent down to you the
Book for the people in truth. So
whoever is guided – it is for [the
benefit of] his soul; and whoever
goes astray only goes astray to its
detriment. And you are not a
manager [i.e., authority] over them.”
az-Zumar (39):41
16
Benefits of Worship for Humans
• Support and Help from Allah
• Light from Allah
• A Good Life
17
Support and Help from Allah
• Allah intervenes by responding to
supplication, by sending
tranquility, sending blessings,
supporting with angels and so forth
• Discussed in earlier section
18
Light from Allah
• As part of guidance, one who
submits will attain a light
– Leads him out of darknesses
– Spiritual light that illuminates the
way
– Imbues receiver with contentment
and tranquility
19
‫ّ‬
‫ُ َول ُِّي ا َّل ِذينَ آ َم ُنو ْا‬
‫ُي ْخ ِر ُج ُھم ِّمنَ ال ُّظلُ َما ِ‬
‫ت إِ َلى‬
‫ال ُّن ُو ِر‬
‫‪20‬‬
“Allah is the Protector and
Guardian of those who believe.
He brings them out from the
darkness into light.”
al-Baqarah (2):257
21
‫ش َر َح َّ‬
‫أَ َف َمن َ‬
‫صدْ َرهُ‬
‫ُ َ‬
‫َ‬
‫ْ‬
‫َ‬
‫َ‬
‫ُ‬
‫ِإل‬
‫ور ِّمن‬
‫ن‬
‫ى‬
‫ل‬
‫ع‬
‫و‬
‫ھ‬
‫ف‬
‫م‬
‫ال‬
‫س‬
‫َ‬
‫َ‬
‫ُ‬
‫ْ‬
‫ٍ‬
‫ل ِ ِ‬
‫َّر ِّب ِه َف َو ْيل ٌ ِّل ْل َقاسِ َي ِة قُلُو ُب ُھم‬
‫ أ ُ ْو َل ِئ َك فِي‬
‫ِّمن ِذ ْك ِر َّ ِ‬
‫ض َال ٍل ُم ِبي ٍن‬
‫َ‬
‫‪22‬‬
• “So is one whose breast Allah
has expanded to [accept] Islam
and he is upon [i.e., guided by] a
light from his Lord [like one
whose heart rejects it?] Then
woe to those whose hearts are
hardened against the
remembrance of Allah. Those
are in manifest error.”
az-Zumar (39):22
23
Light from Allah
• Light will be of benefit on Day of
Resurrection
– Before crossing over the bridge (assiraat), darkness will be cast upon
believers (the hypocrites will stay behind)
– Believers will be given light according to
the level of their good deeds in this life
– Will cross the bridge with speed that
matches their spiritual achievements in
this life
24
‫َي ْو َم َت َرى ا ْل ُم ْؤ ِمنِينَ َوا ْل ُم ْؤ ِم َنا ِ‬
‫ت‬
‫َي ْس َعى ُنو ُرھُم َب ْينَ أَ ْيدِي ِھ ْم‬
‫َو ِبأ َ ْي َما ِن ِھم ُب ْ‬
‫ش َرا ُك ُم ا ْل َي ْو َم َج َّن ٌ‬
‫ات‬
‫َت ْج ِري مِن َت ْح ِت َھا ْاألَ ْن َھا ُر‬
‫َخالِدِينَ فِي َھا َذلِ َك ھ َُو ا ْل َف ْو ُز‬
‫ا ْل َعظِ ي ُم‬
‫‪25‬‬
• “On the Day you see the believing
men and believing women, their light
preceding before them and on their
right. [It will be said], 'Your good
tidings today are [of] gardens
beneath which rivers flow, wherein
you will abide eternally.' That is
what is the great attainment.”
al-Hadeed (57):12
26
• "Allah tells us that the believing men
and women who were guided by the
light of this great religion in this world,
will be given light on the Day of
Resurrection which will show them the
way to the Gardens of Delight
(Paradise) and will help them to avoid
the obstacles and stumbling-blocks on
that slippery path."
• al-Ashgar, The Day of Resurrection in the Light of
the Qur'an and Sunnah, p. 370.
27
A Good Life
• Allah also promises the believer a
good, happy, and fulfilling life
• For his obedience and submission
to Allah
28
‫صال ًِحا ِّمن َذ َك ٍر أَ ْو‬
‫َمنْ َع ِمل َ َ‬
‫أُن َثى َوھ َُو ُم ْؤ ِمنٌ َف َل ُن ْح ِي َي َّن ُه‬
‫َح َيا ًة َط ِّي َب ًة َو َل َن ْج ِز َي َّن ُھ ْم‬
‫أَ ْج َرھُم ِبأ َ ْح َس ِن َما َكا ُنو ْا‬
‫َي ْع َملُونَ‬
‫‪29‬‬
“Whoever does righteousness,
whether male or female, while he
(or she) is a believer – We will
surely cause him to live a good
life, and We will surely give them
their reward [in the Hereafter]
according to the best of what
they used to do.”
an-Nahl 16:97
30
A Good Life
• Person will be content and pleased
with whatever Allah has decreed for
him
• Allah will increase his bounties in this
life
• Allah will guide him even more
• Experience the Jannah in this world
31
A Good Life
• Ibn Taymiyyah (may Allah be pleased
with him) said, “Truly, there is a
Heaven in this world, [and] whoever
does not enter it, will not enter the
Heaven of the next world.”
32
Summary
• Human nature is complex subject
• Allah has only granted us limited
knowledge
– This knowledge is sufficient for purposes
of our existence in this life
– Provides precisely that which we need in
order to be successful in this life and in
the Hereafter
33
Summary
• From perspective of Islam, we are
beings with a mind, body, emotions, as
well as a soul that influences and
directs these
• Only way to truly know one's self or
soul is through knowing Allah
• Fundamental aspect of psychology of
humans based upon Qur'an and Sunnah
34
Summary
• Islam offers comprehensive approach
to assist an individual in purifying the
soul and reaching a level of complete
peace, happiness, and well-being
• Achieved through submission to Allah
in all forms and worship of Him in the
manner prescribed in the Qur’an and
Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad
(peace and blessings be upon him)
35
Summary
"We have certainly created man
in the best of stature, then We
return him to the lowest of the
low, except for those who believe
and do righteous deeds, for they
will have a reward
uninterrupted." at-Teen (95):4-6
36
Summary
• Verse summarizes psychology from
the Islamic perspective
– Simply what life is truly about
– Either elevate ourselves spiritually by our
beliefs and choices, and thus attain
Allah's rewards and good pleasure
– Or we reject the guidance, debase
ourselves and thus earn Allah's wrath
37
Summary
• Path that we choose will
determine, not only the nature of
our existence in this life, but
ultimately our eternal abode in the
Hereafter
38
‫س ا ْل ُم ْط َم ِئ َّن ُة‬
‫َيا أَ َّي ُت َھا ال َّن ْف ُ‬
‫ْار ِجعِي إِ َلى َر ِّبكِ َراضِ َي ًة‬
‫َّم ْرضِ َّي ًة َفادْ ُخلِي فِي ِع َبادِي‬
‫َوادْ ُخلِي َج َّنتِي‬
‫‪39‬‬
“[To the righteous it will be
said], ‘O reassured soul, return
to your Lord, well-pleased and
pleasing [to Him], and enter
among My [righteous] servants,
and enter My Paradise.’”
al-Fajr (89):27-30
40
End of Session
41