Transcription and Translation 1. Complete the following diagrams illustrating transcription and translation. DNA (coding) A T G DNA (template) G C T A A C C T T G T vie mRNA w (a) A tRNA amino acid (b) C A G G A T G A A T T G C T C Pre DNA (coding) DNA (template) mRNA tRNA amino acid Transcription and Translation 1 www.GoodScienceWorksheets.com Transcription and Translation (c) G T A A A G G T C T G G C T C w DNA (coding) DNA (template) vie mRNA tRNA amino acid (d) DNA (coding) C A A T C G A C C A A C T A G Pre DNA (template) mRNA tRNA amino acid Transcription and Translation 2 www.GoodScienceWorksheets.com Transcription and Translation 4. (a) A C C T A G T G A A (b) G G A T C C T A T A (c) T T A G C C T C G A w 3. For the following DNA template strands, write the transcribed mRNA sequence below. For the following mRNA strands, write the original DNA template strand sequence below. (a) G G U A C A U A U C (b) U U A G U G U A C U (c) C C U A U A G G U A vie 2. For the following DNA template strands, intron sequences are underlined. Write the pre-mRNA and final mRNA sequences below. A A C A T G C T A C A T G G G A T C A T G C A T G C A T G C A Pre (a) (b) A C T G A C G T C A G T A G T C A G T C C G T A C A G T A T C (c) T G A C G T A C G T A C G T A C T G A C G T A G T C T G C A Transcription and Translation 3 www.GoodScienceWorksheets.com Transcription and Translation 7. How many bases are in a codon? (b) How many bases are in an anticodon? (c) How many amino acids are attached to each tRNA molecule? w 6. (a) What tRNA anticodons would be complementary to the following mRNA codons? (a) A A G (b) G G C (c) U U U vie 5. For tRNA molecules with the following anticodons, what mRNA codon will they temporarily bind to during translation? G A G (b) U C A (c) G A A What amino acids will be carried by tRNA molecules with the following anticodons? (a) G C G (b) C U U (c) A G U Pre 8. (a) 9. List all possible mRNA codons for the following amino acids. (a) Aspartic acid (Asp) (b) Leucine (Leu) (c) Valine (Val) Transcription and Translation 4 www.GoodScienceWorksheets.com Transcription and Translation Distinguish between the following: nucleotide and nucleic acid (b) amino acid and protein (c) transcription and translation w (a) vie 10. template strand and non-template strand; coding and non-coding strand (e) mRNA and tRNA (f) exon and intron Pre (d) (g) codon and anticodon (h) start codon and stop codon (i) promoter and terminator Transcription and Translation 5 www.GoodScienceWorksheets.com Transcription and Translation 13. (b) What are the cell organelles that synthesises proteins? List three ways that RNA differs from DNA. Name the three types of RNA and describe what they do. (a) Where does transcription occur in the cell? (b) Where does translation occur in the cell? Pre 14. What is the enzyme that synthesises mRNA? w 12. (a) vie 11. 15. 16. (a) Explain RNA splicing. (b) Which is shorter: the pre-mRNA or the final RNA? Why? DNA is the same in every cell of an organism, but RNA is different. Explain. Transcription and Translation 6 www.GoodScienceWorksheets.com Transcription and Translation 17. Use the space below to determine the sequence of the DNA coding strand (non-template strand) that codes for the following protein. (Where there is more than one possible DNA (a) Met Asp Glu His Arg Leu Ala Ser vie mRNA w codon sequence for an amino acid, just choose one). DNA non-template strand (coding strand) Met Gly Lys Val Thr Asn Trp Cys Pre (b) mRNA DNA non-template strand (coding strand) Transcription and Translation 7 www.GoodScienceWorksheets.com Transcription and Translation (a) Label the diagram below, using the following word list: amino acid mRNA (transcription) ribosome anticodon mRNA (translation) RNA polymerase w 18. nuclear membrane tRNA with amino acid nucleus tRNA without amino acid DNA - coding strand nucleotide transcription DNA - template strand peptide translation codon cytoplasm Label the 5’ and 3’ ends of all DNA and RNA strands vie (b) T A T T A G A G C A G A G T A T 3’ C T A T A U U C T A A C C A C A G C A G A G C G T C G T C T C G T C T G A C A A G T A A T G A 5’ G U Pre A A A G U G U A U C A G C A C G U T Met Transcription and Translation A Ile Ser G A G C A U C U C U C T C G A Ala 8 Glu www.GoodScienceWorksheets.com
