DNA Review
1. Base your answer to the following question on the choices
below.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Base your answers to questions 8 through 10 on the choices
below. Match the scientist to their contribution to the study of
biology.
Transformation
Translocation
Duplication
Conjugation
Translation
Process in which a bacterium gives a chunk of its
chromosome to another bacterium
____2. Transformation refers to which of the following?
A) The process by which bacteria take up and incorporate
foreign DNA.
B) The process of assembling amino acids into proteins at
the ribosomes according to genetic information
encoded in mRNA.
C) A mutation in which a chromosomal piece becomes
attached to another chromosome.
D) The transport of food through the phloem of a vascular
plant.
E) The process of coping the DNA code into a piece of
mRNA.
____3. Which of the following scientists determined that DNA
is the hereditary material in viruses?
A) Hershey and Chase (1952)
B) Griffith (1928)
C) Watson and Crick (1953)
D) Morgan (1950's)
E) Meselson and Stahl (1950's)
____4. Frederick Griffith experimented with two strains of
pneumonia, an S (smooth) and an R (rough) strain. When
injected into test mice, the S strain was able to kill its host
while the R strain was not. However, when the S strain
were killed by heat, and their remains were added to R
strain bacteria they were able to kill its host. This
phenomenon can best be described by
A) transformation
D) induction
B) transduction
E) replication
C) mutation
____5. Rosalind Franklin’s pictures of the DNA double helix
were taken using the technique known as
A) bright field microscopy
B) diffraction
C) fluorescence
D) transmission electron microscopy
E) x-ray crystallography
____6. Recombinant DNA is spliced at specific locations using
A) spliceosomes
D) cloning vectors
B) restriction enzymes
E) DNA ligase
C) plasmids
____7. Uracil is complementary to which nitrogenous base?
A) Thymine
D) Adenine
B) Guanine
E) Uracil
C) Cytosine
(A) Alfred Hershey & Martha Chase
(B) Rosalind Franklin
(C) George Beadle & Edward Tatum
(D) Frederick Griffith
(E) Barbara McClintock
8. Discovered that DNA is the genetic material of a
bacteriophage known as T2
9. Discovered that molecules from the dead S strain of the
bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae had genetically
transformed some of the living R strain bacteria into S
strain bacteria
10. Based the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis on the study of
nutritional mutants of Neurospora crassa, a red bread mold
____11. Using a single somatic cell from a multicellular
organism to make a genetically identical individual is called
A) mitosis
D) induction
B) nuclear transplantation E) differentiation
C) cloning
____12.
A)
B)
C)
Researchers are studying stem cells because they are
capable of rapid division within a nucleus
cells that never die once within the body
unspecialized and pluripotent under appropriate
conditions
D) the only cells able to be cloned in large amounts
E) undergo meiosis outside the gametes
____13. A DNA strand in a double helix has a base sequence of
TATCGT. The base sequence of its DNA complement is
A) ACGAUA
D) TGCTAT
B) TATCGT
E) AUAGCA
C) ATAGCA
____14. Which of the following are not paired correctly?
A) mRNA - carries the genetic information coded for in
the DNA to the ribosomes.
B) rRNA - interacts with the ribosomal protein and helps
maintain the characteristic shape of the ribosome.
C) tRNA - inserts the amino acid specified by the codon
on mRNA into the polypeptide chain.
D) Recombinant DNA - laboratory manipulated DNA in
which DNA molecules or fragments from various
sources are severed and combined enzymatically and
reinserted into living organisms.
E) Transposable elements - DNA sequences that wrap
around each other into clusters.
____15. The combination of a base, sugar, and phosphate is
known as a
A) protein base
D) nucleotide
B) molecular unit
E) base pair
C) nucleoside
____16. Which of the following statements is true?
A) DNA has a deoxyribose sugar, while RNA has a ribose
sugar
B) Both DNA and RNA are double-stranded
C) Both DNA and RNA contain the bases adenine and
thymine
D) The nitrogenous bases classified as purines include
adenine and cytosine
E) Cytosine pairs with thymine
____26. Which of the following processes can be referred to as
semiconservative?
A) RNA transcription
D) DNA replication
B) Translation
E) Recombination
C) Translocation
____17. One of the strands of DNA in a double helix has the
base sequence ATGATTC. The base sequence of the
complementary strand of DNA is
A) TACTAAG
D) CAGCAAG
B) TUCTUUG
E) UACUAAG
C) GACGAAT
____27. Which of the following occurs in semiconservative
DNA replication?
A) Neither strand of the parent DNA is replicated.
B) Only one strand of the double helix replicates.
C) Each strand of the double helix serves as a template for
the synthesis of its new partner.
D) Pieces of parent and daughter DNA are mixed together
in the new generation.
E) The parent duplex is left intact and an entirely new
double-stranded molecule is formed.
____18.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
____28.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
DNA nucleotides vary from each other at the
the nitrogenous base region
the ribose region
the deoxyribose region
the phosphate group region
the sugar molecule region
____19.
A)
B)
C)
D)
DNA has all of the following characteristics EXCEPT
the molecule is single stranded
contains sugar phosphate backbones
nitrogenous bases are linked by hydrogen bonds
one end has a 5' phosphate group and the other has a 3'
hydroxyl group
E) the molecule is antiparallel
____20.
A)
B)
C)
DNA contains all of the following EXCEPT
adenine
D) deoxyribose
phosphate
E) uracil
thymine
____21. The 5’ end of a DNA nucleotide can be identified by
the location of
A) carbon
D) oxygen
B) hydrogen bonds
E) phosphate group
C) nitrogenous bases
____22.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Nucleosomes are formed by
condensed mRNA in the nucleolus
DNA wrapped around histones
polypeptide chains around a metallic atom
rRNA prior to ribosome assembly
spindle fibers during mitosis
____23. If a segment of DNA contains the sequence 5'-GAT
TTA ATG-3', the resulting RNA must be
A) 3'-CAU UAA AUC-5'
D) 3'-CAT TAA ATC-5'
B) 3'-CUA AAU UAC-5'
E) 3'-GAT TTA ATU-3'
C) 3'-CTA TTA TAC-5'
____24.
A)
B)
C)
DNA is copied by the process of
replication
D) translation
fermentation
E) recombination
transcription
____25.
A)
B)
C)
Okazaki fragments are formed on
DNA lagging strand
D) tRNA strand
DNA leading strand
E) rRNA
mRNA strand
What is the function of DNA ligase?
Bind nucleotides together during transcription
Bind nucleotides together during translation
Bring together the Okazaki fragments
Unwind the double helix
Cut and rejoin the helix
____29. In DNA replication, what is the function of
polymerase?
A) Unwinds the double helix into two strands
B) Adds nucleotides alongside the leading strand
C) Brings together the Okazaki fragments
D) Cuts and rejoins the helix
E) Initiating enzyme
Base your answers to questions 30 and 31 on the choices below.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Helicase
Polymerase
Ligase
Topoisomerase
Primase
30. Adds nucleotides alongside the leading strand
31. Brings together the Okazaki fragments
____32. Anticodon wobble refers to
A) imprecise base pairing of the third base position which
still encodes the correct amino acid
B) general base pairing inaccuracy, which often causes
deleterious mutations
C) inaccurate base pairing of the second base position
which still encodes the correct amino acid
D) imprecise base pairing of the first base position which
encodes a start codon
E) inaccurate base pairing of the first base position which
encodes a termination codon
____33. If a DNA strand is 5’- GTACTACCTG-3’, what is the
complementary DNA strand?
A) 3’- GTACTACCTG- 5’ D) 3’- CATGATGGAC- 5’
B) 3’- CAUGAUGGAC- 5’ E) 3’- GAACAUCCUG- 5’
C) 3’- GUACUACCUG- 5’
____34. Which of the following reactions is catalyzed by DNA
polymerase?
A) A nucleotide whose base is complementary to a base
on the template strand is added to the new DNA strand.
B) Both nucleotide strands unite and form the doublehelical DNA.
C) The unwinding of the double-helical DNA.
D) The joining of the 2 ribosomal subunits.
E) tRNA release from the ribosome.
____35.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
The replication of DNA is
a semiconservative process
a degenerative process
a non-conservative process
a random process
a highly-conserved process
____36.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
In DNA synthesis, DNA is
read 3’ to 5’ and made 3’ to 5’
read 3’ to 5’ and made 5’ to 3’
read 5’ to 3’ and made 3’ to 5’
read 5’ to 3’ and made 5’ to 3’
read 5’ to 5’ and made 3’ to 3’
____37. The point that the leading strand in DNA replication
moves toward is called
A) centrosome
D) replication fork
B) kinetochore
E) synthetic synapse
C) nucleotide junction
____38.
A)
B)
C)
Okazaki fragments are joined by
DNA helicase
D) DNA primase
DNA ligase
E) topoisomerase
DNA polymerase
____39. Which of the following sequences expresses the
correct order of enzyme function in DNA replication?
A) helicase – primase – DNA polymerase –ligase
B) helicase – primase – ligase – DNA polymerase
C) helicase – primase – ligase – hydrolase
D) primase – helicase – ligase – DNA polymerase
E) primase – helicase – DNA polymerase – ligase
____40.
A)
B)
C)
Mutations caused by damage to DNA are detected by
DNA helicase
D) DNA primase
DNA ligase
E) topoisomerase
DNA polymerase I
____41.
A)
B)
C)
The primer that initiates DNA synthesis is composed of
1 DNA nucleotide
D) 1 methionine codon
5 DNA nucleotides
E) 1 water codon
5 RNA nucleotides
____42. DNA replication is a semiconservative process because
in the double helix
A) there are two strands, one from the template, and a new
complementary strand
B) the template molecule remains mostly intact
C) there are four strands, each containing a mixture of old
and new DNA
D) there is only one origin of replication
E) DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the 3'
end of a molecule thereby limiting mutations
____43. During DNA replication, the leading strand is easily
distinguishable from the lagging strand because
A) the leading strand is synthesized 3' to 5'
B) the lagging strand is synthesized in separate pieces
called Okazaki fragments
C) helicases only attach to the leading strand
D) the lagging strand is synthesized 5' to 3'
E) DNA ligase is attached to the leading strand
____44. During DNA replication, all of the following must
occur before the completion of a new strand EXCEPT
A) separation of the parental DNA strands by the DNA
helicase
B) primase joins RNA nucleotides to make a primer
C) telomerase terminates replication at the end of the
synthesized strand
D) DNA polymerase replaces RNA nucleotides with DNA
nucleotides
E) telomeres are added to the end of the synthesized strand
____45. A eukaryotic cell lacking helicase during DNA
replication would
A) be incapable of proofreading the newly synthesized
strand
B) be unable to terminate elongation
C) be incapable of unwinding the DNA helix
D) catalyze the DNA strand at incorrect locations
E) not seal the Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand
Answer Key
DNA REVIEW [Mar 12, 2019]
1. D
31. C
2.
A
32.
A
3.
A
33.
D
4.
A
34.
A
5.
E
35.
A
6.
B
36.
B
7.
D
37.
D
8. A
38.
B
9. D
39.
A
10. C
40.
C
11.
C
41.
C
12.
C
42.
A
13.
C
43.
B
14.
E
44.
C
15.
D
45.
C
16.
A
17.
A
18.
A
19.
A
20.
E
21.
E
22.
B
23.
B
24.
A
25.
A
26.
D
27.
C
28.
C
29.
B
30. B