ANATOMY and PHYSIOLOGY
ANATOMY

Microscopic Anatomy
Greek word which means “to cut or to

microscope
dissect”

Anatomy that which can be seen with the use of
The science that deals with the structure of
Kinds:
the body
Kinds of Anatomy

Gross Anatomy

Microscopic Anatomy

Developmental Anatomy

Comparative Anatomy

Cytology – study of cells

Histology – study of tissues

Organology – study of organs
Gross Anatomy

Anatomy that can be seen with the naked
eye
Kinds:
Developmental Anatomy

Regional – body studied by area

Systematic – body studied by
system

Anatomy that studies the anatomical changes
in a life cycle
Kinds:

Surface Anatomy

Embryology – study of prenatal
development
Surface anatomy is a branch of gross

anatomy

Study of the external features of the body

It deals anatomical features that can be
Postnatal development – study of
structures after birth

Ontogeny – total development of an
individual
studied by sight, without dissection
Comparative Anatomy

Anatomy that studies the comparison of
structures between organisms
Kinds:

Vertebrate – comparison of
structures among the vertebrate
classes
ANATOMY and PHYSIOLOGY

Phylogeny – the study of phyla,
and their relationships
PHYSIOLOGY

The scientific discipline that studies the
function of body structures

Structure
and
function
cannot
be
completely separated

Form is related to function.
Physiology according to the organism involved:

Physiology that deals with how living
organism works

Often concentrating on organs

Physiology according to the organism
involved covers life from the molecular
level right up to the behavior of the whole
organism.
Physiology according to levels of organism within
a given organism:

Organs that work together are grouped into
organ systems

The organism level is the highest level of
organization

An organism is a living being that has a
cellular
structure
and
that
can
independently perform all physiological
function necessary for life