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编 : 裴广新
执行主编 : 裴广新
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者 : 裴广新
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校 : 裴广新
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编 : 裴广新
仅供内部学员使用 , 严禁外传
English
Just
Optimistic
Young
Grade
9
Joy 英语 2023 寒假
初三 高端班 ( 全国版 )
STUDENTS' BOOK
( 仅供内部学员使用 )
Joy 英语 初三高端班寒假直播讲义大纲
讲次
话题
内容
感情色彩
Part 1 Cloze Skills
Part 2 Cloze
Lecture 1
Emotions & Feelings
Part 3 Key Words
宾语从句
Part 4 Grammar
Part 5 Homework
Lecture 2
Part 1 Writing Skills
作文修改 1
Part 2 Writing
议论文（社会热点）
Part 3 Listening
Part 4 Homework
生活常识和文化背景
Part 1 Cloze Skills
Part 2 Cloze
Lecture 3
Social Life
Part 3 Key Words
定语从句 ( 一 )
Part 4 Grammar
Part 5 Homework
首字母填空
Part 1 Cloze Skills
Part 2 Cloze
Lecture 4
Amazing Animals
Part 3 Key Words
定语从句 ( 二 )
Part 4 Grammar
Part 5 Homework
Lecture 5
Part 1 Writing Skills
作文修改 2
Part 2 Writing
中国传统文化
Part 3 Listening
虚拟语气
Part 4 Grammar
Part 5 Homework
Part 1 Reading Skills
表格信息题
Part 2 Reading
Lecture 6
Travel & Transport
Part 3 Key Words
反义疑问句
Part 4 Grammar
Part 5 Homework
Part 1 Listening
Part 2 Vocabulary Review
Lecture 7
Revision
Part 3 Grammar Review
Part 4 Cloze and Reading
Part 5 Homework
＊因教材改版和课次调整 , 最终安排以实际情况为准
LECTURE
1
CONTENTS
Part One
Part Two
Part Three
Part Four
Part Five
CLOZE SKILLS
CLOZE
KEY WORDS
GRAMMAR
HOMEWORK
5
Part 1 CLOSE SKILLS
感情色彩
完形填空的文章往往具有一定的感情基调。而词汇的褒贬义和中性含义 , 能够考查考生对于整篇文章感情
色彩的体验。
Exercise 1
) 1. Learning a new language is never _____. But with some work and devotion, you'll make progress.
(
A. tiresome
B. hard
C. interesting
D. easy
) 2. I often read of incidents of misunderstanding or conflict. I'm left _____. Why do these
(
people create mistrust and problems, especially with those from other races?
A. interested
B. pleased
C. puzzled
D. excited
) 3. His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and _____,
(
putting others first.
A. careful
B. regretful
C. considerate
D. humorous
) 4. They can also make people feel _____ and forced to answer unwanted calls or reply to
(
unwanted texts.
A. trapped
B. excited
C. confuse
D. amused
) 5. While traveling was inspiring and meeting people was _____, nothing about my term in
(
France was what I expected.
A. boring
B. upsetting
C. exciting
D. promising
) 6. I felt tears coming to my eyes, so I ran to the bathroom. I felt so childish, crying alone.
(
It's really _____ to go against your friends, especially when you're hoping to be popular
with them.
A. brave
B. hard
C. necessary
D. strange
) 7. After she told me everything, I was so _____ by how selfless she was. As her son, I was
(
so proud. I continued to buy food for my mom after that. But I always added one more
bag for her other children.
A. afraid
B. sad
C. moved
D. excited
) 8. I was rushed to hospital and had to stay there for weeks while the doctors fought to
(
save my life. "Holly's very _____ to be alive," they told Mum and Dad.
A. happy
B. lucky
C. lonely
D. poor
) 9. Leaping on a narrow balance beam is not easy. But Lola Walter, a 13-year-old gymnast,
(
is an expert at it……. Lola is _____ of all her hard work and success.
A. proud
B. tired
C. ashamed
D. confident
) 10. _____, the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our country.
(
A. Thankfully
6
B. Hopefully
C. Unfortunately
D. Strangely
Lecture 1 Emotions & Feelings
Exercise 2
At that age, I always did something
found
1
to whatever my parents did! If gardening were something they
2 , I would plant a garden!
...
3 , my parents showed no interest in my garden. My father even
4
at me because found it was
6 , I put her vase my real roses which,
5 to move around my garden to the driveway. To my mother's
in her eyes, were simply weeds rather than flowers.
Regardless of their
7
, I kept on planting my garden and
8
to enjoy the pleasure of gardening.
Plants make such good companions：they breathe, they bloom, they
9 to care and love.
...
(
) 1. A. equal
B. similar
C. superior
D. opposite
(
) 2. A. painful
B. valuable
C. upsetting
D. interesting
(
) 3. A. Instead
B. However
C. Therefore
D. Besides
(
) 4. A. shouted
B. laughed
C. glanced
D. jumped
(
) 5. A. convenient
B. troublesome
C. enjoyable
D. dangerous
(
) 6. A. sadness
B. displeasure
C. delight
D. relief
(
) 7. A. dislike
B. encouragement
C. threat
D. suggestion
(
) 8. A. decided
B. stopped
C. continued
D. struggled
(
) 9. A. devote
B. turn
C. respond
D. lead
7
Part 2 CLOZE
When I was a young father, autumn would spread her
colorful carpet across the hills and mountains of my
home. I would often load my kids into the car and
go on a tour, admiring the __1__ of this world.
I remember I once drove a long way down
a back road I was __2__ with. At one point I came
to a crossroads. One road was paved and looked in
good __3__. The other road didn’t look quite so good. __4__
my better instincts( 直觉 ), I decided to take a chance and didn’t go down the good one. It didn’t take
long before I came to the __5__ that I had made a big mistake. The road was full of potholes( 坑洼 ) and
rocks that dragged __6__ my car. I almost got __7__ in the mud once and the road seemed to __8__
as I went along. Finally, I stopped the car and looked around, and I decided to drive a mile and a half
backward until I __9__ the crossroads again.
__10__, that wasn’t the only time in my time when I took the wrong way at the crossroads. I have done
so more times than I can __11__. Thankfully, each time I realized my mistake, I would __12__ to be on
the right road again.
Crossroads call for choice, and there is no __13__ in changing your choice if you see you are on the
wrong road. Choose wisely and correct your mistakes when __14__. Then all of your __15__ will lead
you to joy and pattern of your life will become as beautiful as a forest in the fall.
(
) 1. A. origin
B. kindness
C. wisdom
D. beauty
(
) 2. A. uncomfortable
B. unpleasant
C. unfamiliar
D. unhappy
(
) 3. A. condition
B. sense
C. season
D. taste
(
) 4. A. Remembering
B. Ignoring
C. Pressing
D. Addressing
(
) 5. A. development
B. appointment
C. introduction
D. realization
(
) 6. A. in
B. under
C. in front of
D. from
(
) 7. A. hit
B. ruined
C. stuck
D. protected
(
) 8. A. shorten
B. widen
C. strengthen
D. worsen
(
) 9. A. missed
B. felt
C. reached
D. left
(
) 10. A. Fortunately
B. Doubtfully
C. Roughly
D. Sadly
(
) 11. A. offer
B. impress
C. help
D. count
(
) 12. A. manage
B. plan
C. want
D. expect
(
) 13. A. point
B. shame
C. contentment
D. relaxation
(
) 14. A. necessary
B. practical
C. imaginable
D. anxious
(
) 15. A. difficulties
B. changes
C. rewards
D. facts
8
Lecture 1 Emotions & Feelings
▊ Practice 1
In 2015, some American sociologists reported that empathy, the ability to understand other people and
share other’s feelings among college students had fallen down quickly over the past 10 years. That
could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time, the sociologists said.
Today, people spend more time ____1____ and are less likely to join groups and clubs.
Annie Moore is in charge of a teen program. She ____2____ differently. Turn on the TV, and we watch
news and see reality shows full of people fighting, competing and treating one another with no respect.
Humans learn by example — and some examples are not empathetic at all.
There are good ____3____ not to follow those bad examples. Humans are born with social relations.
And empathy plays a key role in these relationships. The sociologists have also found that empathetic
teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. Besides, empathy can help us stay away from
sadness and fear.
Empathy is also an ability for a good leader. In fact, Annie says, many top companies think that empathy
is one of the most important things they look for in new ____4____. Good social skills, including
empathy are a king of “emotional intelligence” and it will help you succeed in many areas of life.
“Academics are important. But if you don’t have emotional intelligence, you won't be as successful in
work or life,” she says.
What's the best way to up your EQ? For starters, let down your guard and really ____5____ others. “One
doesn’t have empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking,” Annie says.
To really ____6____ empathy, you’d better volunteer a nursing home or a hospital, join a club or a team
that has a diverse membership, have a “sharing circle” with your family, or spend time taking care of
pets at an animal shelter.
(
) 1. A. away
B. around C. alone D. along
(
) 2. A. suggests
B. apologizes
C. predicts
(
) 3. A. customs
B. reasons
C. effects D. cases
(
) 4. A. detectives
B. citizens
C. customers
D. managers
(
) 5. A. give orders to
B. learn from
C. listen to
D. take the place of
(
) 6. A. develop
B. remember
C. hide
D. refuse
D. explains
9
▊ Practice 2
Autism is a disorder of the
brain that happens in the
first three years of life. It
___1___ the brain’s normal
development. Most autistic
patients have difficulty talking
with other people or doing
things. However, some of the
autistic people have surprising
abilities. For example, some
can memorize many things
and some can do calculations
really fast.
Raymond Babbitt in the 1988 film Rain Man is an ___2___ of autistic people. The character in the film
was based on Kim Peek, a man from the USA．Peek couldn't switch on a light or put his clothes on by
himself. But his ___3___ was so surprising that he could remember almost anything. He could memorize
every road, place and distance on maps. He could even remember almost every word in thousands of
books. His way of reading was more ___4___ . Peek could read two pages at the same time in just eight
to ten seconds. He read the left page with his left eye and the right page with his right eye.
Scientists still don't know for sure why some autistic people have special talent after they have done
a lot of research. There is one possible explanation. When certain parts of the brain are ___5___ by
autism, other parts of the brain might get stronger. Therefore, special abilities were born.
But not all people with autism have special abilities. ____6____ autism people with special abilities are
rare and the abilities cannot be trained. According to research, only ten percent of autistic people show
any signs of special talent.
(
) 1. A. helps
B. increases
C. affects
D. records
(
) 2. A. actress
B. inventor
C. owner
D. example
(
) 3. A. memory
B. behavior
C. change
D. smile
(
) 4. A. common
B. amazing
C. frightening
D. traditional
(
) 5. A. rebuilt
B. recognized
C. repaired
D. damaged
(
) 6. A. Above all
B. On average
C. In fact
D. In addition
10
Lecture 1 Emotions & Feelings
▊ Supplementary Clozes
Help
Most people find it hard to __1__ for and fewer people are
willing to offer it, but help is a key part of being human. Our
species needs to collaborate to survive as we have never
developed physical defence mechanisms __2__ claws.
Nowadays we have __3__ need for physical forms of
protecting ourselves, however, we need to use our __4__ to maintain the delicate balance which is our
superiority over the natural world. People need help in many __5__ of their lives; financial support and
advice are common things that people might need. So, don’t be __6__ to look for help from friends and
family if it is necessary.
(
) 1. A. request
B. ask
C. seek
D. give
(
) 2. A. like
B. such
C. example
D. instance
(
) 3. A. little
B. much
C. many
D. few
(
) 4. A. minds
B. thoughts
C. memories
D. attitude
(
) 5. A. ways
B. forms
C. areas
D. times
(
) 6. A. upset
B. annoying
C. worrying
D. afraid
You stand no chance
If eternal happiness is what you are __1__ for, forget about
it. It is a common mistake to think that one can be happy all
the time, happiness is a mood and not therefore something
permanent. It is merely one of a wide __2__ of emotions that
us humans are able to feel and it would be crazy to think otherwise.
It has been __3__ out that those who deem themselves to be happy all the time are either __4__morons
or liars. There have been several studies into the __5__ and it is crystal clear that everyone needs to
__6__ a mixture of emotions in order to reach the point in which they could truly know what happiness
is. By saying this, we __7__ that people need to sometimes be unhappy, upset and annoyed to clear the
way for them to become cheerful and upbeat at other times.
Over long periods of time, this variation of emotions __8__ you to actually know what happiness is and
also make you a well-balanced individual.
(
) 1. A. seeking
B. looking
C. trying
D. standing
(
) 2. A. range
B. ambit
C. span
D. scope
(
) 3. A. carried
B. found
C. gone
D. looked
(
) 4. A. whole
B. entire
C. complete
D. sheer
(
) 5. A. incident
B. episode
C. occasion
D. matter
(
) 6. A. experience
B. involve
C. sustain
D. undergo
(
) 7. A. want
B. mean
C. indicate
D. show
(
) 8. A. lets
B. sanctions
C. allows
D. concedes
11
Part 3 KEY WORDS
1. emotion
1) Being able to control your emotions is the key to your
happiness.
2) Emotional problems among pupils have become an
1. emotion
______________ 充满感情的
______________ a. 情感的
______________ a. 冷漠的
issue of priority for many schools.
2. expectation
1) Asian parents always have great expectations on their
children.
2) It is very hard to live up to their expectations.
2. expectation
_______________ 对某人抱有期待
______________ 达到某人期望
______________ 超出某人的期望
3) They always expect the children to succeed beyond
their expectations.
3. frustrate
1) It frustrates me that I'm not able to put any of my ideas
into practice.
2) I don't think we should feel frustrated when we have no
3. frustrate
______________ a. 失意的 , 受挫的
______________ a. 使人灰心的
______________ n. 沮丧 , 不满
way to do the world-shaking things.
4. pursue
4. pursue
1) Students should pursue their own interests, as well as
n. 追赶 , 追求
doing their school work.
2) She decided to pursue her dream after obtaining her degree.
5. mix
5. mix
When I learned some tragic news, I always have mixed
feelings to the pain and struggles people are suffering.
6. hostile
6. hostile
对 …… 采取敌对态度
Surprisingly, some people tend to take a hostile attitude
to the stress.
7. jealous
7. jealous
1) It is normal for people to be jealous of others who do better.
______________ 嫉妒 ......
2)But never allow your heart to be full of jealousy.
______________ n. 嫉妒心
8. release
1) To release the negative emotions, we can take time to
slow down.
8. release
______________ 释放压力
______________ 如释重负
2) We feel a sense of release after the exam.
9. appreciate
9. appreciate
1) I can't tell you how much I appreciate your valuable advice.
______________ 感激……
2)The happiest are not those who own all the best things,
______________ 欣赏艺术
but those who can appreciate the beauty of life.
10. faith
As long as we have faith in our abilities and potentials,
everything will clear up.
12
10. faith
______________ 对……有信心
______________ a. 忠实的
Lecture 1 Emotions & Feelings
▌Exercise
Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words we have just learned.
1. Of the many unpleasant ____________ we can experience, fear may top the list.
2. It ____________ me that I'm not able to complete my job before the deadline.
3. When I was a senior in high school, I already knew I wanted to ____________ writing as a career.
4. It is commonly believed that all over the world, boys and girls attend a ___________ school, where
they study together.
5. Writing blogs can not only provide a colorful platform to show our talents, but is also a way to
____________ our pressure.
6. Dogs feel very ____________ when they find that they are unfairly treated. And they do not like
seeing their owners being kind to other creatures, especially other dogs.
7. We did so well - beyond all our ____________.
8. I'd ____________ it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
13
Part 4 GRAMMAR 宾语从句
I. 宾语从句的概念
在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
(1) Many people know that bees are very important to humans.
(2) But many people don't know whether we should pass laws to stop people from growing genetically
modified crops.
(3) I wonder why bees are disappearing so quickly.
II. 引导词
引导词
作用
可否省略
that
无意义 , 连接作用 可省
if / whether
不作成分
例句
Scientists believe that we should pay attention to the
problem.
不可省
We all wonder whether we need to take action soon.
what, which, who,
主语、宾语、定语 不可省
whose, whom
We need to consider what we can do to help solve the
when, where,
why, how
Scientists are trying to find out why bees die in large
状语
problem.
不可省
numbers.
III. 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句一律用： 陈述语序 : 主句 + 连接词 + 从句（主 + 谓 + 其他成分）
Scientists say that food supply won't last long if we don't take action soon.
We all wonder what the world will be like without bees.
注意：当从句的原句为以下句子以及 what, who 作主语时 , 语序不变。
1. I don't know what's the matter. ( √ ) I don't know what the matter is.
(
×
)
2. Can you tell me who is the murder of bees? ( √ ) Can you tell me who the murder of bees is? (
×
)
IV. 宾语从句的时态
主句时态
现在时
从句时态
不受主句限制
过去时的相应时态
过去时
14
真理规律永远用
一般现在时。
口诀
主现从随便 ,
主过从必过 ,
例句
Do you know that our planet has been polluted?
He told me that he would do something to help save
our precious nature.
真理规律永一现。She told us that where there is a will, there is a way.
Lecture 1 Emotions & Feelings
▌Exercise
(
) 1. Many people firmly believe _____ a healthy lifestyle can improve the quality of life.
A. that
(
B. when
C. how
D. why
) 2. We have to cancel the trip because we are not sure _____ the theme park will be closed
because of the coming storm.
A. which
(
B. what
C. whether
D. why
) 3. — I've just received a WeChat message — “ttyl”. Do you know ______ it means?
— It stands for “talk to you later”.
A. how
(
B. what
C. that
D. who
) 4. — Daniel, could you tell me ______ the 2020 Olympics will be held?
— Certainly, in Tokyo.
A. when
(
B. what
C. where
D. whether
) 5. — David asked _____ in China.
— Of course not. Chinese usually shake hands with a lady as a greeting.
A. why he can greet a lady by kissing her
B. why he could greet a lady by kissing her
C. whether he can greet a lady by kissing her D. whether he could greet a lady by kissing her
(
) 6. — What're you searching for online?
— I'm trying to make out ______ “the country riding on the sheep's back”.
(
A. why Australia is called
B. why was Australia called
C. that Australia is called
D. that was Australia called
) 7. — Excuse me, can you tell me ______?
— Sorry, I am too busy now. Why not search the Internet for information?
(
A. how does smog come into being
B. where the national space station lies
C. why tigers were becoming fewer now
D. how many years did the Qin Empire last
) 8. — Let's go on a trip to Jiming Temple by Mobike this Saturday, shall we?
— Good idea. But I wonder ______.
(
(
A. how can I download Mobike App
B. whether it's going to rain
C. how much should we pay for the Mobike
D. that we can meet at the school gate
) 9. I ______ from the Mars, and he must be joking.
A. don't think he comes
B. think he doesn't come
C. think he won't come
D. didn't think he come
)10. — Do you know ______?
— Yes, he has a bad cold.
A. what is he wrong with
B. what he is wrong with
C. what's wrong with him
D. what he was wrong with
15
▌Challenge
) 1. As a new graduate, he doesn't know ______ it takes to start a business here.
(
A. how
B. what
C. when
D. which
) 2. I need help now! I have to fix a leaking pipe in my bathroom but I'm not sure _____ to begin.
(
A. what
B. which
C. where
D. when
) 3. — Honey, shall we adopt a dog?
(
— Adopting a pet depends on _____ we have the ability to care for it. Actually, we are so busy.
A. that
B. whether
C. which
D. what
) 4. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know _____.
(
A. he is entering which lane
B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane
D. which lane is he entering
) 5. It is generally believed _____.
(
A. that modern technology and mass media are helping to break traditional cultural boundary
B. if the new course on electronic games has attracted many students
C. why Chinese science fictions are becoming increasingly popular
D. how has she made great progress
16
Lecture 1 Emotions & Feelings
Part 5 HOMEWORK
I. Grammar
(
) 1. — Jerry, I haven't heard from Carl for a long time. Can you tell me ______ he is?
— He is busy with his driving test. You may communicate with him on the phone.
A. how
(
B. which
C. why
D. when
) 2. — Do you know ______ the Belt and Road Forum began?
— On May 14th, 2017.
A. that
(
B. when
C. if
D. where
) 3. — Excuse me, could you tell me ______ I can get to Suguo Supermarket?
— Better walk there. It's only about ten minutes' walk.
A. how
(
B. what
C. if
D. when
) 4. — Could you tell me ______ the Winter Olympic Games are held?
— Every four years.
A. how long
(
B. how soon
C. how often
D. how much
) 5. — Could you tell me _______ at the meeting?
— Sorry, I don't know. I almost fell asleep during it.
A. what he says
(
B. how he said
C. what he said
D. how does he say
) 6. — Do you know ______?
— We can try to produce less waste, reuse or recycle things.
(
A. why can we live a green life
B. how we could live a green life
C. why we can live a green life
D. how we can live a green life
) 7. — Teacher told us to do some volunteering to make our city cleaner. Could you tell me _____?
— I'm not sure. Maybe this weekend.
(
A. how we'll clean up the city park
B. where shall we clean up the city park
C. when we'll clean up the city park
D. what can we bring to clean up the city park
) 8. — Miss Lee, I didn't catch what you said. Could you tell me ______again?
— OK!
(
(
A. what should we take
B. where shall we meet
C. when we would start
D. how we will get there
) 9. I ______ the first prize, for I did not work that hard for the competition.
A. believe I didn't get
B. don't believe I got
C. believe didn't I get
D. don't I believe get
)10. — Could you tell me _____?
— Certainly, and the earlier, the cheaper.
A. how long it will take to get to New Delhi
B. if I can book a direct flight to New Delhi online
C. where I can buy the ticket for the direct flight to New Delhi
D. whether I can buy a ticket to New Delhi without my passport
17
II. Vocabulary
emotion, expectation, faith, mix, jealous, appreciate, frustrate, pursue
Write down the words according to the explanations.
11. _____________ a strong feeling such as love, anger, fear, sadness and so on
12. _____________ to make someone less confident because they cannot achieve what they want
13. _____________ to follow someone or something, usually to try to catch him, her, or it
14. _____________ great trust or confidence in something or someone
Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words given.
15. My parents are very strict with me and have a high _____________ on me.
16. Traditionally, boys and girls attend a _____________ school,where they study together.
17. Guess what? Your dog can get _____________ when you pay attention to other dogs, other people
or even other things.
18. I'd _____________ it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
III. Cloze
The bus was filled with excitement. Students were talking and laughing, but there was also a bit of
__19__ energy in the air. As the bus pulled into the parking lot at the television studio, Mr. Osaka
cleared his throat.
“I want to thank each one of you for your hard work. I know that many of you have had to put other
activities on hold for the training. Whether or not our Sunshine Middle School wins today’s competition,
I’m proud of you all,” Mr. Osaka continued. “It’s a great honor just to be on Quiz Power. Just do your
best and enjoy yourselves today. No matter what, we’re all going home ___20___.
The members of the team ___21__ as Mr. Osaka finished his speech. As they headed for the doors of
the bus, several students stopped to thank Mr. Osaka for his commitment to the team. The students knew
they were ready for almost any question the quizmaster might ask. They couldn’t wait to get started.
Inside the studio, the students were met by Anna, the show’s executive producer. Anna was tall, friendly woman.
“I am sure you’ve already heard this a hundred times today,” she told the room of expectant students,
“but the most important thing you can do during the competition is to relax and have fun. Do your best
to ignore the cameras and the audience. Once the host has finished asking a question, you will want
to ring your buzzer as soon as you think you have the answer. __22__, you may not ring in until the
entire question has been read. People are likely to speak more quickly when they are nervous, so just
try to answer slowly and calmly when it’s your turn.” Ann paused and smiled at the students who were
beginning to look tense. “Do you have any questions before we begin?”
Gabriel, a seventh-grader from Sunshine, waved his hand. “Will the winning team come back to
compete for the championship?” he asked __23__, with hope in his eyes.
Ann nodded. “The championships are held in the spring. The winning team in the final will receive $1,000.
The winning school will also receive two brand-new computers.”
“Any more questions?” Ann asked. The students were silent, __24__ the task ahead of them.
“Then, let the game begin!”
(
(
(
(
(
(
) 19. A. nervous
) 20. A. bosses
) 21. A. cheered
) 22. A. In brief
) 23. A. properly
) 24. A. satisfied with
18
B. magic
B. citizens
B. hesitated
B. However
B. seriously
B. worried about
C. happy
C. winners
C. rested
C. In other words
C. eagerly
C. thankful for
D. naughty
D. graduates
D. survived
D. For the time being
D. angrily
D. focusing on
LECTURE
2
CONTENTS
Part One
WRITING SKILLS
Part Two
WRITING
Part Three LISTENING
Part Four
HOMEWORK
19
Part 1 写作技能— 作文修改 1
▌作文修改 1
作文常见错误
错句
1.
2. ____________________________________
1) ___________________________________
2) ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
3) ___________________________________
___________________________________
3. ____________________________________
1) ___________________________________
2) ___________________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
3) ____________________________________
(1) _________________________________
(2) _________________________________
(3) _________________________________
(4) _________________________________
4) ____________________________________
____________________________________
1. Many place are very dry.
2. I am writing to give you some advices.
3. The clothes in the department is expensive.
4. After about one hour and a half hour, the sky became dark.
5. I'm writing to you for some advices about learning English.
6. What a beautiful weather we are having today!
1. Different people has different opinion
2. My father and my mother is all teachers.
3. Everything are going very well.
4. There are a man teacher and two women teachers in
the office.
5. When a person have knowledge, he can do what he
want to do.
6. David with his little brother go to the park every Sunday.
7. Chat with friends on line is relaxing.
4. ____________________________________ 1. She always encourage me when I'm in trouble.
1) ____________________________________ 2. Her mother jumped into the lake and swimmed to joy.
2) ____________________________________
At last her mother saved Joy. They were all got wet.
3) ____________________________________ 3. The sports meeting will hold on Monday.
4. A traffic accident was happened yesterday.
5. I decided to be a food critic after I graduated.
There are many reasons for this decision.
6. I will try to use things that can recycle.
7. Even the simplest activities can be made a real difference.
5.
6. ____________________________________ 1. We do not like he.
(____________________________________) 2. His book is different from me.
7. ____________________________________ 1. Because heavy rain we can't hold the sports meeting.
____________________________________ 2. With the development of the society, surfing Internet is
getting more and more popular.
3. For long time they walked without saying a word.
Jim was the first to break silence.
4. I am tired, I must go to bed.
5. Watching English movies also helpful to us.
20
Lecture 2 Writing — 议论文（社会热点）
▌Exercise
I. Please read it carefully, then find the mistakes and correct them.
Bicycle are still popular on the streets in Beijing. It's easy to by bike go to school or go to work. Now
more and more people plan to buy cars instead of bike. But I think that running cars make air dirty.
It was harmful to our health. Riding bicycles can help people keep healthy, and energy can be save.
Because riding bikes will always make me happy, so I prefer to go to school by bike.
II. Please read the sentences carefully, then find the mistakes and correct them.
1. Water will boil at 100℃ .
2. There are many ways to know the society. For example, by TV radio, newspaper and so on.
3. At the age of ten, my grandfather died.
4. Few people can around the world.
5. We always working till late at night before taking exams.
6. We should read books may be useful to us.
7. The driver of the red car was died on the spot.
8. Someone/Somebody think that reading should be selective.
9. I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street.
10. Under the teacher's help I worked out the difficult problem.
11. In the afternoon, I played table-tennis with Xiao Ming and I always won him.
12. Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid.
13. In some places there are nothing that cannot buy with money.
14. A baby can cry as soon as it was born.
15. Knife should take away from babies.
16. Help yourself to some drink, boys and girls.
17. The population of China is larger than those of Japan.
18. Please give my best regard to your parents.
19. I have got good marks in all my subject.
20. He suggested to go there on his bike.
21
Part 2 写作题材 — 议论文 ( 热点类 )
真题回放
1. 如今，许多年轻人喜欢上了外卖食物。它使人们生活变得更方便快捷，但同时也存在着不少弊端。请
根据以下提示及要求写一篇英文短文，谈谈外卖食物的利与弊，并阐述你的看法和建议。
提示： 优点： 1. 方便快捷，节约时间；
缺点： 1. 塑料包装污染环境； 要求：
2. 品种多样，美味可口；
3. ……
2. 饮食习惯不健康； 3. ……
1. 语句通顺，意思连贯，可根据提示适当发挥；
2. 词数不少于 80 词，文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 文中不得出现学校、姓名、地名信息。
参考词汇：
塑料包装 plastic packages
参考范文：
Nowadays, many young people enjoy ordering take-away food. It’s true that ordering take-away
food has many advantages. Firstly, it is convenient for us and can save time. Besides, we can get
all kinds of delicious food by shopping online. The most important thing is that the food online is
always cheaper. However, there are some problems with ordering take-away food. Eating too much
take-away food is not healthy for our body, and it’s not a good eating habit. The environment will be
polluted by the plastic packages. In addition, it is not good to improve our independence.
In my opinion, ordering take-away food should only be used when needed and people should not
order too much take-away food.
2. 疫情影响了我们日常生活的方方面面，包括旅游。回忆并描述一下你之前的一次旅游 ( 和谁 ? 去了
哪里 ? 玩了什么 ?……)
虽然现在我们不能随意出行，但新型的旅游方式应运而生，例如 nearby travel( 就近游 )，pod travel
( 豆荚式旅游 ) 和 cloud travel( 云旅游 ) 等。你下一次旅行打算采用哪种方式呢 ? 说说你的理由。
提示：
豆荚式旅游指和家人或朋友呆在安全的地方放松休息，比如农村。
云旅游指的是足不出户，利用网络欣赏各地风光。
要求：
1. 所写内容必须包括以上要点和自行补充内容；
2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名；
3. 内容连贯，并进行合理拓展；
4. 100 词左右；开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
参考范文：
Traveling
Travelling plays an important part in our life. So far, I have been to many places. Last summer holiday,
I went to Beijing with my classmates. We went to the Great Wall and visited the palace museum. They
are great buildings. We also ate the Beijing Roast Duck. It’s very famous and delicious food.
Though it’s difficult for us to enjoy travelling now, some new types of travelling have come out. Among them,
I prefer pod travel. First, it’s safe and we don’t have to wear our masks all the time. Second, we can choose
to stay in the countryside and enjoy the fresh air without many people around. Third, we can do something
fun and relaxing with our family in the countryside. It’s really a good chance to experience nature.
22
Lecture 2 Writing — 议论文（社会热点）
3. 当下，在线学习已然成为一种新的学习方式。假如你是李华，你所在的山河中学将举行以“Be
smart online learners”为题的演讲比赛，请根据以下的提示，写一份演讲稿。
线上学习的优势（advantages）
线上学习的劣势（disadvantages）
1. 网络资源丰富，学习平台多样
1. 难以长时间集中注意力
2. 在家里学习，自主安排学习时间
2. 拍照搜题，影响学习效果
3. 阅读自己喜欢的书籍
3. 长时间看屏幕，对视力有害
你的建议 ……
参考范文
Dear students,
Nowadays, online learning is becoming more and more popular. Compared with traditional faceto-face classes, online learning has many advantages. First, there are different kinds of learning
resources and study platforms online. We may have choices to get learning materials suitable for
our level and interest. Second, studying at home offers us a great opportunity to manage our time by
ourselves. We are able to study whenever we want. Third, online learning provides us with more time
to read the books we like.
However, online learning also has its disadvantages. For example, it’s difficult for us to keep focusing
for a long time. Some students will copy down answers from the Internet which will have a bad effect
on their study. What’s more, too much screen time can do harm to students’ eyes.
In order to be successful online learners, we should develop good learning habits, take notes to go
over what we have learned and be active and independent!
Thanks for listening!
4. 随着快递业的蓬勃发展 , 给大家带来极大便利的同时也产生了
海量的快递包装垃圾。而这些快速增长的垃圾正在影响我们的生
活。请你写一份倡议书 , 谈谈你对包装垃圾的看法和整治建议 ,
并号召大家一起解决问题。
倡议书需要包含以下内容 : 1. 目前的现状。
2. 快递垃圾处理的建议。( 至少三点 )
3. 提出呼吁。
提示词 : express industry( 快递业 ); express packaging garbage ( 快递包装垃圾 );
carton( 纸箱 ) delivery company( 快递公司 )
参考范文：
With the rapid development of express industry, it has brought great convenience to us. At the same
time, a large number of express packing garbage has also been produced. It has already polluted the
environment. What should we do?
First, we should ask the online stores to use simple packing. Second ,we can set up recycling stations
to collect and reuse the cartons and plastic bags. Third, we will design some posters to remind people
about the bad effects of the packaging garbage. If we all keep the environment awareness in mind, we
can make much less garbage.
Hope all of you can join us in finding good ways to reduce the garbage .Now, let's take action together.
We hope the environment better and better.
23
5.
Shopping on line
随着社会的发展，在线购物已经成为一种新型的教育方
式。某英文报以“Shopping on line”为话题进行征文。 advantages
方便
请你谈谈在线购物的利与弊并发表你自己的看法。
(convenient)
要求：1. 语句流畅 , 书写规范。
24 小时营业
2. 包含提示内容 , 并可适当发挥。
不用排队
3. 词数不少于 80 个词 , 开头已给出 , 不计入总词数。
disdvantages
看不见物品 ,
容易受到欺骗 (be cheated)
不能享受和朋友
一起购物的乐趣
……
参考范文：
Shopping online is quite popular in our daily life now. There
are some advantages, especially for busy people. If you shop
online, you needn't wait in line. It opens 24 hours, which is very
convenient for you. However, it also has some disadvantages.
Because you can't see the real things you want to buy, you are
easily cheated. What's more, you can't enjoy shopping time in shopping malls with your friends.
In my opinion, everything has two sides. Whether shopping online depends on your time. If you have
time, it's better for you to go to streets to do some shopping because you can see and touch the real
things. If you are too busy, it's a good idea to shop online, but you can choose to pay after you get
what you want to buy.
6.
共享单车在苏州投入使用以来，给人们带来了诸多便利，受到人们的追捧，改变了人们的出行方式，但
同时也遇到了一些挑战，是国民素质的“照妖镜”，请你根据表格中信息的提示，给 21 世纪英文报写一
篇关于共享单车看法的稿件。
社会现状
诸多优势
自从出现，饱受赞誉。
1. 有益健康，减少污染
2. 费用不高，负担得起
3. 自拟一条
参考范文：
存在问题
1. 未及时归还
2. 自拟一条
你的观点
我认为政府要鼓励人们
正确使用共享单车。
Bike-sharing
Shared-bikes are becoming more and more popular in our daily life.
It has many advantages. First of all, using shared-bikes is not
only good for health, but also less pollution. Secondly, it is
not expensive and people can afford it. In a word, it brings a
lot of convenience to people, which is pursued by people and
changes the way people travel.
But shared-bikes also has some challenges. Some people
can't return it in time. Some do not cherish it, causing serious
damage to the shared-bike.
I think the government should encourage people to use shared-bikes properly.
24
Lecture 2 Writing — 议论文（社会热点）
7.
你班有些同学在周末或者放假的时候，会去参加各种各样的课外辅导班，这种现象已经很普遍了。最近
你校对你们进行了有关“参加课外辅导班情况”的问卷调查，调查结果显示：70% 的学生不想参加课外
辅导班。请你根据表格中的提示内容，用英语写一篇 100 词左右的短文，谈谈你的看法。
参加课外辅导班的问卷调查
观点
数量
1. 帮助复习课堂上已经学过的内容，取得
30% 学生
赞成
更大的进步
2. 学习像弹钢琴、画画、跳舞等诸如此类
的技能，开启一个新世界
70% 学生
反对
你认为
...
1. 没有时间进行体育运动，对身体不好
2......
参考范文：
It is common for us to take extracurricular classes in our spare time. Recently our school has done a
survey on taking extracurricular classes.
Only 30% of the students want to take extracurricular classes. They think it can help them go over
what they have learned in class and they can make more progress. They can learn some skills, such
as playing the piano, drawing and dancing and it opens up a new world.
However, 70% of the students don't want to take extracurricular classes. They think they have no
time to do sports and it's bad for their health. They can learn by themselves after class. It's a waste of
time and money.
I think it's important for us to take extracurricular classes because the early bird catches the worm.
8.
近期某英文报纸就 “Snowplow Parents（扫雪机式父母）” 这一话题展开讨论。“ 扫雪机式父母 ” 的特征
是不惜一切代价为孩子扫除他们生活中遇到的一切障碍，解决一切困难，以便他们可以轻松拥有成功的
人生。请从下表的两种观点中选择一种观点，并结合此观点阐述自己的看法，用英文写一篇短文投稿。
观
点
理解
不理解
父母出于对孩子的爱才这么做。
父母控制一切，孩子没有自由。
自己的看法
自己的看法
参考范文：
I really can't understand the snowplow parents. For these parents, they control everything. They
clean all the obstacles in children's lives. In this case, they think children have a successful life easily.
However, children have no freedom to do anything. It is the worst thing in their life.
In my opinion, parents shouldn't do all the things for children. Because they also need the experiences
in their lives. And these experiences play an important role in a successful life. In this way, they
know that they need to try their best to solve the problems by themselves when they are in trouble.
Meanwhile, they sometimes can gain friendship and more love in their lives.
25
▋ Writing
— An opinion essay
★ Preparation task
Information will soon be so easy to find
on the internet that people will not need
to remember anything. Do you agree?
Tick the four ideas that are most
relevant to this question.
_____1. You can find information
about everything on the internet.
_____2. Not everyone has access to the
internet all the time.
_____3. Internet banking is very popular now.
_____4. People use the internet to commit crimes.
_____5. It is quicker to remember something than to look it up online.
_____6. Not everything you read on the internet is true.
_____7. The internet is an important tool for marketing.
Information will soon be so easy to find on the internet that people will not need to
remember anything. Do you agree?
Nowadays all the information we could ever need is available online and some people say that
means the end of having to learn anything.
It is true that these days everything you want to know is a few clicks away as long as you have
internet access. However, not everyone has working internet all the time, for example in certain
buildings or remote locations, so we do need to be able to remember information.
Moreover, it takes time to look up everything you need to know online, whereas remembering
something is immediate. The human memory is a much more efficient system.
Another problem is the quality of the information online. How do we know if it is accurate or reliable?
We need to think about other facts we know and remember how to compare information from
different websites. Knowing (and remembering) how to find certain information will be more important
than knowing the information itself.
Finally, the internet is a good tool but it is not a useful replacement for our brains. If we did not
remember anything, we would all spend even more time on our phones and computers than we
already do, which is not good for society.
In conclusion, the internet offers us many things but it is still important to use our knowledge and
memories. We need our memories to function without the internet and we also need to know how to
use the internet properly.
26
Lecture 2 Writing — 议论文（社会热点）
▌Structure
1. 主题 — ______________________________________________________
2. 文体 — ______________________________________________________
3. 人称 — ______________________________________________________
4. 时态 — ______________________________________________________
5. 要点 — ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
▌Words,
Phrases & Sentence Patterns
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
27
★ Tips
1. Read the question carefully. Respond to all ideas in it or all parts of it.
2. Plan your ideas first and then choose the best ones.
3. Introduce your essay by restating the question in your own words.
4. Show understanding of both sides of the argument.
5. Use linking words to connect your ideas.
6. Draw your conclusion from the main ideas in your essay. Don't introduce new ideas at the end.
★ Task 1
Write a number (1–5) to put the essay paragraphs in order.
______ Main point – the advantages of using memory over searching online
______ Main point – the negative social effects of internet use
______ Introduction – an explanation of the essay question in other words
______ Conclusion – the internet cannot replace memory
______ Main point – the difficulty of finding good quality information online
★ Task 2
Write the linking words and phrases in the correct group.
To sum up
On the other hand
However
What's more
As well as
Whereas
Finally
In conclusion
Contrasting:
Moreover
_____________________________________________________________________
Adding ideas: _____________________________________________________________________
Finishing:
Task 3
_____________________________________________________________________
Complete the sentences.
other hand,
Moreover,
whereas,
more,
Finally,
Nowadays,
conclusion,
However,
As well as
1. __________, people are living longer and staying active until later in their lives.
2. Most people agree that living longer is a good thing. _____________, an ageing population presents
some challenges for society.
3. In the past, people lived on average 14 years past retirement age, ____________ now they can
expect to live 30.
4. People's retirement savings have to last longer. ____________, there may be little or no support
available from a state pension.
5. On the ____________, many companies can benefit from the experience and expertise of older workers.
What's ____________, many retired people say they enjoy working occasionally on one-off projects.
6. ____________contributing to the workplace, older members of society can spend valuable time with
their children and grandchildren.
7. ____________, caring for the elderly is also an issue. Financial and practical support should be
available to help people look after their loved ones.
8. In ____________, living longer can bring many opportunities but also some challenges. People need
to plan for the future and the government should provide financial and practical support for people's
retirement and medical care.
28
Part 3 LISTENING
I. Robert is going to a conference next month. He phones different places to find accommodation.
(
) 1. In the first phone call, Robert calls…
A. a guest house
(
C. his parents
B. 19th - 21st May
C. 19th - 23rd May
) 2. The conference is…
A. 19th - 20th May
(
B. a friend
) 3. Robert cannot stay with Sue because…
A. she is visiting her parents. B. her parents are visiting her.
(
) 4. In the second phone call, Robert calls…
A. a hotel
(
B. a bed and breakfast
C. a youth hostel
B. a twin room
C. a double room
) 5. Robert wants…
A. a single room
(
C. she doesn't have a sofa.
) 6. Robert doesn't book a room at the hotel because…
A. it is too expensive.
B. he doesn't want to change rooms.
C. the hotel is fully booked on all those dates.
(
) 7. At the guest house, the woman offers Robert…
A. a single room
(
B. has a private bathroom.
C. doesn't have a television.
) 9. The guest house…
A. has a lift.
(
C. a triple room
) 8. The room…
A. is on the top floor. (
B. a double room
B. has a bathroom on every floor. C. serves breakfast at no extra cost.
) 10. To book the room Robert needs to…
A. pay the full price now.
B. pay a deposit.
C. give his credit card details.
II. Listen to a student, Marcel, discussing accommodation with the accommodation officer at a
university. Choose the correct answer.
(
) 1. Students should arrange their accommodation for September in…
A. January
(
C. May
B. March
C. May
) 2. Now it is…
A. January
(
B. March
) 3. Marcel cannot stay in university hall in September because…
A. it is too expensive for him. B. he will be a 2nd year student. C. there aren't any places left.
(
) 4. Marcel dislikes the room on Old Road because…
A. there are already too many students in it.
B. it only has one bathroom.
C. it is far from the university.
(
) 5. The accommodation on Edward Street…
A. is small, but cheap.
(
B. has its own private bathroom. C. has a kitchen and a living room.
) 6. What will Marcel probably do next?
A. look for accommodation online
B. take the room on Old Road
C. talk to his friends about sharing a house
29
Part 4 HOMEWORK
按要求完成下列作文（50 分）
目前，大多数学生除了在校上课外，还要利用业余时间上辅导班。假如你班以“学生是否应上课外辅导班”
为题展开辩论，你是反方的代表，请根据下表中所给的提示，为辩论赛准备一份发言稿。
正方
Better grades, good high schools ...
反方
Time, money, health ...
要求：
1. 表明观点，意思清楚，行文连贯；
2. 词数 80 左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
It’s nothing new that many students take after-school classes now, but _______________________
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30
LECTURE
3
CONTENTS
Part One
Part Two
Part Three
Part Four
Part Five
CLOZE SKILLS
CLOZE
KEY WORDS
GRAMMAR
HOMEWORK
31
Part 1 CLOZE SKILLS
完型填空生活常识和文化背景
完形填空题是考查语言能力的综合性测试题型。它集词语的意义辨析、词语的习惯用法及搭配、
概述
句法、语法和语篇理解等于一体 , 既考查语言基础知识 , 又考查分析、判断能力和综合运用语
言的实践能力。
文体
记叙文 , 说明文 , 议论文
“ 文化背景常识法 ” 是指完形填空的文章内容往往与我们的文化生活、史地知识、生活科技等相
技巧
关 , 有些内容是我们已经掌握的生活常识 , 答题时要充分调动相关知识帮助我们分析、推断。
事实上 , 该技巧与 “ 推理判断 ” 常常交织在一起的 , 因为虽有背景常识 , 仍需简单推理。需注意
中外文化的差异性 , 不能总是用中国人看问题的角度来看待其它国家发生的事情。
1）通读全文 , 领会大意
解题步骤
2）瞻前顾后 , 初步确定答案
3）复查核对 , 决定取舍
32
Lecture 3 Social Life
▌Exercise
1. Harry and Kate read a story in a new book. The father reads his newspaper, and the mother mends
Harry's stockings. Sometimes, they tell one another what they are reading about, and have a chat over
the events of the day.
Harry and Kate's bedtime comes first. The little boy and girl
their dear father and mother a sweet
good night.
(
) A. teach
B. have
C. give
D. kiss
2. “I can't believe what I'm hearing!” I thought to myself. Jeff was the last candidate for president of Student
Council. My best friend Tony came to me and said. “I'm sorry, Mike. I really thought you should be chosen.”
Later that day, I happened to pass Jeff in the dining room. I offered him a
“Congratulations” and
walked to my usual table. To my surprise, Jeff put his plate beside mine.
(
) A. polite
C. warm
B. loud D. cheerful
3. What? A cat? The _____ froze on his face; his mouth fell wide open.
(
) A. blood B. smile C. tear D. sweat
4. Nowadays many people do ridiculous things to realize their dream
of “perfection”. The ____ is that no one is perfect.
(
) A. possibility
B. purpose
C. truth D. choice
5. People aren't used to making an ____ chat with a stranger. But a change, no matter how desperately
it is needed, doesn't just happen.
(
) A. unchangeable
B. unprepared
C. unforgettable
D. unfinished
6. He smiled and said, “Yes. These are also for the dogs and I love to be Mr. Santa in the month of
June. Santa is a representation of surprises and
(1) . Santa comes in December as we
(2)
him
around Christmas. But in real life there is a Santa in each one of us that shines through our personality
at some point of time, no matter which month it is. Maybe when you offered help to me by getting me a
trolley, there was a
(3)
Santa in you; when we offer food to a poor man or a(n)
(4)
to someone
who is caught in the rain, we are being Santa there. So when you offer help to others or get help from
others, just think that Santa has come all the way for you.”
He left and I was happy that I had met him. It was right to understand that Santa can come before
Christmas. We just need to realize that he is around us by spreading happiness and unconditional love.
(
) (1) A. love B. success
C. friendship
D. honor
(
) (2) A. call
B. show C. expect
D. invite
(
) (3) A. lost B. frozen
C. forgotten
(
) (4) A. camera
C. apple D. box
B. umbrella
D. hidden
33
Part 2 CLOZE
Living before death
“Kick the bucket" is an English expression for dying. So it
makes__1__that your “Bucket-list" is a list of things you want
to do before you die.
In the 2007 American comedy-drama film “The Bucket
List”, two men, Carter Chambers and Edward Cole both
have been__2__from lung cancer and become__3__in
the hospital. Carter begins writing his own bucket list. And
Edward__4__finds it and insists they do everything on the list
together, __5__to finance ( 向 …… 提供资金 ) the trip. They
travel around the world. They go skydiving, fly over the North
Pole, visit the Taj Mahal and the Great Wall of China.
As they come back home, Carter has a__6__time with his
family and__7__the importance of having a close relationship
with them. However, the cancer has__8__Carter's brain and
he dies suddenly. Edward tries to reconcile with ( 与 …… 和解 )
his __9__as Carter wishes him to. He then finishes the last
three things on the list before he himself leaves the world.
The first half of the movie shows a (n)__10__attitude toward life—how important it is to do the things
you have__11__tried before and to see miracles around the world in __12__. However, the __13__ of
the film conveys another belief — the importance of finding joy in your life and bringing joy to others.
Edward finally made__14__for his broken relationship with his daughter. This part was truly moving to
me. Most people will never have a chance to travel around the world in their lifetime. However,__15__
you find joyfulness in your life and spread it to others, you will feel fulfilled ( 满足的 ) as well.
(
) 1. A. sure
B. sense
C. progress
D. fun
(
) 2. A. recovered
B. supplied
C. prevented
D. suffered
(
) 3. A. employees
B. leaders
C. roommates
D. doctors
(
) 4. A. successfully
B. obviously
C. accidentally
D. extremely
(
) 5. A. preferring
B. pretending
C. regarding
D. offering
(
) 6. A. warm
B. hard
C. free
D. bad
(
) 7. A. shows
B. realizes
C. guesses
D. hears
(
) 8. A. applied to
B. pointed to
C. taken to
D. spread to
(
) 9. A. father
B. sister
C. daughter
D. brother
(
) 10. A. native
B. unclear
C. adventurous
D. positive
(
) 11. A. already
B. still
C. ever
D. never
(
) 12. A. person
B. doubt
C. ruins
D. shock
(
) 13. A. rest
B. most
C. second
D. best
(
) 14. A. room
B. up
C. it
D. out
(
) 15. A. as long as
B. even if
C. since
D. until
34
▊ Practice
What It Takes to Put Your Phone Away
According to the iPhone’s Screen Time, my typical daily
phone activity includes 90 minutes of texting, one hour of
e-mail, and yet another hour of social media. And there
are also about seventy “pickups”, meaning that I __1__ my
phone about four times per hour. I carry my phone around
with me as if it were a(n) __2__.
I have tried all sorts of things to look at screens __3__: I don’t get
push notifications ( 推送通知 ). I use an app called Freedom to block
social media for much of the workday. But they don’t seem to work.
The Georgetown computer-science professor Cal Newport argues that we must establish a “philosophy
of technology use.” He recommends a month-long digital detox ( 脱
瘾 ), in which a person takes
a(n) __4__ from all optional technologies. When it’s over, the digital minimalist ( 极 简 主 义 者 ) slowly
reintroduces these technologies.
Newport defines a digital minimalist as someone who drops “low-quality activities like mindless phone
swiping and halfhearted binge-watching ( 刷剧 ).” They are __5__ high-value leisure activities such as
board games, book clubs, and learning to “fix or build something every week.”
At the beginning of March, I decided to try to follow Newport’s advice. I adjusted the home-computer
settings to cut my social media __6__ to 15 minutes. And I changed my Freedom settings to __7__
Twitter and Instagram altogether. I left my phone in the apartment whenever I walked my dog.
During the first few days of my internet decluttering ( 清理 ), I found myself compulsively ( 强迫性地 ) checking
my unchanged in-box and already-read text messages—attempting, as if bewitched ( 着迷的 ), to see __8__
information there. Soon I got used to the dull, pleasant blankness. One afternoon, I lay on my couch and felt
an influx of mental __9__ that was both disturbing and pleasurable. I didn’t want to learn how to fix or build
anything, or start a book club. I wanted to experience myself as soft and loose and purposeless.
On the first day of April, I took stock of my digital experiment. I had not become a different, better
person. But I had become more __10__ of why I use technology, and how it meets my needs. I
loosened my home-computer settings on social media, back to 45 daily minutes. I considered my
Freedom parameters, which I had already learned to break, and let them be.
(
) 1. A. charge
B. check
C. drop
D. lift
(
) 2. A. litter bin
B. oxygen tank
C. travelling bag
D. treasure box
(
) 3. A. less carefully
B. more often
C. less often
D. more carefully
(
) 4. A. break
B. example
C. look
D. step
(
) 5. A. in charge of
B. in favor of
C. in honor of
D. in search of
(
) 6. A. allowance
B. duration
C. limitation
D. waste
(
) 7. A. block
B. browse
C. cancel
D. remove
(
) 8. A. free
B. similar
C. new
D. various
(
) 9. A. disorder
B. power
C. resource
D. silence
(
)10. A. suspicious
B. considerate
C. guilty
D. aware
35
▊ Supplementary Clozes
It’s never about the accent
Although a lot of people believe that the secret to __1__ a new language is all about speaking to natives
and trying to __2__ the “perfect” English accent, in reality, this couldn’t be further from the truth.
An __3__ thing to remember is that the “perfect accent” should not be your main focus. Rather,
obtaining an excellent pronunciation is far more important. Given that English has so many different
accents and peoples spread out all over the world when you think about it, it just doesn’t make __4__ to
try to acquire __5__ an American or British accent. Because one could also make the __6__ about the
Australian, Canadian, New Zealand, Nigerian and many other accents. Why people fuss over an accent
is bewildering, and quite frankly, not worth your time.
Also, very __7__ non-natives speakers actually speak English with a “perfect” British or American
accent, but a plethora of non-native English speakers speak English fluently as their second, third or
even fourth language! The __8__ is to immerse yourself in the Anglo culture whether that be reading
books or watching series on Netflix to achieve that much-needed perfect pronunciation.
(
) 1. A. acquiring
B. receiving
C. getting
D. fetching
(
) 2. A. bring in
B. receive
C. manade
D. obtain
(
) 3. A. maior
B. important
C. substantia
D. meaning
(
) 4. A. feeling
B. sensation
C. impression
D. sense
(
) 5. A either
B. only
C. further
D. any
(
) 6. A. case
B. subject
C. theme
D. topic
(
) 7. A small
B. tin
C. few
D. many
(
) 8. A guide
B. ticket
C. key
D. reason
36
Lecture 3 Social Life
Off the beaten track
The expression ‘getting off the beaten track’ is used to refer to the experience of avoiding famous tourist
attractions and choosing instead to explore less well-known places when travelling.
For many people the whole __1__ of travel is to visit cities such as Paris or Venice that have a great
__2__ as places of beauty and historic importance. Furthermore, they are not particularly __3__ by the
crowds that are usually found in such locations. But for others who have more of a __4__ of adventure,
a good holiday must __5__ unfamiliar experiences, even taking some risks.
Travelling off the beaten track may be done by some students who don’t __6__ to a rigid plan, but
make decisions about what to do depending on how they feel. Other travellers prefer to spend money
on guided tours to unusual locations. Such tours are designed to __7__ their particular needs, and all
the arrangements are made for them. However people choose to get off the beaten track, the hope is
always the same: to have a special, often unique __8__ of a different culture.
(
) 1. A. worth
B. point
C. aim
D. profit
(
) 2. A. favour
B. approval
C. reputation
D. opinion
(
) 3. A. bothered
B. interrupted
C. offended
D. disturbed
(
) 4. A. feeling
B. impression
C. mood
D. sense
(
) 5. A. possess
B. consist
C. involve
D. concern
(
) 6. A. fix B. stick
C. fasten
D. attach
(
) 7. A. please
B. fit C. agree
D. meet
(
) 8. A. experience
B. understanding
D. knowledge
C. awareness
37
Part 3 KEY WORDS
1. society
1) In society, there are different kinds of problems we may meet.
2)It is a critical point for our education to create happy
citizens who have social skills.
2. satisfy/satisfied
1) Of course, it can't satisfy everybody, for each one has a
different need and taste.
2) Don't expect to make everybody be satisfied with your
performance.
3. depress/depression
1)Sometimes, the result not only depressed us, but also
influenced our future.
2)As a result, some people may even suffer anxiety and
depression.
4. anxious
1)To relax ourselves, we should try to block out those things
that cause stress and make us anxious.
2) It's natural for parents to be anxious about their children's future.
5. encounter
1) A fortunate encounter brought the two friends together.
2) Every day, we encounter stresses of one kind or another.
6. multitask
1. society
______________ a. 社交的
______________ 社会技能
______________ 社交媒体
2. satisfy
______________ a. 感到满意的
______________ 对 …… 感到满意
______________ n. 满意
3. depress
______________ n. 沮丧 , 忧愁
______________ a. 沮丧的
______________ a. 令人压抑的
4. anxious
______________ 为 …… 担心
______________ ad. 忧虑地
______________ n. 焦虑
5. encounter
_______________________________
_______________________________
6. multitask
1) To save time, multitask has to be done with care and attention.
2)When some people multitask, their body experiences
higher amounts of stress.
7. establish
1) Let's establish some achievable goals first, then we can
go further.
2) The school has established a close relationship with the
local community.
8. concentrate
1) It is up to us to concentrate on our studies and make
great progress.
2)Concentration is essential if you want to do a good job.
3) Yoga improves the power of concentration.
9. eliminate
1) Eliminate unnecessary tasks.
2) She went through the homework carefully to eliminate
errors from it.
10. adapt
1) The good thing about children is that they adapt very
easily to new environments.
2) This movie is adapted from JK Rowling's novel.
38
7. establish
同义词：
8. concentrate
______________ 专注于
______________
______________ n. 注意
9. eliminate
______________ 删除某物
______________ 消除贫困
10. adapt
______________ 适应
______________ 为某人做出调整
______________ a. 有适应能力的
Lecture 3 Social Life
▌Exercise
Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words we have just learned.
1. They always want more and more; you can never ___________ them.
2. She got a bad grade in the entrance examination for the university, which she had prepared for more
than 6 years. The result really ___________ her.
3. We experienced a few ___________ moments as we waited to hear the results of the test.
4. There is a strong need to ___________ effective communication links between staff, parents and pupils.
5. ___________ media such as emails and Facebook plays an important role in our lives. We check
them almost every day.
6. So whether a camel has one hump or two, it is one amazing animal that is very well ___________ to
its environment.
7. But a recent study has shown that students who play sports get better scores in school than those
who don't. Exercise gets students to learn, remember things and ___________ better.
39
Part 4 Grammar
I. 定语
1. 定语的概念：在句中修饰名词的成分
2. 定语的构成：形容词 , 介词短语 , 句子
3. 定语的位置：放在被修饰词的前面或后面 ( 短前长后 )
II. 定语从句
1. 定语从句的概念：用句子充当定语 , 修饰前面的名词或者代词。
2. 定语从句的构成：主句 + 先行词 + 关系词 + 从句剩余部分
3. 关系代词的用法：
① who 指代人 ( 主语 , 宾语 )
② whom 指代人 ( 宾语 )
③ which 指代物 ( 主 / 宾 )
④ that 指代人 / 物
⑤ whose 指代人的 / 物的
4. 关系代词 who/which/that 何时可以省略
who / which / that 在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略 , 充当主语的时候不可以省略。
5. 以下几种情况只能使用 that 充当引导词 :
① 先行词前有最高级修饰时
② 先行词前有序数词修饰时
③ 先行词为人和物时
④ 先行词为不定代词时 (everything, all…)
⑤ 先行词前有限定词修饰时 , 如 the only, the very
40
Lecture 3 Social Life
▌Exercise
(
) 1. — Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV?
— Sure. It's a great TV programme ______ brings the habit of reading back into the public.
A. who
(
B. that
C. what
D. whom
) 2. — Only You is a TV program ______ is popular with most young people.
— Yes, it is definitely true.
A. which
(
C. what
D. who
) 3. I am impressed by the fact that he makes good use of every minute ______ he can spare.
A. who
(
B. whose
B. which
C. what
D. when
) 4. Beijing plans to build its first bicycle lane ______ connects a residential area with a
business center.
A. that
(
B. who
C. what
D. where
) 5. Kids, I hope you'll remember the good old days ______ we spent together in junior high
though it's time to say goodbye.
A. what
(
B. which
C. whom
D. when
) 6. Jasper White is one of those rare people ______ believes in ancient myth, for he thinks
the Medusa can turn the cars and their owners to stones.
A. who
(
C. whose
D. whom
) 7. Can you name the artist ______ famous painting is called 'The Girl with the Pearl Earring'?
A. who
(
B. which
B. whose
C. whom
D. which
) 8. I have pleasure in introducing to you the man without ______ generosity your club
would cease to exist.
A. whose
(
B. that
C. which
D. this
) 9. — Qingdao is the most beautiful city ______ I've ever been to.
— So it is. Many international meetings are held there every year.
A. that
(
B. which
C. as
D. where
) 10. The professors talked with us about the beautiful schools and the experienced
teachers ______ they had seen.
A. that
(
D. were used to, what
B. who don't
C. who doesn't
D. which does
B. that
C. what
D. when
) 14. A few weeks later, the first buildings ______ had been damaged were repaired.
A. which
(
B. were used to, all what C. used to, all that
) 13. Of all the festivals ______ we Chinese people celebrate, my favorite is the Mid-Autumn Festival.
A. which
(
D. what
) 12. Shaw is the only one of the employees here ______ want to accept my advice.
A. that don't
(
C. which
) 11. We ______ walk in the moonlight, taking about ______ we were interested in.
A. used to, all what
(
B. who
B. that
C. where
D. in which
) 15. I was surprised that he didn't like the way ______ I solved the problem.
A. in which
B. which
C. on which
D. as
41
▌Challenge
) 1. Many graduates hold the view _____ they had better apply for a post _____ they can
(
combine knowledge with skills.
A. which; which
B. that; which
C. which; where
D. that; where
) 2. A series of polices has been adopted so far _____ benefits the poverty-stricken people
(
will enjoy.
A. which
B. that
C. whose
D. as
) 3. I will try to make it known to every teacher and more students _____ the activities
(
organized by the club.
A. who get involved in B. to involve
C. involve in
D. who involve in
) 4. “_____ break the law should be punished” he shouted.
(
A. Someone
B. Anyone
C. Whoever
D. Those who
) 5. It was in the lab _____ was built three years ago _____ the students made the
(
experiment.
A. where; that
B. which; that
C. what; that
D. that; where
) 6. This was returned because the person _____ this letter was addressed had died three
(
years ago.
A. to whom
B. to which
C. which
D. whom
) 7. Do not talk about such things _____ you do not understand.
(
A. that
42
B. which
C. as
D. where
Lecture 3 Social Life
Part 5 HOMEWORK
I. Grammar
(
) 1. The author ______ you criticized in your view has written a letter in reply.
A. what
(
C. whom
D. that
B. who
C. whose
D. which
B. which
C. whose
D. who
B. that
C. where
D. what
B. that
C. which
D. whom
B. whom
C. which
D. to who
B. that
C. who
D. whose
) 11. He wrote a letter ______ he explained what had happened in the accident.
A. on which
(
B. what
) 10. The first thing ______ I have to do now is to cook the dinner.
A. which
(
D. in which
) 9. When I have trouble, he is the only one ______ I can go for help.
A. to whom
(
C. when
) 8. The bike and its rider ______ had knocked down the boy were taken to the police.
A. who
(
B. that
) 7. Japer White has put a stone head over his gate. It is the ugliest one ______ I have ever seen.
A. who
(
D. whose
) 6. The prize will go to the writer______ story shows the greatest imagination.
A. that
(
C. whom
) 5. We live in a house ______ windows open to the south, so we enjoy sunshine every day.
A. whom
(
B. which
) 4. Mr. Brown has written a novel ______ name I've completely forgotten.
A. whose
(
D. whom
) 3. Each time I see these photos, I can't help thinking of the happy days ______we spent together.
A. on which
(
C. whose
) 2. To calm his angry girlfriend, Joey offered an apology ______ Sally did not accept.
A. who
(
B. he
B. that
C. in which
D. how
) 12. ______ is worldwide shown, great activities were held on the evening of Oct 1st to
celebrate our motherland's 70th anniversary.
A. As
B. It
C. What
D. Which
II. Vocabulary
Write down the words according to the explanations.
13. _____________ unhappy and without hope
14. _____________ to please someone by giving them what they want or need
15. _____________ to do more than one thing at a time
16. _____________ to start a company or organization that will continue for a long time
Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words given.
17. Fred is afraid of flying. He feels ____________ before he gets on the plane.
18. ____________ media like WeChat and Sina Weibo, as well as video apps like
Douyin and Kuaishou, is a big part of most people's lives.
19. When they get there, they try to _____________ to the new life in the rainforest.
anxious
social
multitask
depressed
satisfy
concentrate
adapt
establish
20. Playing an instrument is not only fun. It also helps children learn to _____________ on their study better.
43
III. Cloze
Most people hate change, which is sad since we often go through changes in life. And for some of
us, even the Smallest changes can upset our day. So, the question is: Why do most of us find making
adjustments to our lives so hard?
Why we dislike change
Fear of change is ___21___
new. Over a century ago, people
in Paris were unhappy over an
unusual addition to their city:
the Eiffel Tower. In fact, the
citizens were so angry about
the plans for the tower that they
were against its construction.
As strange as it may seem, their
anger was completely ___22___. They were given no choice about the huge change that was going
to be made, so they became angry. But we get upset over changes even when we do have to a say in
the matter. Changes are brought about every day by the decisions we make: which school to attend,
which job to take. Voluntary changes also make most of us uneasy because we don’t know how those
changes will ___23___ our future.
How we can overcome our fear of change
People have discovered that the key to overcoming the fear of change is to be flexible. When people
are flexible, they can ___24___ new situations more easily. Being flexible is especially important in the
21st century as technology makes change occur faster than ever before. Those
who were against
change, especially with technology in the workplace, may end up finding themselves out of a job.
When change comes, and you have no choice but to ___25___ it. A positive attitude helps a lot. In
fact, the change may turn out to be the best thing for you. That new job you got may end up being
much better than your old one. You may make the best friends of your life in the new city you moved to.
___26___, don’t just focus on how you feel about change. You should learn to accept the change. The
change is the reality and it’s up to you to decide whether the change will be a success or a failure. You
never know—your next change may be your life’s Eiffel Tower!
(
) 21. A. something
B. anything
(
) 22. A. important
B. natural C. unusual
(
) 23. A. assist
B. reward C. affect D. arrange
(
) 24. A. be aware of
B. get used to
(
) 25. A. forget
B. make C. face
D. refuse
(
) 26. A. However
B. What’s more
D. Therefore
44
C. everything
C. be interested in
C. Besides
D. nothing
D. ordinary
D. get rid of