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EBS 2023학년도 수능완성 영어영역 영어 본문(학생용)

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수능완성
영어영역
영어
책1.indb 1
2022-05-10 오후 7:14:28
이 책의 구성과 특징
STRUCTURE
유형편
약한 유형은 강화하고, 강한 유형은 놓치지 말자
최근 대학수학능력시험 및 모의평가 영어영역에 출제된 독해 문제 유형 전부를 수록하여 2023학년도 수능을
준비하는 수험생들이 각 유형을 점검하고 연습할 수 있도록 구성하였습니다.
Chapter
01
목적 · 심경
유형 소개
■ 글의
목적을 묻는 문제는 필자가 글을 쓴 의도를 파악하는 능력을 측정하는 유형으로 편지글이나 이메일이 주로 지문으로 사용된다.
■ 등장인물의
심경이나 심경의 변화를 묻는 문제는 등장인물이 어떤 사건을 겪으면서 느끼는 감정이나 감정의 변화가 드러나는 글이 주로
지문으로 사용된다.
Let’s Check It Out
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 2쪽
다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?
2023학년도 대학수학능력시험 읽기 유형으로 출제
될 가능성이 있는 각 유형의 대표 문항을 풀고 자신
이 어떤 유형에 강하고 약한지 점검할 수 있다.
22053-0001
Dear Parents and Guardians,
I am writing to let you know about an incident that occurred at our school this
morning. At about 7:50 a.m., one of our fourth-grade students saw a raccoon in her
classroom. The student did not touch it, but instead alerted the teacher. The teacher
immediately told the students to leave the classroom and alerted our administration.
One of our staff went to the room and caught the raccoon. It was sent to a wildlife
preservation center. No student appeared to show any signs of trauma from the event
and everyone returned to their classroom after the raccoon was removed. Instruction
continued normally for the rest of the day. If you have any questions or concerns, please
call the school.
Sincerely,
Jessica Brooks, Principal
✽trauma:
정신적 충격
① 학교 내 안전사고에 대한 보험 청구 방법을 안내하려고
② 자녀가 학교에 반려동물을 가져오지 않도록 당부하려고
③ 학교에 야생 동물이 출현한 사건에 관한 경과를 보고하려고
④ 안전 점검으로 인해 학교가 일시 폐쇄될 예정임을 공지하려고
⑤ 동물 장난감으로 친구를 놀린 학생에 대한 처벌 내용을 통지하려고
Vocabulary in Context
8
 incident 사건
 raccoon 미국너구리
 alert 알리다, (~에게) 주의를 환기하다
 immediately 즉시
 administration 행정팀, 행정 직원(들)
 wildlife 야생 동물
 preservation 보호, 보존
 instruction 수업, 교육
EBS 수능완성 영어
www.ebsi.co.kr
Let’s Solve It with Strategies
Let’s Check It Out에 소개된 대표 문제의 정답
을 찾는 3단계 전략을 통해, 자신의 기존 문제풀이
전략을 점검 및 보완하여 각 유형에 대한 문제 해결
력을 강화할 수 있다.
Vocabulary Review
Let’s Solve It with Strategies
Step 1
글의 도입부에서 글의 유형과 중심 소재를 파악한다.
Step 2
글의 전개 과정에 나타난 필자의 의도를 파악한다.
Step 3
학교에서 발생한 미국너구리 출현 사건에 관해 학부모와 보호자에게 알리고, 질문이나 우려하는 점이 있으면 연락
바란다는 말로 글을 마무리하고 있으므로, 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은 ③ ‘학교에 야생 동물이 출현한 사건에
관한 경과를 보고하려고’이다.
학교장이 학부모와 보호자에게 보내는 글이며 아침에 일어난 사건을 설명하고 있다.
4학년 학생 중 한 명이 교실에서 미국너구리를 보았으며 이를 선생님에게 알리자 선생님은 학생들을 교실에서 나
가게 한 다음 행정팀에 연락했고, 미국너구리는 잡혀서 야생 동물 보호 센터로 보내졌으며, 학생들은 다시 교실로
가서 정상 수업이 이루어졌다는 사건의 흐름을 시간의 순서대로 알리고 있다.
Vocabulary Review
괄호 안의 영영 풀이를 참고하여 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 Vocabulary in Context에서 찾아 쓰시오.
Answer & Translation
대표 문제의 지문에 등장한 중요 어휘를 영영 사전
뜻풀이를 이용해 문맥 속 의미를 재점검함으로써
수능 핵심 어휘를 복습할 수 있다.
1. I can’t remember the exact time the
occurred.
(an event, especially one that is unusual or important)
1. incident | 나는 그 사건이 발생한 정
확한 시간을 기억할 수 없다.
2. alert | 그 물체가 수상하다고 느끼면,
경찰에 알려야 한다.
2. If you feel suspicious about the object, you should
police.
(to make someone aware of something)
the
3. preservation | 사람들은 그 역사적
인 건물들의 보존을 찬성했다.
of the historical buildings.
3. People approved of the
(the act of keeping something safe from harm or loss)
Chapter 01 목적·심경
책1.indb 2
9
2022-05-10 오후 7:14:28
본 교재는 대학수학능력시험을 준비하는 데 도움을 주고자 제작되었으며, 교육 과정에 부합하는 내용으로 구성되었습니다. 특히 학생들
의 듣기 및 읽기 능력 신장을 목적으로 다양한 주제·소재·분야의 글과 정보를 제시하고 있으며, 교육 과정상의 어휘 범주를 고려하여
개발되었습니다. 교과서로 기본 개념을 익힌 후 본 교재를 활용하여 실제 응용력을 키우게 함으로써, 교육 과정 성취 목표 도달과 함께
대학수학능력시험 대비에 도움이 되도록 하였습니다.
Exercises
E
www.ebsi.co.kr
x e r c i s e s
03
다음 글의
01
22053-0002
다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?
앞 페이지에서 익힌 문제풀이 전략을 바탕으로 각
유형의 연습문제들을 풀어 봄으로써 유형별 집중
훈련을 할 수 있다.
02
목적으로
가장
22053-0003
적절한 것은
?
22053-00
04
다음 글에 드러난 ‘I’의 심경으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Dear Mr. Sanderson,
Thank you for your application for a position
to make it to the Catskills as I hoped. I took out the
working on the manufacturing line at Bulls
Supplies. We have reviewed your résumé and have
map and decided to find a spot to camp. I found a
free camping ground on top of a mountain called
determined that you have the proper credentials
Mount Washington. I started to head toward the
for the job. However, it is one of a relatively few
positions at the company that require certain
mountain. The drive to the mountain was getting
tough. All the streets had no names. I was off
levels of strength and coordination. Please visit
the map in some tiny town just trying to find a
our company’s website to check the schedule and
location of a required physical ability test that will
nice piece of land to sleep on. There was a tall
mountain in the distance; I figured that was Mount
measure your ability to lift a reasonable amount of
Washington, but every time I tried to get close
weight and operate certain physically demanding
tools and machinery. The test will be administered
to it, the road seemed to take me in the opposite
direction of the mountain. Round and round I went
by a third-party assessment company; you should
trying to find a way to get to it, but somehow I was
plan on devoting about one hour for the test. Thank
you again for your interest in employment with our
never able to make it across. I finally went back the
way I came and ended up getting lost. A sigh came
company.
ued M&
mountain. My head was hanging with failure.
Martha Flynn
✽credentials:
자격, 자격증
① jealous and angry
② proud and hopeful
① 신입 직원 환영회에 초대하려고
③ indifferent and bored
② 회사 내 변경된 담당 업무를 설명하려고
④ delightful and grateful
③ 입사 시험 최종 합격 결과를 통지하려고
⑤ discouraged and disappointed
④ 누락된 입사 구비 서류 제출을 요청하려고
⑤ 직원 채용에 필요한 신체 능력 검사를 안내하려고
드러난 Jon
ah의
심경
2쪽
2205
3-0005
변화로 가장
Jonah fel
적절한 것은
t like he
Over the
lers,
?
was bei
rose on
past few
ng watch
the bac
felt the
months,
k of his
ed. The
value of
we hav
sharply.
neck and
hair
e all
the Canad
There see
sig nifica
he looked
med to
ian dol
ntl y aga
the top
rou
be
lar
nd
of
a
ins
fal
sudden
the hill
hav e abs
l
t the US
movem
but when
orb ed
the tree
do lla r.
ent at
the se cur
he stared
s were mo
We
up to thi
at the wo
ren cy
tionless.
s point.
shook his
cha ng es
ods,
Jonah too
However
head and
tre nd in
k a deep
, this dow
exc han
told him
idiot. Wh
breath,
nward
ge rat es
sel
at
re- eva
f not to
could pos
has for
lua te ou
be such
down to
sibly hur
ced us
r sit ua
an
roll up
t him her
to
eff ect ive
tio n. Th
his soa
e? He ben
Ma rch
the corner
ere for
ked jea
9th , 201
t
e,
to apply
ns and
of his eye
5, we wil
saw, out
a net inc
, anothe
up in the
l nee d
of
r flicker
rease of
trees to
publish
of movem
5% to
ed prices
his right.
and gaz
all 201
ent
. M&H
Jonah stra
ed at the
take suc
5
regrets
ridge abo
ightened
h action
two, not
having
ve him.
up
, but the
hing stir
to
the Canad
For a mo
red. An
current
ian dollar
slipping
ment or
d then,
state of
through
versus oth
yes. Som
makes
the bee
it impos
ething wa
er curren
then he
ches. Jon
sible for
s
cies
saw a few
absorb
ah stiffen
us to con
these los
deer in
with rel
ed, and
tinue to
ses. Re
the woods
ief. He
continu
st assure
remember
. He sm
e to mo
there we
d, we wil
nitor the
iled
ed his unc
re deer
according
l
situ
le telling
in the val
ation, and
ly. Should
come dow
him
ley. Per
react
you hav
n to fee
about the
hap
s they wo
d.
e any que
se price
uld
stions
✽flick
adjustme
not hes
er: 순간적인
nts, ple
itate to
어른거림
ase do
contact
, 깜박거림
for yo ur
✽✽ridg
us. We
e: 산등성이
un der sta
thank you
✽✽✽
① furiou
nd ing
beech: 너도
continu
and val
s → sym
밤나무
ed suppor
ue yo ur
pathetic
t.
② ash
amed →
Sincerely
proud
,
③ ind
ifferent
Peter Be
→ confus
nnet
④ sca
ed
red → reli
Sales Ma
eved
nager
⑤ bor
ed → thr
illed
out from me. I couldn’t find the entrance to the
Sincerely,
정답과 해설
04
다음 글에
To our val
As the sun began to set, I realized I wasn’t going
H Ltd. dea
① 신제품에
② 환율
③ 환율
대한 소비
자 반응
조사를
변동으로
요청하려
인한 수출
고
량 변화
변동에
를 문의
따른 제품
하려고
가격 인상
지연으로
을 통보
하려고
인한 상품
⑤ 매출
입고일
하락으로
변경을
사과하려
인한 가맹
고
점 손실
보전 방안
을 안내
하려고
④ 배송
10
EBS 수능완성 영어
Chapter
01 목적·
심경
11
실전편
한 회 한 회 풀면서 수능 영어를 완성하자
실전 모의고사 5회분을 수록하여 수험생들이 실전 감각을 익히고 자신의 강점과 약점을
파악할 수 있는 기회를 제공하였습니다.
1회
실전 모의고사
정답과 해설 53쪽
제한시간
70 분
┃ 배점
100 점
06
22053-0101
대화를 듣고, 여자가 지불할 금액을 고르시오. [3점]
문항에 따라 배점이 다릅니다. 3점 문항에는 점수가 표시되어
있습니다. 점수 표시가 없는 문항은 모두 2점입니다.
04
22053-0099
대화를 듣고, 그림에서 대화의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르
시오.
1번부터 17번까지는 듣고 답하는 문제입니다. 1번부터 15번까지
는 한 번만 들려주고, 16번부터 17번까지는 두 번 들려줍니다. 방
송을 잘 듣고 답을 하시기 바랍니다.
01
②
22053-0104
Goodfriends Communications Center의 비디오 제작 강좌에
관한 다음 내용을 듣고, 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.
① $9
② $10
① 7월 1일부터 3주 동안 진행된다.
③ $11
② 유명 온라인 비디오 크리에이터의 특별 강연이 있다.
④ $12
③ 저소득 가정을 위한 수강료 할인이 있다.
⑤ $13
④ 최대 30명으로 인원이 제한된다.
⑤ 전화 통화와 문자 메시지로 등록을 확인해 준다.
①
22053-0096
09
N
SUNNY HILL TOW
③
⑤
다음을 듣고, 남자가 하는 말의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르
시오.
④
① 손 씻기 교육 캠페인 우수 사례를 소개하려고
② 학교 화장실을 청결하게 사용하도록 당부하려고
③ 전염병 예방 교육 비디오의 시청 감상문을 모집하려고
07
④ 손 씻는 방법에 관한 교내 캠페인이 진행됨을 알리려고
22053-0102
대화를 듣고, 남자가 여행용 가방 주문을 취소한 이유를 고르
시오.
⑤ 교내에 새로 설치된 손 씻는 시설의 활용을 권유하려고
① 여행이 취소되어서
② 색이 마음에 들지 않아서
02
③ 예상보다 크기가 너무 작아서
22053-0097
④ 삼촌으로부터 여행용 가방을 얻어서
대화를 듣고, 여자의 의견으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
⑤ 가격이 더 싼 다른 가방을 사게 되어서
① 식단을 짤 때는 맛보다 영양의 균형을 먼저 고려해야 한다.
② 공복 상태에서의 운동은 부정적인 효과를 낳을 수 있다.
③ 영양 보충제 구매 시 주요 성분을 꼼꼼히 살펴야 한다.
④ 운동 직후 단백질을 섭취하면 근육 발달이 촉진된다.
⑤ 단백질 섭취에서는 양보다 질이 더 중요하다.
10
03
05
08
22053-0100
22053-0103
대화를 듣고, 두 사람의 관계를 가장 잘 나타낸 것을 고르시오.
대화를 듣고, 남자가 할 일로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
대화를 듣고, Kingston Bookmark Design Competition에
관해 언급되지 않은 것을 고르시오.
① 코치 - 주장 선수
① 조별 과제 정리하기
① 주최 기관
② 상담사 - 내담자
② 도서관 개관 시간 확인하기
② 참가 대상
③ 헬스 트레이너 - 헬스장 회원
③ 사회 시험 기출 문제 복사하기
③ 주제
④ 기자 - 스포츠 분석가
④ 도서관 그룹 스터디룸 예약하기
④ 심사 기준
⑤ 경기 심판 - 팀 감독
⑤ 친구에게 바뀐 공부 장소 알려 주기
⑤ 수상 혜택
82
책1.indb 3
22053-0098
EBS 수능완성 영어
22053-0105
다음 표를 보면서 대화를 듣고, 남자가 주문할 자전거용 신발을
고르시오.
Bicycle Shoes
①
②
③
④
⑤
Color
Number
Price
of Dials
Model
Material
A
Mesh Fabric
Black
1
$ 65
B
Mesh Fabric
White
2
$ 71
C
Mesh Fabric
Light Grey
2
$ 85
D
Mesh Fabric
Light Blue
E
PVC
Yellow
1
$ 93
2
$ 108
실전 모의고사 1회
83
2022-05-10 오후 7:14:29
이 책의 차례
CONTENTS
유형편
책1.indb 4
Chapter 01
목적ㆍ심경
8
Chapter 02
필자의 주장ㆍ글의 요지
12
Chapter 03
글의 주제
16
Chapter 04
글의 제목
20
Chapter 05
도표
24
Chapter 06
세부 내용 파악
28
Chapter 07
실용문
32
Chapter 08
어법
36
Chapter 09
어휘
40
Chapter 10
빈칸 추론 ( 1 )
44
Chapter 11
빈칸 추론 ( 2 )
48
Chapter 12
함축 의미 추론
52
Chapter 13
무관한 문장 파악
56
Chapter 14
글의 순서 파악
60
Chapter 15
문장 삽입
64
Chapter 16
요약문 완성
68
Chapter 17
장문의 이해 ( 1 ) : 1지문 2문항
72
Chapter 18
장문의 이해 ( 2 ) : 1지문 3문항
76
2022-05-10 오후 7:14:29
실전편
실전 모의고사 1회
82
실전 모의고사 2회
99
실전 모의고사 3회
116
실전 모의고사 4회
133
실전 모의고사 5회
150
정답과 해설
모르는 문제, 찍어서 해설 강의 수강
학생
교재 문항을 한글(HWP)문서로 저장
[ 22053-0001 ]
1. 윗글에 대해 이해한 내용으로 가장 적절한 것은?
1. 윗글에 대해 이해한 내용으로 가장 적절한 것은?
100
80
60
40
20
0
1
2
100
80
60
40
20
0
[ 22053-0001 ]
1. 윗글에 대해 이해한 내용으로 가장 적절한 것은?
100
80
60
40
20
0
1
3
2
4
4
3
찰칵!
# 스마트폰 문제 촬영
# 인공지능 단추 푸리봇 연결
# 해설 강의 수강
※ EBSi 고교강의 앱 설치 후 이용하실 수 있습니다.
※ EBSi 홈페이지 및 앱 검색창에서 문항코드 입력으로도 확인이 가능합니다.
책1.indb 5
교사
[ 22053-0001 ]
EBS 교재 문항을 한글(HWP)파일로
다운로드하여 이용할 수 있습니다
수학 영역
1
2
3
다운로드
4
※ 교사지원센터(http://teacher.ebsi.co.kr) 접속 후 ‘교사 인증’을 통해 이용 가능
2022-05-10 오후 7:14:29
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영어영역
영어
Chapter 01 목적ㆍ심경
Chapter 10 빈칸 추론 ( 1 )
Chapter 02 필자의 주장ㆍ글의 요지
Chapter 11 빈칸 추론 ( 2 )
Chapter 03 글의 주제
Chapter 12 함축 의미 추론
Chapter 04 글의 제목
Chapter 13 무관한 문장 파악
Chapter 05 도표
Chapter 14 글의 순서 파악
Chapter 06 세부 내용 파악
Chapter 15 문장 삽입
Chapter 07 실용문
Chapter 16 요약문 완성
Chapter 08 어법
Chapter 17 장문의 이해 ( 1 ) : 1지문 2문항
Chapter 09 어휘
Chapter 18 장문의 이해 ( 2 ) : 1지문 3문항
유형편
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Chapter
01
목적 · 심경
유형 소개
‌
■ 글의
목적을 묻는 문제는 필자가 글을 쓴 의도를 파악하는 능력을 측정하는 유형으로 편지글이나 이메일이 주로 지문으로 사용된다.
‌
■ 등장인물의
심경이나 심경의 변화를 묻는 문제는 등장인물이 어떤 사건을 겪으면서 느끼는 감정이나 감정의 변화가 드러나는 글이 주로
지문으로 사용된다.
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 2쪽
다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?
22053-0001
Dear Parents and Guardians,
I am writing to let you know about an incident that occurred at our school this
morning. At about 7:50 a.m., one of our fourth-grade students saw a raccoon in her
classroom. The student did not touch it, but instead alerted the teacher. The teacher
immediately told the students to leave the classroom and alerted our administration.
One of our staff went to the room and caught the raccoon. It was sent to a wildlife
preservation center. No student appeared to show any signs of trauma from the event
and everyone returned to their classroom after the raccoon was removed. Instruction
continued normally for the rest of the day. If you have any questions or concerns, please
call the school.
Sincerely,
Jessica Brooks, Principal
✽trauma:
정신적 충격
‌
① 학교 내 안전사고에 대한 보험 청구 방법을 안내하려고
‌
② 자녀가 학교에 반려동물을 가져오지 않도록 당부하려고
‌
③ 학교에 야생 동물이 출현한 사건에 관한 경과를 보고하려고
‌
④ 안전 점검으로 인해 학교가 일시 폐쇄될 예정임을 공지하려고
‌
⑤ 동물 장난감으로 친구를 놀린 학생에 대한 처벌 내용을 통지하려고
Vocabulary in Context
8
책1.indb 8
 incident 사건
 raccoon 미국너구리
 alert 알리다, (~에게) 주의를 환기하다
 immediately 즉시
 administration 행정팀, 행정 직원(들)
 wildlife 야생 동물
 preservation 보호, 보존
 instruction 수업, 교육
EBS 수능완성 영어
2022-05-10 오후 7:14:30
www.ebsi.co.kr
Let’s Solve It with Strategies
글의 전개 과정에 나타난 필자의 의도를 파악한다.
4학년 학생 중 한 명이 교실에서 미국너구리를 보았으며 이를 선생님에게 알리자 선생님은 학생들을 교실에서 나
가게 한 다음 행정팀에 연락했고, 미국너구리는 잡혀서 야생 동물 보호 센터로 보내졌으며, 학생들은 다시 교실로
가서 정상 수업이 이루어졌다는 사건의 흐름을 시간의 순서대로 알리고 있다.
Step 2
글의 도입부에서 글의 유형과 중심 소재를 파악한다.
학교장이 학부모와 보호자에게 보내는 글이며 아침에 일어난 사건을 설명하고 있다.
Step 1
학교에서 발생한 미국너구리 출현 사건에 관해 학부모와 보호자에게 알리고, 질문이나 우려하는 점이 있으면 연락
바란다는 말로 글을 마무리하고 있으므로, 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은 ③ ‘학교에 야생 동물이 출현한 사건에
관한 경과를 보고하려고’이다.
Step 3
Vocabulary Review
괄호 안의 영영 풀이를 참고하여 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 Vocabulary in Context에서 찾아 쓰시오.
Answer & Translation
1. I can’t remember the exact time the
occurred.
(an event, especially one that is unusual or important)
1. incident | 나는 그 사건이 발생한 정
확한 시간을 기억할 수 없다.
2. alert | 그 물체가 수상하다고 느끼면,
경찰에 알려야 한다.
2. If you feel suspicious about the object, you should
police.
(to make someone aware of something)
3. People approved of the
the
3. preservation | 사람들은 그 역사적
인 건물들의 보존을 찬성했다.
of the historical buildings.
(the act of keeping something safe from harm or loss)
Chapter 01 목적·심경
책1.indb 9
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www.ebsi.co.kr
x e r c i s e s
01
22053-0002
02
22053-0003
다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글에 드러난 ‘I’의 심경으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Dear Mr. Sanderson,
Thank you for your application for a position
working on the manufacturing line at Bulls
Supplies. We have reviewed your résumé and have
determined that you have the proper credentials
for the job. However, it is one of a relatively few
positions at the company that require certain
As the sun began to set, I realized I wasn’t going
to make it to the Catskills as I hoped. I took out the
map and decided to find a spot to camp. I found a
free camping ground on top of a mountain called
Mount Washington. I started to head toward the
mountain. The drive to the mountain was getting
tough. All the streets had no names. I was off
levels of strength and coordination. Please visit
our company’s website to check the schedule and
location of a required physical ability test that will
measure your ability to lift a reasonable amount of
weight and operate certain physically demanding
tools and machinery. The test will be administered
by a third-party assessment company; you should
plan on devoting about one hour for the test. Thank
you again for your interest in employment with our
company.
the map in some tiny town just trying to find a
nice piece of land to sleep on. There was a tall
mountain in the distance; I figured that was Mount
Washington, but every time I tried to get close
to it, the road seemed to take me in the opposite
direction of the mountain. Round and round I went
trying to find a way to get to it, but somehow I was
never able to make it across. I finally went back the
way I came and ended up getting lost. A sigh came
out from me. I couldn’t find the entrance to the
mountain. My head was hanging with failure.
자격, 자격증
① jealous and angry
② proud and hopeful
‌
✽credentials:
‌
Sincerely,
Martha Flynn
② 회사 내 변경된 담당 업무를 설명하려고
④ delightful and grateful
③ 입사 시험 최종 합격 결과를 통지하려고
⑤ discouraged and disappointed
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
③ indifferent and bored
‌
① 신입 직원 환영회에 초대하려고
‌
④ 누락된 입사 구비 서류 제출을 요청하려고
‌
⑤ 직원 채용에 필요한 신체 능력 검사를 안내하려고
10
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EBS 수능완성 영어
2022-05-10 오후 7:14:30
정답과 해설 2쪽
22053-0004
다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?
To our valued M&H Ltd. dealers,
22053-0005
다음 글에 드러난 Jonah의 심경 변화로 가장 적절한 것은?
Jonah felt like he was being watched. The hair
rose on the back of his neck and he looked round
sharply. There seemed to be a sudden movement at
the top of the hill but when he stared at the woods,
the trees were motionless. Jonah took a deep breath,
shook his head and told himself not to be such an
idiot. What could possibly hurt him here? He bent
down to roll up his soaked jeans and saw, out of
the corner of his eye, another flicker of movement
up in the trees to his right. Jonah straightened up
and gazed at the ridge above him. For a moment or
two, nothing stirred. And then, yes. Something was
slipping through the beeches. Jonah stiffened, and
then he saw a few deer in the woods. He smiled
with relief. He remembered his uncle telling him
there were deer in the valley. Perhaps they would
come down to feed.
✽flicker:
순간적인 어른거림, 깜박거림
✽✽ridge:
✽✽✽beech:
산등성이
너도밤나무
① furious → sympathetic
② ashamed → proud
‌
Over the past few months, we have all
felt the value of the Canadian dollar fall
significantly against the US dollar. We
have absorbed these currency changes
up to this point. However, this downward
trend in exchange rates has forced us to
re-evaluate our situation. Therefore,
effective March 9th, 2015, we will need
to apply a net increase of 5% to all 2015
published prices. M&H regrets having to
take such action, but the current state of
the Canadian dollar versus other currencies
makes it impossible for us to continue to
absorb these losses. Rest assured, we will
continue to monitor the situation, and react
accordingly. Should you have any questions
about these price adjustments, please do
not hesitate to contact us. We thank you
04
‌
03
‌
③ indifferent → confused
④ scared → relieved
‌
for your understanding and value your
continued support.
⑤ bored → thrilled
‌
Sincerely,
Peter Bennet
Sales Manager
‌
① 신제품에 대한 소비자 반응 조사를 요청하려고
‌
② 환율 변동으로 인한 수출량 변화를 문의하려고
‌
③ 환율 변동에 따른 제품 가격 인상을 통보하려고
‌
④ 배송 지연으로 인한 상품 입고일 변경을 사과하려고
‌
⑤ 매출 하락으로 인한 가맹점 손실 보전 방안을 안내하려고
Chapter 01 목적·심경
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Chapter
02
필자의 주장 · 글의 요지
유형 소개
핵심 의견이나 글의 중심 생각을 이해하는 능력을 측정하는 유형이다.
■ 주장은
필자가 글을 통해 전달하고자 하는 의견이고, 요지는 글 전반에 드러나는 중심 생각이다.
‌
‌
■ 필자의
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 4쪽
다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
22053-0006
Compassion and kindness so color the messages sent from others’ emotional brains to their
rational brains that few decisions about you will be untainted by their influence. Nice guys
don’t finish last. They’re forgiven their mistakes more frequently, trusted more quickly, believed
more readily, seen as more attractive, and consistently given the benefit of any doubt. Nothing
predisposes others to form a favorable opinion of you more quickly and enduringly than when
you show the people you work with that you’re a kind and compassionate person. As Albert
Schweitzer once said, “Constant kindness can accomplish much. As the sun makes ice melt,
kindness causes misunderstanding, mistrust, and hostility to disappear.” In your attempt to build
favorable impressions, never ignore the power your compassion and kindness toward others has
on their impression of you.
✽untainted:
오염되지 않은
✽✽predispose:
(생각에 영향을 주어) ~하게 만들다
‌‌
① 상대방의 상황을 이해하려면 동정의 마음이 필요하다.
‌
② 서비스업 종사자는 친절하고 우호적인 성향을 보이곤 한다.
‌
③ 오해와 적개심은 사회관계 형성에 부정적인 영향을 끼친다.
‌
④ 오래 만난 사이일수록 동정과 친절의 감정을 더 크게 느낀다.
‌
⑤ 동정과 친절은 좋은 인상을 형성하는 데 결정적 역할을 한다.
Vocabulary in Context
 compassion 동정, 연민
 color 영향을 끼치다, 채색하다
 rational 이성적인, 합리적인
 attractive 매력적인
 consistently 일관되게
 give ~ the benefit of the doubt (남에 대해) 미심쩍은 점을 선의로 해석하다
 enduringly 지속적으로
 constant 변함없는, 거듭되는
 accomplish 성취하다
 hostility 적개심
 attempt 시도; 시도하다
12
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EBS 수능완성 영어
2022-05-10 오후 7:14:30
www.ebsi.co.kr
Let’s Solve It with Strategies
글의 도입부에서 중심 소재를 파악한다.
첫 번째 문장(Compassion and kindness ~.)을 통해 ‘동정과 친절이 대인 관계에 미치는 영향’을 중심 소재로 하
고 있음을 알 수 있다.
Step 1
글의 논리적 전개를 따라가며 필자가 어떻게 핵심 의견을 드러내는지 파악한다.
두 번째 문장(Nice guys ~.)부터 다섯 번째 문장(As Albert Schweitzer ~.)까지 필자는 친절하고 인정 많은 태
도를 가지는 것이 대인 관계에 상당히 긍정적으로 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 자신의 생각을 드러내고 있다.
Step 2
글의 결론부에서 필자의 핵심 의견이나 중심 생각을 다시 확인한다.
마지막 문장(In your attempt ~)에서 필자는 상대방에게 좋은 인상을 구축하려 할 때, 동정과 친절의 태도를 가지
는 것이 중요하다는 생각을 한 번 더 강조하고 있다. 따라서 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은 ⑤이다.
Step 3
Vocabulary Review
괄호 안의 영영 풀이를 참고하여 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 Vocabulary in Context에서 찾아 쓰시오.
Answer & Translation
1. Don’t allow your friends’ opinions to
your judgment.
(to affect someone’s decision or opinion about something)
1. color | 친구들의 의견이 여러분의 판
2. Let’s wait till we can have a(n)
(based on clear thought and reason)
3. attempt | 의사들은 그 소년의 생명을
단에 영향을 미치도록 내버려 두지 말라.
2. rational | 우리가 합리적인 논의를 할
수 있을 때까지 기다립시다.
3. The doctors made one last desperate
life.
discussion.
구하려는 마지막 필사적인 시도를 했다.
to save the boy’s
(the act or an instance of trying to do or accomplish something)
Chapter 02 필자의 주장·글의 요지
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x e r c i s e s
01
22053-0007
02
22053-0008
다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
Many people believe that they are very good at
detecting deception. They may even cite examples
where they were correct in spotting a lie when
others around them were not so sensitive. The
problem with such unproved evidence is that it’s
difficult to know when one is wrong in believing
a lie. Unless there was independent evidence later
Recognize that you may very well have unhealthy
habits when it comes to technology — most
people do. In a British study, 60 percent of parents
worried that their kids engaged in too much
screen time, while 70 percent of kids felt their
parents used technology too much. You have to
model responsible use of digital devices. Talk to
that someone was lying, how would you discover
your incorrect judgment? By definition, successful
lies go undetected and there is no way of keeping
track of them. In fact, across scores of experiments,
average detection accuracy is only slightly better
than chance. Specifically, with 50% as a baseline
for chance accuracy, the average detection accuracy
is approximately 55%. Furthermore, there is little
or no relationship between confidence in judgments
and accuracy.
your kids about the universal struggle to regulate
technology use, including your own. Offer tips that
have worked for you or other people you know.
Give your kids permission to call you out when
you check your phone while they’re trying to talk
to you. Apologize. Show them you’re working on
it. When a friend of ours was on vacation with her
family, she gave her smartphone to her husband to
stash out of sight. She knew if she had access to it,
she’d be too inclined to check her e-mail, taking
her out of the moments she wanted to focus on her
family.
✽deception:
속임수
① 근거가 없는 주장은 힘을 발휘하지 못한다.
✽stash:
간수하다, 챙겨 두다
② 상황을 파악한 다음에 올바른 판단을 내릴 수 있다.
④ 자신의 생각을 솔직하게 밝히면 관계 형성에 도움이 된다.
② 자녀와의 소통을 위해 디지털 기기를 적극적으로 활용하라.
⑤ 거짓말로 인해 무너진 신뢰감은 회복하는 데 오랜 시간이 걸
③ 스마트폰 사용에 관한 가족 규칙을 정해 보이는 곳에 게시하라.
‌
‌
④ 부모 스스로 디지털 기기를 분별 있게 사용하는 모범을 보이라.
‌
린다.
‌
① 스마트폰 사용의 문제점을 자녀 스스로 깨닫게 하라.
‌
③ 거짓말을 제대로 간파했는지 여부는 확신하기 어렵다.
‌
⑤ 자녀의 스마트폰 중독이 의심될 때는 전문 기관에 도움을 요
청하라.
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정답과 해설 4쪽
03
22053-0009
04
22053-0010
다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
A positive attitude does not mean that every
idea has to be treated as wonderful. It means a
positive exploration of an idea to discover and
show up whatever good features it has. The next
step might be to find the weaknesses in order to
avoid or strengthen them, rather than using them
as a means for rejecting the idea. Finally, the fully
Creating your personal brand is a way of
clarifying your values, aspirations, character,
expertise, and how you add value. Your brand can
be an anchor in a sea of change and opportunity.
It helps you understand which jobs fit you best
and which jobs are best filled by someone else, or
what kind of projects bring out the best in you and
developed idea may not be used because there is a
better one or because — good though it may be —
it is not suitable. Too often we feel we have to start
rejecting an idea at the beginning because we know
that at the end we are not going to be able to act
upon it. There is nothing wrong with being positive
about an idea and showing, honestly, at the end
why it is not possible to adopt it.
which leave you feeling just meh. It also helps you
differentiate yourself from the crowd. Consider
the hundreds of thousands of people worldwide
who graduate with the same type of degree every
year (e.g., business, education, engineering, law,
psychology, sociology, health sciences). It’s
difficult to stand out if you expect your degree
alone to distinguish you from the rest. You don’t
want to be the best-kept secret in your organization
or field, nor do you want to make people guess
what your interests and strengths are, because it’s
your responsibility to let people know where and
how you can make your best contributions.
‌
① 아이디어가 채택되지 않은 이유를 사후에라도 분석하여 개선
할 필요가 있다.
‌‌
② 초반부터 실현 가능성을 염두에 두고 아이디어를 제안하는
것이 바람직하다.
✽meh:
‌
③ 아이디어를 거부하기 전에 일단 긍정적 태도로 검토한 후 결
정하는 것이 좋다.
① 다수의 의견에 편승하기보다는 자신의 개성과 소신을 지켜야
‌
‌
④ 창의적 아이디어를 발굴하기 위해서는 긍정적이고 활발한 의
시시한
사소통이 효과적이다.
한다.
② 자신만의 특성과 강점을 명확하게 드러내 남들과 차별화해야
‌
‌
⑤ 제안된 아이디어에 대해 비판하기보다는 건설적인 대안을 제
시하는 것이 중요하다.
한다.
‌
③ 원활한 소통을 위해서 다른 사람들의 관심사를 잘 알아 두어야
한다.
‌
④ 직무를 선택하기 전에 직무에 필요한 역량을 정확하게 파악
해야 한다.
‌
⑤ 조직에 대한 충성보다는 개인의 행복과 균형 있는 삶을 중시
해야 한다.
Chapter 02 필자의 주장·글의 요지
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Chapter
03
글의 주제
유형 소개
‌
■ ‘무엇에
‌
■ 글의
관한 글인가’를 파악하는 유형이다. 글의 중심 내용을 파악한 다음, 이것을 명사구로 정확하게 표현한 선택지를 고른다.
핵심 어구 및 중심 내용을 정확하게 파악하는 것이 필수적이다.
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 7쪽
다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
22053-0011
Our reasoning has various biases and deficits. Numbers expose the most obvious deficits in
our reasoning skills, especially numbers involving probabilities. We have a hard time judging
probability without referring to past events. The best example of this is known as the gambler’s
fallacy. The gambler’s fallacy, also known as the Monte Carlo fallacy, is the mistaken belief
that, if something happens more frequently than normal during some period, it will happen less
frequently in the future, or that, if something happens less frequently than normal during some
period, it will happen more frequently in the future. Our brains are powerful engines of decision
making, but probabilities throw a wrench in our cognitive gears. The reason is simple — for
most of our evolutionary history, we didn’t have to think about probabilities. We existed in much
simpler times. We followed much simpler equations like this: BEAR = “run as fast as humanly
possible.”
① probabilities as a key cause of faulty reasoning
② evolutionary explanations of human social behavior
③ the mistaken view that humans are naturally reasonable
④ potential risks of simplifying cause-and-effect relationships
⑤ reasons why people’s biases are often unconscious or implicit
Vocabulary in Context
 bias 편견, 편향
 deficit 결함, 부족, 결손
 probability 확률, 개연성
 fallacy 오류, 틀린 생각
 throw a wrench in ~을 방해하다, ~에 훼방을 놓다
 cognitive 인지적인, 인식의
 evolutionary 진화적인, 발전의
 equation 방정식, 등식
 humanly 인간의 능력으로, 인간적으로
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Let’s Solve It with Strategies
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
글의 소재를 파악한다.
우리에게는 추론하는 데 있어서 편견과 결함이 있으며 특히 확률과 관련된 숫자에서 가장 명백한 결함이 드러난다
고 첫 두 문장에서 소개하고 있다.
빠르게 읽으며 중심 내용을 파악한다.
우리는 과거의 사건을 참조하지 않고는 확률을 판단하기 어렵고, 어떤 일이 일정 기간 더 자주 일어나면 미래에는
덜 자주 일어날 것이고 일정 기간 덜 자주 일어나면 미래에는 더 자주 일어날 것으로 생각하는 오류를 범한다는 예
를 들며, 확률에 대한 고려가 인지적 판단을 망치는데, 그 이유는 진화의 역사에서 인간은 확률에 대해 생각할 필요
가 없었기 때문이라고 설명하고 있다. 따라서 인간은 확률을 잘 판단하지 못하며 확률로 인해 인지적 추론에 어려
움을 겪는다는 것이 글의 중심 내용임을 알 수 있다.
주제를 가장 잘 표현한 선택지를 고른다.
확률을 포함하는 숫자는 인간의 추론 기술의 결함을 드러내고 확률은 인간의 인지적 장치를 망쳐 놓는다고 기술하
고 있다. 따라서 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은 ① ‘잘못된 추론의 주요 원인으로서의 확률’이다.
② 인간의 사회적 행동에 대한 진화론적인 설명
③ 인간이 선천적으로 합리적이라는 잘못된 견해
④ 인과 관계를 단순화하는 것의 잠재적 위험
⑤ 사람들의 편견이 자주 무의식적이거나 암시적인 이유
Vocabulary Review
괄호 안의 영영 풀이를 참고하여 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 Vocabulary in Context에서 찾아 쓰시오.
Answer & Translation
1. It is important that employers consider all candidates impartially and
without
.
(a tendency to prefer one person or thing to another)
1. bias | 고용주들이 모든 후보자를 공
2. There is very little
that our team will win this match.
(how likely something is to happen)
3. cognitive | 주의 집중, 기억, 추론과
평하고 편견 없이 고려하는 것이 중요
하다.
2. probability | 우리 팀이 이번 경기에
서 이길 확률은 거의 없다.
같은 다양한 인지적인 기술은 간단한 일
상적인 과업을 수행하는 데 관련된다.
3. Multiple
skills such as attention, memory, and reasoning
are involved in performing simple daily tasks.
(relating to conscious intellectual activity)
Chapter 03 글의 주제
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x e r c i s e s
01
22053-0012
02
22053-0013
다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
When a pesticide is applied to a population, it
affects those individuals that are sensitive to its
mode of action. But unless the target population is
genetically uniform, individuals are likely to differ
in their susceptibility to toxins. If a few individuals
have the ability to break down the pesticide, they
will be at an enormous selective advantage. These
Social media have played a significant part in the
move from “We” to “I.” In the world they create, I
am on the stage, bidding for attention, while others
form my audience. This is not how character is
made, nor is it how we develop as moral agents.
Morality is born when I focus on you, not me;
when I discover that you, too, have emotions,
individuals will have a superior ability to survive
and reproduce after being exposed to the pesticide,
and they will therefore leave more offspring than
susceptible individuals will leave. In the next
generation, a higher proportion of individuals will
be resistant to the pesticide. Thus, the application
of a pesticide creates a strong selective pressure
for resistance to it. When the process is repeated
over several generations, a population in which all
or most individuals are resistant to the pesticide
can be created. This typically leads to a search for
newer, even more toxic products.
desires, aspirations, and fears. I learn this by being
present to you and allowing you to be present to
me. It is this deeply subtle interaction that we learn
slowly and patiently through ongoing conversations
with family, friends, peers, teachers, mentors, and
others. We develop empathy and sympathy. We
learn what it is to receive acts of kindness and then
to repay them. Morality is about engaging with the
raw human vulnerabilities of others that lie beneath
the carefully burnished image, and about our ability
to heal some of the pain. I learn to be moral when I
develop the capacity to put myself into your place,
and that is a skill I only learn by engaging with
you, face to face or side by side.
✽pesticide:
살충제
✽✽susceptibility:
민감성
✽vulnerability:
‌
① growing dangers of pesticide poisoning in wild
취약성
✽✽burnished:
광을 낸, 닦은
‌
① negative impacts of social media on building
‌
‌
‌
self-esteem
② the importance of accepting others as they are in
relationships
③ effective ways to carry on deep and meaningful
conversations
④ critical factors to consider in the determination
of moral values
⑤ the need for direct engagement with others to
develop morality
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
animals
② key factors affecting the resistance of plants to
insect pests
③ ways to reduce potential health effects from
pesticide exposure
④ evolutionary process in which pesticide
resistance develops
⑤ difficulties of replacing chemical pesticides with
biological alternatives
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03
22053-0014
04
22053-0015
다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
Natural selection has favored systems that allow
an animal to defend its rights without having to
jeopardize its own life. In one system, animals
divvy up the available space in a habitat into
territories. Each territory holder advertises its claim
with visual displays, scent marks, or sound and
patrols the borders to guard against trespassers.
When sporting events are experienced as
community events, the athletes are not seen
as objects and the fans are not consumers of a
good. Instead athletes and fans come together
to experience a moment in time that connects
them as part of a unique experience never to be
duplicated. Experienced this way the emotions and
Neighboring claim holders may face off at the
“fence line” occasionally, but even then, they prefer
to stay on their side. In areas where the habitat is in
good shape, the system works beautifully; almost
every animal has the privacy and space it needs
to find food and shelter, court a mate, and, most
importantly, pass on its genes. The territory system
is also flexible; some animals defend an area
only when breeding or when they want to keep
an abundant source of food all to themselves. The
same animals can turn off their security alarms to
join a herd at the water hole or when migrating in
search of food.
the mythology of athletes performing superhuman
feats are no less intense than if they were treated
as entertainers and objects presented to fans for
consumption. But this way the bonds are tighter
between athletes and fans, and the memories are
deeper. There is a reason the Brooklyn Dodgers
are still cemented into the minds of Brooklynites
even though the team left the borough fifty-two
years ago, and there is a reason Jerry West, Sam
Huff, Major Harris, Darryl Talley, and Pat White
are legends in West Virginia. They are all part of a
community, not a consumer, experience.
✽divvy:
나누다, 분배하다
✽✽trespasser:
✽feat:
(눈부신) 기량
✽✽borough:
(New York 시의) 자치구
침입자
‌
① effects of sports being perceived as a community
‌
‌
predators
④ territory system by which animals keep their
own rights
⑤ aggressiveness of animals as a way of claiming
their territory
‌
‌
‌
③ territorial behaviors of animals to avoid
‌
‌
② the way a food chain is constructed in a territory
event
② reasons why people prefer to go to live sporting
events
③ efforts of communities to attract professional
sports clubs
④ advantages of participating in a community
sports league
⑤ influences of the increase of fans on the
performance of athletes
‌
‌
① the ecological features of a sustainable habitat
Chapter 03 글의 주제
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Chapter
04
글의 제목
유형 소개
‌
■ 글의
중심 내용을 가장 잘 표현하고 있는 제목을 찾는 유형이다.
‌
■ 제목은
주제처럼 핵심어 위주로 그대로 제시하거나 말을 바꾸어 표현하기도 하지만, 은유적이거나 함축적인 말 혹은 의문문이나 명령문
등의 형태로 다양하게 표현하기도 한다.
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 10쪽
다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
22053-0016
Loss of hearing means a previously well trained dog may seem to ignore you. She may also
get scared more easily, so you’ll need to explain to visitors and family members not to sneak
up on her, or she might snap out of fear without meaning to. Some dogs with bad hearing begin
barking a lot more — they can’t hear themselves, or you, and so use their “alarm cry” to get
attention. Giving her extra treats or petting simply rewards the behavior and can make barking
worse. Instead, a short “time out” in a small room usually calms the barking, after which the
quiet dog can rejoin the family. You’ll also learn to stamp a foot, wave your hand or use other
visual signals to gain her attention. Dogs readily learn hand signals instead of voice commands,
and adjust so quickly to dimming senses that you may not know anything is different at all.
✽sneak:
몰래 다가가다
✽✽dim:
흐릿해지다
‌
① Causes of Disability in Old Dogs
‌
② Sensory Edges Only Deaf Dogs Have
‌
③ Training Hearing Dogs for Deaf People
‌
④ How to Get Along with Your Dog Going Deaf
‌
⑤ Common Mistakes That Make Your Dogs Deaf
Vocabulary in Context
 snap (동물이) 물려고 하다
 bark 짖다
 pet 쓰다듬다
 reward 보상하다
 rejoin 다시 합류하다
 stamp (발을) 구르다
 adjust 적응하다, 조정하다
 disability 장애
 sensory 감각의
 edge 우위, 유리함
 hearing dog 청각 장애인 안내견
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Let’s Solve It with Strategies
글의 논리적 전개를 따라가며 글의 중심 생각이 어떻게 드러나는지 파악한다.
두 번째 문장(She may also get scared ~.)과 세 번째 문장(Some dogs with bad hearing ~.)을 통해 청력에
문제가 있는 개가 보일 수 있는 특성을 묘사하고 있고, 네 번째 문장(Giving her extra treats ~.)에서는 잘못된
대처법에 대해 언급하다가 다섯 번째 문장(Instead, a short “time out” ~.) 이후로는 바람직한 대처법에 대한 설
명을 제시하고 있다. 즉, 개괄적인 글의 요지는 청력을 잃어 가고 있는 개와 생활하는 방법에 대한 설명이라는 것을
알 수 있다.
Step 2
글의 도입부에서 중심 소재를 파악한다.
첫 번째 문장(Loss of hearing means ~.)을 통해 ‘개의 청력 손실’을 소재로 하고 있음을 알 수 있다.
Step 1
Step 3
글 전체가 말하고자 하는 요지를 포괄할 수 있는 제목을 고른다.
청력을 상실한 개가 보일 수 있는 여러 가지 특성과 이에 대한 대처 방법을 서술하는 내용이므로, 글의 제목으로 가
장 적절한 것은 ④ ‘청력을 잃어 가는 개와 함께 잘 지내는 방법’이다.
① 늙은 개의 장애 원인
② 청각 장애견만이 가지고 있는 감각적 우위
③ 청각 장애인을 위한 청각 장애인 안내견 훈련
⑤ 여러분의 개를 청각 장애견으로 만드는 흔한 실수들
Vocabulary Review
괄호 안의 영영 풀이를 참고하여 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 Vocabulary in Context에서 찾아 쓰시오.
Answer & Translation
1. The company has a plan to
(to make return for)
him for his years of service.
1. reward | 회사는 그의 수년간의 봉사
에 대해 보상할 계획을 갖고 있다.
2. adjust | 그녀는 혼자 사는 것에 적응
하는 데 한참이 걸렸다.
2. It took her a while to
(to adapt oneself)
to living alone.
3. Training can give you the
3. edge | 훈련을 통해 여러분은 경쟁자
보다 우위를 점할 수 있다.
over your competitors.
(an improved position or advantage)
Chapter 04 글의 제목
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x e r c i s e s
01
22053-0017
02
22053-0018
다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
In the UK, 40–50 percent of householders feed
birds in their gardens, dishing out an estimated
50,000–60,000 tonnes of bird food each year.
Providing food in winter, when natural foods might
be scarce, allows birds to survive food shortages,
but it is not clear whether feeding year-round has
a positive or negative effect on birds. In the US,
Museums have learned from the entertainment
industry that a “story” (narrative) can become a
vehicle to enhance the didactic content. Museums
now create exhibition scripts that include a personal
narrative that involves the visitor emotionally with
the content. Prior to the 1980s and the opening
of Epcot Theme Park in Florida, many museums
species that use bird feeders most frequently tend
to be doing just as well as, or better than, species
that use them more sporadically. But some studies
in the UK suggest that winter feeding can have a
negative effect on following breeding performance,
advancing laying date but decreasing clutch
size and breeding success. This may be because
additional food provides ‘incorrect’ cues to birds
for timing of breeding. Feeders also change the
evolution of birds, selecting for longer bills that
are better at reaching the food inside, and changing
migratory behaviour.
thought only of a didactic scheme. With the
opening of Epcot, museums started to use narrative
as a vehicle to convey educational content. It was
— and is — a dramatic shift. In 2013, the theme of
the American Alliance of Museum’s annual meeting
was “The Power of Story.” Lately, gamification,
borrowed from the world of video games, has taken
hold in some museums — transforming learning
into a game, using in-gallery interactive exhibits
and smart phone apps to award badges to visitors
and create competition between participants.
Visitors are asked for feedback to show that they
have understood the content. They receive rewards
and can compare themselves with other visitors.
✽sporadically:
이따금씩
✽✽clutch
size: (한 번에 낳은) 알의 수
✽didactic:
‌
① Urban Birds Need More Food!
가르치려는, 교훈적인
‌
② How to Feed Birds in Your Garden
④ Do Bird Feeders Help or Hurt Birds?
② Narrative Impact: How Stories Change Minds
⑤ How Birds Cope with Cold in Winter
③ Problems with Visitor Participation at Museums
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
① Museums Bring Entertainment into Education
‌
③ The Secrets of Urban Bird Breeding
‌
④ Entertainment Industry Dominates Modern
‌
Museums
⑤ How Integral Roles of Museums Have Been
Changing
22
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EBS 수능완성 영어
2022-05-10 오후 7:14:31
정답과 해설 10쪽
03
22053-0019
04
22053-0020
다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
A cell contains millions of proteins. These
proteins are continuously built up and broken
down by the cell. They are continuously recycled,
but this recycling process does not always run
smoothly. Every now and then, a protein escapes
the process: It is not broken down but remains in
the cell. At first there are only a few proteins, but as
Did you know that a plant knows when it is being
eaten? Well, as recent research reveals, it does,
but it doesn’t just sit there and accept its fate. It
deploys troops to defend itself, in an effort to stop
the predator. In this case, the research subject was
a plant called thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana),
the decades pass, more and more proteins remain
in the cell. They also tend to cluster together, so
that unbreakable protein clumps eventually fill
up the cell. As time goes by, our cells become so
filled with aggregated proteins that they no longer
function well. That causes them to age: Heart cells
no longer contract properly; nerve cells do not
transmit signals efficiently; digestive cells do not
absorb food as well as they used to. Finally, many
cells simply die, strangled in a web of proteins.
the first plant to have its genome sequenced, so
researchers have a better understanding of its inner
workings than of most other plants. To find out if
the plant was aware of being eaten, the scientists
re-created the vibrations that a caterpillar makes
as it eats the leaves. They also recorded other
vibrations that the plant might experience, such
as that of wind blowing. Sure enough, the cress
responded to the vibrations that mimic a munching
caterpillar by upping its production of mildly toxic
mustard oils and delivering them to the leaves to
deter predators. The plant showed no response to
wind or other vibrations.
✽clump:
덩어리
✽✽aggregate:
결집시키다
✽✽✽strangle:
질식시키다
‌
① Ways to Increase Your Protein Intake
✽sequence:
‌
② Can the Aging Process Be Slowed Down?
a member of the cabbage family. Thale cress was
③ Connections Between Activity and Longevity
‌‌
✽✽munch:
우적우적 먹다
‌
④ How Proteins in Cells Contribute to Their Aging
(유전체의) 배열 순서를 밝히다
① How Plants Use Vibrations as Protection
‌
⑤ How Aging and Weakening Immunity Are Related
② What Effects Do Insects Have on Plants?
③ Plants Defend Themselves Against Predators
④ Can Plants Communicate with Other Plants?
‌
⑤ Amazing Disease Resistance Mechanisms in
Plants
Chapter 04 글의 제목
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Chapter
05
도표
유형 소개
형태의 표, 막대그래프, 원그래프, 선 그래프와 함께 이를 설명하는 글을 제시하고 세부 사항의 일치 여부를 확인하는 유형이다.
■ 도표나
표에 제시된 정보가 선택지 문장과 정확하게 일치하는지를 확인하는 것이 문제 해결에 필수적이다.
‌
‌
■ 다양한
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 12쪽
다음 표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
22053-0021
Renewable Energy Generation Capacity and Global Share by Region (2020)
World Region
Capacity (GW)
Global Share (%)
Change
Growth Rate
since 2019 (GW)
since 2019 (%)
Asia
1,286
46
+167.6
+15.0
Europe
609
22
+34.3
+6.0
North America
422
15
+32.1
+8.2
South America
233
8
+9.2
+4.1
Eurasia
116
4
+6.2
+6.0
Africa
54
2
+2.6
+5.0
Oceania
44
2
+6.9
+18.5
Middle East
24
1
+1.2
+5.2
Central America & the Caribbean
16
1
+0.3
+2.1
(GW: gigawatt)
✽Percentages
may add up to more than 100 due to rounding.
The table above shows the renewable energy generation capacity and its global share by region
in 2020, along with its change and growth rate between 2019 and 2020. ① Asia increased its
renewable energy generation capacity by 167.6 GW to reach 1,286 GW, which accounted for
46% of the total global renewable energy generation capacity. ② Capacity in Europe and Eurasia
expanded by 34.3 GW and 6.2 GW, respectively, while the growth rates of the two regions
were the same, at 6.0%. ③ South America ranked fourth in terms of capacity, global share, and
change, but its growth rate was lower than that of Africa. ④ Oceania was the fastest growing
region with a growth rate of 18.5%, although its global share was only 2%. ⑤ The Middle East
and Central America & the Caribbean each accounted for 1% of the total global renewable
energy generation capacity, and, among all the regions, the Middle East ranked the lowest in
terms of growth rate.
Vocabulary in Context
24
책1.indb 24
 renewable 재생 가능한
 generation 발전, 발생, 세대
 capacity 용량, 수용력
 account for (부분·비율을) 차지하다
 expand 늘다, 커지다
 respectively 각각, 각자
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Let’s Solve It with Strategies
표의 제목과 글의 첫 번째 문장을 통해 소재와 중심 내용을 파악한다.
1. 표의 제목: Renewable Energy Generation Capacity and Global Share by Region (2020)
2. 첫 번째 문장: 위의 표는 2020년의 지역별 재생 에너지 발전 용량과 세계 점유율을, 2019년과 2020년 사이의
변화량 및 성장률과 함께 보여 준다.
→ 2020년의 지역별 재생 에너지 발전 용량과 세계 점유율, 2019년과 2020년 사이의 변화량 및 성장률
표의 이해를 위한 개요를 파악한다.
세로 항목: Asia, Europe, North America, South America, Eurasia, Africa, Oceania, Middle East,
‌
Step 2
‌
Step 1
‌
Central America & the Caribbean
→ 9개의 지역 제시
가로 항목: Capacity (GW), Global Share (%), Change since 2019 (GW), Growth Rate since 2019 (%)
표와 선택지 내용의 일치 여부를 확인한다.
① 아시아: 재생 에너지 발전 용량 167.6GW 증가해서 1,286GW에 도달, 46%의 점유율  일치
② 유럽과 유라시아: 각각 34.3GW와 6.2GW 증가, 성장률은 6.0%로 동일  일치
③ 남아메리카와 아프리카: 남아메리카는 용량, 세계 점유율, 변화량 면에서 4위, 성장률은 아프리카보다 낮은 순
위  일치
④ 오세아니아: 2%의 점유율, 18.5%의 성장률로 가장 빠르게 증가  일치
⑤ 중동과 중앙아메리카 및 카리브해 지역: 각각 1%의 점유율  일치
중동은 성장률에서 최하위  불일치
→ 성장률 면에서 최하위를 기록한 지역은 중앙아메리카 및 카리브해 지역이다. 따라서 표의 내용과 일치하지
않는 것은 ⑤이다.
‌
‌
‌
Step 3
→ 용량, 세계 점유율, 변화량, 성장률을 제시
Vocabulary Review
괄호 안의 영영 풀이를 참고하여 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 Vocabulary in Context에서 찾아 쓰시오.
Answer & Translation
1. This power plant is known to have the generating
of 5,000
megawatts.
(the maximum amount or number that can be contained or
accommodated)
1. capacity | 이 발전소는 5,000㎿의
발전 용량을 가진 것으로 알려져 있다.
2. expand | 그 회사는 그 새로운 소프
트웨어에 대한 세계 시장이 2022년이면
5천 억 달러로 커질 것이라 예상한다.
3. respectively | 수출과 수입은 각각
2. The company estimates the global market for the new software will
to $500 billion by 2022.
(to become larger)
3. Exports and imports have grown by 28% and 34%,
28%와 34%가 증가했다.
.
(in the same order as the items that have just been mentioned)
Chapter 05 도표
008~079 수능완성(영어)본문-유형편.indd 25
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x e r c i s e s
01
22053-0022
다음 도표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
Time spent playing digital games daily in Norway
20162016
to 2020
by by
Gender
from
to 2020
gender
Time spent in minutes
50
30
38
37
34
28
20
19
14
19
16
10
0
2016
2018
2017
Men
2019
2020
Women
The graph above shows the time spent playing
digital games daily in Norway from 2016 to 2020
by gender. ① Men spent more than 30 minutes per
day playing digital games throughout the five years,
with their daily playing time increasing from 34
minutes in 2017 to 44 minutes in 2020. ② Women
spent 28 minutes per day playing digital games in
2016, but their daily playing time dropped to just
half of that number the following year. ③ The time
spent playing digital games per day by women was
the highest in 2016, and in both 2018 and 2019
women spent 19 minutes playing digital games per
day, the second most time after 2016. ④ The gap
between men’s and women’s daily digital game
playing time was the smallest in 2016 and the
largest in 2020. ⑤ Men spent more than twice as
much time playing digital games per day as women
over the given period with the exception of 2016.
26
책1.indb 26
Share of All Trips Taken by Car in 2015 and 2050,
by Region
44
39
22053-0023
다음 표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
Time Spent Playing Digital Games Daily in Norway from
40
02
Change
World Region
2015 (%)
2050 (%)✽
North America
81.2
76.1
–5.1
Europe**
56.4
44.4
–12.0
(in percentage points)
Middle East
54.6
56.3
+1.7
Latin America
40.5
42.4
+1.9
Asia
28.3
40.3
+12.0
Africa
20.2
27.4
+7.2
✽projection,
based on current policies
✽✽includes Turkey
The table above shows the percentage share of
trips taken by car in 2015 and the projected share
for 2050, by region, including information on the
changes from 2015 to 2050. ① The percentage
of trips taken by car in North America was 81.2
percent in 2015, but its share is expected to
decrease to 76.1 percent in 2050. ② In Europe, the
percentage of the car as a mode of transportation
is projected to decline to 44.4 percent in 2050,
falling from 2015 by 12.0 percentage points.
③ In the Middle East and Latin America, the
percentage of trips by car is expected to increase
by 1.7 percentage points and 1.9 percentage points,
respectively, from 2015 to 2050. ④ The percentage
of trips by car in Asia is projected to climb to more
than 40 percent in 2050, 12.0 percentage points
up from just 28.3 percent in 2015. ⑤ In 2015, the
percentage of trips taken by car in Africa was less
than half that of Latin America, but the percentage
in Africa is expected to be more than that of Latin
America in 2050.
EBS 수능완성 영어
2022-05-10 오후 7:14:32
정답과 해설 12쪽
03
22053-0024
다음 도표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
How much do you trust in your health service providers
to keep your data safe?
in keeping your data safe?
Not very much
3
10
Medical professionals 2017
4 7
(e.g., my doctor(s) or
2019
other healthcare
providers) (%) 2020 6 11
Some
Tech companies
(e.g., for
wearables or
health apps
I use) (%)
2017
2019
2020
10
25
36
36
53
34
49
Traditional
Media (%)
43
29
30
55
Do not trust
Comic books
46.1
Fiction
46.4
Magazines
Newspapers
83
Trust
33
22
Percentage of Korean Students Who Read or Used
Percentage
KoreanMore
Students
or Used(2018)
Traditional/OnlineofMedia
Than Who
OnceRead
per Month
Traditional/Online Media, in 2018
Very much
52
17
Do not trust
22053-0025
다음 도표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
How much do you trust in your health service provider
Not at all
04
Nonfiction
14
36
12
32
13
45
Trust
N※Percentages may add up to less than or exceed 100 due to rounding.
The graph above shows how the degree to which
healthcare consumers trust in their health service
providers to keep their information secure changed
between 2017 and 2020 in the U.S. ① Over the
three years covered by the graph, more than 80%
of healthcare consumers trusted in their medical
professionals. ② The percentage of consumers who
said they trusted in their medical professionals in
2019 differed by only 1 percentage point from that
in 2017. ③ In 2020, the percentage of consumers
who did not trust in their medical professionals
was bigger than that in 2019, but the percentage
of consumers who responded to the trust in their
medical professionals “very much” was more
than double that in 2017. ④ Unlike the percentage
of the trust in medical professionals, that in tech
companies did not exceed 50 percent in 2019 and
2020, respectively. ⑤ Moreover, it is worth noting
that the percentage of consumers who said they did
not trust in tech companies at all more than doubled
from 2017 to 2020.
11.5
21.8
23.6
E-mail
Online
Media (%)
43.5
Messaging services
93.8
Online news
Online discussions or forums
Websites containing
practical information
80.4
23.7
84.0
The graph above shows the percentage of Korean
students who read or used traditional/online
media more than once per month in 2018. ① The
two most popular traditional media types among
Korean students were comic books and fiction,
but the percentages of students who read them did
not exceed 50% in either case. ② As for the other
traditional media types, more Korean students
read nonfiction than newspapers or magazines.
③ For online media, the percentage of students
who used messaging services was 93.8%, which
was more than twice that of students who used
e-mail. ④ Online news was read or used by more
Korean students than websites containing practical
information. ⑤ In the case of online media, the
smallest percentage of Korean students said they
read or used online discussions or forums more
than once per month.
Chapter 05 도표
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Chapter
06
세부 내용 파악
유형 소개
동식물, 사물 등에 해당되는 소재를 사실적으로 설명한 글을 제시한 후, 세부 내용을 묻는 유형이다.
■ 글의
내용을 세부적으로 이해하여 주어진 선택지가 글의 내용과 일치하는지, 또는 일치하지 않는지를 판단해야 한다.
‌
‌
■ 인물,
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 14쪽
Judith Sargent Murray에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
22053-0026
Judith Sargent Murray, one of the best-known eighteenth-century female essayists and letter
writers, was born on May 1, 1751, the oldest of eight children of the wealthy merchant family
of Winthrop Sargent and Judith Saunders Sargent. Murray is remembered as a pioneer in the
movement for women’s education and as an advocate of equal opportunity for women. She
was exceptionally well educated for a young woman of her day; her father insisted that she
be tutored in the classics along with her brother Winthrop as he was being prepared to enter
Harvard University. Judith began to write poetry as a teenager. She married merchant mariner
John Stevens in October of 1769. During her marriage to Stevens, Murray became involved in
the liberal religious currents of the day. She and Stevens converted from Congregationalism
to Universalism. John Stevens died in 1786, and two years later, she married John Murray, a
Universalist minister.
✽Congregationalism:
조합 교회주의
✽✽Universalism:
보편 구제설
‌‌
① 부유한 상인 가정의 여덟 자녀 중 맏이로 태어났다.
‌
② 여성 교육 운동의 선구자로 기억되는 인물이다.
‌
③ 남동생과 함께 가정 교습을 받는 것을 아버지가 반대했다.
‌
④ 1769년에 해상 무역상인 John Stevens와 결혼했다.
‌
⑤ John Stevens가 사망하고 2년 후 John Murray와 재혼했다.
Vocabulary in Context
 merchant 상인
 advocate 주창자, 옹호자
 exceptionally 이례적으로, 특별히
 tutor 가정 교습을 하다, 개인 교습을 하다
 classics 서양고전학
 merchant mariner 해상 무역상
 liberal 자유주의의, 진보적인
 convert 개종하다, 전향하다
 minister 목사, 성직자
28
책1.indb 28
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Let’s Solve It with Strategies
글의 소재를 파악하고, 선택지의 정보를 통해 글을 읽을 때 중점을 두어야 할 부분을 예측한다.
소재: Judith Sargent Murray
① → 가정 환경과 가족 관계
② → 업적과 공로
③ → 교육 기회
④ → 결혼과 사회 활동
⑤ → 남편의 사망 및 재혼 여부
Step 1
글의 내용과 선택지의 정보를 상세하게 비교하여 일치 여부를 판단한다.
① the oldest of eight children of the wealthy merchant family (부유한 상인 가정의 여덟 자녀 중 맏이로
태어났다.  일치)
② is remembered as a pioneer in the movement for women’s education (여성 교육 운동의 선구자로 기억
되는 인물이다.  일치)
③ her father insisted that she be tutored in the classics along with her brother Winthrop (남동생과 함
께 가정 교습을 받는 것을 아버지가 반대했다.  불일치)
④ She married merchant mariner John Stevens in October of 1769. (1769년에 해상 무역상인 John
Stevens와 결혼했다.  일치)
⑤ John Stevens died in 1786, and two years later, she married John Murray, a Universalist minister.
(John Stevens가 사망하고 2년 후 John Murray와 재혼했다.  일치)
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
Step 2
글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 선택지의 내용을 확인한다.
Judith Sargent Murray의 남동생이 하버드 대학교에 입학할 준비를 하고 있을 때 아버지가 Judith Sargent
Murray에게 남동생과 함께 서양고전학 가정 교습을 받을 것을 고집했다고 언급되어 있으므로, 글의 내용과 일치
하지 않는 것은 ③이다.
Step 3
Vocabulary Review
괄호 안의 영영 풀이를 참고하여 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 Vocabulary in Context에서 찾아 쓰시오.
Answer & Translation
1. The
sold everything he had to buy the jewels.
(a person who buys and sells goods especially in large amounts)
1. merchant | 그 상인은 그 보석들을
사기 위해 자신이 가진 모든 것을 팔
았다.
2. advocate | 그는 공교육의 열렬한 주
2. He is a passionate
of public education.
(a person who publicly supports someone or something)
창자이다.
3. tutor | 그 노인은 그녀에게 현악기를
개인 교수하고 있었다.
3. The old man was
ing her in the stringed instruments.
(to teach or guide usually individually in a special subject or for a
particular purpose)
Chapter 06 세부 내용 파악
책1.indb 29
29
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E
01
22053-0027
02
22053-0028
spotted eagle ray에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
Marcus Vitruvius에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
Spotted eagle rays are magnificent fish that can
be found among coral reefs and shallow tropical
waters all over the planet. They are not round in
shape but extremely angular with a body shaped
more like a diamond. Their width may be twice
as wide as their length, and their tail can be very
long if undamaged. They school in large groups
Marcus Vitruvius was a Roman architect and a
military engineer under Julius Caesar. He is most
famous as the author of De architectura, which
consisted of 10 books on architecture. Vitruvius
was an admirer of Greek architecture and wished
to preserve the classical tradition in the design
of temples and public buildings. He saw that the
to cross open water, ‘flying’ through the water
and sometimes leaping completely into the air to
escape pursuit. It is not considered a good food
fish, and when caught, makes loud sounds and
should be treated with extreme caution because
of its poisonous tail spines. The white spots and
rings covering the upper surface help to identify
this species. The spot and ring patterns seem to be
different for each animal. Photographic analysis
has shown that these patterns can be used much
like fingerprints to identify different individuals.
success of architecture was based on the deep
understanding of different sciences, arts, and nature.
In De architectura, he included some practical
suggestions for finding groundwater. One of these
examples required a person to lie on his stomach
before sunrise, placing his chin on the ground to
look for rising vapors. Vitruvius also provided a
table of soil types, which included the amount and
taste of groundwater that one could expect from
each soil type. In his final years, he was granted a
pension by the Roman emperor Augustus, to whom
De architectura was dedicated.
✽ray:
가오리
✽✽spine:
(경골어류의) 지느러미 가시
① 로마 시대 건축가이자 군 공학자였다.
② 몸의 길이가 너비의 두 배가 될 수도 있다.
② 10권으로 이루어진 De architectura의 저자로 유명하다.
③ 추격을 피해 공중으로 뛰어오르기도 한다.
③ 공공건물 설계에 있어 고전적인 전통을 따르길 거부했다.
④ 독이 있는 꼬리지느러미 가시 때문에 매우 주의해야 한다.
④ 지하수의 양과 맛을 포함하는 토양 유형 표를 제공했다.
⑤ 반점과 고리의 패턴은 개체마다 달라 보인다.
⑤ 말년에 로마 황제 Augustus로부터 연금을 받았다.
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌‌
① 몸의 형태가 다이아몬드 모양에 가깝게 각이 져 있다.
30
책1.indb 30
www.ebsi.co.kr
x e r c i s e s
EBS 수능완성 영어
2022-05-10 오후 7:14:33
정답과 해설 14쪽
03
22053-0029
04
22053-0030
William Caxton에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
La Digue에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
William Caxton was born in Kent, though
probably not at Strood, which has been suggested as
his birthplace. After his apprenticeship as a mercer,
Caxton moved to Bruges, the foremost center for
trade between the English and the Flemish, and
built up a textile business there. Eventually he
was appointed Governor of the English Nation at
La Digue, with its dramatic, sculptured granite
rocks and very beautiful beaches, is a laid-back,
inviting island in the sun. It lies 50 km northeast
of Mahé, 4 km east of Praslin and is the fourth
largest of the granitic islands in Seychelles. The
10 km 2 island is almost completely encircled
by coral reef and has no natural harbour. A jetty
Bruges. As part of his official functions he took
part in foreign trade negotiations for the English
government. In 1471, presumably after resigning
his office, Caxton went to Cologne. In the course
of a stay of some eighteen months in Cologne,
he learned the technique of printing, possibly
participating in the production of an edition of
Bartholomaeus Anglicus’s De proprietatibus rerum.
has been built at La Passe on the west coast and,
recently, a breakwater has been constructed to
provide more shelter, particularly during the
northwest monsoons. The island is about 6 km
long, a little over 3 km wide, and rises up to 333 m
at Nid d’Aigles, ‘Eagles Nest’, the highest peak.
Marion Dufresne, in his ship La Digue, made the
first recorded discovery of this picturesque island
in 1768, and the French took formal possession
of it in 1771. Amid the green vegetation, streams
and swamps, the worst thing the early settlers had
to contend with was the crocodiles, and they were
soon wiped out along with the tortoises.
After returning to Bruges, Caxton established a
press and produced the first printed English book,
The Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye, his own
translation from the French, begun in 1469 and
encouraged by Margaret, Duchess of Burgundy.
✽apprenticeship:
도제 생활
✽✽mercer:
✽granite:
포목상
화강암
✽✽jetty:
② 영국 정부를 위해 대외 무역 협상에 참여했다.
② 크기가 10 km2이며 자연항이 없다.
③ 1471년에 Cologne으로 떠났다.
③ 가장 높은 봉우리는 333미터까지 솟아 있다.
④ Cologne에서 약 18개월 동안 체류하며 인쇄 기술을 배웠다.
④ 프랑스인들이 1771년에 이 섬의 소유권을 포기했다.
⑤ Cologne에서 출판사를 설립한 뒤 Bruges로 돌아왔다.
⑤ 초기 정착민들이 싸워야 했던 최악의 것은 악어였다.
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
① 아름다운 해변이 있는 매력적인 섬이다.
‌‌
① Bruges로 이사해, 그곳에 섬유 사업체를 세웠다.
Chapter 06 세부 내용 파악
책1.indb 31
부두
31
2022-05-10 오후 7:14:33
Chapter
07
실용문
유형 소개
‌
■ 다양한
‌
■ 보통
소재의 실용문을 읽고 제시된 정보를 정확하게 이해하는 능력을 측정하는 유형이다.
지문 내용과 선택지의 일치 또는 불일치 여부를 묻는 문항이 각각 한 문항씩 출제된다.
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 17쪽
2022 Glendale Vegan Festival에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
22053-0031
2022 Glendale Vegan Festival
To support your health, the environment, and animal welfare, try an all plant-based diet.
We invite you to our annual vegan celebration. You’ll fall in love with vegetables you’ve
never met before!
• When: Saturday, October 15 (10 a.m. – 6 p.m.)
(If it rains, the alternative date is October 22.)
• Where: Glendale Center Square
• Fees: Free Entry / $5 Parking
• Programs
– Meat-free food sampling
– Cooking demonstrations by noted chefs
– Lectures on health and nutrition
– Vibrant and colorful costume parade
• Bring your children. We lend vegetable or fruit costumes to them.
For more information, visit www.glendalevegan.org.
안내문 프레임-01
‌
행사이다. 프레임-01
① 해마다 열리는 안내문
안내문 프레임-01
안내문 프레임-01
안내문 프레임-01
안내문 프레임-01
‌
② 우천 시 10월 22일로 연기된다.
‌
③ 입장료를 내면 주차가 무료이다.
‌
④ 유명 요리사의 요리 시연 프로그램이 있다.
‌
⑤ 어린이에게 채소 의상이나 과일 의상을 대여해 준다.
Vocabulary in Context
32
책1.indb 32
 welfare 복지
 celebration 축전, 축하
 alternative 대체의, 대신의
 sampling 시식[시음](회)
 demonstration 시연, 시범 설명
 noted 유명한, 잘 알려져 있는
 vibrant 활기 넘치는, 강렬한
 costume 의상, 복장
EBS 수능완성 영어
2022-05-10 오후 7:14:33
www.ebsi.co.kr
Let’s Solve It with Strategies
실용문의 소재를 파악한다.
2022 Glendale 채식주의자 축제에 관한 안내문으로, 일시, 장소, 이용료, 프로그램, 의상 대여에 대한 정보가 제
시되어 있다.
글의 내용과 선택지의 정보를 꼼꼼히 비교하여 일치 여부를 판단한다.
① We invite you to our annual vegan celebration.
(저희의 연례 채식주의자 축전에 여러분을 초대합니다.  일치)
② If it rains, the alternative date is October 22.
(비가 온다면 대체 날짜는 10월 22일입니다.  일치)
③ Fees: Free Entry / $5 Parking
(이용료: 무료입장 / 주차료 5달러  불일치)
④ Cooking demonstrations by noted chefs
(유명 요리사의 요리 시연  일치)
⑤ Bring your children. We lend vegetable or fruit costumes to them.
(여러분의 아이들을 데려오세요. 저희는 채소 의상이나 과일 의상을 그들에게 빌려줍니다.  일치)
Step 2
Step 1
지문에 제시된 정보를 꼼꼼히 읽으면서 선택지와의 일치·불일치 여부를 파악한다.
이용료 중 입장은 무료이지만 주차는 5달러이므로, 안내문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은 ③이다.
Step 3
Vocabulary Review
괄호 안의 영영 풀이를 참고하여 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 Vocabulary in Context에서 찾아 쓰시오.
Answer & Translation
1. The state is still the main provider of
.
(services or money that are provided to help with people’s living
conditions and financial problems)
1. welfare | 국가는 여전히 복지의 주된
2. As the swimming course has no vacancy,
options are
yoga and boxing courses.
(different from something else and able to be used instead of it)
3. demonstration | 우리는 그 컴퓨터
제공자이다.
2. alternative | 수영 강좌는 빈자리가
없으니, 대체 선택 사항은 요가와 복싱
강좌이다.
3. We were given a brief
의 기능에 대해 간단한 시연을 받았다.
of the computer’s functions.
(an act of showing or explaining how something works or is done)
Chapter 07 실용문
책1.indb 33
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E
www.ebsi.co.kr
x e r c i s e s
01
22053-0032
02
22053-0033
South Bellmore Literary Cake Decorating Contest에 관한
다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
Yoyo Child’s Sewing Machine에 관한 다음 사용 설명서의 내
용과 일치하는 것은?
South Bellmore Literary Cake
Decorating Contest
Yoyo Child’s Sewing Machine
– A Yoyo child’s sewing machine is the perfect
starting point for any child age 6 and up who
is interested in learning to sew.
– The machine sews slower than regular machines,
decreasing the chance of accidents.
‌
Faculty, staff, students, and families are
welcome to participate in our first “book-themed”
cake decorating contest. All you need to do is
bake a cake and decorate it to represent a scene
from a favorite children’s book.
Date & Place
– Friday, November 11
– South Bellmore School Library Main Hall (1st
floor)
‌
‌
How to Participate
– Register on the library website (www.SBSL.
edu) by October 31.
– Bring your cake to the library by 9:00 a.m. on
the day of the contest.
‌
‌
Rules
– Participants may enter only one cake.
– Commercially decorated cakes are not
allowed!
– Anyone coming through the library will judge
the cakes by putting a token in the container
of the cake throughout the day. (Ties will be
broken by taste test by the official judges.)
– The winners will be announced on the library
website.
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
How to Sew with the Machine
1. Turn on the machine (this machine is battery
powered).
2. Lift the presser foot lever. It is located just
behind the needle and holds the fabric on the
machine.
3. Place the fabric under the needle and presser
foot lever.
4. Turn the handwheel on the right side of the
machine in a counter-clockwise motion.
5. Press the foot pedal gently with your foot to
begin sewing.
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
Warning
– Kids will still need supervision with operating
the machine.
– Do not attempt to sew with thick fabric; light
and medium-weight fabrics work best for the
machine.
‌
‌
For more information
– Visit our website (www.yoyofriendtoy.com)
or call 012–3422–4453.
‌
① 참가자는 어린이 책의 한 장면을 묘사하여 케이크를 장식한다.
‌
✽presser
② 참가 등록은 11월 11일까지 가능하다.
foot lever: (재봉틀의) 노루발
③ 행사 당일 오전 9시까지 케이크를 가지고 와야 한다.
① 일반 재봉틀과 동일한 속도로 작동한다.
④ 참가자는 하나의 케이크로만 참여할 수 있다.
② 콘센트에 연결하여 전원을 공급한다.
⑤ 동점일 경우 공식 심사위원의 맛 평가로 우열이 가려진다.
③ 천을 고정하는 노루발이 바늘 바로 앞에 있다.
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
④ 풋 페달을 밟으면 바느질이 멈춘다.
‌
⑤ 두꺼운 천의 바느질을 피해야 한다.
‌
34
책1.indb 34
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2022-05-10 오후 7:14:33
정답과 해설 17쪽
03
22053-0034
04
22053-0035
Oak Town Resident Meeting에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일
치하는 것은?
ABC Doors Warranty에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하지
않는 것은?
Oak Town Resident Meeting
ABC Doors Warranty
Saturday, November 26, 2022
Oak Town Community Center
Sign-in: 8:30 a.m.
Meeting: 9:00 a.m.
ABC Doors Inc. (“seller”) warrants the original
commercial purchaser (“buyer”) a product that
is free of defects in material and workmanship
for the time period set forth below.
Coffee and light refreshments will be provided.
No childcare will be available.
ABC Doors Warranty includes:
• Mechanical components for the period of
three years from the date of installation.
• Electrical components for the period of two
years from the date of installation.
• Labor is limited to one year from the date of
installation.
• All wear and tear items are excluded from the
limited warranty.
‌
‌
We will be electing 3 new resident board
members. The profiles of nominated candidates
can be found on our community website.
‌
‌
We will need at least 90 votes for the election
to be valid. If you are unable to attend, please
give signed authorization to someone you
trust to vote on your behalf. You can download
the authorization form from our community
website.
Claims: Claims under this limited warranty
shall be made within 10 days of the discovery
of a defect.
Tr a n s f e r a b i l i t y : T h i s w a r r a n t y i s n o t
transferable from the original buyer.
For additional information, please refer to our
community website, www.oaktown.com.
① 회의 시작 1시간 전부터 등록이 시작된다.
‌
② 커피와 다과를 제공하지 않는다.
‌
Not warranted: Seller does not warrant against;
(i) misuse of the product, (ii) failure to provide
preventive maintenance, (iii) natural disasters
(including flood, fire, and earthquake) or civil
disorder.
③ 회의가 진행되는 동안 아이 돌봄 서비스를 제공한다.
‌
④ 주민회 위원 3명을 투표로 새로 뽑는다.
‌
① 기계 부품은 설치일로부터 3년간 보증한다.
‌
⑤ 직접 투표만 인정되며, 대리 투표가 불가하다.
‌
② 전기 부품은 설치일로부터 2년간 보증한다.
③ 보증 기간 중 보상 청구는 결함이 발견된 날로부터 10일 이
‌
내에 해야 한다.
④ 제품의 소유주가 바뀌면 보증서는 바뀐 소유주에게 양도된다.
‌
⑤ 홍수, 화재, 지진 등의 자연재해로 인한 파손은 보증하지 않
‌
는다.
Chapter 07 실용문
책1.indb 35
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2022-05-10 오후 7:14:34
Chapter
08
어법
유형 소개
‌
■ 밑줄
친 부분 중 어법상 틀린 것을 찾는 유형과 (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법상 맞는 표현을 선택하는 유형이 있다.
‌
■ 문맥과
문장 구조에 비추어 어법상의 적절성을 판단하는 것이 문제 해결에 필수적이다.
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 19쪽
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
22053-0036
We are well aware that food contains energy. Yet how is the energy stored and how does it get
released into our bodies? ① Even more perplexing, how on earth is this linked to the energy in
steam locomotives and electricity supplies? Unrelated though these questions may sound, the
answers reveal a surprising unity. Ultimately the energy expressed in each of these contexts has
② its origin in a similar place: the arrangement of atoms within molecules. Foods, plants, coal,
oil — all these substances are composed of molecules made up of atoms. These molecules have
been formed in chemical reactions during which the atoms of the combining molecules ③ were
rearranged and locked together — rather as the character in a jack-in-the-box is pushed into the
box and the lid latched. In other words, energy gets stored up when things are pushed together
against a resistance and then firmly locked together. The energy in food and fuels is associated
with the way ④ which atoms hold together within molecules. This is similar to how the energy
of a jack-in-the-box is associated with the compressed spring ⑤ kept in place by the latched lid.
✽perplexing:
이해하기 어려운
✽✽locomotive:
기관차
✽✽✽latch:
걸쇠로 잠그다
Vocabulary in Context
 aware 알고 있는
 contain ~이 들어[함유되어] 있다
 release 방출하다
 linked 연관된
 unrelated 무관한, 관계없는
 unity 일관성, 통일성
 arrangement 배열, 배치
 atom 원자
 molecule 분자
 substance 물질
 be composed of ~로 구성되다
 chemical 화학의, 화학상의
 reaction 반응
 combine 결합하다, 합체하다
 jack-in-the-box 깜짝 장난감 상자(뚜껑을 열면 용수철에
 lid 뚜껑
달린 인형 등이 튀어나오게 되어 있음)
 associated 관련된
 fuel 연료
 compressed 압축된
 in place 제자리에 있는
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Let’s Solve It with Strategies
글의 중심 내용을 파악하면서 읽는다.
음식이나 연료에 함유된 에너지는 화학 반응을 통해 결합하는 분자를 이루는 원자의 배열이 바뀌고 고정되는 것과
관련이 있다.
Step 1
문맥과 문장 구조에 비추어 어법상 틀린 것을 판단한다.
① 비교급 more perplexing을 강조하는 부사 Even은 어법상 적절하다.
② 문맥상 its는 the energy를 가리키므로, 단수형의 소유격 its는 어법상 적절하다.
③ 원자가 재배열되고 함께 고정되는 화학 반응을 기술하는 관계절의 내용은 현재의 분자 구조가 만들어지기 위해
거쳤던 이전 과정이므로 과거시제를 나타내는 were는 어법상 적절하다.
④ the way를 수식하는 관계절에서 which 다음에 이어지는 절이 주어와 자동사(목적어가 필요 없음)로 이루어진
완전한 구조이므로 관계부사나 「전치사+관계대명사」가 올 수 있는데, 관계부사 how는 선행사 the way와 함께
사용되지 않으므로 「전치사+관계대명사」 구조인 in which가 와야 한다.
→ 따라서 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은 ④이다.
⑤ 분사구의 수식을 받는 명사구(the compressed spring)가 keep의 대상으로 해석되므로, 수동의 의미를 나타
내는 과거분사 kept는 어법상 적절하다.
‌
‌
‌
Step 3
문장 구조에 비추어 밑줄 친 부분이 문장에서 하는 역할을 파악한다.
① 비교급을 강조하는 부사
② 대명사의 소유격
③ 술어동사
④ 관계사
⑤ 명사구를 수식하는 분사구
Step 2
Vocabulary Review
괄호 안의 영영 풀이를 참고하여 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 Vocabulary in Context에서 찾아 쓰시오.
Answer & Translation
1. Try to avoid foods which
a lot of fat.
(to have something inside or include something as a part)
1. contain | 지방이 많이 함유된 음식은
2. His recent travel is
(having no connection)
3. arrangement | 원한다면 가구 배치
피하려고 노력하라.
2. unrelated | 그의 최근 여행은 그의
일과 관련이 없다.
3. You can change the
to his job.
를 바꿀 수 있다.
of the furniture if you want.
(something made by putting things together and organizing them)
Chapter 08 어법
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01
22053-0037
(A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한
것은?
22053-0038
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Understanding why you do something and how
it fits into the big picture of (A) what / which
you are trying to accomplish makes it seem more
worthwhile. You won’t want to quit an endeavor
if you think that it is getting you somewhere. You
don’t even have to see instant gratification and
Despite our fingers ① being at the ends of our
hands, few scientists have thought much about their
design and why we have soft finger pads. Physics
textbooks tell us that harder, rougher surfaces
should provide the best grip because the projections
interlock with ② those on the substrate. However,
this is plainly untrue if the substrate you are trying
goal completion to know that you are on the right
track. Assigning value and remembering how
each thing you do (B) tie / ties into your main
goal is very important because it helps you feel
that you are doing well just by working. There
is a point to everything you do, so every action
you take is valuable. An example of this concept
at work would be when you feel that the classes
you are taking for your degree are pointless.
( C ) Remember / Remembering t h a t t h e y a r e
to grip is smooth; think how ③ easily hobnailed
boots slip across smooth rocks. Counterintuitively,
the key to getting a better grip on a smooth surface
is not ④ used a hard material such as a claw, but
a soft one, such as skin. This increases friction
because a soft material deforms to the shape of
⑤ the other surface, so a large area is in contact,
maximizing the interatomic forces between the two
surfaces. The softer the material, the more it can
deform and the larger the contact area.
not pointless, because they are leading to your
graduation, which in turn will lead to your dream
job in the field of your interest.
✽gratification:
(A)
① what
② what
③ what
④ which
⑤ which
38
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02
……
……
……
……
……
(B)
tie
ties
ties
tie
ties
……
……
……
……
……
✽substrate:
접착면
✽✽hobnailed:
징을 박은
✽✽✽deform:
변형되다
만족감
(C)
Remember
Remember
Remembering
Remembering
Remembering
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정답과 해설 19쪽
03
22053-0039
(A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한
것은?
Horizontal spread, in the form of independent
homes on stretches of land, at low densities, means
high costs for development. It also means higher
energy consumption for transportation and the
distribution of electricity and water. (A) It / What
is in this context that patterns of group housing
have validity as a system for housing provision.
Such patterns (B) make / are made possible a more
intensive utilization of land by building dwelling
units as joined structures, both horizontally and
vertically, which share land and common services
and amenities. By far the most significant reason
to expect a growing acceptance of group housing
is the increasing difficulty for low-to-middle-class
people (C) build / to build homes individually.
This is true for concentrations of better job-seeking
ambitious groups in an urban area. That is an
important determinant which is given special
consideration but affected by urban situations,
marginalized income levels, and expenditure
patterns of these groups.
✽amenity:
‌
‌
(A)
① It
② It
③ It
④ What
⑤ What
……
……
……
……
……
(B)
make
are made
make
are made
make
……
……
……
……
……
생활 편의 시설
(C)
build
build
to build
to build
to build
04
22053-0040
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Some crises are not acted upon because the
stakeholders involved cannot attract attention to
their difficult situation. They fail to frame the
issue of their concern in ① such terms that others
understand and share the nature of the threat, sense
the urgency, and act accordingly. In October 2003,
the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
warned ② that abnormal rains had created ideal
breeding grounds for locusts in the Atlas mountain
ridge of Northern Africa. Nothing happened and
the crisis unfolded as ③ predicted. In the summer
of 2004, the locust swarms invaded the African
north-west, destroying the livelihood of small
farmers. ④ Though clearly communicated and
accurate warnings, a preventable crisis was allowed
to wreak havoc in the region. Similarly, it wasn’t
until the December 2004 tsunami had triggered the
greatest natural disaster in recorded history that
policy makers in the Indian Ocean region decided
to set up an early-warning system similar to the
one already operating in the Pacific, ⑤ which
presumably would have saved many thousands of
lives.
✽stakeholder:
✽✽locust: 메뚜기
havoc: 막대한 손해를 끼치다
이해 당사자
✽✽✽wreak
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Chapter
09
어휘
유형 소개
‌
■ 문맥상
적절한 낱말을 파악하는 유형으로, 밑줄 친 부분 중 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것을 고르는 유형과 세 개의 네모 안에
각각 두 개씩 주어진 낱말 중에서 문맥에 맞는 것을 고르는 유형이 있다.
‌
■ 밑줄이나
네모 안에 제시된 낱말의 의미가 글의 전체 흐름 속에서 자연스러운지 파악하는 것이 중요하다.
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 22쪽
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?
22053-0041
While hunting is an important activity in hunter-gatherer subsistence, successful hunters, who
may naturally be pleased with themselves, are expected to show humility and gentleness. To the
Ju/wasi, for example, announcing a kill is a sign of arrogance and is strongly ① discouraged.
Many good hunters also do no hunting at all for weeks or months at a time. After a run
of successful hunts a hunter will ② stop hunting in order to give other men the chance to
reciprocate. A hunter’s success might be ③ appreciated up to a point, but too much success
might draw the envy and bitterness of others. One of the contradictions in the communal life of
hunter-gatherers is the pressure on the one hand to prove oneself by hunting and to be generous,
and the counterpressure on the other against being too ④ unsuccessful. To solve this problem,
bursts of active hunting are ⑤ alternated by periods of inactivity “to cool their hearts and make
them gentle.”
✽subsistence:
생계
✽✽reciprocate:
(비슷한 행동으로) 호응하다, 대응하다
Vocabulary in Context
 humility 겸손
 gentleness 관대함, 온화함
 arrogance 오만함
 discourage 만류하다, 말리다
 appreciate 높이 평가하다
 envy 질투
 contradiction 모순, 반대되는 말
 communal 공동의
 counterpressure 반대 압력, 역압
 burst 한바탕(~을 하는 것)
 alternate 번갈아 나오게 하다, 번갈아 하다
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Let’s Solve It with Strategies
글의 도입부에서 중심 소재와 글의 주제를 파악한다.
중심 소재: 수렵 채집 사회 사냥꾼의 겸손과 관대함
주제: 사냥에서 거둔 성공에 대한 겸손과 관대함의 강조
Step 1
밑줄 친 낱말이 들어 있는 문장 앞뒤에서 단서를 찾아 의미의 적절성을 파악한다.
① discouraged: 성공을 거둔 사냥꾼은 겸손과 관대함을 보여야 한다는 맥락이므로 오만함은 만류되어야 한다.
그러므로 discouraged는 적절하다.
② stop: 다른 사람에게도 사냥에 성공할 기회를 주려 한다는 맥락일 것이므로, ‘멈추다’라는 의미인 stop은 적절
하다.
③ appreciated: 사냥꾼의 성공은 당연히 기쁨과 자랑스러움을 느끼게 하는 것이지만 너무 큰 성공을 거두면 역효
과가 날 수 있다는 맥락이므로, ‘높이 평가되는’의 뜻인 appreciated는 적절하다.
④ unsuccessful: 수렵 채집인의 공동생활에서 사냥을 잘하고 사냥에 성공하여 얻은 고기를 관대하게 나누라는
압력이 있을 것이고, 한편으로는 너무 큰 성공을 거두어 질투심을 유발하지 말라는 압력이 있을 것이므로, ‘성공
하지 못하는’이라는 의미의 unsuccessful은 적절하지 않다.
⑤ alternated: 사냥에 성공한 다음에는 잠시 사냥을 멈추고 다른 사람에게도 사냥할 기회를 준다는 맥락이다. 활
동적인 사냥은 비활동의 시기로 이어질 것이므로, ‘번갈아 나오게 된다’라는 의미를 가진 alternated는 적절
하다.
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
Step 2
문맥상 적절하지 않은 낱말에 대해 그것을 대체할 수 있는 낱말이 무엇인지 생각해 본다.
수렵 채집인의 공동생활에는 한편으로 사냥을 통해 자신을 입증하고 관대하라는 압력과 다른 한편으로 너무 크게
사냥에 성공하는 것을 막는 반대 압력이 있는 모순이 있다는 내용이 전개되어야 전체적인 글의 흐름과 일치하므로,
④의 unsuccessful을 ‘성공하는’이라는 의미의 successful과 같은 낱말로 바꿔야 한다.
Step 3
Vocabulary Review
괄호 안의 영영 풀이를 참고하여 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 Vocabulary in Context에서 찾아 쓰시오.
Answer & Translation
1. The
of the great singer made her more attractive.
(the quality or state of being humble)
1. humility | 그 위대한 가수의 겸손은
그녀를 더 매력적으로 만들었다.
2. contradiction | 모순은 망치가 무겁
게 만들어져야 하지만, 그것을 더 쉽게
2. The
is that the hammer should be made heavy, but to
improve its handling it should be made light.
(a situation in which inherent factors are contrary to one another)
3. There aren’t enough supplies, so we have to
다룰 수 있게 하려면 가볍게 만들어져야
한다는 것이다.
3. alternate | 물자가 충분하지 않으므
로 우리는 번갈아 가면서 해야 한다.
.
(to take turns)
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01
22053-0042
22053-0043
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은
것은?
(A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한
것은?
Whenever there is an area of the brain with
underactivation, there is usually overactivation in
other regions. The term for this is compensation.
For example, when a ① blind individual does
something that should involve sight, there is
underactivation in regions of the brain involved in
L e t ’s b e c l e a r a b o u t o n e t h i n g : i t ’s
(A) convenient / inconvenient to keep north
consistently at the top of a map: you don’t have
to check the compass symbol printed on the map
every time. But north doesn’t have to be given
pride of place. In some earlier centuries east got
vision and overactivation in the areas governing the
other senses. This same process of compensation
is present with the ② poor reader: the reduction in
the parietal and occipital lobes (two regions which
play a significant role in the reading process) is
accompanied by increased activation in the left
prefrontal area. Compensation related to reading
can be harmful because it ③ maintains the natural
reading progression that has evolved since the
beginning of reading. ④ Established pathways are
usually the most efficient in accomplishing a task.
Consider someone who suffers a stroke and loses
specific physical movements. If the regions of
the brain responsible for those actions cannot be
repaired, the brain will seek alternative pathways
to restore the physical motion. However, even if
restored, it is ⑤ unlikely that the process will be
as efficient as the procedure that has evolved over
millions of years of brain evolution.
top billing, and our continuing use of terms like
“let’s get oriented” (B) reflects / violates that
practice. (“Orient” refers to east; get east right
and everything else falls into place.) One of
Mercator’s own maps — of the British Isles — has
west uppermost. South has often been set at the
top; that practice is sometimes still followed by
organizations that cater to motorists, including the
American and Canadian Automobile Associations.
So even for drivers heading to Florida, south may
be “on top.” Some software allows you to print
strip maps either “up” or “down” — whatever
“feels” right, based on the direction you are going
in. All of this points to a fundamental fact: what
goes “up” owes (C) more / less to convention and
lobe: 두정엽
✽✽occipital
lobe: 후두엽
✽✽✽prefrontal:
42
전전두엽의
personal convenience than to any requirements of
cartographic science.
✽billing:
자리, 위치
✽✽strip
map: 주요 도로 지도
✽✽✽cartographic:
(A)
① convenient
② convenient
③ convenient
④ inconvenient
⑤ inconvenient
✽parietal
책1.indb 42
02
……
……
……
……
……
(B)
reflects
violates
reflects
violates
reflects
……
……
……
……
……
지도 제작(상)의
(C)
more
less
less
less
more
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정답과 해설 22쪽
03
22053-0044
04
22053-0045
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은
것은?
(A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한
것은?
Individuals’ beliefs about themselves are not
set in concrete — but neither are they easily
changed. People are strongly ① motivated to
maintain a consistent view of the self across
time and situations. Thus, once the self-concept
is established, the individual has a tendency to
People obviously prefer to enter into relationships
a n d a l l i a n c e s w i t h p e o p l e w h o b e h ave i n
cooperative, reciprocating, and mutually beneficial
ways and to avoid relationships with those who
exploit or disadvantage them. Thus, people are
highly (A) sensitive / insensitive to the degree
preserve and defend it. In the context of this
② instability, however, self-beliefs do have a certain
dynamic quality. For example, when coupled
with ③ educational strategies, “academic possible
selves” led to positive changes in planning, test
scores, grades, and attendance in a sample of
low-income minority youth. Individuals with
academic or career-oriented possible selves are
also ④ more persistent when it comes to scholastic
achievement than those with different self-goals.
Self-concepts seem to be most susceptible to
change when people shift from an important and
familiar social setting to an unfamiliar one, such
as when they go off to college or to a new city
for their first “real” job. ⑤ Uncertainty can be
motivating, leading to productive behavior if people
believe they have the skills necessary to tackle
desired goals.
to which others violate basic norms regarding
social exchange and exclude those who do so. For
example, we tend to avoid, if not reject, people who
(B) violate / follow norms of reciprocity, fairness,
in-group loyalty, sharing, and trustworthiness.
Such actions on the part of other people harm one’s
fitness greatly and would have presumably done so
throughout evolutionary history. As a result, people
may possess adaptations that help them to monitor
and respond to others’ unfair, selfish, dishonest, and
otherwise disadvantageous actions. The fact that no
otherwise normal adult is (C) indifferent / opposed
✽susceptible:
민감한
to being taken advantage of, betrayed, or treated
unfairly or selfishly suggests that such concerns are
a part of human nature.
✽reciprocate:
(A)
① sensitive
② sensitive
③ sensitive
④ insensitive
⑤ insensitive
……
……
……
……
……
(B)
follow
violate
violate
follow
violate
……
……
……
……
……
주고받다, 보답하다
(C)
indifferent
indifferent
opposed
opposed
opposed
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Chapter
10
빈칸 추론 (1)
유형 소개
‌
■ 필자가
‌
■ 글의
말하고자 하는 핵심 내용이나 그와 관련된 내용을 나타내는 압축된 단어 또는 짧은 어구가 빈칸으로 제시되는 유형이다.
주제 및 중심 생각을 정확히 파악하여 빈칸에 들어갈 말과 연결시켜야 한다.
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 25쪽
다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
22053-0046
A threat to existence can make some genetic mutations
in the long term. This
can be true even for simple animal or plant life. Imagine, for example, that a huge population
of algae has been living for many generations in a freshwater pool. Then some natural disaster
happens that turns the fresh water salty. The vast majority of algae die out because their genes
had evolved to keep them alive in fresh water. But a few lucky algae had randomly inherited
mutant DNA that allowed them to adapt to a new life in salty water. The surviving algae then
produce offspring that are better suited to the challenging new environment. Their numbers
grow, and over time the population stabilizes. Eventually, a new saltwater species of algae
evolves. The same challenge would confront the fish, frogs, water snakes, insects, and all other
life forms that inhabited that freshwater pool. Nature “selects” those individual organisms that
are best equipped to survive. An adaptation is any inherited characteristic that helps an organism
survive and reproduce in its environment.
✽alga:
조류(藻類) ( pl. algae)
‌
① advantageous
② cooperative
‌
③ avoidable
‌
④ inactive
‌
⑤ scarce
Vocabulary in Context
44
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 genetic mutation 유전적 돌연변이
 population 개체군
 freshwater 민물의
 die out 멸종되다
 randomly 무작위로, 임의로
 inherit (신체적 특성 등을 유전적으로) 물려받다
 mutant 돌연변이의
 offspring 자손, 후예, (동물의) 새끼
 stabilize 안정되다
 confront (문제나 힘든 상황이) 닥치다
 inhabit 서식하다, 살다
 organism 유기체
 adaptation 적응성, 적응 과정
 reproduce 번식하다
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Let’s Solve It with Strategies
빈칸에 들어갈 말을 파악하는 데 도움이 되는 단서를 찾는다.
1. 민물의 웅덩이에 여러 세대 동안 살아온 조류에게 민물을 짜게 만드는 자연재해 발생 → 대부분의 조류는 멸종
‌
Step 2
글 전체를 훑어 읽으면서 글의 소재와 중심 생각을 파악한다.
글의 소재: 유전적 돌연변이
글의 중심 생각: 새로운 환경에 적응하게 돕는 유전적 돌연변이는 유기체의 생존과 번식에 도움이 된다.
Step 1
하게 됨.
‌
2. 염수에서 적응할 수 있도록 해 주는 돌연변이 DNA를 무작위로 물려받은 몇몇 조류 → 살아남아서 새로운 환경
에 더 적합한 자손을 번식하고, 시간이 지나면서 개체군은 안정됨.
찾은 단서를 종합하여 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 선택지를 고른다.
민물을 짜게 만드는 자연재해가 발생한 경우, 대부분의 조류는 멸종하지만 염수에 적응할 수 있도록 해 주는 돌연
변이를 갖고 있던 몇몇 조류는 살아남아 새로운 환경에 적합한 자손을 만들게 된다는 내용이다. 따라서 빈칸에 들
어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은 ① ‘유리한’이다.
② 협력하는
③ 피할 수 있는
④ 비활성의
⑤ 드문
Step 3
‌
3. 결국 새로운 염수 조류 종이 진화하게 됨.
Vocabulary Review
괄호 안의 영영 풀이를 참고하여 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 Vocabulary in Context에서 찾아 쓰시오.
Answer & Translation
1. The cat seemed alarmed when people came too close to her
.
(the immediate descendant or descendants of a person, animal, etc.)
1. offspring | 그 고양이는 사람들이 자
2. A germ is a very small living
that causes disease.
(an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form)
3. reproduce | 대부분의 식물은 자신의
신의 새끼에게 너무 가까이 왔을 때 불
안해 보였다.
2. organism | 세균은 질병을 일으키는
매우 작은 살아 있는 유기체이다.
3. Most plants
종자를 퍼뜨려서 번식한다.
by spreading their seeds.
(to have offspring or produce more individuals of a given animal or plant)
Chapter 10 빈칸 추론 (1)
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02
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다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
When we’re able to rest and be lazy, we can
learn new things about ourselves, or have fantastic
insights that would never have occurred to us when
we were focused on work. Psychologists who study
creativity are often very interested in these big “aha”
moments and have put a lot of effort into studying
what a person can do to promote them. It turns out
All design involves choice, and the choices often
have to be made to satisfy competing constraints.
Building a two-car attached garage beside a house
that is only a single car width from the property
line presents a design problem with seemingly
incompatible constraints. There are solutions,
but all involve
, which leads to
that laziness is one of the most effective steps to
getting there. Moments of insight and creativity
don’t come by trying to force them — they require
a period of mental
. Good ideas
often come to us when we’ve stopped trying to
come up with them, such as when we’re in the
shower or on a leisurely walk. While it seems like
these ideas have come out of nowhere, the truth is
that our minds have been quietly and unconsciously
developing them during our downtime.
a less than ideal solution. One would be to build
the garage well behind the house, connected to it
by a breezeway, but this would necessitate using
considerable space in the backyard, where the
driveway would have to be doubled in width,
something that might be undesirable. Another
solution would be to build a garage one car width
wide but two car lengths deep. This two-car garage
need not encroach upon the backyard at all, but
it would necessitate moving one car whenever it
blocked the exit of the other. The designer must
always make choices within constraints, hard and
soft.
‌‌
① practice
‌
② analysis
③ inactivity
‌
✽breezeway:
옥외 통로
✽✽encroach:
침범하다
④ breakdown
‌
① confusion
‌
⑤ concentration
② expansion
③ objectivity
④ disturbance
‌
⑤ compromise
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정답과 해설 25쪽
03
22053-0049
04
22053-0050
다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
There was considerable
to
the introduction of Hindu-Arabic numerals in
Europe in the Middle Ages. The ease with which
arithmetic could be carried out with the new
number system made it attractive. As Hindu-Arabic
numbers threatened to democratize numeracy they
were demonized by those who had an interest in
Some biologists have argued that the native/
nonnative distinction is already no longer
practically useful, and that adherence to it fosters
presumptions about ecological risk that lead to
poor management decisions, such as using scarce
resources in unlikely-to-succeed attempts to try
to control or eliminate nonnative species that are
restricting numeracy and retaining it as a special
tool of the elite. If mathematics were opened up
to everyone, a source of power would be lost.
The Catholic Church wanted to keep control of
education by maintaining its hold on numbers, and
in addition opposed the system from the Islamic
world on religious grounds. Mathematicians who
practiced the mysterious systems of mathematics
using an abacus were protected by the Church. So
strong was the opposition to the popularization of
Hindu-Arabic numerals that, it is said, some poor
souls were even burned at the stake as heretics for
using them.
not really ecologically problematic. Advocates
of this view propose that instead of evaluating
species on the basis of their
,
ecosystem managers should focus on the actual
impacts that they are having on the system, as
well as on whether they have traits that make
them likely to diffuse rapidly through disturbed or
highly dynamic ecological systems. Moreover, they
emphasize that the organism and group traits that
foster rapid diffusion of a species population under
those conditions, and therefore are indicators of a
population’s likelihood of becoming ecologically
problematic, are the same for native and nonnative
species. Therefore, they conclude, knowing whether
✽demonize:
악마화하다
‌‌
① urgency
‌
② mystery
주판
✽✽✽heretic:
이교도, 이단자
a species is native or nonnative does not provide
much, if any, pertinent information about its likely
future ecological impacts.
✽diffuse:
‌
③ variation
✽✽abacus:
확산되다, 퍼지다
✽✽pertinent:
관련된, 적절한
‌
④ resistance
① life cycles
‌
‌
⑤ assistance
‌
② eating habits
‌
③ place of origin
‌
④ ways of hunting
‌
⑤ physical appearance
Chapter 10 빈칸 추론 (1)
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Chapter
11
빈칸 추론 (2)
유형 소개
논리적 흐름을 파악하여 빈칸에 들어가기에 적절한 긴 어구나 문장을 추론하는 능력을 측정하는 유형이다.
■ 글의
중심 내용과 관련된 부분이 주로 빈칸으로 제시되기 때문에, 글의 주제와 요지를 정확하게 파악하는 것이 문제 해결에 필수적이다.
‌
‌
■ 글의
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 28쪽
다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
22053-0051
Many of us use a calendar to keep track of appointments, deadlines, tasks, and other things
we need to remember and make time for. Whether you’re the only one in charge of what gets
put on that calendar or there are others booking time on your behalf, isn’t it amazing how easy
it is to give an entire day to other people, only to wind up feeling like you have no time for
yourself? Occasionally, of course, losing control of your own schedule is unavoidable. But when
it becomes the norm,
. When we don’t get
any time to recharge, we can begin to feel overwhelmed, stressed out, and anxious about how
and when (and whether) everything will fit into place. It can also make us physically exhausted,
which can lead to even more bad news for our mental health and impair our cognitive function
and immune system.
‌‌
① you won’t have a healthy relationship with others
‌
② it doesn’t help reduce boredom and stress in your life
‌
③ it can take a serious toll on your health and well-being
‌
④ it will finally make your financial situation much worse
‌
⑤ you are less likely to feel motivated to achieve something
Vocabulary in Context
48
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 calendar 달력, 일정표
 keep track of ~을 놓치지 않다[추적하다]
 deadline 마감일
 in charge of ~을 담당하고 있는[맡고 있는]
 on one’s behalf ~ 대신에
 wind up 결국 ~하게 되다
 unavoidable 피할 수 없는
 norm 일반적인 것, 규범, 기준
 overwhelmed 압도당하는
 fit into place 딱 들어맞다
 exhausted 지친, 탈진한
 impair 손상시키다
 cognitive 인지의
 immune 면역의
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Let’s Solve It with Strategies
글 초반부에서 글의 소재를 파악한 후, 중심 내용이 흘러가는 방향을 잘 따라간다.
글의 소재: 일정 관리를 위한 달력 사용
주요 흐름: 달력을 이용한 일정 관리 → 자신을 위한 시간 부족 → 일정 통제 못하는 경우의 반복 → 빈칸 → 재충
전 시간 부족으로 인한 정신적, 신체적 피로 → 인지 기능과 면역 체계 손상
‌
Step 1
빈칸 전후에서 결정적 단서가 될 수 있는 내용을 찾는다.
빈칸 바로 앞의 But when it becomes the norm에서 it은 앞 문장의 losing control of your own schedule을
지칭한다. 이는 곧 자신을 재충전할 시간을 갖지 못하는 것을 의미한다.
Step 2
정답의 단서를 염두에 두고 선택지를 살펴본 후 정답을 결정한다.
빈칸 이후에 전개되는 내용이 재충전 시간의 부족으로 인한 정신 건강과 신체 건강의 손상을 담고 있으므로, 빈칸
에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은 ③ ‘그것은 여러분의 건강과 행복에 심각한 타격을 입힐 수 있다’이다. 오답 선택
지의 내용들은 빈칸 이후에 전개되는 내용과 관련이 없다.
① 여러분은 다른 사람들과 건전한 관계를 갖지 못할 것이다
② 그것은 여러분의 삶에서 지루함과 스트레스를 줄이는 데 도움이 되지 않는다
④ 그것은 마침내 여러분의 재정 상황을 훨씬 더 악화시킬 것이다
⑤ 여러분은 무언가를 성취하고자 하는 의욕을 느낄 가능성이 더 적다
Step 3
Vocabulary Review
괄호 안의 영영 풀이를 참고하여 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 Vocabulary in Context에서 찾아 쓰시오.
Answer & Translation
1. Natural disasters such as earthquakes and hurricanes are
(impossible to avoid or prevent)
.
1. unavoidable | 지진이나 허리케인
같은 자연재해는 피할 수 없다.
2. cognitive | 일상의 경험은 아이의 인
지 발달에 영향을 미칠 수 있다.
2. Everyday experiences can impact a child’s
(relating to or involving conscious mental activities)
3. This blood test will show whether you’re
development.
3. immune | 이 혈액 검사는 당신이
그 병에 면역이 되었는지를 보여 줄 것
이다.
to the disease.
(not capable of being affected by a disease)
Chapter 11 빈칸 추론 (2)
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x e r c i s e s
01
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02
22053-0053
다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
We believe that modern sport psychologists —
given that they have the professional background
— should not be exclusively focused on just
one approach, but that they should be flexible in
applying the approach that best fits the problem
and the individual. Even though an athlete might
expect to be taught specific psychological skills,
Why is it better to let a human have the last
say? Nobody now decides whether a human can
obtain a driver’s license based on his or her set of
ethics, let alone the human’s ability to make ethical
decisions quickly and wisely. Moreover, when an
accident requires a split-second decision, no human
has the capacity to call up judgment, mercy, or
no basis for a trustful relationship can be created
if the athlete does not feel understood and is not
taken seriously, but merely provided with standard
solutions. A modern sport psychologist needs to
. In some
cases, an expert for mental skills is needed and
in other cases, a process-oriented companion is
called for. Depending on the existing motives,
potentials and deficits, sport psychologists
contribute to the development of alternatives in an
appreciative manner. As Monika Liesenfeld states,
“Sport psychologists provide as much security as
necessary and as few prefabricated solutions as
possible. Sport psychologists are custom tailors
compassion from within the recesses of his or her
brain, analyze the situation, and have the reaction
time necessary to aim the car in the direction called
for by that analysis. In fact, studies of humans
faced with an unavoidable fatal accident involving
a choice of victims repeatedly show that humans
react slowly, irrationally, and inconsistently when
faced with this ethical dilemma. Why then would
society take the decision away from an autonomous
vehicle on the grounds that a vehicle cannot make
an ethical decision, and give it to a human who
is at least as ill-equipped to do so? Thus, it is
irrational to suggest that autonomous vehicles must
with partial standardisations.”
life-or-death decision has to be made.
✽prefabricated:
if a
✽recess:
사전에 만들어진
깊은 곳
② adapt his or her role to the specific situation
② exclude irrelevant agents from the evaluation
③ give his or her clients permission to talk freely
process
③ estimate the potential damage of the ongoing
accident
④ be equipped to make the same ethical decisions
as humans
⑤ automatically turn over driving to humans
immediately
‌
⑤ keep secret any information about his or her
‌
‌
‌
clients
‌
‌
‌
‌
④ collect a variety of data for his or her research
‌‌
① simultaneously process all activities on the road
‌‌
① emphasize his or her unique qualifications
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04
22053-0055
다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
At one time,
,
with or without supporting evidence. Thus it
was that at the annual meeting of the American
Association for the Advancement of Science
(AAAS) in 1974, a panel of scientists took aim
at the ‘organic food myth’, calling it ‘scientific
nonsense’ and the domain of ‘food faddists and
Art (and music) has shown itself to be incapable
of providing sufficient protection against
barbarianism, and maybe it is true that culture is
merely nail polish on the claws of the barbarians. A
well-known objection in discussions concerning the
claim that
involves the numerous examples of evil among
eccentrics’, and blaming ‘pseudoscientists’ for
confusing the public and thus scaring them into
paying more for food. They also said that the
‘organic myth was counterproductive to human
welfare, because the myth leads to a rejection
of procedures that are needed for the production
of nutritious food at maximum efficiency’
and was ‘eroding gains of decades of farming
advancements’. Yet, 7 years later, the journal of
this same AAAS published a major research paper
that found organic farms to be highly efficient
and economically competitive while using less
fossil energy and suffering less soil erosion than
neighbouring conventional farms.
“cultivated” people. The ultimate argument is
made through stories about how “prominent Nazi
leaders managed concentration camps with one
hand and read Goethe with the other; shut one
ear to the sound of the captive’s cries in pain and
despair and listened to Bach and Beethoven with
the other.” Ultimately, it may be argued that how
we read and listen is also crucial, not just what we
✽faddist:
일시적인 유행을 따르는 사람
✽✽eccentric:
괴짜
read and listen to. It is only when we let art and
music shake, disquiet, and challenge us in relation
to conventional “truths” and values that they can
unfold their transformative potential. Only then
can they “cultivate capacities of judgement and
sensitivity that can and should be expressed in the
choices a citizen makes.”
✽barbarianism:
① organic farming was fair game for attacks
‌‌
✽✽concentration
camp: 강제 수용소
‌
② people doubted the significance of farming
야만, 미개
‌
① works of art cannot be morally evaluated
‌
③ conventional farming seemed to be suspended
‌
② experiencing art is a highly personal matter
‌
④ experts advocated organic methods in agriculture
‌
③ there is no distinctive hierarchy among cultures
‌
⑤ organic products were regarded as fully
④ art education can improve children’s social skills
‌
developed
‌
⑤ art and literature contribute to our moral
development
Chapter 11 빈칸 추론 (2)
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Chapter
12
함축 의미 추론
유형 소개
함축하고 있는 밑줄 친 부분의 의미를 글의 문맥을 통해 추론하는 유형이다.
■ 밑줄
친 부분을 직역한 후, 그것이 글 전체의 문맥 속에서 어떤 의미로 사용되었는지를 파악해야 한다.
‌
‌
■ 뜻을
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 32쪽
밑줄 친 Meaning is made, not found.가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
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The language of ‘pets’ uses the obvious similarities between humans and other animals to
provide a foundation for kinship. ‘Pets’ may enjoy the same ethical consideration as family
members: to be fed when hungry, protected from cold, treated when ill. In many ways, they
are guest members of human culture. However, this is a human choice. If we wish to eat the
animal or wear its skin, it would not be desirable to speak of ‘it’ as gendered or as a member
of the family. So we usually use a language which tacitly emphasises human uniqueness rather
than the features we share with other animals. The potential ethical difficulty of eating a family
member is thereby avoided. Within each discourse, our ethical choices are coded within the tacit
meanings of the language itself, so that they appear to be natural rather than chosen. But there is
no ‘natural’ or neutral way to talk ethically about animals. Meaning is made, not found.
✽tacitly:
암묵적으로
‌
① For animals, we are only animals of another species.
② Too many opinions are being raised about animal ethics.
③ The argument for perceiving animals as resources is gaining ground.
④ Having animals as family members makes our lives more meaningful.
⑤ We give animals different values of existence depending on the situation.
Vocabulary in Context
 foundation 토대
 kinship 연대감, 친족
 ethical 윤리적인
 consideration 배려, 숙고
 desirable 바람직한
 gendered 성별을 반영한
 emphasise 강조하다
 uniqueness 유일함, 개성
 code 암호화하다
 resource 자원
 ground 근거, 이유
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Let’s Solve It with Strategies
글의 중심 소재를 파악한다.
글의 도입부에서 ‘반려동물’이라는 단어가 내포하는 의미를 설명하면서 인간과 동물과의 유사성을 거론하는 것으로
보아 중심 소재는 인간과 동물에 대한 정의라는 것을 알 수 있다.
Step 1
글의 논리적 전개를 따라가며 글의 중심 생각과 밑줄 친 부분의 함축 의미를 파악한다.
도입부 이후, 네 번째 문장(However, this is ~.)에서 글의 흐름은 전환되며, 인간의 동물에 대한 정의는 상황과
조건에 따라서 달라지는 인간의 선택에 의한 것이라는 글의 중심 생각이 드러난다. 이런 내용을 고려하면 밑줄 친
부분은 인간이 상황에 따라 동물에게 다른 의미를 부여하고 있음을 의미한다는 것을 알 수 있다.
Step 2
파악한 함축 의미를 가장 잘 표현하는 선택지를 찾는다.
인간은 ‘반려동물’이라는 단어를 사용하면서 동물을 인간 문화의 손님처럼 정의하기도 하지만, 동물을 자원으로 이
용할 때에는 인간의 유일함을 강조하는 경향이 있다고 했으므로, 밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은
⑤ ‘우리는 동물에게 상황에 따라 다른 존재 가치를 부여한다.’이다.
① 동물들에게, 우리는 다른 종의 동물일 뿐이다.
② 동물 윤리에 대한 너무 많은 의견이 제기되고 있다.
③ 동물을 자원으로 인식하자는 주장이 근거를 얻고 있다.
④ 동물을 가족 구성원으로 대하는 것은 우리 삶을 더욱 의미 있게 한다.
Step 3
Vocabulary Review
괄호 안의 영영 풀이를 참고하여 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 Vocabulary in Context에서 찾아 쓰시오.
Answer & Translation
1. For this issue, using the traditional approach would be a more
choice.
(worth having or wanting)
1. desirable | 이 문제에 있어서, 전통적
인 접근 방식을 사용하는 것이 더 바람
직한 선택일 것이다.
2. emphasise | 당신은 글에서 어떤 단
어를 강조하기 위해 이탤릭체나 대문자
2. You can use italics or capitals to
a word in a piece of
writing.
(to show that something is very important or worth giving attention to)
3. The local public library is a valuable
를 사용할 수 있다.
3. resource | 지역 공공 도서관은 아이
들에게 유용한 자원이다.
for children.
(a useful or valuable possession)
Chapter 12 함축 의미 추론
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밑줄 친 ‘less is more’ gave way to ‘more and more’가 다음
글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
밑줄 친 meet those writers more than halfway가 다음 글에
서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
There was, perhaps, no better indicator of the
change in consumption culture than the shift in
the meaning of the word ‘consumption’ itself.
After centuries in which the body politic had been
modelled on the human body, the consumption
of goods began to be distinguished from its
To understand difficult passages, you need to
translate them into your own words — to build a
bridge, in effect, between the passage’s unfamiliar
terms and ones more familiar to you. Building
such a bridge should help you connect what
you already know to what the author is saying
epistemological cousin, consumption as a wasting
disease. Personal excess, of course, continued
to attract moral critics, but it was no longer a
dangerous social disease. Instead, a chorus of
new voices defended man’s appetite for more as
the impetus of human advancement. Here was a
fundamental transformation, overturning centuries
of received wisdom: ‘less is more’ gave way to
‘more and more’. Once regarded as a drain, to
be checked and kept under control, consumption
was now defended as a source of wealth. In 1776
Adam Smith pronounced it the ‘sole end of all
production’.
— and will then help you move from reading to
writing, providing you with some of the language
you will need to summarize the text. One major
challenge in translating the author’s words into
your own, however, is to stay true to what the
author is actually saying, avoiding what we call “the
closest cliché syndrome,” in which one mistakes a
commonplace idea for an author’s more complex
one. The work of complex writers, who frequently
challenge conventional thinking, cannot always
be collapsed into the types of ideas most of us
are already familiar with. Therefore, when you
translate, do not try to fit the ideas of such writers
into your preexisting beliefs, but instead allow your
own views to be challenged. In building a bridge to
the writers you read, it is often necessary to meet
those writers more than halfway.
‌
① Consumption and production are no longer
① investigate the writers’ other works extensively
② look for common things between the writers and
you
③ interpret the writers’ words based on your own
beliefs
④ paraphrase the writers’ ideas as simply as
possible
⑤ focus more on the writers’ intended meaning
than on your assumption
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
interrelated.
② Small businesses have merged into large
corporations.
③ The virtue of saving was replaced by that of
consumption.
④ Individual consumption was influenced by
national policy.
⑤ Domestic consumption led to a reduction in
international trade.
‌
인식론상의
(일의 추진에 필요한) 자극(제)
‌
✽✽impetus:
‌
✽epistemological:
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밑줄 친 uses his superior “interactive knowledge”가 다음
글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
밑줄 친 Obstacles to flow can be functional, and add
value가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
The rivalry between Sherlock Holmes and the
evil genius Professor Moriarty illustrates how
indeterminacy can arise as a natural by-product of
rational agents second-guessing each other. When
the two first met, Moriarty was eager, too eager,
to display his capacity for interactive thinking by
It’s not enough to design for pure movement: The
designer has to build in spaces, activities, and
intersections where people will leave the flow. Pure
movement can be bad for business. Jan Benthem,
who with his partner Mels Crouwel is the master
architect of Schiphol, told me with glee about
announcing: “All I have to say has already crossed
your mind.” Holmes replied: “Then possibly my
answer has crossed yours.” As the plot unfolds,
Holmes uses his superior “interactive knowledge”
to outmaneuver Moriarty by unexpectedly getting
off the train at Canterbury, thwarting Moriarty, who
had calculated that Paris was Holmes’s rational
destination. Complicated though it is, Moriarty
failed to recognize that Holmes had already
recognized that Moriarty would deduce what a
rational Holmes would do under the circumstances,
and the odds now favored Holmes getting off the
train earlier than once planned.
the time when the commercial people insisted
an area of seating be removed to make way for a
row of shops. The result was the opposite of that
intended: Revenues per square meter in the new
shops, and in existing ones next to them, actually
decreased after the redesign, which, as it happened,
had created a kind of canyon through which
passengers rushed like white water in the Rocky
Mountains — too fast to stop and shop. The seats
were put back. Flow designers like Jan Benthem
and UN (United Net) Studio have learned from
such experiences to pay attention to what they call
“kaleidoscope moments” — the turns in flows
where movement is tighter or more compact, or
where they cross over other flows. “Obstacles to
flow can be functional, and add value,” says Ben
van Berkel, a UN Studio architect.
✽indeterminacy:
불확정성
✽✽thwart:
좌절시키다
✽✽✽deduce:
추론하다
‌
① infers Moriarty’s true intentions without meeting
✽kaleidoscope:
만화경
‌
① Welcoming and relaxing spaces are valuable
‌
‌
settings for social interactions.
② Interior designers need to figure out how to grab
people’s attention in a busy place.
③ The intensified competition between the existing
and new shops can help them all prosper.
④ Interrupting the flow of customers with objects
such as seats is financially beneficial to retailers.
⑤ Minimizing users’ unnecessary movement is
advisable for designing multi-functional spaces.
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
him
② anticipates Moriarty’s actions and devises ways
to counter them
③ delivers his message to Moriarty only using
contextual hints
④ o u tperforms Moriarty’s expe c ta tions in
conversation skills
⑤ promptly sets up a situation from which
Moriarty can’t escape
Chapter 12 함축 의미 추론
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Chapter
13
무관한 문장 파악
유형 소개
‌
■ 주제나
‌
■ 글의
요지와 무관한 문장을 찾는 능력을 평가하는 유형이다.
논리적인 전개를 파악하여 흐름에서 벗어난 문장을 찾는다.
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 35쪽
다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
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Due to society’s emphasis on ability as a mainstay of self-worth, diminished feelings of
self-worth and shame are brought about following failure which might suggest low ability.
① This is particularly the case when considerable effort has been expended and there are no
circumstances one can point to (headache, emotional upset, noisy study environment, etc.) which
account for poor performance. ② Where it is possible to point to some mitigating circumstance
which might explain poor performance, the link between poor performance and low ability
is blurred. ③ Where there is no such ready-made alibi, the possibility of poor performance
becomes all the more threatening. ④ We know that it leads to a lot of problems, so it may not
be surprising that having a low self-worth is the highest predictor of developing anxiety or
depression. ⑤ This conclusion of low ability therefore becomes all the more likely as failures
accumulate.
✽mitigating:
정상 참작을 할 만한
Vocabulary in Context
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 mainstay 주축, 중심, 기둥
 self-worth 자아 존중감, 자부심
 diminished 감소된, 줄어든
 shame 수치심, 부끄러움
 considerable 상당한, 많은
 expend (많은 돈·시간·에너지를) 들이다, 쏟다
 upset 혼란, 전복
 blur 모호하게 하다, 흐리게 하다
 ready-made 이미 만들어져 있는, 이미 주어진
 alibi 변명, 구실, 알리바이
 all the (비교급 앞에 쓰여) 그만큼 훨씬 더 ~한[하게]
 threatening 위협적인, 협박하는
 predictor 전조(가 되는 것), 예측 변수
 anxiety 불안, 염려
 depression 우울증, 의기소침
 accumulate 누적되다, 모이다, 축적되다
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Let’s Solve It with Strategies
글의 주제와 요지를 파악한다.
글의 주제는 실패로 인한 부족한 능력의 인식과 자아 존중감 저하이며, 요지는 실패로 인해 부족한 능력을 인식하
게 되면 자아 존중감 역시 감소한다는 것이다.
Step 1
글의 요지에 부합하지 않는 문장을 찾는다.
상당한 노력을 들였는데도 부진한 학업 성과를 보이게 되었고, 그 원인으로 돌릴 만한 상황을 찾을 수 없는 경우,
실패가 누적되면 부진한 학업 성과가 부족한 능력에 기인한다고 보게 되고, 이로 인해 자아 존중감이 감소한다는
것이 글의 주된 내용이므로, 낮은 자아 존중감이 불안이나 우울증이 생길지에 대한 강한 전조라는 문장 ④는 글의 요
지에 부합하지 않는다.
Step 2
정답 문장을 제외한 다음, 글의 흐름이 자연스러운지 확인한다.
낮은 자아 존중감과 불안 및 우울증의 연관성을 언급한 문장 ④를 제외하면 문장 ③에서 언급한 이미 만들어진 변
명거리가 없는 상황에서는 부진한 학업 성과의 가능성이 더 위협적이라는 내용이 문장 ⑤에서 언급한 부족한 능력
이라는 결론을 내릴 가능성이 더 크다는 내용으로 이어지면서 글의 흐름이 자연스럽다.
Step 3
Vocabulary Review
괄호 안의 영영 풀이를 참고하여 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 Vocabulary in Context에서 찾아 쓰시오.
Answer & Translation
1. The problems have caused disappointment and a(n)
confidence in science.
(reduced or lessened)
1. diminished | 그 문제들은 과학에 대
2. Opinion polls are not necessarily a reliable
of election
outcomes.
(something that helps you predict something that will happen in the
future)
3. accumulate | 어떤 화학 물질은 독
한 실망과 신뢰의 저하를 초래했다.
2. predictor | 여론 조사가 반드시 선
거 결과의 신뢰할 만한 예측 변수는 아
니다.
3. Some chemicals can
reached.
성 수준에 도달할 때까지 체내에 축적될
수 있다.
in the body until toxic levels are
(to increase gradually in quantity or number)
Chapter 13 무관한 문장 파악
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다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
Whether a parent or thresholder, we share
cultural norms about what feelings and behaviors
are expected and therefore what feelings and
behaviors are acceptable. We share assumptions
about when adolescence ends and what we
should become when it ends. ① Repeatedly
parents describe children of nineteen, twenty, and
It is very common for parents to streamline their
children into a particular sport or competition.
Johnny wants to play in the NHL, or Mary wants
to be a professional soccer player and bring home
an Olympic gold medal. ① In both cases, parents
can misinterpret a child’s early love for a sport
as an opportunity to focus programs, coaching,
twenty-one as “all grown up” — a term that is
accompanied by a flicker of the hand, indicating
how the grown-up child has gone away. ② If being
twenty-one means being an adult, and if being
an adult means not needing one’s parents, then it
is humiliating to admit this need. ③ Thus, their
self-esteem comes from learning to accept who they
are by seeing their insufficiencies and still choosing
to like themselves. ④ A young adult continues
to be dependent on his parents’ love, admiration,
and approval to define and stabilize his sense of
self. ⑤ When this dependence seems “wrong,” he
suffers a new version of separation anxiety.
and skill development on one particular sport.
② We have witnessed children as young as six
years of age whose entire physical development
is geared around the particular movements of a
sport. ③ However, specialization is necessary
for achieving high performance in any sport
because it leads to physical, technical, tactical,
and psychological adaptation. ④ In reality,
children should be encouraged to play games,
activities, and multiple sports in order to optimize
athletic development, muscle strength, and neural
programming. ⑤ Children are not just little
adults: they have complex, distinct physiological
characteristics that must be taken into account.
✽thresholder:
성인의 문턱에 있는 청소년
✽✽flicker:
휙 움직이는 동작
✽NHL:
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(북미) 프로 아이스하키 리그(National Hockey League)
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다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
The primary difference between greenwashing
and symbolic corporate environmentalism
is the way in which symbol and substance
are connected. In conventional definitions of
greenwashing, a firm’s communications can be
separated from actual environmental impacts.
‘Greenwashing’ is the label given when deliberate
Until relatively recently, it had been widely
assumed that human language was unique: while
some animals may have rudimentary forms of
communication, these are limited, and relatively
uninteresting. ① Moreover, so the myth goes,
human language is unrelated to animal forms
of communication. ② Even if it did derive
positive disclosure exists in parallel with poor
substantive environmental performance. ① Thus,
by definition, a firm’s communications are
disconnected from environmental impact. ② There
is only a symbolic link between the signal —
such as adopting an empty eco-label — and the
abstract concept it is intended to signify (e.g.,
corporate environmental concern). ③ Eco-labelled
products are environmental due to the effect of
reducing pollutant emissions throughout the
manufacturing process, and are economical due
to the effect of reducing energy consumption and
pollutant treatment costs. ④ In greenwashing,
there is no necessary link between the symbol and
from an evolutionarily earlier form of human
proto-language, this bore no relation to the
communication systems found, today, amongst
other primates, mammals and countless other
types of species in the animal kingdom. ③ But the
accumulation of research on the way other species
communicate, from apes to whales, from vervets to
starlings, increasingly suggests this may overstate
the divide between human language and non-human
communicative systems. ④ Research suggests that
the human brain exhibits a language readiness not
found in the brains of other species. ⑤ Many of the
characteristics exhibited by language are found, to
varying degrees, across a broad spectrum of animal
materially improved environmental performance.
⑤ Greenwashing is a special case within symbolic
corporate environmentalism in which firms
deliberately manipulate symbols so as to open
up a gap between their symbolic and substantive
communication systems.
✽rudimentary:
✽✽vervet:
(남아프리카산) 긴꼬리원숭이
기본적인, 미발달의
✽✽✽starling:
찌르레기
performance.
✽greenwashing:
위장환경주의
Chapter 13 무관한 문장 파악
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Chapter
14
글의 순서 파악
유형 소개
‌
■ 주어진
‌
■ 글의
글 다음에 이어지는 세 개의 글의 순서를 파악하는 유형이다.
논리적 흐름과 문장 간의 전후 관계를 파악하여 적절한 글의 순서를 찾는다.
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 38쪽
주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
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A destination that has a good location relative to large tourist markets has a distinct
advantage over one that is much farther away. However, accessibility can help equalize this
factor.
‌
(A) Of course, that doesn’t mean these locations cannot develop tourism, just that they are likely
to develop in a different way than one that is more accessible. Such destinations may receive
smaller numbers of tourists who stay at the destination for longer periods of time and spend
more money.
‌
(B) Accessibility is the relative ease with which one location may be reached from another. For
example, a direct flight or a high-speed train increases the accessibility of a place.
‌
(C) Yet, it is often the case that remote locations are harder to get to and from because of fewer
transportation connections, longer travel times, and frequently higher transportation costs. As
such, remote places are less likely to develop into large destinations in terms of the quantity
of tourists received.
‌
③ (B)-(C)-(A)
‌
‌
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
‌
④ (C)-(A)-(B)
② (B)-(A)-(C)
‌
① (A)-(C)-(B)
Vocabulary in Context
 destination (여행 등의) 목적지, 도착지
 relative to ~과 관련하여
 distinct 뚜렷한
 accessibility 접근성, 접근하기 쉬움
 equalize 동등하게 하다
 remote 외진, 외딴
 transportation 교통, 수송
 as such 따라서
 quantity 수량, 다수
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Let’s Solve It with Strategies
주어진 글을 읽고 글의 소재를 파악하고 중심 내용을 추론한다.
주어진 글을 통해 여행 목적지를 다루는 글임을 알 수 있다. 주어진 글의 내용은 관광 시장에서 여행 목적지의 위치
는 중요하지만, 그 차이는 접근성에 의해 줄어들 수 있다는 것이다.
Step 1
(A)~(C)의 앞부분을 신속하게 읽고, 주어진 글과 가장 먼저 이어질 내용을 찾는다.
(A) 물론, 그것이 이러한 장소가 관광업을 발전시킬 수 없다는 것을 의미하는 것은 아니고, ~ → (×)
(B) 접근성은 다른 장소로부터 한 장소에 도달할 수 있는 상대적인 용이성이다. → 주어진 글의 후반에 언급한 접
‌
‌
Step 2
글의 흐름과 단서를 종합하여 글이 통일성, 일관성과 응집성이 있도록 순서를 정한다.
접근성의 개념과 그 사례를 설명한 (B)에 이어, 그러한 접근성에는 한계가 있어서 지리적으로 외진 곳은 대규모 여
행 목적지로 발전할 가능성이 낮다는 내용의 (C)가 이어지는 것이 자연스럽고, 마지막으로 (C)의 내용이 의미하는
바를 구체적으로 설명한 후, 외진 곳에 맞는 여행 유형이 있음을 제시한 (A)가 오는 것이 논리적으로 자연스럽다.
Step 3
‌
근성에 관한 설명과 이어짐. ()
(C) 그러나, 외진 곳은 왕래하기가 더 어려운 경우가 흔한데, ~ → (×)
Vocabulary Review
괄호 안의 영영 풀이를 참고하여 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 Vocabulary in Context에서 찾아 쓰시오.
Answer & Translation
1. This island is a popular tourist
.
(the place that someone or something is going to)
1. destination | 이 섬은 인기 있는 관
광 목적지이다.
2. accessibility | 이렇게 하면 여러분
의 웹 사이트의 접근성이 크게 향상될
2. This will improve the
of your website dramatically.
(how easy something is to reach, enter, use, see, etc.)
3. Seoul has a very organized public
것이다.
3. transportation | 서울은 매우 체계
적인 대중교통 시스템을 가지고 있다.
system.
(a way of traveling from one place to another place)
Chapter 14 글의 순서 파악
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주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
Fashion shows generally accommodate a
minimum of 100 guests and as many as 1,000,
with the average seating around 300. The size
of a show is much less significant than the
importance of the people who attend.
22053-0068
주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
One method of measuring energy is the joule.
The watt (a unit of power) is equal to using 1
joule of energy in 1 second. So, a 100-watt light
bulb uses 100 joules of energy every second. If
the same amount of energy is expended in 10
seconds, the power is only 10 watts.
‌
(A) The list is a good place to start when deciding
whom to invite, but you need to edit it
carefully. Many of the writers and editors on
this list are not appropriate for all collections
and don’t need to be at your show.
02
‌
(C) If you use this list, you also need to add writers
and editors from alternative publications who
don’t register. Many designers build their own
list from scratch, carefully researching the
appropriate editors and buyers whom they want
to attend.
③ (B)-(C)-(A)
④ (C)-(A)-(B)
‌
‌
(C) On the other hand, if that same 100 joules of
energy is expended in 1/10 second, the power is
1,000 watts, and if the energy is crammed into
a ten-thousandth of a second, the power output
for that short period of time is a million watts.
‌
② (B)-(A)-(C)
③ (B)-(C)-(A)
④ (C)-(A)-(B)
‌
‌
‌
① (A)-(C)-(B)
‌
‌
‌
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
‌
② (B)-(A)-(C)
‌
① (A)-(C)-(B)
(B) The reason that a stick of dynamite has so
much more power is that all of that energy is
released in an instant, instead of over a few
hours. Believe it or not, a candy bar contains
more energy, pound for pound, than dynamite.
However, this energy is released much more
slowly as it is digested.
‌
‌
(B) It’s better to show your collection to 5 of the
right people than 50 people who really can’t
affect your business. If you show in the tents at
New York Fashion Week, you’ll be provided a
press list of people who register to attend the
shows.
(A) In each case, the total amount of energy is
the same, but the power output varies widely,
depending on how quickly the energy is used.
For example, exploding a stick of dynamite
releases about as much total energy as burning
a pound of coal.
‌
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
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03
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주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
04
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주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
Nonrenewable resources (copper, coal, tin,
and oil, among many others) have built up or
evolved in a geological timespan. They can’t
be replaced at will — only over a similar
time-scale.
The crust of the Earth is slowly but constantly
shifting; the continents act much like great rafts
of rock, floating on the viscous interior of the
Earth and reshaped by plate tectonics.
‌
(A) For example, a number of embayments on
the Alaska coast that were used as harbors a
century ago are now too shallow to be navigable
because that part of the continent has risen.
Seventy million years ago England’s famous
White Cliffs of Dover were a shallow seafloor.
Many types of forces are at work — everything
changes.
‌
(A) This erroneous view neglects the facts of
energy resource depletion and increasing
pollution with lower-grade burdens. In short, to
find, to extract, and to process the remaining 20
percent generally costs more than the result is
worth.
‌
(B) In this age of advanced technology, we often
hear that (for example) when high-grade tin ore
runs out (when 80 percent of its total estimated
supply has been removed and used), low-grade
tin ore (the other 20 percent) will become
economically workable.
‌
(C) By the same reasoning, as erosion removes
land mass and large ice sheets melt, the load
is lightened and the land rises. This rising of
the land as ice sheets melt is referred to as
post-glacial rebound.
✽viscous:
점성이 있는
✽✽plate
tectonics: 판구조론
✽✽✽embayment:
(C) Even with unlimited supplies of energy, what if
we could extract that last 20 percent? When it
is gone, nothing is going to bring it back except
time measured in centuries and millennia,
paired with the elements that produce the
resource.
‌
‌
(B) Consequently, if a load is added to the top of
the raft — by a huge volcanic outpouring of
lava or the accumulation of a great mass of ice,
for example — the raft will sink a little and the
sea level will appear to rise.
만
✽tin:
주석
✽✽depletion:
✽✽✽ore:
광석
Chapter 14 글의 순서 파악
63
고갈
② (B)-(A)-(C)
④ (C)-(A)-(B)
③ (B)-(C)-(A)
④ (C)-(A)-(B)
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
‌
‌
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
‌
① (A)-(C)-(B)
③ (B)-(C)-(A)
‌
② (B)-(A)-(C)
‌
① (A)-(C)-(B)
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Chapter
15
문장 삽입
유형 소개
논리적 흐름을 바탕으로 주어진 문장이 들어갈 적절한 위치를 파악하는 유형이다.
■ 글의
중심 내용과 이에 어울리는 문장 간의 논리적 연결성을 파악해야 한다.
‌
‌
■ 글의
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 41쪽
글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?
22053-0071
These types of sleep are important in reordering and fixing memories, which can in turn
help improve cognitive ability.
Monkeys sleep on branches high in the forest canopy. ( ① ) This certainly keeps them safe
from ground predators such as leopards and jaguars, but it must be unstable and uncomfortable.
( ② ) The monkeys sit on as thick a branch as they can find, resting their weight on pads of skin
that develop on their buttocks, but even so they repeatedly wake up throughout the night. ( ③ )
An ape, sleeping within a broad, cup-shaped nest, is far safer and can sleep for longer periods
and more deeply. ( ④ ) Studies by David Samson, now at the University of Toronto, and his
coworkers, comparing neural activity in sleeping monkeys and sleeping apes, have shown that
the apes have more frequent periods of both NREM (non-rapid eye movement) and REM (rapid
eye movement) sleep. ( ⑤ ) Building nests could have helped apes get even cleverer.
✽canopy:
(숲을 이루는 나무의 윗부분 가지들이) 지붕 모양으로 우거진 층
Vocabulary in Context
 reorder 재정리하다, 다시 배열하다
 fix (마음·기억에) ~을 새겨 두다, 심어 두다
 in turn 결과적으로, 결국
 cognitive 인지[인식]의
 predator 포식자
 unstable 불안정한
 rest 받치다, 기대다
 buttocks 엉덩이
 neural 신경의
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Let’s Solve It with Strategies
글의 중심 내용을 파악한다.
원숭이가 높은 나뭇가지 위에서 잠을 자는 것은 불안정하고 불편할 것이 틀림없기 때문에 밤새 반복해서 깨는 반
면, 넓고 컵 모양을 띤 둥지 안에서 잠을 자는 유인원은 더 오랜 기간 더 깊이 잠을 잘 수 있는데, 그러한 유인원의
수면이 인지 능력을 향상하는 데 도움을 줄 수 있으므로 둥지를 짓는 것이 유인원으로 하여금 훨씬 더 영리해지도
록 도울 수 있었을 것이라는 내용의 글이다.
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
주어진 문장의 내용과 글 전체의 논리적 흐름을 파악한다.
주어진 문장이 These types of sleep으로 시작하므로, 앞 문장에 수면의 유형을 묘사하는 내용이 나와야 함을 알
수 있다. ⑤ 앞 문장의 유인원이 NREM(비급속 안구 운동)과 REM(급속 안구 운동) 수면의 주기를 더 자주 갖
는다는 것을 보여 주었다는 내용과 ⑤ 뒤 문장의 둥지를 짓는 것은 유인원이 훨씬 더 영리해지도록 도울 수 있었을
것이라는 내용이 자연스럽게 연결되지 않으므로, 이 두 문장의 내용을 이어 줄 수 있는 내용이 들어가야 함을 알 수
있다.
주어진 문장을 넣고 글의 흐름을 확인한다.
주어진 문장의 These types of sleep이 ⑤ 앞 문장의 NREM(비급속 안구 운동)과 REM(급속 안구 운동) 수면
의 주기를 더 자주 갖는 유인원의 수면 유형을 가리키고, 주어진 문장의 인지 능력을 향상하는 데 도움을 줄 수 있
다는 내용이 ⑤ 뒤 문장의 유인원이 훨씬 더 영리해지도록 도울 수 있었을 것이라는 것과 맥락상 자연스럽게 연결
되므로, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은 ⑤이다.
Vocabulary Review
괄호 안의 영영 풀이를 참고하여 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 Vocabulary in Context에서 찾아 쓰시오.
Answer & Translation
1. in turn | 생산 증가는 결국 수익 증가
1. Increased production will,
, lead to increased profits.
(as a result of something in a series of events)
로 이어질 것이다.
2. predator | 물고기는 포식자를 피하기
위해 다양한 기술을 사용한다.
3. unstable | 그녀는 그 소식을 듣고 정
2. Fish use various techniques to escape a
.
(an animal that lives by killing and eating other animals)
3. She is emotionally
서적으로 불안정하다.
to hear the news.
(likely to change suddenly)
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22053-0073
글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?
글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?
In fact, the concept of privacy carries heavily
negative connotations in many collectivistic
cultures.
However, it does not follow from this that good
soils are of less importance than in the past.
On the psychological level, privacy regulation
refers to the selective monitoring of closedness
and openness or access to the self or to one’s
group. Intrapersonal space refers to the need for
information privacy or psychological quietness
between the self and others. ( ① ) While privacy
regulation is a major concern in many Western
social environments, the issue may not be seen
as very critical in many collectivistic cultures.
( ② ) For example, the Chinese words that closely
correspond to the concept “privacy” are “secretive”
and “selfishness,” both of which have heavy
pejorative meanings. ( ③ ) This is not to say that
Chinese do not need personal privacy or space.
( ④ ) It just implies that many Chinese believe
that relational interconnection should override
the importance of personal privacy in everyday
interactions. ( ⑤ ) Moreover, population density
and crowded environmental conditions make it
virtually impossible for people in many Asian
countries (e.g., China, India, Indonesia, and Japan)
to maintain personal privacy or interpersonal space.
✽connotation:
함의, 함축된 의미
✽✽pejorative:
✽✽✽override:
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02
Soil texture is thought to be a major determinant
of crop yields in England because it influences
the amount of moisture available in the soil, yet
this is clearly ultimately a function of rainfall and
evaporation, not simply texture. ( ① ) The soil is
more easily modified than climate or slope. ( ② )
Modern farming methods make it possible to
supply plant nutrients to an inherently infertile soil,
acid soils can be treated with lime, and waterlogged
soils can be improved by underdraining. ( ③ )
Inputs of fertilizer obtain a better yield response
on good soils than upon poor soils. ( ④ ) Thus,
in the USA corn production has been slowly
concentrating in the regions with optimum soil
and climate, and declining elsewhere. ( ⑤ ) This
requires not only fertilizers but good conditions
that allow such regional specialization.
✽lime:
석회
✽✽waterlogged:
물을 잔뜩 머금은
경멸적인
~보다 우위에 있다
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정답과 해설 41쪽
03
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04
22053-0075
글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?
글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?
It also favored narrower hips, which made
childbearing more difficult and dangerous
and probably means that many hominins, like
modern humans, gave birth to infants that were
not yet capable of surviving on their own.
But theaters are interested in increasing
profits from concession purchases, so they
want to make the more expensive option more
appealing.
In bipedal species, the big toe is no longer used
for gripping, so it aligns more closely with the
other toes, while the spine enters the skull from
below, not from the back (get down on four legs
and you’ll understand why). ( ① ) Walking on two
legs required rearrangements of the back, the hips,
even the braincase. ( ② ) That would have meant
that their babies needed more parenting, which may
have encouraged sociability and gotten hominin
fathers more involved in child-rearing. ( ③ )
There were many indirect effects of bipedalism, but
we’re not yet sure exactly why hominins became
bipedal. ( ④ ) Perhaps bipedalism let our ancestors
walk or run farther in the grassy savanna lands
that had spread around a cooling world in the past
thirty million years. ( ⑤ ) It also freed human
hands to specialize in manipulative tasks including,
eventually, the making of tools.
✽hominin:
✽✽bipedal:
A simple example of the decoy effect is a study
run by the magazine National Geographic. One
group of consumers was asked to choose between
a small bucket of popcorn for $3 or a large one for
$7. ( ① ) The majority of consumers in this group
chose the small bucket. ( ② ) The decoy effect is
one way to make this happen. ( ③ ) In the study,
this was done by employing a second group that
was offered the same choices plus one more: a
medium bucket for $6.50. ( ④ ) The majority of
consumers in this group opted for the large bucket
because it seemed like a rational choice: You get
a lot more popcorn for only 50 cents more. ( ⑤ )
So even though the decoy (medium bucket) wasn’t
preferred, it lured people into choosing the most
expensive option over the less expensive option
they would have chosen had the decoy not been
there.
✽concession:
구내매점
✽✽decoy:
미끼
✽✽✽lure:
유혹하다
호미닌(인간의 조상으로 분류되는 종족)
두 발로 걷는
✽✽✽braincase:
두개, 머리
Chapter 15 문장 삽입
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Chapter
16
요약문 완성
유형 소개
내용을 요약한 문장의 빈칸을 완성하는 유형이다.
■ 글의
요지와 핵심 어구를 정확히 파악한 후, 이를 바탕으로 요약문의 빈칸에 들어갈 단어나 어구를 추론한다.
‌
‌
■ 글의
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 44쪽
다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
22053-0076
Many understandably stay away from writing. Critical of their ability to devote words to
page, they are writing avoidant. Can’t spell, can’t construct a sentence, no ideas worth writing
are among their reasons. Scarred by the red pen of school which taught a type of writing that
excluded somatic awareness, students were often guided to fit their personal expression into
book reports and essays, ready-made structures that neglected individual and unique verbal
paths. Many schools omitted expressive creative writing as unnecessary, except as an elective
at best. With writing commonly taught to conform to objective standards, it neglected its power
to foster growth, empathy, creative expression, healing, imagination, and integration. The
unfortunate result from relying on a singular approach to writing is that many of us too often
assess our skills as inferior. Our enthusiasm never developed. Why write? Why pursue a difficult
activity that reaps meaningless rewards? Why not find a more worthwhile and satisfying pursuit
✽somatic: 몸의, 육체의 ✽✽elective: 선택 과목
like hiking or playing soccer?

In teaching writing, many schools stick to an approach that disregards
(B)
often leads students to
writing later in life.
‌
(A)
(B)
② objectivity …… enjoy
④ accuracy
…… improve
‌
, which
‌
‌
‌
(A)
(B)
① individuality …… avoid
③ accuracy
…… avoid
⑤ individuality …… enjoy
(A)
Vocabulary in Context
 understandably 당연히
 stay away from ~을 가까이하지 않다
 critical of ~에 비판적인
 devote ~ to page ~을 글로 옮기다
 avoidant 회피성의
 scar 상처를 남기다
 exclude 배제하다
 awareness 의식
 ready-made 이미 만들어진
 neglect 무시하다, 경시하다
 omit 빼다, 생략하다
 conform to ~에 순응하다
 objective 객관적인
 foster 촉진하다, 기르다
 empathy 공감
 integration 통합
 assess 평가하다
 inferior 열등한
 enthusiasm 열정, 의욕
 reap (보답 따위를) 받다
 disregard 무시하다
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Let’s Solve It with Strategies
요약문의 정보를 통해 글의 중심 내용을 예측한다.
요약문: 글쓰기를 가르칠 때 많은 학교가
를 무시하는 방식을 고수하는데, 이것은 자주 학생들이 이
(A)
후 생에서 글쓰기를
만든다.
(B)
→ 학교에서의 글쓰기 교육 방식과 그것이 학생들의 글쓰기를 대하는 태도에 미치는 영향에 대한 글임을 알 수 있다.
Step 1
글의 전개 과정에서 제시된 주요 내용이 무엇인지 알아낸다.
대부분의 학교에서 개인적이고 창의적인 글쓰기를 생략하고 객관적 기준에 따른 정해진 구조에 따라 쓰는 글쓰기
만을 가르치다 보니 많은 이들이 자신의 글쓰기 능력에 대한 자신감을 잃고 글쓰기를 꺼리게 된다는 내용이다.
Step 2
선택지의 단어나 어구를 요약문의 빈칸에 넣어 요약문으로 적절한지 확인한다.
글의 주요 내용을 고려할 때, 학교에서 가르치는 글쓰기는 개성을 무시하고 이로 인해 학생들은 글쓰기를 피하게
된다는 내용의 요약문이 되어야 한다. 따라서 (A)에는 individuality가, (B)에는 avoid가 들어가는 것이 가장 적
절하다.
② 객관성 - 즐기게
③ 정확성 - 피하게
④ 정확성 - 개선하게
⑤ 개성 – 즐기게
Step 3
Vocabulary Review
괄호 안의 영영 풀이를 참고하여 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 Vocabulary in Context에서 찾아 쓰시오.
Answer & Translation
1. A more
method of description must be adopted.
(based on real facts and not influenced by personal beliefs or feelings)
1. objective | 더 객관적인 서술 방법이
2. The growth of the Internet could
economic development
worldwide.
(to encourage a particular feeling, situation, or idea to develop)
3. integration | 그의 음악은 전통과 새
채택되어야 한다.
2. foster | 인터넷의 성장은 전 세계적으
로 경제 발달을 촉진할 수 있었다.
로운 기술의 통합이다.
3. His music is a(n)
of tradition and new technology.
(the action or process of combining two or more things in an effective
way)
Chapter 16 요약문 완성
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x e r c i s e s
01
22053-0077
22053-0078
다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에
들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에
들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
As to learning how to evade a predator, there is
one interesting experiment on guppies that is worth
reporting. In the laboratory of Robin Liley at the
University of British Columbia, Wayne Goodey
reared guppies under two different conditions: one
group was in contact with adult guppies that often
It is not aging so much as the recognition of
less time left to live that triggers the shift in what
people want out of their interactions. Young adults,
when placed either under artificial time constraints
through experimental manipulations or under real
time constraints, show similar preferences toward
chased them, whereas the other group could see
or smell adults but could not be chased by them.
Later in life, when put in the presence of predatory
fish, the first group — experienced in being chased,
if only by the same species — escaped from the
predatory fish more often than did the others. It
seems that the experience gained in fleeing from
the same species could be transferred to another
context and used in predator evasion. Even a fry’s
experience of being chased by a parent and taken
into its mouth for safe carrying back to the nest
may help the fry to avoid predators later in life, as
reported for some populations of sticklebacks.
the emotional functions of social interactions as do
older adults. Endings of any kind bring out strong
emotions and cause you to want to spend time with
the people who have been closest to you. Think of
times when significant life events have come to an
end, such as when you graduated from high school
or said goodbye to a friend who moved across the
country. Knowing that you did not have much time
left to spend with these people, you wanted to make
the most out of the time you did have before it
came to an end. The desire to maximize emotional
rewards leads adults increasingly to prefer spending
time with people who are familiar to them rather
than seeking out new friends and acquaintances.
✽evade:
회피하다
✽✽fry:
치어(아주 어린 물고기)
✽✽✽sticklebacks:
큰가시고기
✽acquaintance:
지인


T h e ex p e r i e n c e o f a y o u n g fi s h b e i n g
(A)
by adult fish of its own species was
(B)
found to be
to its ability to escape
from predators later in life.
(A)
When they realize that the
of
a close relationship is approaching, people
tend to spend more time with the people in
these existing relationships to receive more
(B)
rewards.
70
(A)
① peak
② parting
③ conclusion
④ crisis
⑤ breakup
……
……
……
……
……
(B)
related
dissimilar
damaging
related
dissimilar
‌
(A)
① excluded
② pursued
③ excluded
④ pursued
⑤ protected
책1.indb 70
02
……
……
……
……
……
(B)
intrinsic
material
psychological
physical
exclusive
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정답과 해설 45쪽
03
22053-0079
04
22053-0080
다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에
들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에
들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
What the earliest humans found at hand was
stone. Later they discovered clay and how to fire
it, which was hugely important to the growth and
viability of large cities. This innovation (leading to
the production of ceramic pots in large quantities),
which occurred in the area of Anatolia, in
It used to be the dream of computer scientists to
be able to develop a machine that could recognize
distinct patterns, such as faces, everyday objects,
or animals, and then categorize them into groups
much the way babies and children do. In the past
few years, developers have managed to accomplish
modern-day Turkey, eight thousand years ago,
made possible the easy cooking and storage of
liquids and grains, as well as their transport. Since
the earliest known examples of writing appear on
clay tablets unearthed in Mesopotamia, we know
that clay was as important for storing information
as it was for storing food. Because of the durability
of these tablets, archaeologists have been able to
recover remarkably detailed records going back
five thousand years. In fact, clay tablets had a far
greater chance of surviving over the millennia than
papyrus, so we have more “hard” facts about life in
ancient Mesopotamia than we do about events that
occurred in Palestine a thousand years later.
some of these goals previously thought to be
impossible. The problem was counterintuitive: what
comes naturally to a baby, was considered
incredibly difficult or impossible for a computer to
do. Though, the reverse is also true: the collection,
sorting, and computing of vast amounts of data,
as the result of the recent data explosion of the
past two decades, would be impossible for any
individual human or even millions of humans to do.
Our collective human brain computational power
could never match that of computers, which has
exponentially grown nearly beyond imagining.
The sheer amount of data produced in recent years
is not manageable or useful unless employing
supercomputer computational capacities.
✽viability:
존립 가능성

✽exponentially:

The discovery of clay and how to fire it played
(A)
an important role in the
of large
cities and the durability of clay allowed humans
(B)
to
information as well as food for
long periods of time.
(A)
① discerning
② discerning
③ recalling
④ recalling
⑤ analyzing
‌
‌
‌
‌
……
……
……
……
……
(B)
analyze
preserve
process
produce
share
Computer scientists have made some progress
in their attempts to build a machine capable
(A)
of
patterns as babies and children
do, but the computer’s real strength lies in the
(B)
of data that it is able to process.
(A)
① development
② development
③ overpopulation
④ transformation
⑤ transformation
기하급수적으로
……
……
……
……
……
(B)
applicability
quantity
variety
quality
availability
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Chapter
17
장문의 이해 (1): 1지문 2문항
유형 소개
문단 혹은 두 문단 이상의 비교적 긴 지문이 제시된다.
■긴
지문을 읽고 제목을 찾는 문항과 낱말의 적절성을 파악하는 문항이 제시된다.
‌
‌‌
■한
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 48쪽
다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
Early trade may have started as mutual gift-giving, as still occurs in a modern society when
we celebrate each other’s birthdays, or bring wine when invited for dinner. Over time, this
gift-giving might have become more systematic. Both parties would have realised that they
(a) gain from the process. In the case of the apples/eggs swap, each gets a more varied diet. Over
time, this leads to (b) specialisation. For some goods, this happens very quickly. Every medieval
village had a blacksmith and a cobbler.
The same process leads to markets. These have existed at least since the time of the
Phoenicians in the second millennium BCE, and have been found all over the world, particularly
in small towns. Much of the trade will come from farmers bringing their surplus goods or
livestock for sale. For specialists — those who sell wine, for example — markets will be a vital
way of selling their goods. And once you have a market, buyers will (c) compare prices. The
cheapest producer will win. Over time, that will (d) eliminate the pressure for traders to become
more “efficient” — producing more goods for a lower cost. Buyers and sellers must agree not
just on the price of a good, but its quality, the place and time of exchange, and the nature and
timing of payment. Innovations like markets, exchanges and financial instruments make this
process (e) easier.
✽cobbler:
01
구두 수선공
22053-0081
윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
‌
① The Advantages and Disadvantages of Direct Trade
‌
② The History of International Trade and Commerce
‌
③ Why Do Financial Markets Go Up and Down?
‌
④ Traditions of Gift-Giving Around the World
‌
⑤ How Did Markets Start and Develop?
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02
22053-0082
밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?
① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
⑤ (e)
Let’s Solve It with Strategies
글의 소재와 주제를 파악한다.
글의 소재는 초기 거래와 시장의 형성이고 첫 번째 문단의 주제는 시장이 있기 전 선물 주기에서 비롯된 물물 교환
과 전문화, 두 번째 문단의 주제는 시장이 생겨나게 된 배경과 그 발전이다.
Step 1
글의 제목으로 적절한 것을 찾는다.
상호 간에 선물을 주고받던 것이 체계적으로 되어 물건을 서로 교환하고 전문화가 이루어져서 결국 시장이 생기게
되었고 구매자와 판매자는 가격뿐만 아니라 그 이외의 것에 대해서도 합의를 하게 되었다는 내용에 가장 잘 부합하
는 제목을 찾는다.
⑤ 시장은 어떻게 생겨났고 발전했는가? → 적절한 제목
① 직거래의 장단점 → 언급되지 않음
② 국제 무역과 상업의 역사 → ‘국제 무역과 상업의 역사’가 글의 주안점이 아님
③ 왜 금융 시장은 오르락내리락하는가? → 언급되지 않음
④ 전 세계의 선물 주기 전통 → ‘선물 주기’가 글의 주안점이 아님
Step 2
밑줄로 제시된 낱말이 문맥에 맞게 적절하게 쓰였는지 확인한다.
시장에서는 가장 싸게 파는 자가 승리하게 되므로, 더 적은 비용으로 더 많은 상품을 생산해야 하는 상인들에게 압
박을 가할 것이다. 그러므로 (d)의 eliminate와 같은 부정적인 낱말은 문맥상 적절하지 않다. 따라서 eliminate를
create와 같은 낱말로 고쳐야 한다.
Step 3
Vocabulary in Context
 mutual 상호 간의, 서로의
 celebrate 축하하다, 기념하다
 swap 교환, 바꾸기
 specialisation 전문화, 특수화
 medieval 중세의
 blacksmith 대장장이
 Phoenician 페니키아인
 surplus 잉여의, 잔여의
 livestock 가축
Chapter 17 장문의 이해 (1): 1지문 2문항
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[01~02] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
01
Some people believe that freedom of speech is
a luxury. In their view, poor nations, or nations
struggling with social and economic problems,
should be trying not to (a) promote democracy but
instead to ensure material well-being — economic
growth, and a chance for everyone to have
food, clothing, and shelter. This view is badly
misconceived. If we understand what is wrong with
it, we will have a much better sense of the social
role of communications.
For many countries, the most devastating problem
of all consists of famines, defined as the widespread
denial of access to food and, as a result, mass
starvation. In China’s famine of the late 1950s, for
example, about thirty million people died. Is free
speech a luxury for nations concerned about famine
prevention? Would it be better for such nations
to give a (b) high priority not to democracy and
free speech but instead to economic development?
Actually these are (c) foolish questions. Consider
the remarkable finding by the economist Amartya
Sen that in the history of the world, there has never
윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
been a famine in a system with a democratic press
and free elections. Sen’s starting point, which he
also demonstrates empirically, is that famines are
a (d) natural product, not an inevitable product of
scarcity of food. Whether there will be a famine as
opposed to a mere (e) shortage depends on people’s
“entitlements” — that is, what they are able to get.
Even when food is limited, entitlements can be
allocated in such a way as to ensure that no one
will starve.
✽entitlement:
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22053-0083
‌
① H ow E c o n o m i c D eve l o p m e n t E n h a n c e s
‌
‌
‌
‌
Democracy
② Why Good Intentions Sometimes Fail in the
Real World
③ Social Unrest: A Common Symptom of
Authoritarian Regimes
④ Famine: No Excuse for the Abandonment of
Democracy
⑤ Economic Crises Make People Turn a Blind Eye
to Injustice
02
22053-0084
밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은
것은?
① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
⑤ (e)
(사회 보장·실직 수당 따위의) 수급권, 수혜권
EBS 수능완성 영어
2022-05-10 오후 7:14:38
정답과 해설 48쪽
[03~04] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
03
Ecophysiology has revealed a number of specific
adaptations for different environments. For
example, animals that live in colder regions tend
to have larger bodies and smaller legs, ears, and
tails than related species living in warmer climes.
A larger body has a smaller surface-area-to-mass
ratio, and therefore loses heat more (a) slowly,
while smaller appendages reduce exposure to
frostbite.
I n t h e m o s t ex t r e m e c o l d , t h e f e e t o f a
warm-blooded animal are at risk of becoming
frozen to the ground. Mammals in Arctic regions
such as musk oxen and polar bears are adapted for
life in these conditions by having (b) thick hairs to
protect their feet from the cold.
In the Antarctic, the undersides of penguins’
feet are protected by a thick layer of fat. Penguins
also have a heat-exchange (or counter-current)
mechanism in their legs. The warm blood arriving
from the body is cooled to near 32°F (0°C) by
the chilled blood arriving from the feet, which
(c) warms to the body temperature in the process.
윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Gazelles in Africa use a similar counter-current
system to cool their body temperature. They are
able to chill the blood entering their head, giving
them an advantage over their predators, who often
overheat. Camels have a heat-exchange system in
their nasal cavity, which (d) reduces the amount of
water lost in their breath. Hot, dry air is inhaled
and mixes with moisture inside the nose before
traveling to the lungs. The exhaled air is much
cooler than the air outside, so most of the moisture
it carries (e) disappears in the nose. This creates
the cool, damp conditions needed to chill the next
in-breath.
✽ecophysiology:
✽✽appendage:
22053-0085
‌
① Impacts of Climate Change on Animals
② Vital Resources Animals Share for Survival
‌
③ Safety Benefits of Relationships Between Animals
‌
④ Species That Migrate to Find Safer Temperatures
‌
⑤ Physical Adaptations That Regulate Animals’
Body Temperature
04
22053-0086
밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은
것은?
① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
⑤ (e)
환경[생태] 생리학
부속지(동물의 몸통에 붙어 있는 다리, 꼬리, 지느러미 등의 부위)
✽✽✽frostbite:
동상
Chapter 17 장문의 이해 (1): 1지문 2문항
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Chapter
18
장문의 이해 (2): 1지문 3문항
유형 소개
‌
■ (A),
‌
■글
(B), (C), (D)로 구성된 장문을 읽고, 글의 순서 배열, 지칭 대상 파악, 세부 내용 파악 등 세 가지 유형의 문항을 해결해야 한다.
전체를 훑어 읽으면서 사건의 줄거리와 시간의 흐름을 파악하며, 세 개의 문항에 종합적으로 접근하는 것이 문제 해결에 필수적이다.
Let’s Check It Out
정답과 해설 50쪽
다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
(A)
All through the years, Claire’s bond with animals has remained strong, and has remained a
major factor in her life. Once, Claire and her husband, Tony, were walking along the beach in
Great Yarmouth, in Norfolk, when they noticed some sort of fuss going on a little way ahead
of them. As they reached the spot they saw that (a) several young lads were standing in a circle,
✽fuss: 소동
looking at something on the ground.
(B)
Claire asked why (b) they hadn’t taken it to a rescue centre, because apart from anything else
it would soon give way to hypothermia with the oil all over it. The boys replied that they didn’t
want to try and pick it up in case the bird bit them. It was a fearsome-looking bird, it’s true,
about the size of a goose with a large, curved beak, and Claire didn’t blame (c) them for being
✽hypothermia: 저체온증 ✽✽wary: 경계하는
wary, but the bird cried out to her for help.
(C)
Claire looked at Tony, and with a ‘here we go again’ expression on his face he watched her
walk up to the bird, pick it up and tuck it under her arm. She wasn’t being brave. She knew
it wouldn’t bite because it had told her so, just as it had told her it wouldn’t run or struggle.
(d) They took it to the coast guard station, and one of the officers phoned for a rescue centre to
come and get it. At least the boys had cared, even if they hadn’t really known the best thing to do!
(D)
Being curious, they stopped to see what was going on. A big bird was standing on the sand.
The boys were throwing it bits of bacon, which it was gobbling down greedily. That was nice of
(e) them. The awful thing was that the bird was covered in oil. In that state it could neither swim,
fly nor preen its feathers, and it certainly couldn’t get any more food or, more importantly, water
for itself. The boys told Claire and Tony they’d been keeping it alive for two days by feeding it
✽gobble: 게걸스럽게 먹다 ✽✽preen: (부리로) 다듬다 ✽✽✽scraps: 남은 음식
scraps.
01
22053-0087
주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장 적절한 것은?
① (B)-(D)-(C)
76
② (C)-(B)-(D)
③ (C)-(D)-(B)
④ (D)-(B)-(C)
⑤ (D)-(C)-(B)
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02
22053-0088
밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?
① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
⑤ (e)
03
22053-0089
윗글에 관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?
‌
① Claire는 해변을 걷다 앞에서 소동이 벌어지는 것을 알아차렸다.
‌
② 소년들은 자신들이 새에게 물렸다고 말했다.
‌
③ Claire는 새를 들어 올려 겨드랑이에 꼈다.
‌
④ 새는 기름에 뒤덮여 있었다.
‌
⑤ 소년들은 자신들이 이틀간 새에게 먹이를 줬다고 말했다.
Let’s Solve It with Strategies
Step 1
글 전체를 훑어 읽으면서 중심 내용을 파악한다.
Step 2
각 단락의 중심 내용과 단서를 찾아 글의 순서를 파악한다.
Step 3
선택지에 제시된 지칭 대상과 세부 내용을 확인한다.
Claire가 남편과 산책을 하다가 기름에 뒤덮여 있는 새를 구조하는 일화이다.
‌
1. Claire와 그녀의 남편 Tony가 해변을 걷다 소년들이 둥그렇게 모여 서 있고 소동이 벌어지고 있는 것을 알아차
렸다는 내용의 주어진 글 (A)에 이어, 기름에 뒤덮여 있는 새에게 소년들이 남은 음식을 이틀간 먹여 왔다고 말
하는 내용의 (D)가 이어져야 한다. 이어서 소년들은 새가 자신들을 물까 봐 구조 센터로 데리고 가지 못했다는
내용의 (B)가 오고, 마지막으로 Claire가 새를 구조하는 내용인 (C)가 오는 것이 자연스러운 글의 흐름이다.
→ 따라서 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장 적절한 것은 ④이다.
‌
2. (a), (b), (c), (e)는 모두 새에게 먹이를 주던 소년들(several young lads)을 가리키고, (d)는 Claire와 그녀
의 남편 Tony를 가리킨다.
‌
→ 따라서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은 ④이다.
3. (B)에서 그 소년들은 그 새가 자신들을 물까 봐 그것을 들어 올리고 싶지 않았다고 대답했다.
→ 따라서 글의 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은 ②이다.
Vocabulary in Context
 bond 유대(감), 인연
 spot 지점
 lad 사내아이, 소년
 rescue 구조
 give way to ~을 이기지 못하다
 reply 대답하다
 in case ~할까 봐, ~할 경우에 대비해서
 bite 물다 (-bit-bitten)
 fearsome 무시무시한
 goose 거위
 curved 구부러진
 beak 부리
 cry out for ~을 간절히 바라다
 tuck 집어넣다
 struggle 몸부림치다
 coast guard station 해안 경비대 초소
 greedily 욕심껏, 욕심부려
 awful 끔찍한
 feather 깃털
 alive 살아 있는
Chapter 18 장문의 이해 (2): 1지문 3문항
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[01~03] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
(A)
Once there was an aged vegetable vendor who
began each day by arranging vegetables of the
choicest quality on the racks. By evening, he would
sell all the vegetables. As the vegetable vendor got
on in years, his little grandson grew up too. The
boy now wished to accompany his grandfather to
work. So the vegetable vendor took (a) him along
every day to sell vegetables. The grandchild was a
sharp boy, quick in calculating and collecting the
correct amount of money. But the grandchild soon
noticed something very strange happening — some
of the customers would pay them with counterfeit
coins instead of genuine ones. The child brought
this to his grandfather’s notice.
다가오다, 나타나다
가짜의
22053-0090
주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장
적절한 것은?
③ (C)-(D)-(B)
④ (D)-(B)-(C)
‌
‌
‌
② (C)-(B)-(D)
‌
① (B)-(D)-(C)
⑤ (D)-(C)-(B)
02
22053-0091
밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른
것은?
① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
03
⑤ (e)
22053-0092
윗글에 관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?
① 손자는 정확한 액수의 돈을 계산해 받는 데 빨랐다.
② 할아버지는 가짜 돈의 유통을 줄이기 위해 그것을 모아 왔다
고 말했다.
③ 손자는 할아버지의 대답에 만족했다.
④ 손자는 할아버지 몰래 가짜 돈을 구덩이에 묻었다.
⑤ 손자는 할아버지가 신에게 기도하는 것을 자주 들었다.
‌
(C)
But his grandfather still continued to readily
accept the coins instead of refusing them. The
young child always wondered why (c) he did not
take any action against the particular customers
who gave him counterfeit coins. What was even
more surprising was that (d) he would not pass on
any of the counterfeit coins. Instead, he kept each
01
‌
(B)
Unable to contain his curiosity any more, the
grandson asked the reason behind this strange act.
After much persuasion, the grandfather finally
explained the reason behind his actions. “I have
been collecting these coins so that the number of
counterfeit coins in circulation will reduce and
then deceitful customers will have less scope to
cheat innocent people. Perhaps one day, all the
counterfeit coins will disappear from the market.”
The young boy was satisfied with this answer
and respected him for his reasoning. He did not
question (b) his practice again.
‌
✽✽counterfeit:
✽loom:
‌
행상인
(D)
Soon the vegetable vendor grew very old. Death
seemed to loom large on the horizon. As (e) he lay
in bed, the young grandson took good care of him,
and was always by his side. He often heard the
grandfather praying to God: “My gracious Father,
kindly accept me as one more counterfeit coin
amongst the many others.” From his grandfather’s
prayers, the grandson realised that everyone’s life
was just like a counterfeit coin, which would some
day cease to be in circulation and be buried and
forgotten.
‌
✽vendor:
one of them and once he had collected a huge
amount, he would dig a pit, and place them there.
‌
E
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x e r c i s e s
78
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2022-05-10 오후 7:14:38
정답과 해설 51쪽
(C)
A few years later, Sarah was examining the
pop-up book when she noticed that the cat wasn’t
quite the same style as the rest of the book — it
was drawn on slightly glossier paper than the rest
of the book and the lines were a lot darker, almost
as if they were drawn with a felt pen. Her mother,
a gifted artist, had unwrapped the Christmas gift,
hand-drawn and colored a replacement cat, and
glued the newly-created cat into the book. Then,
(d) she wrapped the gift up again and returned
it to the Christmas tree without ever letting her
heartbroken daughter know.
✽glossy:
광택 나는
✽✽felt
pen: 사인펜
(D)
That’s when Sarah discovered that one of the
주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장
적절한 것은?
③ (C)-(D)-(B)
④ (D)-(B)-(C)
‌
‌
‌
② (C)-(B)-(D)
‌
① (B)-(D)-(C)
‌
⑤ (D)-(C)-(B)
05
22053-0094
밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른
것은?
① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
⑤ (e)
06
22053-0095
윗글의 Sarah에 관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?
① 식료품을 살 때 책도 같이 사 달라고 어머니에게 부탁했다.
‌
종종걸음을 치다
22053-0093
② 선물의 상태에 대해 Amy에게 미리 사과했다.
‌
✽scurry:
04
너덜너덜한
③ 고양이가 그려진 종이가 책의 나머지와 다른 것을 몇 년 후
‌
(B)
On Christmas morning, Amy opened the gift
from (b) her elder sister. As Amy did so, Sarah
apologized in advance for the condition of the gift.
Once it was fully opened, Sarah went to show Amy
the page that was damaged. But to her shock, the
cat was right there on the page! And Sarah could
pull the lever and the cat would scurry across the
page. It was a Christmas miracle! She was confused
but very happy that (c) her gift for Amy was perfect.
✽ragged:
에 알게 되었다.
④ 구입한 책의 한 페이지가 손상된 것을 발견했다.
‌
(A)
When Sarah was six years old, just before
Christmas time, she was at the grocery store with
her mother. At the checkout she saw the perfect gift
for her little sister: a Mercer Meyer pop-up book.
Sarah thought Amy, her little sister, would love it.
So Sarah asked her mother to add the book to the
groceries she was purchasing. On Christmas Eve,
Sarah went to wrap up the book. But before (a) she
did, she decided to look through the book and read
the story.
pages was damaged: the cat that was chasing the
little mouse across the page had been torn from
the book — all that remained was some ragged
paper and glue where the cat once sat. Sarah was
devastated, and with tears she told her mother the
state of the book, knowing that there’d be no way
to get a new book from the store before Christmas.
Mother dried Sarah’s tears and encouraged (e) her
to wrap the gift anyway.
⑤ 성탄절 전에 책을 새것으로 교환할 수 있다는 것을 알았다.
‌
[04~06] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
Chapter 18 장문의 이해 (2): 1지문 3문항
책1.indb 79
79
2022-05-10 오후 7:14:38
MEMO
080~168_수능완성(영어)본문실전-8.indd 80
2022-05-10 오후 7:20:33
영어영역
영어
실전 모의고사 1회
실전 모의고사 2회
실전 모의고사 3회
실전 모의고사 4회
실전 모의고사 5회
실전편
080~168_수능완성(영어)본문실전-8.indd 81
2022-05-10 오후 7:20:33
1회
실전 모의고사
문항에 따라 배점이 다릅니다. 3점 문항에는 점수가 표시되어
있습니다. 점수 표시가 없는 문항은 모두 2점입니다.
제한시간
70 분
┃ 배점
04
100 점
22053-0099
대화를 듣고, 그림에서 대화의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르
시오.
1번부터 17번까지는 듣고 답하는 문제입니다. 1번부터 15번까지
는 한 번만 들려주고, 16번부터 17번까지는 두 번 들려줍니다. 방
송을 잘 듣고 답을 하시기 바랍니다.
01
①
②
22053-0096
WN
SUNNY HILL TO
③
⑤
다음을 듣고, 남자가 하는 말의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르
시오.
④
① 손 씻기 교육 캠페인 우수 사례를 소개하려고
② 학교 화장실을 청결하게 사용하도록 당부하려고
③ 전염병 예방 교육 비디오의 시청 감상문을 모집하려고
④ 손 씻는 방법에 관한 교내 캠페인이 진행됨을 알리려고
⑤ 교내에 새로 설치된 손 씻는 시설의 활용을 권유하려고
02
22053-0097
대화를 듣고, 여자의 의견으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
① 식단을 짤 때는 맛보다 영양의 균형을 먼저 고려해야 한다.
‌
② 공복 상태에서의 운동은 부정적인 효과를 낳을 수 있다.
‌
③ 영양 보충제 구매 시 주요 성분을 꼼꼼히 살펴야 한다.
④ 운동 직후 단백질을 섭취하면 근육 발달이 촉진된다.
⑤ 단백질 섭취에서는 양보다 질이 더 중요하다.
03
22053-0098
05
22053-0100
대화를 듣고, 두 사람의 관계를 가장 잘 나타낸 것을 고르시오.
대화를 듣고, 남자가 할 일로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
① 코치 - 주장 선수
① 조별 과제 정리하기
② 상담사 - 내담자
② 도서관 개관 시간 확인하기
③ 헬스 트레이너 - 헬스장 회원
③ 사회 시험 기출 문제 복사하기
④ 기자 - 스포츠 분석가
④ 도서관 그룹 스터디룸 예약하기
⑤ 경기 심판 - 팀 감독
⑤ 친구에게 바뀐 공부 장소 알려 주기
82
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정답과 해설 53쪽
06
22053-0101
대화를 듣고, 여자가 지불할 금액을 고르시오. [3점]
09
22053-0104
Goodfriends Communications Center의 비디오 제작 강좌에
관한 다음 내용을 듣고, 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.
① $9
② $10
① 7월 1일부터 3주 동안 진행된다.
③ $11
② 유명 온라인 비디오 크리에이터의 특별 강연이 있다.
④ $12
③ 저소득 가정을 위한 수강료 할인이 있다.
⑤ $13
④ 최대 30명으로 인원이 제한된다.
⑤ 전화 통화와 문자 메시지로 등록을 확인해 준다.
07
22053-0102
대화를 듣고, 남자가 여행용 가방 주문을 취소한 이유를 고르
시오.
① 여행이 취소되어서
② 색이 마음에 들지 않아서
③ 예상보다 크기가 너무 작아서
④ 삼촌으로부터 여행용 가방을 얻어서
⑤ 가격이 더 싼 다른 가방을 사게 되어서
10
08
22053-0103
다음 표를 보면서 대화를 듣고, 남자가 주문할 자전거용 신발을
고르시오.
Bicycle Shoes
대화를 듣고, Kingston Bookmark Design Competition에
관해 언급되지 않은 것을 고르시오.
① 주최 기관
② 참가 대상
③ 주제
④ 심사 기준
⑤ 수상 혜택
22053-0105
①
②
③
④
⑤
Number
Price
of Dials
Model
Material
Color
A
Mesh Fabric
Black
1
$ 65
B
Mesh Fabric
White
2
$ 71
C
Mesh Fabric
Light Grey
2
$ 85
D
Mesh Fabric
Light Blue
1
$ 93
E
PVC
Yellow
2
$ 108
실전 모의고사 1회
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11
22053-0106
14
22053-0109
대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오.
대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오.
① Right. I got it from the used bookstore.
Man:
③ Yeah. He’s writing another book about it.
④ Perfect. I can go to the library this evening.
② Don’t worry. You’re never too old to learn.
③ Absolutely. We can go to the dance class
together.
④ Good idea. I can teach you how to bake this
weekend.
⑤ I feel sorry for you. You could improve your
social skills.
12
‌
‌
⑤ Sorry. I don’t want to share my book with him.
① I agree. You can borrow my skateboard.
‌
② Okay. I’ll bring it back to you tomorrow.
22053-0107
대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오.
‌
① No, you don’t have to. Let me drive for you
‌
‌
‌
‌
tonight.
② I agree. We should make a spare set of keys just
in case.
③ I’m so forgetful! I need to put things back after
using them.
④ I should’ve told you. Maybe they slipped out of
your pocket.
⑤ Okay. I’ll bring your coat to the cleaner’s after I
get the keys.
13
22053-0108
대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]
Woman:
‌
① Well, I don’t start my presentation with
22053-0110
다음 상황 설명을 듣고, Henry가 Jenny에게 할 말로 가장 적절한
것을 고르시오. [3점]
Henry:
84
① I can teach you effective note-taking skills.
② It’s very important to study with short breaks.
③ How about setting more achievable study goals?
‌
④ I strongly believe you’ll do well on the final
exams.
⑤ Why don’t you find a friend to study with in
your class?
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
questions.
② Right. Your voice will get higher when giving a
presentation.
③ Exactly. I think your presentation slides have too
much information.
④ No. Just memorize the key points and practice
delivering them naturally.
⑤ I agree. You can think more critically by
memorizing essential facts.
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18
[16 ~ 17] 다음을 듣고, 물음에 답하시오.
16
22053-0113
다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?
22053-0111
남자가 하는 말의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
Dear Parents,
① foods that can be used as cleaning supplies
As you know, our school name and logo
will officially change this upcoming semester.
However, students will be permitted to wear
their current school uniforms — they don’t
need to purchase new ones with the new
school name and logo. We will provide new
school logo patches to cover the existing logos
on school jackets and shirts. These patches
need to be ironed on and left to cool to ensure
all edges and corners are firmly attached. We
will distribute the patches on Tuesday and
Wednesday of next week. If you have any
questions or concerns, don’t hesitate to contact
the school office.
② proper ways to wash vegetables and fruits
③ how to choose fresh fruits and vegetables
④ best ways to store food in your fridge
⑤ superfoods that help you detox
17
22053-0112
언급된 식품이 아닌 것은?
Yours sincerely,
Paul Woods
Principal
① lemon
② vinegar
① 다음 학기부터 바뀔 학교명과 교표를 공지하려고
③ onion
② 새 교표 패치 배부와 부착법에 대해 안내하려고
④ ketchup
③ 올바른 교복 세탁 및 관리 방법을 소개하려고
⑤ cucumber
④ 교복 구매 비용 인상 이유에 대해 해명하려고
⑤ 교복 디자인 변경에 대한 의견을 요청하려고
이제 듣기 문제가 끝났습니다. 18번부터는 문제지의 지시에 따
라 답을 하시기 바랍니다.
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20
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다음 글에 드러난 Micol의 심경 변화로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
Micol’s family arrived in Clove by boat, in the
middle of the night. Micol was stunned by the
lights on the water and the web of canals they had
to negotiate to get to the host family’s house. The
whole of Clove looked like a beautiful museum.
She was speechless with the beauty of the city. It
was as if she was in a palace built with precious
Many students hear stories of what college is like
from friends and family, but some of these tales
contain misinformation that can actually hurt their
college performance. For example, Andrew, one of
our students, recently missed class because he was
running late and heard from his brother that you
shouldn’t bother to even go to class if you will be
gemstones. But then dawn rose, and she could
see the decaying buildings, smell the foulness of
the water, and feel in her bones how everything
was rotting. Clove had awfully betrayed her
expectations. “Welcome to the most beautiful
place in the world,” her family’s host said around
the breakfast table, and her brothers agreed. Micol
guessed they were just being polite, but she didn’t
want to hide her feelings. She frowned and stared
at her plate.
more than ten minutes late. He told Andrew that
professors don’t let anyone in when they are so
late. Although this may be true for some classes,
it was not for ours, and Andrew missed some very
important information (and was not able to turn in
an assignment due that day, so he also lost some
points). The moral of this story is to find out your
professors’ rules for attendance and follow them —
don’t take it for granted that the rules are the same
in all cases, and don’t rely on another student’s
“expertise.” Go to the source of the information
you want.
✽foulness:
① fascinated → disappointed
불결함
① 대학 선배들의 경험담을 통해 정보를 최대한 수집하라.
③ desperate → jealous
② 모르는 것이 있으면 주저하지 말고 동료에게 도움을 청하라.
④ curious → relieved
③ 학점에 연연하지 말고 자신의 진로와 관련된 강좌를 수강
⑤ shocked → guilty
‌
② grateful → sympathetic
하라.
‌
④ 대학에서 나태한 생활에 빠지지 말고 스스로 규칙을 세워 지
키라.
‌
⑤ 대학 생활에 관한 충고를 그대로 따르기보다 직접 정보를 확
인하라.
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In English, we say that something suspicious
smells ‘fishy’ or we ‘smell a rat’. Researchers at
the University of Michigan have investigated the
suspicious nature of fishy smells, and they have
found that the connection between smell and
emotion works both ways. Fishy smells make
us suspicious; and being suspicious makes us
more sensitive to fishy smells. So they tested the
ability of subjects to spot misleading information
and to distrust it. A slight whiff of fish oil in
the air, they found, made it more likely that
people would scrutinise unreliable information
with suspicion, and less likely that they would
accept it unthinkingly. They also created the
opposite scenario — by getting a researcher to act
suspiciously during a smell test, they found that
people whose suspicion was aroused were more
likely to discern fishy smells, and better able to
label them correctly. An atmosphere of suspicion
sharpened their response only to fishy smells, not
to other smells. Fishiness really is an attitude as
well as a smell.
✽whiff:
확 풍기는 냄새
✽✽scrutinise:
면밀히 조사하다
✽✽✽arouse:
자극하다
22053-0117
다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
The accessibility of your information’s designated
home can determine how well you maintain the
data in that location. Your data and information
must be easy to access and retrieve; otherwise, you
are unlikely to put information in its designated
home. Maybe you want to put a paper document
in its proper file but aren’t willing to leave your
desk, walk three steps to the right, lift up your arm,
pull open a drawer that is difficult to open, find the
file, and then put the information inside the file
(which is too full to hold anything more, anyway).
Or, maybe you don’t want to take the time to click
through five or six icons and files in a directory
to access a file for updating electronic data. So,
instead of going through all that effort, you’ll
decide to put that information right there on your
desk, where it stays and becomes slowly buried
under lots of other inaccessible information.
① 저장된 자료는 시간이 지남에 따라 그 유용성이 줄어든다.
② 긴급히 필요한 자료일수록 눈에 잘 띄는 곳에 두는 것이
‌
밑줄 친 Fishiness really is an attitude as well as a smell.이
다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
22
좋다.
③ 자료를 먼저 훑어본 다음 저장하면 더욱 자주 활용할 수
‌
22053-0116
있다.
④ 저장하려는 자료를 주제에 따라 목록화하면 필요할 때 찾기
‌
21
쉽다.
⑤ 자료를 보관할 때는 저장과 접근의 용이성을 고려하는 것이
‌
‌
① Being suspicious and the smell of fish are
중요하다.
‌
‌
‌
closely interrelated.
② Suspicion comes from either intuition or others’
responses.
③ The sense of smell is the most direct among all
senses.
④ Fishy smells make people insensitive to other
odors.
⑤ Unpleasant smells can make people more critical.
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22053-0118
24
22053-0119
다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Starting in the 1980s, in the hierarchy of joggers
it felt natural to aim to complete a city marathon. It
was not only a test of manhood; it was also a proud,
if breathless, symbol of mankind’s need to take on
physical challenges in the company of others. The
lives of most joggers did not involve hard physical
teamwork in agriculture or industry and by running
Once at the ancient Olympic Games, the visitors
endured exceptionally harsh living conditions.
Even though Olympia was a stunning place and
very quiet, its location was very isolated: an ancient
Bridge to Nowhere. There was just a lone inn,
which only the more fortunate people occupied.
The remainder of the travelers either pitched a tent
in a crowd they experienced companionship and a
sense of belonging at the same time as satisfying
their competitive instincts. They felt inner joy and
intense pain on a number of levels, at the same time
as feeling pride and exclusiveness in that they were
sharing a starting line with the international elite.
The city marathon was a journey into a fascinating
urban jungle, a voyage into the unexplored
areas of the soul and an expansion of one’s own
physical horizons. Races like this, even those over
shorter distances, among tourist attractions and
skyscrapers, would become a memory for life.
or resided on a choice spot in the open countryside,
exposed to the elements. Since the games were
held during the summertime, when the weather was
incredibly hot and dry, nobody could wash or drink
water from the two nearby rivers, which had dried
up. People routinely collapsed from heatstroke,
and the place stunk to high heaven from body odor
and complete lack of sanitation. While observing
the Games, there were no seats, only grassy banks
where most people would stand and watch. The
origin of the word stadium is derived from the
Greek word stadion, which means a place to stand.
✽sanitation:
위생 시설
‌
① reasons city marathons were popular among
‌
① Crowds: An Ever-Existing Feature of Spectator
‌
‌
Sports
② Endurance: A Virtue Praised by the Ancient
Greeks
③ Attending the Ancient Olympics: Far from
Comfortable
④ The Ancient Olympics: Citizen-Only
Entertainment
⑤ Gaps Between Assumptions for and Realities of
the Ancient Olympics
‌
‌
‌
‌
joggers
② differences between elite runners and amateur
joggers
③ competitive instincts displayed in city marathons
④ physical abilities required to run a city marathon
⑤ positive impacts of city marathons on host cities
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22053-0120
다음 도표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
Quarter2
Quarter3
Quarter4
160,000
140,000
Tonnes
120,000
100,000
80,000
60,000
0
2016
2017
22053-0121
Jane Addams에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
Australian Global Sheep Meat Exports
Quarter1
26
2018
2019
The above graph shows Australian global sheep
meat exports by quarter from 2016 to 2019.
① Global sheep meat exports in the first and second
quarters decreased from 2016 to 2017, but they
increased from 2017 to 2019. ② The global sheep
meat exports in the third quarter increased from
2016 to 2018, but dropped to under 100,000 tonnes
in 2019. ③ The fourth quarter saw a steady increase
in global sheep meat exports from 2016 to 2019,
recording more than 140,000 tonnes of exports in
2019. ④ From 2017 to 2019, the fourth quarters
showed the largest amount of global sheep meat
exports among the four quarters. ⑤ In each of the
four years covered in the graph, the third quarter
had the smallest amount of global sheep meat
exports among the four quarters, except in 2018,
when the exports of the third quarter were under
100,000 tonnes.
Jane Addams was born in Cedarville, Illinois
in 1860. Addams was among the first American
women to graduate from college. Frustrated by the
lack of opportunities available to intelligent and
ambitious young women, she traveled to Europe
with a college friend, Ellen Gates Starr. While in
London, they were inspired by Toynbee Hall, a
house where college-educated people volunteered
to help poor local residents. On returning to
Chicago, Addams and Starr founded a similar
type of settlement house for poor people. Later,
she became motivated to physically improve her
neighborhood. When the city ignored her reports
on the garbage administration conditions, she
tried to get a job as a garbage collector. The city
of Chicago did not give her that job, but in 1895,
appointed her the inspector of garbage. Throughout
her life, Addams was an advocate for the underclass
and also a leader of progressive movement. In
1931, she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
Addams published eleven books, including her
autobiography, which is still read widely.
✽settlement
house: 사회 복지관
① 대학 친구와 함께 유럽으로 여행을 떠났다.
② London에서 Toynbee Hall에 의해 영감을 받았다.
③ 쓰레기 관리 상태에 관한 보고서가 시로부터 주목받았다.
④ Chicago 시의 쓰레기 감시관으로 임명되었다.
⑤ 11권의 책을 출간했고, 자서전이 여전히 널리 읽힌다.
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22053-0122
Paint Recycling Drop-Off Event에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과
일치하지 않는 것은?
28
22053-0123
Heritage Soul Food Cook-Off에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일
치하는 것은?
Paint Recycling Drop-Off Event
Heritage Soul Food Cook-Off
F r e e a n d o p e n t o L aw r e n c e C o u n t y
residents only
CALLING ALL COOKS!
Come and showcase
your soul food cooking talents!
Free to enter!
Date and time: Saturday, September 24th, 8:00
AM – 12:00 PM
Location: Madera District Fairgrounds —
Parking Lot B
WE ACCEPT:
– House paint
– Deck and concrete sealers
– Glues
* Note: Paint must be sealed, in the original
container with the original manufacturer label.
‌
Saturday, October 22nd, 11 AM – 5 PM
Harrison Community Center
Food drop-off until 1 PM
Categories: Entrées, Side Dishes, Desserts
The Finer Details:
– There will be prizes for the first-place winners
in each category.
– Cooks do not need to be present at the time of
judging.
– Winners will be announced at 3:30 PM.
– Entries will be judged on a scale of 1 – 10 on
the following:
Creativity / Taste / Soul Food Authenticity
– Entrants must bring prepared food. (Heating
devices will be provided.)
‌
‌
WE DO NOT ACCEPT:
– Spray paint
– Containers larger than 5 gallons
‌
‌
Prior to drop-off, please:
– Register online or call (855) 234 – 8909.
– Load the paint materials in your vehicle’s
trunk.
‌
When you drop off, please:
– Unlock your vehicle’s trunk.
– A llow event staff to remove the paint
containers from your vehicle.
‌
To learn more, visit www.recyclepaint.org.
① Lawrence County의 주민만 참여할 수 있다.
‌
‌
After judging, the remaining food will be served
to eat.
Register by email: harrisoncenter@goodmail.
org
For questions, visit http://www.harrisoncenter.
org and click the related link.
✽entrée:
앙트레(주요리, 또는 주요리 앞에 나오는 요리)
② 9월 24일 오전에 4시간 동안 개최된다.
① 경연에 참가할 음식은 오후 2시까지 제출해야 한다.
③ 페인트는 상표가 붙은 원래 용기에 밀봉되어 있어야 한다.
② 세 부문을 통틀어 종합 우승자 한 명에게 상이 주어진다.
④ 기부하는 페인트 용기의 크기에는 제한이 없다.
③ 요리한 사람은 심사 시간에 참석해야 한다.
⑤ 행사 요원이 차량에서 페인트 용기를 꺼내게 해야 한다.
④ 참가작은 세 가지 영역에서 1부터 10까지의 척도로 평가된다.
⑤ 데우는 도구는 제공되지 않으므로 가져와야 한다.
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22053-0124
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
[3점]
It wasn’t long before the consequences of
completely getting rid of wolves in Yellowstone
became clear. No sooner was the pressure from
predators ① lifted than elk populations began to
increase steadily, and large areas of the park were
stripped bare by the greedy animals. Riverbanks
were particularly hard hit. The juicy grass by
the river disappeared, along with all the saplings
② growing there. Now this barren landscape
didn’t provide enough food even for birds, and the
number of species declined drastically. Beavers
were among the losers, because they depend not
only on water but also on the trees ③ that grow by
the river — willows and poplars are some of their
favourite foods. They cut them down so they can
get at the trees’ nutrient-rich new growth, ④ which
they devour with satisfaction. Because all the young
deciduous trees alongside the water ⑤ was ending
up in the stomachs of hungry elk, the beavers had
nothing to gnaw on, and they disappeared.
✽sapling:
묘목
✽✽deciduous:
낙엽성의
✽✽✽gnaw:
갉다
30
22053-0125
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은
것은?
Imagine a population that consists of solid
citizens and shirkers. The solid citizens produce
a public good that is ① available to everybody,
including themselves. For purposes of the example,
let’s say that the public good can be produced at
no cost to the solid citizens. Not only do they share
the richness, but they lose nothing by ② creating
it. Even so, the solid citizens will not be favored
by natural selection in this example because the
solid citizens and shirkers do not differ in their
survival or reproduction. Natural selection requires
③ differences in fitness so raising or lowering the
fitness of everyone in the population has no effect.
If, as seems likely, the public good is costly to
produce, the solid citizens will go extinct, even
if they share the benefits, because their private
cost ④ enhances their fitness relative to the
shirkers. Behaviors that are “for the good of the
group” are at best ⑤ neutral (if the public good is
cost-free) and at worst maladaptive (if there is any
cost associated with producing the public good).
✽shirker:
게으름뱅이
✽✽maladaptive:
비적응적인
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[31 ~ 34] 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
32
31
Language plays an important role in how we
think about people. Many philosophers in the
Western tradition consider human language to
be unique, and some even believe that language
is fundamental to what makes us human. For
Aristotle, command of language was necessary
to make a distinction between good and bad, and
so it determined who could belong to the political
community. Descartes believed that we can deduce
from the fact that animals are unable to speak that
they do not think. The Enlightenment philosopher
Kant concluded that animals had no logos, or
reason, and therefore fell outside the moral
community. For the phenomenologist Heidegger,
language was so important for our place in the
world that those who have no language cannot
die; they simply disappear. All these philosophers
defined language as human language, automatically
excluding other animals. For them, language was
. [3점]
① vertical play
② surface material
③ human possibility
④ players’ motivation
✽✽phenomenologist:
현상학자
‌
① connected to thinking itself, and viewed as an
expression of reason
② a redundancy, only a time-consuming medium
for communication
③ loaded with implicit political meanings as well
as direct messages
④ communicated as one’s unique responses to the
outer world
⑤ used to reflect a person’s status in the social
hierarchy
‌
⑤ interpersonal distance
추론하다
‌
of lived space.
✽deduce:
‌
Basketball’s comparative lack of reliance upon
technology allows it to make better use of space
than a game such as hockey. Hockey players —
using fiberglass sticks, skating on a low-friction
surface, and wearing extensive protective gear
— move at a speed that reduces their freedom to
explore. As a result, hockey players tend to race
swiftly from end to end with relatively few scoring
opportunities. Basketball, in contrast, makes little
use of technology. Players run, jump, and shoot
virtually without the aid of technological devices.
Therefore the speed of the game is limited, not
by technology, but by
. Plays
happen as quickly as humans move — not as fast as
technology allows. This also explains why versions
of basketball played on trampolines don’t grab us,
despite their heightened vertical appeal. We still
love the horizontal, organic quality of basketball
that is lost when the game is transformed into a
technological sideshow that reduces the complexity
‌
22053-0126
22053-0127
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33
22053-0128
Most current social science is based on either
analysis of laboratory phenomena or on surveys —
that is, on descriptions of averages or stereotypes.
These approaches don’t account for the complexity
of real life, when all of our mental quirks operate
at the same time. They also miss the critical
fact that the details about the people we interact
with, and how we interact with them, matter as
much as market forces or class structures. Social
phenomena are really made up of billions of small
transactions between individuals — people trading
not only goods and money but also information,
ideas, or just gossip. There are patterns in those
individual transactions that drive phenomena such
as financial crashes and Arab springs. We need
to understand these micropatterns because they
don’t just
.
Big data give us a chance to view society in all its
complexity, through the millions of networks of
person-to-person exchanges. [3점]
✽quirk:
별난 점
‌
① accumulate to cause meaningful impacts on
22053-0129
Science and technology can be easily put to
the service of any decision. Science’s esoteric
character, its inaccessibility for many people,
converts the scientific system into a resource that
symbolizes independence and objectivity. That
is why science has frequently been hailed as an
authority that can be employed for controversial
decisions. But a degree of distrust has always
accompanied the development of science and
technology, even though it does not seem that the
future will be any different. A curious coincidence
occurs in contemporary society: the loss of fear and
respect for authority figures and for governmental
regulations is accompanied by a growing concern
about the negative effects of technological and
scientific progress. When we consider the problems
of the environment, the consequences of using
certain technological devices, the perception that
not all social problems can be rationally controlled
or avoided or resolved through planning, it is
clear that science and technology no longer enjoy
general and unquestioned trust. It seems as if
. [3점]
✽esoteric:
난해한
✽✽hail:
환영하다
‌
① social problems are technical issues rather than
‌
‌
political ones
② scientific and technological progress is far from
slowing down
③ every decision we make is accompanied by
several options
④ our decrease in fear is being compensated by an
increase in concern
⑤ the technology that humanity possesses is not
properly being applied
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
society
② average out to the classical way of understanding
society
③ reflect societal norms that determine how people
interact
④ create economic opportunities for those
personally involved
⑤ p r o v i d e s o c i a l g u i d e l i n e s t o f o l l ow i n
interpersonal relationships
34
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다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
Totemism is the symbolic association of plants,
animals or objects with individuals or groups of
people, and is a characteristic feature of traditional
societies. ① In one of the most well-known
analyses of totemism, Lévi-Strauss argues that it
is a common process in which the natural world is
divided into different groups of species and things
in ways which reflect and create social differences.
② He argues that the term totemism covers
relations, posed ideologically between two series,
one natural the other cultural; that is, a natural
object comes to stand for, or be the symbolic
representation of, a tribe or a social group. ③ That
tribe is recognized by its use of the object and its
members’ shared appreciation of what the object
stands for. ④ Most primitive tribes have no writing
system, so it is not possible to learn much about
the nature of their past social institutions. ⑤ The
object is thus simultaneously a natural and a
cultural object; its meaning is closely tied to the
ways in which it acts as a means of communicating
the social hierarchies of the group for whom it has
cultural significance.
[36~37] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것
을 고르시오.
36
22053-0131
The format of the picture postcard was in
its own time experienced as a revolutionary
communications technology. Before the
introduction of the postcard (initially without
any image) in 1867, the overwhelmingly most
common way of corresponding with someone
was by letter.
(A) The postcard, in contrast, was the perfect
carrier of a short message without the apparatus
of associated formal, taught conventions.
And, even better, with a picture postcard
writers could make their communication more
appealing. It had the feel of sending a gift, yet
at less cost than the effortful letter.
‌
22053-0130
(B) Letters were, understandably, a focus of
education. People were taught at school about
writing correctly, formatting letters and textual
conventions. If they were insecure about their
knowledge, there were plenty of etiquette
manuals and advice in the media about how to
do it properly.
‌
35
‌
(C) There was a tremendous choice of images
available on postcards, not just scenes like local
castles but photographs of actresses and other
celebrities, cute cats and dogs, reproductions
of high art or popular culture items — really
almost any topic photographers and publishers
could think of. Or you could commission or
produce your own card.
✽apparatus:
① (A)-(C)-(B)
② (B)-(A)-(C)
③ (B)-(C)-(A)
④ (C)-(A)-(B)
장치, 기구
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
94
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37
22053-0132
The reproducibility of published results is
the backbone of scientific research. Objectivity
is crucial for science and requires that
observations, experiments and theories be
checked independently of their authors before
being accepted for publication.
적절한 곳을 고르시오.
38
22053-0133
In turn, your choices combine with those of
many other toothpaste purchasers to determine
which brands remain on the market and which
ones fail and disappear.
‌
(A) Unfortunately, this is not the case today, as
most peer-reviewed journals belong to a few
major publishers, who keep scientific articles
behind pay-walls. Since all over the world the
majority of research programs are supported by
public funds financed by taxpayers, not only
researchers, but everyone from everywhere
should have access to scientific publications.
[38 ~ 39] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장
‌
(B) C o n s e q u e n t l y, t h e s e t o f a l l s c i e n t i fi c
publications is the common heritage that
researchers have collectively built over centuries,
and are constantly developing. Given the
constructive and universal nature of science,
any researcher should have access, as early and
easily as possible, to all scientific publications.
‌
(C) Indeed, a result to be recognized as scientific
must be presented and explained in an article
which has been reviewed and accepted by peers,
i.e., researchers able to understand, verify and,
if necessary, correct it. It is only after successful
peer review that a new result can be published
and belongs to scientific knowledge. [3점]
✽pay-wall:
Culture extends the degree of social participation
and interdependence. Much of what people do in a
culture is linked to other people and indeed to the
culture generally. ( ① ) Even a seemingly private
activity such as brushing your teeth is a form of
cultural participation. ( ② ) The brand of toothpaste
you choose reflects what the market has produced
to offer you, and if there are several brands your
choice is probably shaped by cultural messages
such as advertising slogans. ( ③ ) When a firm goes
bankrupt, many individuals lose their jobs, and
their families may face troubles. ( ④ ) Moreover,
brushing teeth is not instilled in our genes via
some evolutionary process that weeded out
non-tooth brushers and left us all with an innate
urge to brush. ( ⑤ ) On the contrary, you probably
brush because you were taught to do so by your
parents, and probably you sustain the practice
because you believe other people will like you
better if your breath smells fresh and your teeth
look white.
✽instill:
주입하다
✽✽weed
out: ~을 제거하다
유료화 벽(유료 구독자에게 이용을 한정하는 방식)
① (A)-(C)-(B)
② (B)-(A)-(C)
③ (B)-(C)-(A)
④ (C)-(A)-(B)
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
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39
22053-0134
However, it might reduce the advantage you
may have had if you were the only one to know
something or were allowed to exclude others
from using what you know.
Today, in practice in industrialized countries, the
rationale for protecting the intangibles created by
intellectual property is essentially utilitarian — with
the utility focused on promotion of innovation on the
assumption that this will bring benefits for all. ( ① )
For example, knowledge about how to make
something, unlike a physical object such as a piece
of bread, can be used or consumed by one person
without limiting its use by others. ( ② ) Sharing
knowledge with others, then, does not reduce the
amount you have, unlike sharing a piece of bread.
( ③ ) The problem is that while the widest possible
dissemination of new knowledge makes for the
greatest economic efficiency, if everybody is free to
use new knowledge, inventors have little incentive
to invest in producing it. ( ④ ) The various forms
of intellectual property stop that sharing (usually
temporarily) by transforming knowledge from a
shared public good into a private good. ( ⑤ ) In
other words, intellectual property creates scarcity
where there need be none. [3점]
✽intangible:
무형 자산
✽✽dissemination:
40
22053-0135
다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에
들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
Imagine offering a group of people either donuts
or chocolate ice cream. The group is indifferent
overall, which means that half the people in the
group will choose donuts and the other half will
choose chocolate ice cream. Now imagine that
a third option is introduced and in this case it is
fish-flavored ice cream. The introduction of this
option, which is less preferred than the other
two options, can shift people’s choices between
donuts and chocolate ice cream. The attraction
effect occurs when an unwanted option makes
the option to which it compares most closely
seem more attractive, and leads people to choose
the comparatively better option. In this case, it is
chocolate ice cream. The key to why this is such
an interesting effect is that the third option is
undesirable and therefore irrelevant. Because no
one would ever choose fish-flavored ice cream, all
the people should still be undecided about whether
they want chocolate ice cream or donuts. But all of
a sudden, because of the fish-flavored ice cream,
the chocolate ice cream seems more appealing.

(A)
Adding a less
option to an existing
choice set increases the likelihood of people
(B)
choosing the option that can be its
from the original set.
보급, 유포
(A)
① harmful
② popular
③ difficult
④ restrictive
⑤ favorable
96
⋯⋯
⋯⋯
⋯⋯
⋯⋯
⋯⋯
(B)
threat
reward
benefit
obstacle
alternative
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[41 ~ 42] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
41
The most plausible explanation for the science
communication problem is the public’s limited
capacity to comprehend science. The public is
only (a) modestly science literate. About half, we
are regularly reminded, understands that the earth
orbits the sun in a year as opposed to a day; less
than a quarter knows that nitrogen is the most
common gas in the earth’s atmosphere; less than
10% can make sense of a two-by-two contingency
table essential to determining the ratio of true to
false positives when assessing medical test results.
So how can members of the public possibly be
expected to understand what scientists are saying
when scientists try to explain (b) complex issues
like climate change or nuclear power?
More important still, members of the public do
not think the way scientists do. They rely on rapid,
intuitive, affect-driven sources of information
processing to the (c) exclusion of the deliberate,
conscious, analytic ones essential to making
appropriate judgments of risk. As a result, they tend
to overestimate the magnitude of more emotionally
윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
charged disasters (e.g., terrorist attacks) and
(d) discount more consequential but more temporally
or emotionally remote ones (e.g., the impact of
human-caused climate change). They also are
more likely to rely on defective heuristics, such
as crediting the opinions of their peers, a form of
reasoning that can (e) inhibit self-reinforcing states
of polarization.
✽contingency
table: 분할표
✽✽heuristics:
22053-0136
‌
① How to Improve Science Communication with
‌
‌
‌
‌
the Public
② Scientists’ Need to Fulfill Their Responsibility
to the Public
③ Importance of the General Public’s Views on
Scientific Issues
④ Why It Is Hard for Scientists to Communicate
with the Public
⑤ Natural Disasters That Scientists Cannot Predict
with Reliability
42
22053-0137
밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은
것은? [3점]
① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
⑤ (e)
경험적 지식
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(C)
The iron lucky-fish design worked. Mr. Charles
said, “The iron fish — 7.6 centimetres long and
about 200 grams — work by boiling them in water
or soup for a minimum of 10 minutes to enhance
the iron. We’re getting fantastic results; there seems
to be a huge decrease in anemia and the village
women say they feel good, no dizziness, fewer
headaches. The iron fish is incredibly powerful.”
The iron fish will save the Cambodians and
improve the quality of (c) their lives. Mr. Charles
said that he did learn an important lesson: “You can
have the best treatment in the world, but if people
won’t use it, it won’t matter.”
98
43
22053-0138
주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장
적절한 것은?
① (B)-(D)-(C)
③ (C)-(D)-(B)
② (C)-(B)-(D)
(B)
Fortunately, Mr. Charles came up with a design
that the Cambodians did like: the design of a fish
that (b) they believed to be lucky. Mr. Charles said,
“Some nights I wondered what I had got myself
into; here I was in a village with no running water,
no electricity, and no way to use my computer.”
He added, “We knew some random piece of ugly
metal wouldn’t work, so we had to come up with
an attractive idea. It became a challenge in social
marketing.”
④ (D)-(B)-(C)
빈혈증
⑤ (D)-(C)-(B)
44
22053-0139
밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?
① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
45
⑤ (e)
22053-0140
윗글에 관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?
① Christopher Charles 는 철분 결핍의 극복을 돕는
‌
✽anemia:
프로젝트를 맡았다.
② Christopher Charles는 수돗물과 전기가 없는 마을에
‌
University of Guelph (Canada) researcher
Christopher Charles, with the help of two
r e s e a r c h e r s f r o m R e s e a r c h D ev e l o p m e n t
International in Cambodia, took on the project of
helping the Cambodians overcome (a) their iron
deficiency. This deficiency led to anemia, with the
associated problems of headaches and impaired
brain development for infants. Solving the problem
seemed to be easy: get more iron into their diet.
있었다.
③ 프로젝트 시행 후 마을 여성들은 두통이 줄어들었다고 말했다.
‌
(A)
(D)
However, solving the problem turned out to be
hard. (d) The Cambodians were not rich enough to
be able to afford red meat. Indeed, iron deficiency,
which affects approximately 3.5 billion people, is
a disease of poverty. If the Cambodians were to
cook in iron pots, that would work, but they found
the iron pots to be heavy and expensive and so they
would not use (e) them. Putting a piece of iron in
their cooking pots while cooking food would also
work, but the Cambodians disliked such designs as
circles.
④ 캄보디아 사람들의 철분 결핍 원인은 가난과 관련이 있었다.
‌
[43 ~ 45] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
⑤ 캄보디아 사람들은 원형 디자인의 철 조각을 매우 좋아했다.
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2회
실전 모의고사
제한시간
70 분
┃ 배점
100 점
정답과 해설 76쪽
문항에 따라 배점이 다릅니다. 3점 문항에는 점수가 표시되어
있습니다. 점수 표시가 없는 문항은 모두 2점입니다.
04
22053-0144
대화를 듣고, 그림에서 대화의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르
시오.
1번부터 17번까지는 듣고 답하는 문제입니다. 1번부터 15번까지
는 한 번만 들려주고, 16번부터 17번까지는 두 번 들려줍니다. 방
송을 잘 듣고 답을 하시기 바랍니다.
01
④
22053-0141
②
다음을 듣고, 여자가 하는 말의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르
시오.
③
①
① 시력 저하의 원인을 설명하려고
⑤
② 시력 검사의 중요성을 강조하려고
③ 블루라이트 차단 안경을 홍보하려고
④ 눈 건강을 유지하는 방법을 알려 주려고
⑤ 시력 보호에 도움이 되는 식품을 소개하려고
02
22053-0142
대화를 듣고, 남자의 의견으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
① 역사관 확립을 위해 다양한 역사서를 읽어야 한다.
② 전기를 읽는 것은 역사를 이해하는 데 도움이 된다.
③ 여러 전기를 읽으면 인생의 롤모델을 찾을 수 있다.
④ 토론을 통해 역사 과목에 대한 흥미를 키울 수 있다.
⑤ 인문학적 소양을 기르기 위해 역사 공부는 필수적이다.
03
22053-0143
05
22053-0145
대화를 듣고, 두 사람의 관계를 가장 잘 나타낸 것을 고르시오.
대화를 듣고, 여자가 할 일로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
① 아나운서 - 배우
① 저녁 식사 주문하기
② 무대 연출가 - 가수
② 언니에게 전화하기
③ 방송 작가 - 소설가
③ 발표 자료 찾기
④ 신문 기자 - 영화감독
④ 해산물 사 오기
⑤ 라디오 쇼 진행자 - 만화가
⑤ 디저트 만들기
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06
22053-0146
대화를 듣고, 남자가 지불할 금액을 고르시오. [3점]
09
22053-0149
2022 Franklin Painting Contest에 관한 다음 내용을 듣고, 일
치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.
① $27
② $30
① 개교기념일을 기념하기 위해 개최된다.
③ $36
② 참가자는 학교 잔디밭에서 그림을 그린다.
④ $40
③ 참가자에게 그림 그릴 종이가 제공된다.
⑤ $46
④ 그림의 주제는 대회 하루 전날 공지된다.
⑤ 다음 주 수요일까지 참가 신청을 할 수 있다.
07
22053-0147
대화를 듣고, 여자가 농구 시합을 관람하러 갈 수 없는 이유를
고르시오.
① 반려견을 산책시켜야 해서
② 엄마와 함께 외출해야 해서
③ 반려견을 홀로 집에 둘 수 없어서
④ 엄마 대신 어린 동생을 돌봐야 해서
⑤ 반려견을 동물 병원에 데려가야 해서
10
22053-0150
다음 표를 보면서 대화를 듣고, 여자가 주문할 주방 저울을 고르
시오.
Digital Kitchen Scales
08
Model
Color
Maximum
Surface Material
Weight
Price
22053-0148
①
A
Black
7 kg
Glass
$ 17
대화를 듣고, K-Culture Festival에 관해 언급되지 않은 것을
고르시오.
②
B
Silver
10 kg
High Quality
Glass
$ 20
① 행사 기간
③
C
Silver
10 kg
Stainless Steel
$ 23
④
D
Silver
10 kg
High Quality
Stainless Steel
$ 26
⑤
E
Silver
15 kg
High Quality
Glass
$ 29
② 행사 장소
③ 체험 활동
④ 초대 가수
⑤ 특별 공연
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11
22053-0151
14
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대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오.
대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]
① Great. Then, there will be more space.
Man:
④ Never mind. The lights just started working.
② Then, I’ll check my schedule and discuss it with
you.
③ Okay, then I’ll just have to wait for the next
event.
④ Thanks, but you don’t have to change the
location.
⑤ Really? Thank you for your special
consideration.
‌
‌
‌
⑤ I’m afraid not. The wrong size got delivered.
① I’m sorry, but I can’t cancel my application.
‌
③ Sounds good. I’ll go with you to the store.
‌
② No problem. It shouldn’t be that difficult.
12
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대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오.
① I’m sorry. I won’t let this happen again.
② Really? Then, I should ask her for help.
③ Great idea. I’ll reread my notes from class.
④ Of course. I’ve visited her office several times.
⑤ I’ll call you right away if I have any questions.
13
15
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대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오.
다음 상황 설명을 듣고, Claire가 David에게 할 말로 가장 적절한
것을 고르시오. [3점]
Claire:
① Try taking a shower alternately with hot and cold
‌
Woman:
22053-0155
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
you.
③ Great! I’ll check if they have some good history
books.
④ Sure. I’ll help you organize and arrange your
books.
⑤ Me, too. I like reading science stories in history
books, too.
‌
‌
② Don’t worry. I’ll go to the school library with
water.
② I think drinking a lot of warm water will possibly
help out.
③ Let me go to my desk and get you one of my
painkillers.
④ Taking a hot bath for 30 minutes may relieve
your headache.
⑤ It would be good to take a painkiller every day
before going to bed.
‌
① That’s amazing! Now I really like science, too.
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[16 ~ 17] 다음을 듣고, 물음에 답하시오.
22053-0158
다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?
16
22053-0156
여자가 하는 말의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
Dear Mayor Simmons,
① ways animals attract their prey
② food webs found in various habitats
③ methods animals use to avoid predators
④ types of messages animals send to humans
‌
⑤ strategies animals employ for finding food
resources
17
22053-0157
언급된 동물이 아닌 것은?
① crows
② gazelles
③ cheetahs
④ rabbits
⑤ prairie dogs
My children have been swimming at
Clark Swim Center since they were five
years old. Through this, they have kept in
great cardiovascular, as well as muscular,
condition. The swim meets held at the
pool provide opportunities for neighbors to
compete and they encourage parents to work
together to host a successful swim meet.
When my family heard that the pool would
be closed from October, my kids were very
disappointed. I am strongly opposed to
the proposed measure to close down the
pool. Closing this pool would seriously
affect many kids and committed athletes.
While I understand the closure is related to
controlling the city budget, the swim center
serves a critical recreational need for local
residents, especially children. I strongly
request the city council reconsider closing
it.
Sincerely,
David Robinson
✽cardiovascular:
심혈관의
① 어린이 수영 대회 개최를 제안하려고
② 어린이 전용 수영장 설치를 건의하려고
③ 수영장의 안전 점검 계획을 문의하려고
④ 수영장 폐장 계획을 재고할 것을 요청하려고
⑤ 수영장의 수질 관리 상황에 대해 항의하려고
이제 듣기 문제가 끝났습니다. 18번부터는 문제지의 지시에 따
라 답을 하시기 바랍니다.
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다음 글에 드러난 ‘I’의 심경 변화로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
It was a fresh autumn afternoon. The sun shone
brightly against the changing leaves. My two dogs,
Buddy and Eva, were in need of getting out so
that’s just what we did. It was the best part of my
day. The cool air felt refreshing in my lungs as I
jogged. The area I normally walk in was busy with
school children, so I took a different route. As I
turned the corner next to a busy highway, both pups
alerted me that something was wrong by flanking
my sides and pressing their warm furry bodies
against my yoga pants. Both of them growled low,
hair raised on their backs. I started to look around.
That was when I saw him. He was a large man with
slicked-back hair, a black coat, a large hooked nose
and sharp eyes. I thought he could attack me at
any moment. A chill ran down my spine. The cool
refreshing air now burned my lungs.
In the preschool environment, children are given
an opportunity to engage in imaginative play and
are able to further develop social skills learned
from their families at home. However, in today’s
high-pressure world, some preschools may be
overemphasizing academic materials more than
social skills and play. It is important for parents to
adequately research various preschool environments
to ensure that a preschool environment is the right
fit for the child. Young children learn best through
hands-on, playful activities. Caregivers should
be wary of preschools with too many academic
worksheets. For example, while parents often feel
great seeing a page where their child has written the
letter B numerous times, the child may have been
extremely frustrated completing the assignment if
his or her fine motor skills were not ready. Having
a child draw the letter in the sand with a stick may
be a better choice.
✽flank:
① bored → grateful
측면에 서다
✽wary:
② satisfied → jealous
④ hopeful → sorrowful
⑤ indifferent → gloomy
‌
① 자연 친화적인 교육을 통해 아동의 정서적 안정감을 강화
해야 한다.
② 신체와 정서 발달을 위해 아동에게 적절한 휴식 시간을
‌
③ delighted → scared
조심하는
확보해 주어야 한다.
‌
③ 미취학 아동에게 글자를 가르칠 때 도전적이고 흥미로운
과제를 제시해야 한다.
‌
④ 유치원은 아동의 연령별 발달 특성에 맞는 학습 공간과
교수법을 개발해야 한다.
‌
⑤ 취학 전 자녀에게 놀이의 기회가 부여되고 사회성 기술을
발전시킬 교육 환경을 찾아 주어야 한다.
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밑줄 친 the butterfly flapped its wings가 다음 글에서 의미하
는 바로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]
Many species have languages; birds and baboons
can warn others in their group of the approach of
predators. But animal languages can share only the
simplest of ideas, almost all of them linked to what
is immediately present, a bit like mime. Several
researchers have tried to teach chimps to talk, and
chimps can, indeed, acquire and use vocabularies of
one or two hundred words; they can even link pairs
of words in new patterns. But their vocabularies
are small and they don’t use syntax or grammar,
the rules that allow us to generate a huge variety of
meanings from a small number of verbal tokens.
Their linguistic ability seems never to exceed that
of a two- or three-year-old human, and that is not
enough to create today’s world. And here’s where
the butterfly flapped its wings. Human language
crossed a subtle linguistic threshold that allowed
utterly new types of communication. Above all,
human languages let us share information about
abstract entities or about things or possibilities that
are not immediately present and may not even exist
outside of our imagination.
✽mime:
무언극
✽✽syntax:
구문(론)
✽✽✽threshold:
한계점
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다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
Most people fear many things, both great and
small, and though we may never have to face up to
our worst nightmares, few of us are unfamiliar with
the sweaty palms and parched lips that are typical
physical accompaniments to the emotion of fear.
Fear is not, of course, a pleasant sensation, and it
often impedes our acting in the ways we think we
ought to. For those reasons, we might consider that
humankind would have been better off if endowed
with a literally fearless nature. But that would be
a big mistake. For frail and vulnerable creatures
like ourselves, a disposition to feel fear is a vital
evolutionary acquisition, since it prompts us to take
care of ourselves in situations of danger. Those
who feared nothing would dare anything; and the
consequences would all too often be disastrous.
Fear, it is true, sometimes applies the brakes too
sharply to our efforts; but it is better to possess
brakes that are occasionally over-effective than to
have no brakes at all.
✽parched:
바짝 마른
✽✽impede:
방해하다, 지연시키다
① 두려움은 위험에서 우리를 보호해 주는 역할을 한다.
② 실수하는 것을 두려워하면 어떠한 일도 해낼 수 없다.
③ 동일한 대상에 대한 두려움의 정도는 사람마다 다르다.
④ 지나친 두려움은 과거의 정신적 상처와 연관되어 있다.
abstract and vague words.
② The rate at which animals learned by trial and
error varied between species.
③ Humans evolved into more cooperative beings
because of their social habits and conventions.
④ A large number of animals began to depend on
both verbal and nonverbal communication to
express themselves.
⑤ Human language went beyond the limitations of
animal language to evolve into more advanced
forms of communication.
⑤ 신체 반응을 통해서 사람의 감정 상태를 추측할 수 있다.
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
① Humans placed a priority on comprehending
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다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Clean water is to fish what clean air is to people.
Unfortunately, as a result of human activities,
aquatic environments are being degraded as they
receive excess sediments from deforested areas,
contaminated waters from cities and agricultural
fields, and other human and animal wastes. Located
at the interface between land and water, wetlands
In recent years, an increasing number of
separation walls have been built around the world.
It is estimated that in the last decade almost 40,000
kilometres of walls and fences have been built in 65
major projects. Observers regularly voice worries
about the current worldwide expansion of walls. By
and large, it is assumed that their presence fosters
intercept water and sediments coming from
uplands. In this position, wetlands act as natural
filters where excess nutrients can be stored or
transformed in the sediments or taken up by plants
for growth. Contaminants (e.g., agrochemicals
and heavy metals) can be bound to sediments,
dissolved in runoff water, or transformed to less
harmful forms by plants or microbes. Wetland
vegetation also slows runoff and traps sediments
that otherwise would go offshore, increasing water
turbidity and sedimentation in the oceans.
divisions and inequality. In particular, walls built
in urban areas, where human density is higher and
social diversity more accentuated, have exacted a
heavy toll in terms of political divisions, ecological
degradation and human suffering. At the same
time, however, homeless and displaced people,
unprotected by any wall, are often terrorised by
irregular militias, kidnapped by criminal networks,
captured or evicted by state police, and have
likewise endured terrible ordeals. In war zones, war
is increasingly using techniques of wall piercing.
From time to time, walls are invoked, promised,
contested, challenged and struggled over. They
can be protective, but the protection they grant is
✽sediment:
퇴적물
✽✽microbe:
✽✽✽turbidity:
미생물
탁도, 혼탁한 정도
① ways to protect wetlands from contamination
② the role of wetlands as natural water purifiers
always selective to a significant degree.
✽militia:
③ typical characteristics used to identify wetlands
✽✽evict:
쫓아내다
✽✽✽ordeal:
시련
① Ecological Destruction Caused by Constructing
‌
④ the correlation between wetlands and biodiversity
민병대
⑤ the importance of clean water for aquatic species
Walls
② What Makes People Build Walls Around Them?
③ Psychological Walls Harm Others over Time
④ When Did Humans Start Building Walls?
⑤ Walls: Do They Keep People Out or In?
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다음 표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
22053-0166
Sunbleak에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
Top Ten Countries by Retail E-commerce Sales
and Year-Over-Year Percentage Change
in 2018 and 2019
Country
2018
(billion)
2019
(billion)
2018 vs. 2019
% change
China
$1,520.10
$1,934.78
27.3%
US
$514.84
$586.92
14.0%
UK
$127.98
$141.93
10.9%
Japan
$110.96
$115.40
4.0%
South Korea
$87.60
$103.48
18.1%
Germany
$75.93
$81.85
7.8%
France
$62.27
$69.43
11.5%
Canada
$41.12
$49.80
21.1%
India
$34.91
$46.05
31.9%
Russia
$22.68
$26.92
18.7%
The table above shows the retail e-commerce sales
of the top ten countries in 2018 and 2019 and the
percentage change in sales between the two years.
① All ten countries showed an increase in retail
e-commerce sales from 2018 to 2019. ② China
ranked first, recording more than $1,500 billion
of retail e-commerce sales in both 2018 and 2019,
followed by the US. ③ The retail e-commerce sales
of the UK, Japan, and South Korea were over $100
billion in 2019, but the percentage change of retail
e-commerce sales between the two years of Japan
was the second smallest among the ten countries.
④ The retail e-commerce sales of Germany were
larger than those of France both in 2018 and 2019,
but France showed a greater percentage change in
sales than Germany over the two years. ⑤ Canada,
India, and Russia all showed less than $50 billion in
retail e-commerce sales in 2018 and 2019, but India
showed the greatest percentage change in retail
e-commerce sales among the ten listed countries.
106
26
The Sunbleak is a surface-feeding fish that lives
in areas of Asia and Eastern Europe, favouring
slow-flowing and still waters. It is believed to have
been introduced into English fresh waters from
aquarium releases in Hampshire in the mid-1980s.
It is now recorded from lakes, rivers and brooks
across the country, particularly in southern counties,
and is thought to be spreading. The Sunbleak is
bright silver in colour and can be easily identified
by the incomplete lateral line that fades shortly
before the end of the pectoral fin. This species
grows to adult size very quickly and is capable of
breeding after only its first year of life. Eggs are
laid in the spring and summer months in batches
firmly glued to water plants, which the males then
guard to enhance the chances of survival.
✽lateral:
측면의
✽✽pectoral
fin: 가슴지느러미
✽✽✽batch:
무더기
① 아시아와 동유럽 지역에서 산다.
② 수족관에서 방류되어 영국의 민물에 처음 나타난 것으로
‌
25
여겨진다.
③ 밝은 은색이고 불완전한 측면 선을 통해 쉽게 식별된다.
④ 성어 크기로 자라는 속도가 매우 느리다.
⑤ 봄과 여름에 알을 낳는다.
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28
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Ridgewood Community Center Ukulele Class에 관한 다음
안내문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
2022 Marine Life T-shirt Design Contest에 관한 다음 안내문
의 내용과 일치하는 것은?
Ridgewood Community Center
Ukulele Class
2022 Marine Life T-shirt Design
Contest
Learn to play the ukulele in a relaxed, fun-filled
environment in the Ridgewood Community
Center’s ukulele class! This eight-week class
starts in the first week of November and will
meet on Thursdays from 6 pm to 7 pm. You will
learn basic chords, strumming patterns, and
chord chart reading, so by the end of the class
you’ll be able to play a lot of fun songs!
Show your creativity by entering the 2022
Marine Life T-shirt Design Contest! Your design
could be chosen as the official 2022 Marine
Life T-shirt.
■Dates: November 3 to December 22
■Age Range: 12 years old and above
■Class Length: 60 minutes
■Cost: $70
■Additional Information:
– There are no refunds or make-up classes.
– Participants must pay in full before the first
day of class.
‌
‌
– Participants must bring their ukulele. (We
do not offer loaner ukuleles.)
‌
Call 724–822–4461 with questions or to sign
up.
Rules
• Designs will appear on the front of the shirt.
• Designs must be entirely original. Use of
any copyrighted images is prohibited.
• Designs must include marine wildlife.
• Designs must be in color.
• Any fonts used must be legally licensed for
use in extended commercial production.
• Submissions should be sent to tshirtdesign@
marinelife.org as JPEG or PDF files.
• All entry emails should have the subject line
“2022 Marine Life T-shirt Design Contest.”
• Judging will be based on originality, clarity
of message, and artistic quality.
Submission Deadline: July 3, 11:59 pm
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
① 디자인이 티셔츠의 뒷면에 들어가야 한다.
✽strum:
(현악기를) 튕기다, 가볍게 연주하다
② 디자인은 완전히 독창적이어야 한다.
③ 디자인은 흑백도 가능하다.
① 수업은 일주일에 한 번씩 진행된다.
④ 제출 작품의 파일 형식에는 제한이 없다.
② 기본 코드를 배울 수 있다.
⑤ 실용성이 심사 요소 중 하나이다.
③ 수강생의 나이에 제한이 있다.
④ 수업 첫날 전에 수강료 전액을 지불해야 한다.
⑤ 필요 시 수강생에게 악기를 대여해 준다.
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다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Have you ever seen a Siberian husky run on a
bright, cool day? You can practically see the joy
on its face as it does ① what it was bred to do.
The husky is realizing its purpose for life — what
it is meant to be. The husky’s telos (Greek for
“direction” or “purpose”) — the reason humans
have selectively bred them — is ② to be a helper
for humans. Specifically, they are bred to run,
pull sleds, and protect and ③ warm their humans
in cool climates. ④ Contrasting that image with a
husky on a hot summer day in Southern California
as it is forced to walk slowly beside its human
caretaker. Its countenance is slightly bowed and
deflated, its mouth open, tongue lying limply out
one side of its mouth. This contrast suggests that
an individual husky shows signs of thriving when it
can run and pull and be near its human in a setting
⑤ appropriate to its physiology. These features
are part of the individual dimension of the husky’s
thriving.
✽countenance:
얼굴
✽✽deflated:
✽✽✽limply:
풀이 죽은
흐느적거리면서
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다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은
것은?
The time has come to incorporate emotional
literacy into the school curriculum. It is not a
new subject because feelings are at the ① heart
of learning and living as a human being. It is
simply a choice as to whether we consciously
manage them effectively and teach children how to
self-manage their feelings in an effective way using
the languages of the feeling life, or, whether we
ignore, repress or deny feelings and ② continue to
focus on cognitive literacy alone. When feelings are
③ addressed in schools, it is done using the verbal
languages of cognitive literacy. These languages
are ④ adequate for the task as evidenced by the
increasing number of feelings that manifest into
challenging behaviours that need psychological
referral or psychiatric drug intervention in primary
school children. If we introduce emotional literacy
and use the languages of the feeling life, which are
primarily non-verbal, to help children to identify
and process their basic human feeling states, then
many of today’s school behavioural problems will
not ⑤ emerge.
✽referral:
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[31 ~ 34] 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
32
31
The story behind the launch of the first cake mix
powders is a perfect example of post-rationalisation
as a consequence of unconscious consumer
attitudes. The product in question started off with
very meagre sales. During marketing research,
consumers pointed out the product’s advantages
(quick and easy to prepare) but also mentioned its
“artificial” taste and used this to explain why they
were not interested in buying it. However, once
the consumers tasted the cake without knowing
that it was made from a cake mix (blind test),
they couldn’t differentiate between the cake made
from cake mix and the one made in a traditional
way (demonstrating that the real problem was not
actually its taste). The projective technique showed
that the underlying factor making it difficult for
the housewives to accept the product was their
unconscious belief that something as special as a
cake for their family should require more time and
effort. The “artificial taste” opinion was a typical
post-rationalisation of
.
22053-0171
Places like Rome and Xi’an and every other
ancient metropolis represent a spectacular
change in the way that humans related to their
environments and to one another. In urban
settlements,
became the measure of
human relations. The first cities were larger than
the largest family-like village, and the people who
moved into those settlements had to suppress a
suspicion of others from the very first day. People
had to adapt to densely crowded neighborhoods
full of people they had never seen before; they
had to negotiate ritual and political relationships
with other newcomers; and they had to accept the
near-constant dissonance of interacting with people
representing different cultures, languages, and
customs. Encounters with strangers were no longer
limited to the occasional addition of a newlywed
to the collective hearth, but constituted a recurring
condition of daily life. People moved in and out of
the city, coming and leaving as new opportunities
[3점]
opened up. As they worked, played, and shopped,
urban residents had to constantly update their roster
of relationships.
✽dissonance:
✽✽collective
불협화음, 부조화
hearth: (고대 로마의 서민들이 사용하던) 공동 부엌
✽✽✽roster:
명부
22053-0172
✽meagre:
✽✽projective
변변찮은
technique: 투사법
(심리 상태를 조사하는 방법)
① a strong resistance to aggressive marketing
② an underlying reason for impulse purchases
③ an irrational hatred of the marketing research
④ a negative implicit attitude towards the product
② education
⑤ an illogical myth about building trust in products
‌
① respect
③ dependence
④ cooperation
⑤ unfamiliarity
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33
22053-0173
We have evolved various mechanisms for
regulating body temperature: drinking water and
sweating can cool us down, as can sending blood to
the surface of the skin. When we need to warm up,
the hairs on the surface of our skin stand on end,
trapping a layer of warmer air close to the body
and, in extreme cases, our muscles may begin to
involuntarily contract as we shiver. Astonishingly,
social insect colonies also thermoregulate in this
way. The best studied case is the honeybee, where,
on hot days, some workers are tasked with the role
of bringing water to the hive and spraying it over
the combs, allowing evaporation to cool the hive
from within: the colony sweats. In the winter, when
the hive can become too cold, other workers act like
the shivering muscles in your body, by vibrating
their flight muscles rapidly to generate heat. To
power this energetically demanding activity,
other bees in the colony shuttle honey back and
forth to fuel the heater bees. In both multicellular
bodies and in social insect colonies, therefore, the
constituent parts seem to
.
[3점]
✽thermoregulate:
체온을 조절하다
34
22053-0174
What is time? Here is a concept we all think
we understand, and one that physics requires.
Yet both ordinary folk and physicists would be
hard-pressed to tell us what exactly time is. Notice
that to define time in terms of hours, minutes, and
seconds is to mistake the units of time for what
they measure. It would be like defining space in
terms of meters or yards. Space is measured with
equal accuracy in meters or yards. But suppose
we ask which is the correct way of measuring
space? The answer of course is that there is no
uniquely correct set of units for measuring space;
yards and meters do equally well. By the same
token, neither can be said to “define” or constitute
space. The same goes for time. Seconds, centuries,
millennia are just different amounts of the same
“thing.” And it’s that thing, time, which comes in
different amounts that we want a definition of. We
could say that time is duration, but then duration
is just the passage of time. Our definition would
. [3점]
① presuppose the very notion we set out to define
② deal with its existence as well as its uniqueness
③ start with distinguishing science from nonscience
of tasks
② bear adaptations that are designed to promote a
greater good
③ possess both active and passive defense
mechanisms
④ be against the principle of fair sharing of
responsibility
⑤ find new stimuli in order to become more
efficient and productive
development
⑤ require us to determine the most accurate
measurement
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
④ evolve flexibly according to ongoing technical
‌
① modify their responses depending on difficulties
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If you look closely at imposing peaks in the
Rocky Mountains or the Alps, another aspect of
Earth history may snap into focus. Their tooth-like
shapes don’t reflect deposition. On the contrary,
they are being sculpted by erosion, physical
and chemical processes that wear away rocks,
eradicating their stories. ① Earth writes its history
with one hand and erases it with the other, and as
we go further back in time, erasure gains the upper
hand. ② Our planet coalesced some 4.54 billion
years ago, but Earth’s oldest known rocks date back
only to about 4 billion years. ③ Older rocks must
have existed, but they’ve been eroded away or were
buried and transformed through metamorphism
into unrecognizable form. ④ Understanding Earth’s
history helps us appreciate how the mountains,
oceans, trees, and animals around us came to be,
not to mention gold, diamonds, coal, oil, and the
very air we breathe. ⑤ A few may still lie in some
remote Canadian or Siberian hillside, waiting to be
recognized, but largely, the first 600 million years
of Earth history constitutes our planet’s Dark Age.
✽eradicate:
지우다
✽✽coalesce:
✽✽✽metamorphism:
합체하다
변성 작용
것을 고르시오.
36
22053-0176
The problem with comparing language with
spider web-spinning is that language just isn’t
an instinct: not in the sense of the term as used
by the layperson, nor as used by the scientist.
(A) Moreover, language exposure must take place
in a normal human socio-cultural context,
resulting in distinct varieties; children grow up
speaking the language of their mothers, carers
and the community in which they live: a child
exposed to the West African language Wolof
will grow up speaking Wolof, whilst a child
living in Lombardy, in Northern Italy, will
grow up speaking Lombard.
‌
다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
[36 ~ 37] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한
(B) Human language just doesn’t emerge in this
way. Exposure to language is required. And not
any old input will do: there has to be lots of it,
over several years, for language to develop.
‌
22053-0175
(C) Spider web-spinning, like other instinctive
behaviours, emerges developmentally, without
instruction, input or interference from any other
member of a given species. Spiders spin webs
whether they are exposed to artisan spiders
performing web-spinning or not. [3점]
‌
35
✽layperson:
비전문가
✽✽artisan:
기능 보유자, 장인
① (A)-(C)-(B)
② (B)-(A)-(C)
③ (B)-(C)-(A)
④ (C)-(A)-(B)
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
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37
22053-0177
Each day we are flooded with examples
redescribing something in one domain in terms
of another domain to clarify or advance our
thinking. For example, in “Her life is a house
of cards,” we recognize that using playing
cards to create a domicile is a fragile enterprise
because the “house” frequently falls apart with
the slightest breeze, nudge from our fingers, or
vibration in the room.
‌
(A) As a result, we wonder: Is this a good
metaphor? It may be, if we haven’t heard
the cliché; more likely, we can find a better
comparison that would advance our thinking.
‌
(B) This may be similar to the chaotic relationships
and economic upheaval in a person’s life, each
one threatening to knock the entire enterprise
into disarray. You may also notice that the
metaphor has become a cliché, because it is
used so pervasively that it is no longer fresh to
the reader.
‌
(C) In other words, teneo vestri celebratio — know
your audience. The skillful comparison of
[38 ~ 39] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장
적절한 곳을 고르시오.
38
22053-0178
There is a lot of evidence, worldwide, that
people are predisposed to cooperate with
someone who speaks the same dialect they do.
Dialect is a particularly interesting marker of
group membership. With the nationalization and
globalization of mass media, both accents and
dialects are fading, but for most of human history,
they were localized. ( ① ) They’re hard to fake,
unless you’re a rare gifted mimic, and they’re
generally set by adolescence. ( ② ) For instance, in
one experiment, subjects were more likely to trust
people with the same accent they had. ( ③ ) And we
naturally change our patterns of speech and body
language to mimic those around us, unconsciously
trying to fit into the group. ( ④ ) Of course, the flip
side of this is that we’re less likely to trust people
who don’t sound like we do. ( ⑤ ) Again, dialect
preference seems to be a vestigial kin-recognition
system.
✽vestigial:
(자취·흔적으로) 남아 있는
different terms enables us to generate the power
of the metaphor, understanding its strengths
and its limitations — where it doesn’t work as
well as where it does. [3점]
✽domicile:
집, 주거지
✽✽cliché:
상투적인 문구
✽✽✽upheaval:
① (A)-(C)-(B)
② (B)-(A)-(C)
③ (B)-(C)-(A)
④ (C)-(A)-(B)
격변
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
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39
22053-0179
But despite this intuitive recognition, there is
a widespread assumption that biology is more
important than ecology in determining our
health and wellbeing.
It is intuitively evident that the built environment
affects our wellbeing. ( ① ) You only have to
think of the pleasure to be had from a walk on the
common, or a visit to a street market, bumping into
people you know. ( ② ) Or, on the downside, the
danger of crossing a busy road, or cycling behind
a diesel bus. ( ③ ) This assumption is manifest,
for example, in the degree of blame we may attach
to our genes and the degree to which we assume the
remedy for bad health is medicine, or surgery. ( ④ )
We spend huge amounts of scarce resources on
curative medicine, and our preventive measures are
largely biological as well, i.e. inoculation. ( ⑤ ) All
the while we are paying scant attention to the social
and environmental conditions which are, on some
calculations, at least equally important. [3점]
✽inoculation:
예방 접종
✽✽scant:
거의 없는, 부족한
40
22053-0180
다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에
들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
From the earliest films of the silent era to
modern-day blockbusters, music is used extensively
to shape viewers’ beliefs and attitudes about the
actions, events, and dialogue in a film. Music
affects beliefs about whether characters are being
truthful or deceptive, and it indicates to viewers
whether a situation should be interpreted as
dangerous, romantic, or humorous. Music has these
effects indirectly and deceptively. When music
is not part of the diegesis of the film, composers
avoid drawing attention to their music. A subtle or
manipulative approach is adopted because beliefs
about film are less compelling if viewers feel that
they have been forced onto them. Unlike most
forms of persuasion, film music does not openly
invite viewers to adjust their beliefs. Instead,
viewers are typically unaware of the dynamic
role that music plays in subtly shaping their
beliefs about actions, characters, and dialogue.
Indeed, many viewers leave films with little or no
awareness of the music.
✽diegesis:
(영화 등에서) 묘사되는 세계

……
……
……
……
(A)
① interpret
② interpret
③ distort
④ distort
⑤ reinforce
……
(A)
the
Film music induces viewers to
narrative elements of the film in the intended
(B)
direction without
it.
(B)
noticing
overlooking
selecting
noticing
overlooking
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[41 ~ 42] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
41
If fossil fuel is a slave at our beck and call,
renewable power is more like a partner. As we shall
eventually see, that partnership could be immensely
rewarding for people and communities, but can it
(a) power economic growth of the kind we’re used
to? The theoretical economist’s answer, of course,
is that no particular (b) commodity matters all that
much, because if we run short someone will have
the incentive to develop a substitute. In general,
this has proved (c) true in the past — run short of
nice big sawlogs and someone invents plywood —
but it’s far from clear that it applies to fossil fuel,
which in its ubiquity and its cheapness is almost
certainly a special case. Wars are fought over oil,
not over milk, not over semiconductors, not over
timber. It’s plausible — indeed, it’s likely — that if
we begin to run short, the nature of our lives may
fundamentally change as the scarcity destroys our
(d) economies. “The essence of the first Industrial
Revolution was not the coal; it was how to use
the coal,” insists Jeffrey Sachs. Maybe he’s right,
but it seems (e) less likely that fossil fuel was an
윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
exception to the rule, a onetime gift that backed a
onetime intense period of growth. In any event, we
seem to be on track to find out.
✽at
22053-0181
‌
① We Have Not Yet Found a Replacement for
‌
‌
Fossil Fuel
② Has Industrial Development Really Made Us
Happier?
③ Competition of Nations to Control Energy
Sources
④ What Has Caused the Depletion of Resources?
⑤ Alliances Searching for Renewable Energy
42
22053-0182
밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?
① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
⑤ (e)
one’s beck and call: ~이 마음대로 부릴 수 있는
합판 ✽✽✽ubiquity: 도처에 있음, 편재성
✽✽plywood:
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[43 ~ 45] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
had planted the first flag, and forever after refused
to speak to him.
✽feasibility:
실행 가능성
(B)
The party arrived home to a hero’s welcome.
Proud Americans celebrated Captain Peary with
parades and receptions, applauding (c) him as
the first man to stand at the North Pole. Nobody
took notice of Matt. Yet today the world knows it
was Matthew Henson who was the first to reach
the North Pole. Maybe if he hadn’t been African
American or if he hadn’t been Peary’s valet, he’d
have been recognized sooner. But some thirty-five
years after the journey, Matt was finally awarded
the Medal of Honor.
(C)
After several failed attempts, in 1908 they began
their final shot at reaching the northernmost
point on the planet. The two mushed north,
slogging a trail through ice fields, across yawning
crevices, and over towering glaciers in the face of
temperatures that dropped to sixty-five degrees
below zero. As they finally came within sight of
their goal, Captain Peary was exhausted, so Matt
continued on, becoming the first man in history to
stand at the North Pole. (d) He then went back to
get Peary. The captain was furious that his valet
✽mush:
개 썰매로 여행하다
✽✽crevice:
(좁고 깊게) 갈라진 틈
(D)
During their two years in Central America,
Peary’s vision to explore the Arctic Circle
triggered a passion in Matt. In 1895 they traveled
to Greenland on a trip that turned to disaster. They
barely survived the winter. When they found refuge
with an Inuit tribe, Matt became the first American
to master their difficult language. He also learned
how to build dogsleds, kayaks, and igloos, taking
tips from the locals in surviving the harsh Arctic.
Peary knew that (e) his valet was the key to making
it to the North Pole.
43
22053-0183
주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장
적절한 것은?
① (B)-(D)-(C)
② (C)-(B)-(D)
③ (C)-(D)-(B)
④ (D)-(B)-(C)
⑤ (D)-(C)-(B)
44
22053-0184
밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?
① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
45
⑤ (e)
22053-0185
윗글의 Matt에 관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?
① 학교를 중퇴하고 접시 닦는 일을 했다.
② Washington, DC로 돌아와 Peary 선장을 만났다.
③ 북극 여정 후 약 35년이 지나 명예 훈장을 받았다.
‌
When his parents died, Matt dropped out of
school and became a dishwasher. He was only
twelve when a Baltimore ship captain took him on
as a cabin boy. The captain showed (a) the orphan
how to read, write, and navigate a ship. When the
ship’s captain died, Matt was again on his own. He
returned to Washington, DC, where he met Captain
Robert E. Peary, who was sailing south to survey
the feasibility of a canal across Nicaragua. When he
met Matt, he was surprised that an eighteen-year-old
knew so much about navigation. So he hired (b) the
teen as his personal valet.
④ 북극에 첫 깃발을 꽂고 나서 Peary 선장으로부터 축하를
‌
(A)
받았다.
⑤ Inuit 족의 언어를 숙달한 최초의 미국인이 되었다.
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3회
실전 모의고사
제한시간
70 분
┃ 배점
100 점
04
문항에 따라 배점이 다릅니다. 3점 문항에는 점수가 표시되어
있습니다. 점수 표시가 없는 문항은 모두 2점입니다.
22053-0189
대화를 듣고, 그림에서 대화의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르
시오.
①
Tony’s Family
1번부터 17번까지는 듣고 답하는 문제입니다. 1번부터 15번까지
②
는 한 번만 들려주고, 16번부터 17번까지는 두 번 들려줍니다. 방
Event
송을 잘 듣고 답을 하시기 바랍니다.
⑤
01
Picture
Diary
③
25°
11 : 27④
21 June
22053-0186
다음을 듣고, 남자가 하는 말의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르
시오.
① 야영 장소를 예약하는 방법을 안내하려고
② 야영객 간에 지켜야 할 예절을 소개하려고
③ 야영장 안전 수칙을 준수할 것을 당부하려고
④ 야영 시 텐트 설치에 적합한 장소를 설명하려고
⑤ 야영에 적합한 텐트를 고르는 요령을 알려 주려고
02
22053-0187
대화를 듣고, 여자의 의견으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
① 부모의 편식 습관은 자녀의 식습관 형성에 영향을 준다.
② 어린 시절의 편식 습관은 성인이 된 후에도 지속될 수 있다.
③ 자녀가 조리 과정에 참여하면 편식 습관 개선에 도움이 된다.
‌
④ 유치원에서 조리 실습 수업을 할 때 사전 안전 교육이 필요
하다.
‌
⑤ 자녀의 식사 예절은 부모와 함께 식사하면서 자연스럽게 형
성된다.
03
22053-0188
05
22053-0190
대화를 듣고, 두 사람의 관계를 가장 잘 나타낸 것을 고르시오.
대화를 듣고, 여자가 할 일로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
① 평론가 - 사진작가
① 앱 다운로드하기
② 대학 교수 - 수강생
② 자녀 데리러 가기
③ 잡지사 기자 - 건축가
③ 세미나에 동행하기
④ 뉴스 진행자 - 정부 관료
④ 치과 진료 예약하기
⑤ 인테리어 디자이너 - 고객
⑤ 프레젠테이션 디자인하기
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06
22053-0191
대화를 듣고, 남자가 지불할 금액을 고르시오. [3점]
09
22053-0194
Home Garden Kit에 관한 다음 내용을 듣고, 일치하지 않는 것을
고르시오.
① $ 40
② $ 50
① 이번 주 토요일부터 판매된다.
③ $ 60
② 다섯 종류의 식물이 출시될 예정이다.
④ $ 70
③ 흙과 화분은 별도로 구매해야 한다.
⑤ $ 80
④ 식물 재배법 설명서가 동봉되어 있다.
⑤ 구매자는 식물 사진 경연에 참여할 수 있다.
07
22053-0192
대화를 듣고, 남자가 이번 주말에 헌혈을 할 수 없는 이유를 고르
시오.
① 식사 약속이 있어서
② 생일 선물을 사러 가야 해서
③ 건강 검진 결과가 좋지 않아서
④ 지난 주말에 이미 헌혈을 해서
⑤ 헌혈 가능 법적 나이에 도달하지 않아서
10
22053-0195
다음 표를 보면서 대화를 듣고, 여자가 구입할 식기 세척기를
고르시오.
Top 5 Dishwashers
08
22053-0193
대화를 듣고, Career Fair에 관해 언급되지 않은 것을 고르시오.
① 개최 요일
Model
Release
(month /
year)
Price
Capacity
Smartphone
Linking
①
A
Nov 2021
$ 850
130 items
×
②
B
Feb 2021
$ 900
170 items
○
③
C
Oct 2020
$ 870
130 items
○
④
D
Dec 2020 $ 1,050 180 items
○
⑤
E
Jan 2020
×
② 개최 장소
③ 학부모 참여 가능 여부
④ 참여 신청 방법
$ 750
120 items
‌
⑤ 점심 식사 제공 여부
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22053-0199
대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오.
대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]
① Sorry. Today’s swimming lesson is canceled.
Man:
‌
② Okay. Just wait a few minutes because you just
① Don’t worry. You can use my smartphone.
② Good point. Let’s take an indoor walk instead.
‌
ate.
③ Don’t worry. We clean the swimming pool every
day.
④ That’s right. A swimming pool is safer than the
sea.
⑤ Well, you can rent a swimming cap at the front
desk.
③ Really? I didn’t know you had already bought it.
‌
‌
‌
④ Great! I’ll look online for a smartwatch that suits
12
‌
me.
⑤ Right. That’s why they’re so expensive right
now.
22053-0197
대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오.
① No, the size doesn’t matter. They’re all on sale.
‌
② Yes, it’s possible. You can return them within a
‌
‌
‌
week.
③ I’m sorry, but the special free gift event ended
last week.
④ Right. Unfortunately, there will be no discount
next week.
⑤ Unfortunately, you can’t pay for them in
installments.
15
22053-0200
다음 상황 설명을 듣고, Amy가 Brandon에게 할 말로 가장 적절
한 것을 고르시오.
Amy:
13
① I suggest that you read a lot to become a good
대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]
writer.
② Could you help me plan our next meeting
schedule?
③ Don’t forget the saying that slow and steady
wins the race.
④ If it looks like you’ll be late to the meeting,
please call me.
⑤ The goal should be to share your writing rather
than to perfect it.
‌
‌
22053-0198
‌
Woman:
① Sure, it will help her eat more vegetables.
③ Well, they don’t sell animal snacks in the zoo.
④ Right. Dried vegetable sticks don’t go bad easily.
⑤ I know, but the snacks for kids are too expensive.
118
‌
‌
② Okay. Let’s not take those vegetable sticks.
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18
[16 ~ 17] 다음을 듣고, 물음에 답하시오.
16
22053-0203
다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?
22053-0201
여자가 하는 말의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
① home remedies for fruit allergies
Dear Ms. Goldman,
② popularity of organic skin care products
After reviewing preliminary plans for
the Beaumont Welding Center addition,
our architects, Bob Taylor and J. B.
Hardwick, think the additional space
should be increased by 141 square feet.
This additional space will increase the total
budget item to $107,600. This additional
space will allow room for three desks,
lockers, and file cabinets. The most practical
size would be to increase the depth from
10´6˝ to 12´ and the length from 30´ to
38´, a total of 141 square feet. The original
estimate submitted in June was based
on $102 per square foot; therefore, the
estimate needs to be increased by $14,382
(141 ft2×$102), plus the 10 percent inflation
rate on the entire project. I wanted to let
you know about the proposed changes in
hopes that we can discuss the issue further
at our next meeting.
③ benefits of using fruit peels for skin care
④ easy ways to add fruits and vegetables to meals
⑤ reasons why some fruit peels are not safe to eat
17
22053-0202
언급된 과일이 아닌 것은?
① grape
② orange
③ avocado
④ banana
⑤ apple
Sincerely,
Michael Davis
CEO of New Dream
✽preliminary:
예비의
① 증축 및 예산 계획의 수정이 필요한 것을 알리려고
② 미지급된 공사 비용의 지불을 요청하려고
③ 건물의 안전 점검 결과를 공지하려고
④ 과잉 청구된 공사 비용의 환불을 요청하려고
⑤ 공사 비용 절감에 대한 대응책 마련을 지시하려고
이제 듣기 문제가 끝났습니다. 18번부터는 문제지의 지시에 따
라 답을 하시기 바랍니다.
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다음 글에 드러난 Daksha의 심경 변화로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
One afternoon, near New Delhi, Daksha was
walking with her infant in her arms along the shore
of the Payaswami River. The infant slipped from
her grasp, and fell into the flowing water. Daksha
screamed; she did not know how to swim. At that
time, a group of monkeys were watching from a
nearby tree. Suddenly, one monkey leaped from
In the entire history of the human race, there has
never been, nor will there ever be, anyone just like
you. The odds of another human being possessing
your unique combination of characteristics and
qualities are more than 50 billion to one. This
means that you have the potential to do something
special or extraordinary with your life; something
the tree directly into the river and swam toward
the baby. Braving the current, the little monkey
dragged the human infant to the shore where the
mother waited. The monkey placed the child at its
mother’s feet and scrambled back up into the tree.
When she found that her baby was okay, she could
finally breathe.
that no one else can do. However, I must ask: Are
you going to do it? It’s true that some people are
born with rare, unique gifts, but most of us are
introduced to life with average talents and abilities.
Those individuals that society labels “great” reach
high levels of performance by developing their
talents to a very high degree in the field of their
choice. In other words, your potential lies dormant.
It must be identified and developed if you hope
to get more out of life. The formula for success is
simple: practice a few simple disciplines every day.
① delighted → sorrowful
② frightened → relieved
③ thrilled → ashamed
④ inspired → scared
✽dormant:
잠복한, 비활동성의
⑤ bored → excited
① 성공 목표는 자신의 수준에 맞게 설정해야 한다.
② 다양한 사람을 통해 지식 습득 방법을 배워야 한다.
③ 자신만의 고유한 잠재력을 찾아내어 개발해야 한다.
④ 자신만의 학습 방법을 찾아서 끊임없이 개선해야 한다.
⑤ 성공한 사람 중에서 자신만의 본보기 상을 찾아야 한다.
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22053-0206
밑줄 친 blinding ourselves to other ways of perceiving이 다음
글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]
When a scientist coins a metaphor, she adopts it
from a cultural source. There is no alternative —
scientists simply apply everyday understanding
within a specific realm that happens to be foreign
to most people. Metaphor, as we know, means
understanding one thing in terms of another.
And that “other” that a scientist chooses will be
something from everyday life that she shares with
all of us. Thus, to select a successful metaphor
she must draw on an implicit understanding of the
larger linguistic ecology in which she is located.
Her choice of one metaphor instead of another will
reflect her social context as well as her ambitions.
Noting that we describe the brain as a computer
system, for example, David Edge, formerly a
science studies scholar at Edinburgh University,
recommended that we “explore the extent and the
dynamics of this process by which our imagination
comes to be dominated by those very devices
which we devise in order to dominate and control
our environment and human society.” When this
happens, we reinforce the way of perceiving
instantiated in those metaphors, perhaps blinding
ourselves to other ways of perceiving.
✽instantiate:
22
22053-0207
다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
Motivation and interest are essential ingredients
in effective learning. If students are not attracted to
a concept or context, learning will almost certainly
be limited. It is the student who decides whether or
not to engage in concept learning, and this choice is
almost always based on the question, “Do I want to
learn this stuff?” Students choose to be involved in
a topic for a variety of reasons, including interest in
the task, rapport with the teacher, perceived value
and utility of the knowledge, self-efficacy, and
the social climate. This last factor is often ignored
when teaching with analogies, but it is important.
Classrooms are social settings, and Vygotsky’s
learning psychology helps us understand why social
interaction is useful and suggests ways teachers
can enhance their planning and teaching (e.g., by
choosing analogies that are located in a student
group’s shared “zone of proximal development”).
Social knowledge and experience is the most
effective source of teaching analogies, and analogs
must be familiar to the students (drawn from their
life-world). Simply put, if an analog is not familiar
or interesting, it should not be used.
✽✽zone
예시하다
① 실생활에 적용될 수 있는 학습 개념을 우선 제시하는 것이
‌
① realizing how much those metaphors can be
✽rapport: 관계, 신뢰감
of proximal development: 근접 발달 영역
✽✽✽analog: 비유물, 유사체
‌
21
바람직하다.
‌
② 비유 학습 활동은 개인의 학습 동기와 학생 간의 상호 작용
‌
distorted
② connecting those metaphors to broader social
situations
③ effectively embracing the core meanings of those
metaphors
④ understanding only in the context as presented in
those metaphors
⑤ not grasping the meanings of metaphors when
they are so evident to others
을 활성화한다.
‌
‌‌
③ 비유는 분명한 개념을 전달하지 못하므로 제한적으로 사용
하는 것이 좋다.
‌
‌
④ 학생들의 상호 작용을 촉진하도록 흥미로운 토론 주제를
제시할 필요가 있다.
‌
‌
⑤ 학생들을 가르칠 때 학생의 사회적 지식 및 경험과 관련된
비유를 사용해야 한다.
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다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
The most common world maps in general use
for many, many years were Mercator maps or
similar projections that were very useful for
navigation purposes. Since these projections didn’t
distort direction, they could be used to travel
easily from one point to another by sailing the
compass direction from point of origin to point
Like all large animals that eat plants, deer have
a problem: they can only eat vegetation they can
reach. And usually the vegetation available to them
has armed itself against plant-eating attack. The
usual safeguards include thorns, toxins or simply
thick, hard bark, but some trees in central European
forests have developed none of these defences.
of destination. This wasn’t the most direct route
to take, but for some journeys it was the easiest
to follow. On Mercator maps, though, the North
and South Poles aren’t the points they really
are but rather lines that are as long as the entire
circumference of the world. The closer you go to
the poles, then, the more area that has to be shown
and the more it’s exaggerated. On one Mercator
projection that hung in my office, the Antarctic
continent is shown to be larger than South America
and Africa combined, which it really isn’t. Lies told
with these maps are pretty obvious. For example,
a map showing polar bear habitat in a nature
magazine used a Mercator-type projection that
Does this mean the trees’ offspring have to endure
every bite from hungry animals without being able
to fight back? If you take a good look around the
forest, you’ll see how beeches defend themselves.
The forest floor around trees that annually shed
leaves is noticeably empty of vegetation. Here and
there you might find a lonely fern, or a few grasses
in a tiny clearing where an ancient giant has fallen,
allowing a few rays of sunlight to reach the ground.
In general, however, light levels are too low for
plants to produce large quantities of sugar, which
means that wild plants growing in the forest contain
few nutrients in comparison with their relatives
growing out in the open. In other words, understory
greatly exaggerated the extent of the habitat.
plants are tough and bitter.
✽projection:
투영도, 투영법
✽✽circumference:
✽beech:
원주, 둘레
너도밤나무
✽✽fern:
양치식물
✽✽✽clearing:
빈터
① How Forest Plants Avoid Being Eaten
② merits and distortions of Mercator projections
② How Fences to Keep Deer Out Can Backfire
③ scales and projections as fundamental map
③ What Empties the Forest Floor of Vegetation
features
④ exploring expeditions to complete Mercator
projections
⑤ inaccuracies on maps caused by map-makers’
lack of knowledge
④ How Animals Contribute to Preserving Forests
‌
⑤ What Causes Plants to Arm Themselves with
Hard Bark
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
① principles of making Mercator projections
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22053-0210
다음 표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
22053-0211
Chico Mendes에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
Top Nine Countries by Per Capita Amount of
E-Waste in 2019
Country
26
Per Capita
Amount
Total Amount
(in million tons)
(in kg)
Rank
Norway
26.0
1
0.1
the United Kingdom
23.9
2
1.6
Switzerland
23.4
3
0.2
Denmark
22.4
4
0.1
Australia
21.7
5
0.6
the Netherlands
21.6
6
0.4
Iceland
21.4
7
0.008
the United States
21.0
8
6.9
France
21.0
8
1.4
The table above shows the top nine countries
which produced the greatest amount of electronic
waste (e-waste) per capita in 2019. ① In terms
of per capita e-waste generation, Norway led the
rankings at 26 kilograms, followed by the United
Kingdom, which generated almost 24 kilograms.
② In addition to these top two countries, the
other seven countries all produced upwards of 20
kilograms per capita. ③ Of the nine countries, the
United States generated the greatest total amount
of e-waste, twice as much as that produced in the
United Kingdom. ④ Though France ranked eighth
in per capita e-waste production, its total e-waste
generation was beyond the combined total amount
of e-waste of Australia and the Netherlands. ⑤ The
total amount of e-waste generated in Norway,
the largest per capita e-waste producer, was one
fourteenth of that generated in France.
✽per
Born in 1944, the son of one of the 50,000-strong
“Rubber Army” who tapped rubber for use in the
Allied war effort in World War Ⅱ, Chico Mendes
started work as a rubber tapper at the age of
nine. Influenced by priests from the progressive
Liberation Theology movement, he helped found
a branch of the Workers’ Party and became leader
of the Rubber Tappers’ Union. As large areas of
Brazil’s rain forest were cleared to make way for
cattle ranches, Mendes publicized the tappers’
fight to save the forest. He went to Washington,
D.C., to persuade Congress and the World Bank
that cattle-ranching projects should not be funded.
Instead, he proposed that forest areas be protected
as “extractive reserves” — public land managed
by local communities with the right to harvest
forest products sustainably. Cattle ranchers saw his
movement as a threat, and a shooting took place,
which killed Mendes in 1988. After his death,
the first of many such reserves was established,
covering 2.5 million acres (1 million hectares) of
forest around Xapuri.
✽strong:
✽✽rubber
(수사의 뒤에서) 총원[병력]이 ~인
tapper: 고무 수액 채취자
✽✽✽theology:
① 9살 때 고무 수액 채취자로 일을 시작했다.
② Workers’ Party의 지부를 설립하는 것을 도왔다.
③ 숲을 구하고자 하는 고무 수액 채취자의 투쟁을 홍보했다.
④ 숲을 지역 사회가 공유지로 보호할 것을 제안했다.
⑤ 사망 전에 보호 구역이 지정되는 것을 보았다.
capita: 1인당
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Rainbow Lantern Speaker에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치
하지 않는 것은?
Scrap Metal Drive for Homeless Pets에 관한 다음 안내문의
내용과 일치하는 것은?
Rainbow Lantern Speaker
Scrap Metal Drive for Homeless Pets
With advanced 5.8 GHz signal technology,
Rainbow Lantern Speaker provides the
perfect atmosphere for the yard, garden,
beach, BBQ, and camping!
Come out and support the animals of the
Edmond Animal Shelter. We are collecting
scrap metal to raise money for the animals.
Time: 11 a.m. – 3 p.m.
Features
Date: Saturday and Sunday, September 24 and
‌
■‌It can be paired wirelessly — no need for
apps.
■It produces 25 watts of powerful sound.
■‌It has a built-in 6,600 mAh rechargeable
battery, fully charged within 3 hours, up to
20 hours playtime at medium volume or 10
hours at maximum volume.
■‌It is splashproof and rainproof.
■‌The brightness of the lantern can be
adjusted to 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% or 100%,
with timer settings of 2h, 4h, 6h, 8h or
continuous on/off.
25
Place: the Edmond Animal Shelter parking lot
Product Information
•‌The scrap service will be handled by David
Scrap Processors, Edmond Market’s biggest
company.
•‌All proceeds will be used for homeless pets
at the animal shelter.
■‌Connectivity Technology: bluetooth,
Wi-Fi, auxiliary (3.5 mm auxiliary cables
included)
■‌Color: white / sky blue
■‌Light: 7-color light display
■Audio Output Mode: surround, stereo
Accepted Items
•‌We are accepting any kind of metal: railings,
doors, garbage cans, file cabinets, bicycle
frames, pipes, window frames, lawn furniture,
tools, washing machines, dryers, stoves,
wagons, etc.
•‌We CANNOT take propane tanks, air
conditioners, or refrigerators due to safety
issues.
Note
✽scrap
metal: 고철, 파쇠
① 오전에 네 시간 동안 진행된다.
① 앱 없이 무선으로 연결된다.
② 주중에 이틀간 진행된다.
② 최대 음량에서 20시간까지 재생된다.
③ Edmond Animal Shelter의 강당에서 진행된다.
③ 물 튀김과 빗물로부터 방수가 된다.
④ 안전상의 이유로 에어컨은 받을 수 없다.
④ 연결을 위한 케이블이 제공된다.
⑤ 모든 수익금을 동물원의 동물을 위해 쓸 것이다.
⑤ 7가지 색상의 조명이 있다.
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29
22053-0214
30
22053-0215
(A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한
것은?
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은
것은?
As maps became more accurate they gained
increased political importance. One of the earliest
military uses came in England in 1745, after a major
Ancient civilizations were largely oral cultures,
even for some time after the invention of writing.
Literacy was ① rare, so written records often held
meaning only for the educated classes. But many
early societies ② ignored the need for a graphic
record of their culture’s important events and the
stories relating to their religion. Some painting — on
the walls of palaces and tombs, for example —
③ served this purpose, but sculpture in stone offered
a more permanent and monumental medium for
preserving a culture’s history, legends, and mythology.
Rulers and military leaders were especially ④ eager
to be remembered for descendants and to have their
likenesses carved in stone in grand, imposing statues.
However, a more pictorial form of sculpture — relief
— ⑤ introduced the opportunity for presenting
complex scenes and extended narratives in a series
of panels or a frieze.
coup attempt (A) which / during which the Scots
tried to bring back the relatives of a deposed king
onto the throne. Following this, British Major
General William Roy was charged with the task of
mapping Scotland in detail, in the hopes that the
maps would help the military better suppress any
future uprising. To us, this sounds like a job that
would be either utterly boring or uncomfortably
dangerous, but Roy came through in the critical
situation, creating a set of maps so good that they
were (B) using / used for decades. In fact, the
Ancient Woodland Inventory of Scotland still
depends on them today, and the techniques Roy
pioneered (C) are / to be directly linked to the
creation of the Ordnance Survey, one of the largest
map-making companies in the world.
✽coup:
쿠데타
✽✽depose:
폐위시키다, 물러나게 하다
……
……
……
……
(B)
using
used
using
used
used
……
……
……
……
……
①
②
③
④
⑤
(A)
which
which
during which
during which
during which
……
✽✽✽throne:
✽relief:
✽✽frieze:
프리즈(건축물의 외면이나 내면에 붙인 띠 모양의 장식물)
왕위, 왕좌
(C)
are
to be
to be
are
to be
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[31~ 34] 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
32
31
Fragments or ‘sherds’ of ceramics are often
the most durable traces left by a civilization,
offering our best window on the values of those
who used them. Archaeologists therefore like to
. There
are the Beaker Folk of the third millennium BC,
who travelled across Europe, from the Spanish
Peninsula and central Germany, reaching Britain
around 2000 BC. They came after the Funnel
Beaker Culture and the Corded Ware People.
Wherever they went, the Beaker Folk left traces of
reddish-brown, bell shaped clay drinking vessels.
They could have been named the Flint Dagger
People or the Stone Hammer People (since they
also used these) but somehow pottery is more
evocative of a whole culture. We know that the
Beaker Folk liked to be buried with a beaker at
their feet, presumably for the food and drink they
would need in the afterlife.
22053-0216
Chemical reactions do occur in interstellar space,
but they are very slow both because it is so cold,
and because the concentrations of materials are
so low. The surface of Earth, like the Little Bear’s
porridge, is not too hot, and not too cold, but just
right. Thus, chemistry is an Earth-oriented science
in the sense that the phenomena it deals with are
extremely important on this planet’s surface. In
fact, the
found on Earth are the
most complex manifestations of the workings of
the laws of chemistry known to exist in nature.
No doubt there are other planets associated with
other stars where surface temperatures are similarly
conducive to chemistry. It is reasonable to think
that life of some sort might exist, or might once
have existed wherever this is, or once was true, but
it is yet to be shown. [3점]
포리지, 오트밀(귀리에 우유나 물을 부어 걸쭉하게 죽처럼 끓인 음식)
✽✽conducive
① rarest metals
② water sources
③ living organisms
조각, 파편
✽✽evocative:
생각나게 하는, 환기하는
① dig up and polish unusual objects
② name people after the pots they left behind
③ name our ancestors after the hand tools they
used
④ reason out what material was used for those
fragments
⑤ study particular vessels according to their
preference
‌
④ natural resources
✽sherd:
to: ~에 좋은
‌‌
✽porridge:
22053-0217
‌
⑤ atmospheric compositions
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33
22053-0218
34
22053-0219
[3점]
① Justification seeks proof, but doubt spreads
101: 경제학 개론
quickly
② Passion helps explain complicated issues in
different subjects
③ Exploration clouds your ability to recall what
you already know
④ Justification strengthens a worldview, but
exploration weakens it
⑤ Exploration enables you to skillfully contradict
your opponents’ thoughts
and trade: 탄소 배출권 거래제(생태계 보호를 위한 일종의
인센티브 프로그램) ✽✽flat tax: 일률 과세
✽✽✽contentious: 논쟁을 불러일으키는
‌
✽cap
‌
✽Econ
Research by psychologist Steven Sloman and
marketing expert Phil Fernbach shows that people
who claim to understand complicated political
topics such as cap and trade and flat taxes tend
to reveal their ignorance when asked to provide
a detailed explanation without the aid of Google.
Though people on either side of an issue may
believe they know their opponents’ positions, when
put to the task of breaking it down they soon learn
that they have only a basic understanding of the
topic being argued. Stranger still, once subjects in
such studies recognize this, they reliably become
more moderate in their beliefs. Radical beliefs
fade; extreme opposition is dampened. The research
suggests simply working to better explain your
own opinion weakens your passion. Yet that same
research shows the opposite effect when subjects
are asked to justify their positions on a contentious
issue.
. [3점]
I n a s e r i e s o f e x p e r i m e n t s , Ve n k a t
Lakshminarayanan, Keith Chen, and Laurie Santos
at Yale University gave capuchin monkeys tokens
they could use to “purchase” tasty apple slices.
Despite never having taken Econ 101, the monkeys
quickly learned how to use the tokens as money.
But the researchers then threw in a clever twist: they
gave the monkeys a choice between buying apple
slices from two different people. Person 1 always
showed one apple slice and gave it to the monkey
in exchange for a token. Person 2, on the other
hand, always showed the monkey two apple slices
but gave only one of the slices for a token. From
an economic perspective, both were offering the
exact same deal: one apple slice for one token.
But by first offering two, then only delivering one,
Person 2 focused the monkeys on what they were
losing — the second apple slice. The monkeys
strongly preferred dealing with Person 1, even
though Person 2 was offering, from an economic
perspective, the exact same deal. Just like humans,
monkeys
.
① hate to feel like they’re losing out
④ want to stop the cycle of winning and losing
‌
⑤ consider taste to be more than just individual
preference
‌
③ take more risk after a gain than after a loss
‌
‌
② weigh the economic pros and cons
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The management of cultivated land concerns
not only ownership and access issues but also the
physical management of hill slopes to develop
and maintain flat land suitable for cultivation.
The terracing of slopes is an ever-present
adaptation in most mountain areas where settled
cultivation takes place, and in many areas of
considerable antiquity. ① The construction of
terraces requires the cooperation of the whole
community. ② Terraces may be individually
owned, but they cannot be constructed individually
or by individual families. ③ Terrace building is a
precise art; the vertical dimensions of steps, the
number, the surface angle, and whether they are
designed to drain or to hold water are all aspects
which are involved in their construction. ④ Apart
from the roof, a terrace garden can be created on
balconies and other extended areas of a building.
⑤ The steep flights of terraces so well known on
mountain slopes not only represent a tremendous
physical effort, but also a detailed knowledge and
understanding of the climate, slope geometry and
surface soil characteristics.
✽terrace:
계단식으로 정비하다; 계단식 논[밭], 테라스
✽✽antiquity:
오래됨, 태고
을 고르시오.
36
22053-0221
Typically, adolescents create and use words
with different meanings for their specific
purpose during a specific time period. Consider
the word good.
(A) In fact, a fast-food chicken advertisement had
a group of young men playing in a band with
a gentleman that appeared to be in his 70s.
An attractive woman enters announcing that
food is here and that it’s time to eat the new
fast-food chicken recipe.
‌
다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
[36 ~ 37] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것
(B) Its meaning conveys something positive,
beneficial, or excellent. Over the past 30
years, adolescents in the United States have
attached the meaning of the word good to
words other than good. Around the 1980s, some
adolescents substituted the word bad for good.
‌
22053-0220
(C) The next scene has the younger men stating,
“This new chicken recipe is bad.” The camera
goes in for a close-up of the older gentleman,
who looks puzzled and then replies, “I don’t
know what you’re talking about; this is good
chicken!”
‌
35
① (A)-(C)-(B)
② (B)-(A)-(C)
③ (B)-(C)-(A)
④ (C)-(A)-(B)
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
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37
22053-0222
The concept of natural selection is the single
most important tool in our Darwinian toolkit.
‌
(A) The only genuine intelligent design found in the
biological world comes from us, in the shape
of our dogs and cows and other organisms
which we’ve deliberately modified via selective
breeding. Beyond that, the apparent intelligent
design in nature is a forgery perpetrated by
natural selection. Conscious intentions play no
role.
‌
(B) And the most important thing to remember
about natural selection is that natural selection
creates an illusion of intelligent design, or what
Richard Dawkins calls design without a designer.
Adaptations look as if they were invented by a
conscious agent for a particular purpose: hands
for grasping; eyes for seeing.
‌
(C) But they weren’t; Darwin stuck a pitchfork in
that hypothesis. The design in nature comes
not from a designer but from the mindless
accumulation of favorable accidents over vast
periods of time. [3점]
✽forgery:
위조
✽✽perpetrate:
① (A)-(C)-(B)
② (B)-(A)-(C)
③ (B)-(C)-(A)
④ (C)-(A)-(B)
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
범하다
[38 ~ 39] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장
적절한 곳을 고르시오.
38
22053-0223
That does not mean that we have to give up on
the idea of providing incentives for teachers; in
certain environments, they may be beneficial.
Suppose that the economic agent has several
tasks to complete. ( ① ) For example, a teacher
(in a school or university) has, on the one hand,
to pass on to the student the knowledge necessary
to move on to the next class, pass an exam,
or get a job. ( ② ) On the other hand, taking a
longer-term perspective, the students must be
trained to think for themselves. ( ③ ) If the
teacher is paid based on the success of pupils
in their exams, the teacher will focus on exam
technique, to the detriment of the students’
long-term development, which is much more
difficult to measure and thus more difficult to
reward. ( ④ ) Esther Duflo, Rema Hanna and
Steve Ryan have shown, through an experiment
conducted in India, that teachers react positively to
financial incentives and supervision, with the result
that students are absent less often and perform
better. ( ⑤ ) But we must be very careful not to
distort the educational process by introducing
incentives that are not well thought out and tested.
[3점]
✽detriment:
손상, 손해
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39
22053-0224
Oxygen from the atmosphere enters water by a
process called diffusion.
Fish and other aquatic organisms require oxygen
to live. This oxygen cannot come directly from
the oxygen that makes up water (H2O) because
this oxygen is bound to two hydrogen atoms.
Instead, aquatic organisms depend on dissolved
oxygen gas (O2) that enters water from plants and
the atmosphere. ( ① ) Plants produce oxygen by
a process called photosynthesis in which carbon
dioxide, water, and the energy from sunlight are
used for plant growth. ( ② ) Oxygen is released
as a waste product. ( ③ ) This occurs because the
concentration of oxygen in the air is greater than
that in the water, allowing oxygen in the air to
dissolve into the surface of the water. ( ④ ) Wind
creates waves, which provides more surface area
for the diffusion of oxygen to occur. ( ⑤ ) Often
man-made aerators are installed in lakes to add
more oxygen to the water.
✽diffusion:
확산
✽✽aerator:
40
22053-0225
다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에
들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
Oftentimes logical misconceptions are more
pronounced if everyday or familiar examples are
used. This is because individuals invariably try to
bring their personal knowledge and experiences to
the logical task rather than evaluating the validity
of the inference as it stands. For example, suppose I
declare truthfully, “All taxicabs are yellow. Your car
is not a taxicab.” Does it logically follow that your
car is not yellow? When examining questions of
logic, you must ignore external facts. Don’t think
about the actual color of your particular car. The
correct answer is not yes or no, depending on the
paint job of your car. Yet some will answer, “Yes, it
follows because my car is green.” If I give you less
knowledge, you might be more logical. Suppose
I declare truthfully, “All taxicabs are yellow. My
car is not a taxicab.” Is it yellow? Now you can’t
use knowledge about my car because you haven’t
seen it. It may be easier to come to the correct
conclusion, which is, “Maybe, maybe not.”
통기 장치

When examining questions of logic, people
(A)
tend to
their personal knowledge
(B)
and experiences, which can lead to
conclusions.
④ disregard
⑤ extend
130
……
……
③ disregard
……
② apply
……
① apply
(B)
……
(A)
reasonable
invalid
biased
definite
predictable
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[41 ~ 42] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
41
As Alvin Goldman has explained, empathy has
two parts. In day-to-day life, one part is that, by
a process of simulation within ourselves, from
the flow of an interaction and understanding the
concerns of another, we (a) infer what emotion
another person is feeling and assign it to that
person. The second part, which occurs at the same
time, is that we feel the corresponding emotion
in our self. Feeling an emotion with a protagonist
in fiction has two (b) similar parts. In one part
(within our simulation of the story), we come
to know a character’s concerns and understand
what emotions might occur as the character’s
intentions are affected by events. In the second
part, having taken on the character’s concerns, we
(c) experience corresponding emotions of our own.
So, unlike those who find the emotions of fiction
(d) paradoxical in seeming to be about something
that is not real, this explanation is based on a
fundamental psychological process of making
mental models of others that is the same in fiction
as in the interactions of real life. It enables us to
윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
feel with others in empathy. The truer our mental
models are, the better. One might even say that by
means of its analyses of other people’s intentions
and their implications, fiction may (e) disturb
everyday processes of empathy. A useful piece of
evidence here is that Raymond Mar has shown
that several parts of the brain that are used to
comprehend stories are the same as those used to
understand other people.
✽protagonist:
22053-0226
① Fiction: A Simulator for Experiencing Empathy
② Mental Models: Learning to Think Better
③ The Basic Process of Critical Reading
④ How We Conceal Our Own Emotions
⑤ The Healing Power of Interactions
42
22053-0227
밑줄 친 (a)∼(e) 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것
은? [3점]
① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
⑤ (e)
주인공
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[43 ~ 45] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
(A)
By the time Cathy reached fourth grade, faith in
her ability had plunged considerably. She struggled
with learning and felt like the dumb kid in class.
Efforts to excel only reminded her that she was
a failure. She mentally discounted occasional
successes by attributing them more to luck than
ability. Psychologists tested her, counselors talked
with her, and teachers gave her special attention.
(a) She spent most of her time at school feeling badly
about herself and avoiding any effort. She was afraid
that any attempt on her part would only confirm her
feelings of inadequacy.
떨어지다
✽chasm:
구렁텅이
(C)
One day, her favorite aunt, Anny, visited from out
of town. Cathy felt special when she was around.
The two of them were playing a board game on the
living room floor when Anny casually asked Cathy
how she was doing in school. Her mood changed
immediately and (c) she started to cry. Anny
pleaded with her niece to tell her what was wrong.
Cathy told Anny that she felt dumb and frustrated
with school. She wondered if she would ever add
up to anything worthwhile.
43
22053-0228
주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장
적절한 것은?
① (B)-(D)-(C)
② (C)-(B)-(D)
③ (C)-(D)-(B)
④ (D)-(B)-(C)
⑤ (D)-(C)-(B)
44
22053-0229
밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?
① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
45
⑤ (e)
22053-0230
윗글에 관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?
① Cathy는 이따금씩의 성공을 능력보다는 운 탓으로 더 많이
‌
(B)
Before that event, school aroused feelings of
weakness and incompetence. It now awakened a
sense of challenge. School work changed from
an impossible chasm to a rocky pathway on her
journey to becoming a teacher. (b) She felt destined
to help others like her, those who experienced
frustration with learning. Sixteen years later she
graduated with a teacher’s certificate and glowing
recommendations. Her aunt’s comment triggered a
powerfully positive change in Cathy’s self-esteem
and outlook on life. It made a sudden impact.
돌렸다.
② Cathy는 졸업할 때 교사 자격증을 받았다.
③ Anny와 Cathy는 거실에서 보드게임을 했다.
④ Cathy 는 Anny 에게 자신이 바보 같은 느낌이 든다고
‌
✽plunge:
(D)
Anny then told Cathy something that she would
remember vividly for the rest of her life. (d) She
said, “Someone who struggles so hard with
school will make a great teacher. Discouraged
students need a teacher like you.” This simple
statement stunned Cathy, instantly changing
her mindset. Outwardly, the change didn’t seem
dramatic. Neither her parents, teachers, friends,
nor Cathy herself noticed a big change in her
behavior. Inwardly, however, (e) her world changed
profoundly.
말했다.
‌
⑤ Cathy의 부모님은 Cathy의 큰 행동 변화를 알아챘다.
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4회
실전 모의고사
제한시간
70 분
┃ 배점
100 점
정답과 해설 122쪽
문항에 따라 배점이 다릅니다. 3점 문항에는 점수가 표시되어
있습니다. 점수 표시가 없는 문항은 모두 2점입니다.
04
22053-0234
대화를 듣고, 그림에서 대화의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르
시오.
1번부터 17번까지는 듣고 답하는 문제입니다. 1번부터 15번까지
①
See the World
는 한 번만 들려주고, 16번부터 17번까지는 두 번 들려줍니다. 방
송을 잘 듣고 답을 하시기 바랍니다.
③
01
②
22053-0231
⑤
다음을 듣고, 여자가 하는 말의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르
시오.
④
① 학생회장 후보의 공약을 소개하려고
② 학교 뉴스의 기자단 모집 일정을 안내하려고
③ 학교 뉴스를 위한 기삿거리 제안을 요청하려고
④ 새로 만들어질 학교 소식지의 이름을 공모하려고
⑤ 학생회에서 주관하는 성금 모으기 행사를 홍보하려고
02
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대화를 듣고, 남자의 의견으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
① 가족과 캠핑을 하는 것은 아이의 심리 발달에 도움이 된다.
‌
② 안락한 캠핑을 위하여 야영객들 사이에 서로 예의를 지켜야
한다.
‌
③ 아이들의 인성 함양을 위해서는 자연 친화적 활동이 필요
하다.
‌
④ 다양한 야외 활동이 아이들의 신체 적응력 신장에 필수
적이다.
‌
⑤ 비슷한 취미를 갖는 것이 가족 간 유대를 강화하는 데 효과
적이다.
03
05
22053-0233
22053-0235
대화를 듣고, 두 사람의 관계를 가장 잘 나타낸 것을 고르시오.
대화를 듣고, 여자가 남자를 위해 할 일로 가장 적절한 것을 고르
시오.
① 작가 - 평론가
① 태블릿 PC 빌리기
② 학생 - 서점 직원
② 발표 슬라이드 수정하기
③ 도서 편집자 - 교사
③ 노트북 컴퓨터 점검하기
④ 디자이너 - 사진작가
④ 회의 참가 방법 공지하기
⑤ 인쇄업자 - 출판사 직원
⑤ 세미나 진행 순서 검토하기
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대화를 듣고, 여자가 지불할 금액을 고르시오. [3점]
09
22053-0239
Eureka Science Lab에 관한 다음 내용을 듣고, 일치하지 않는
것을 고르시오.
① $ 81
② $ 83
① 2022년이 과학 체험 프로그램 제공 13년째 해이다.
③ $ 90
② 120개 학교의 학생들에게 과학 프로그램을 제공하였다.
④ $ 108
③ 초등학교와 중학교 수업을 한다.
⑤ $ 110
④ 프로그램을 무료로 제공한다.
⑤ 웹 사이트에 프로그램의 샘플 동영상을 올려놓았다.
07
22053-0237
대화를 듣고, 여자가 독후감 대회 참가 도서를 변경한 이유를
고르시오.
① 관심 분야가 바뀌어서
② 책 내용이 재미가 없어서
③ 책을 끝까지 읽지 못해서
④ 책이 대회의 주제에 맞지 않아서
⑤ 다른 참가자들이 같은 책을 골라서
10
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다음 표를 보면서 대화를 듣고, 두 사람이 주문할 자전거 헬멧을
고르시오.
Bike Helmets
08
Color
Size
Rear
Light
Weight
①
A
Pink
X-small
(48 – 52 cm)
×
250 g
②
B
White
X-small
(48 – 52 cm)
○
270 g
③
C
White Small (52 – 56 cm)
×
260 g
④
D
White Small (52 – 56 cm)
○
280 g
⑤
E
White Small (52 – 56 cm)
○
290 g
22053-0238
대화를 듣고, 시의 밤 행사에 관해 언급되지 않은 것을 고르시오.
① 장소
Model
② 시작 시간
③ 간식 제공 여부
④ 입장료
⑤ 입장 가능 인원
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14
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대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오.
대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]
① There are still four hours left. Let’s take a rest.
Man:
② Let’s meet there at six. I’ll treat you to dinner.
③ I work only four hours a day. It’s not so hard.
④ I have a job interview at four. I have to hurry.
⑤ It takes 10 minutes to get there. It’s very close.
① Don’t bother. I’ve found it myself.
② I see. But I’ll never forget her kindness.
③ Too bad. I don’t remember when I lost it.
④ I’m sorry. Please tell me her number again.
⑤ All right. I’ll contact her after I get my wallet.
12
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대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오.
① I’m sure you’ll get well soon.
② Well, I wonder if it’ll help me.
③ No, there was never any privacy.
④ Yeah, it’ll make me more relaxed.
⑤ I’m glad I can stay in the dormitory.
13
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대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오.
15
Woman:
다음 상황 설명을 듣고, Brenda가 Mike에게 할 말로 가장 적절
한 것을 고르시오. [3점]
① I’ll do that. Could you call me when it arrives?
Brenda:
22053-0245
② I’m sorry. Can I exchange it for a different size?
① I can’t find the exit leading to the stairs.
④ I don’t think so. Why do you think it’ll work for
② I think it would be better to use the stairs.
me?
⑤ All right. Could you recommend a different
model?
③ You’d better wait here while I check it out.
‌
‌
③ I’ve changed my mind. Can I get a refund for it?
④ This elevator only goes up to the 10th floor.
⑤ Let’s watch a movie online together instead.
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18
[16 ~ 17] 다음을 듣고, 물음에 답하시오.
22053-0248
다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?
16
22053-0246
남자가 하는 말의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
① jobs in which statistics is useful
Dear Mr. Rogan,
② career choices in the digital age
I, Kwame Brown, am an employee of
Filters-for-All, your company’s air filter
vendor. During our company’s recent
office move, I seemed to have misplaced
the bill for your last order. Unfortunately,
I also have no record of the bill reference
number nor any other details such as
who signed the receipt on your end. I am
having great difficulty in processing my
record without the bill, and the company’s
regular inspection for the accounts of my
department will take place next month.
Hence, I would like to request that you
send me a copy of the bill. It would be
appreciated if you prioritize this request
and send me the copy as soon as possible.
Should you have any questions, please
feel free to reach me at 101 - 345 - 3934.
I am available 24/7.
③ forecasts of global industrial trends
④ factors that influence job satisfaction
⑤ ways to collect data for statistical purposes
17
22053-0247
언급된 직업이 아닌 것은?
① business owner
② financial manager
③ weather forecaster
④ military recruiter
⑤ medical researcher
Sincerely,
Kwame Brown
Sales Director of Filters-for-All
① 계약 연장 조건을 제시하려고
② 대금 지급 방법을 문의하려고
③ 물품 매매 계약 철회를 통보하려고
④ 정기 회계 감사의 연기를 부탁하려고
⑤ 주문 청구서의 사본 발송을 요청하려고
이제 듣기 문제가 끝났습니다. 18번부터는 문제지의 지시에 따
라 답을 하시기 바랍니다.
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20
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다음 글에 드러난 Sarabeth의 심경 변화로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
Sarabeth felt the wind move her around the same
way Dorothy was taken from Kansas in The Wizard
of Oz. Trembling from head to toe, she took a quick
look at the blankets of cold rain that pounded the
forest floor. Where are the houses? The grownups?
Isn’t anyone looking for me? She ran. A lightning
When we believe that we have all we need
to accomplish whatever we want, we’re setting
ourselves up for disappointment when our process
goes awry. This is because we think our abilities
are fixed — if we can’t succeed based on what
we already know or can do, we never will. That
makes our disappointments more profound and
① bored → excited
② terrified → relieved
③ distressed → puzzled
④ sorrowful → horrified
⑤ delighted → disappointed
잘못되어, 틀어져서
✽✽corrosive:
(정신적으로) 유해한
① 기존의 지식을 바탕으로 새로운 지식에 접근해야 한다.
② 자신의 능력에 맞추어 성취 가능한 학습 목표를 설정해야
‌
(머리나 몸을 움직여) 피하다
✽awry:
한다.
③ 목표했던 일에 실패하더라도 실망하지 말고 계속 도전해야
‌
✽duck:
important, if possible.
한다.
④ 타인의 기대에 얽매이지 말고 자신이 원하는 바를 추구해야
‌
She instinctively dashed inside. Failing to duck
as she ran in, she took a blow to her forehead for
her negligence. Her terror dulled the pain as she
charged deeper inside. Feeling the cave floor ride
up in shallow, uneven steps, she stumbled several
feet farther into the dark. Dry sand! She fell down.
Grabbing the warm, soft sand with her hands while
on her knees, she felt her almost completely broken
spirit seemed to be freed from the fear that had
taken over her.
corrosive. So at the beginning of a project that
seems unfamiliar, we need to tell our brain that
we’re in learning mode. We need to establish that
one of our main takeaways from this undertaking
will be new knowledge, not just an immediately
successful outcome. Reframe your expectations to
make the learning as important as the result — more
한다.
⑤ 익숙하지 않은 일을 시작할 때는 결과보다 배움에 주안점을
‌
strike tore apart a hundred foot tree just as she
found an opening in the face of the cliff. A cave?
두어야 한다.
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밑줄 친 Decoding these more subtle aspects of the
cityscape가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]
There is a hidden world of design all around you
if you look closely enough, but the disharmony of
visual noise in our cities can make it hard to notice
key details. There are street markings that guard
you from being blown to bits, tiny emergency
boxes attached to building exteriors that can help
save occupants in a fire, and ornamental flourishes
that may seem like mere decoration but actually
work to hold entire brick buildings together. Amid
all of this, there are also countless odds and ends
that simply accumulate through people forever
reshaping a city to fit their needs. Decoding these
more subtle aspects of the cityscape can also help
you gain insight into the people who make cities
what they are, most of whom are just trying to live
their lives, but some of whom are actively trying to
save yours.
✽flourish:
장식 조각
✽✽odds
and ends: 잡동사니
22053-0252
다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
Given all of our inborn obstacles, the question
becomes, can self-discipline and willpower be
learned? Can we really learn how to just grind our
teeth together and work like a machine when the
time comes? The answer is: maybe. The key seems
to be awareness. A joint study conducted by the
Hong Kong University of Science and Chicago
University demonstrated that understanding
why a specific action was chosen helped boost
self-discipline. Participants were asked to describe
a time when they resisted temptation; they were
immediately thereafter offered an indulgence and
70% gave in. But when another group was asked
to explain why they had resisted a temptation,
69% were able to turn down the indulgence. They
placed strong emotional value on resistance and
acknowledged a benefit from avoiding a previous
temptation, so merely being aware of the reason
for resistance significantly reinforced their
self-discipline.
‌
① analyzing the natural and artificial characteristics
22
✽indulgence:
마음껏 빠져 즐길 수 있는 일, 탐닉
① 유혹을 극복하려면 반복적인 훈련이 필요하다.
② 자제의 이유를 인식하면 자제력을 높일 수 있다.
③ 저항적인 성향을 가진 사람이 자기 관리에 능하다.
④ 의지력보다 잠재의식이 행동에 더 큰 영향을 미친다.
⑤ 감정을 살펴보면 특정 행동이 왜 일어나는지 알 수 있다.
‌
‌
‌
‌
of cities
② learning the various ways urban dwellers earn
money
③ finding the sources of the various noises in urban
areas
④ appreciating the aesthetic value of the buildings
in cities
⑤ understanding design details in cities that are
meant to protect people
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22053-0253
24
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다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Subsidies can be offered directly or through
the tax system to encourage producers as well
as consumers to make choices that are not
environmentally harmful. Unlike taxes, they
provide incentives by decreasing the price or
purchasing costs of products and are often labeled
as fiscal incentives. Along with tax breaks, they are
The main rules about eating are simple: If you
do not eat you die; and no matter how large your
dinner, you will soon be hungry again. Precisely
because we must both eat and keep on eating,
human beings have poured enormous effort into
making food more than itself, so that it bears
diverse meanings beyond its primary purpose
designed to provide economic incentives to correct
market failures with respect to natural resources
and pollution control. Thus, they motivate firms
to reduce pollution loads on the environment.
However, by definition, subsidies distort prices
and tend to increase producer profits and lower
consumer prices, and can negatively affect the
environment. This occurs when they support
activities that encourage over-consumption and,
ultimately degrade the environment. For example,
governments in emerging economies often control
consumer prices for energy, keeping them below
the real market level in order to promote economic
development and alleviate poverty. But fuel tax
of physical nutrition. It becomes an immensely
adaptable mythic prototype (modern economists,
for example, love to assure us that our longing to
“consume” goods in general, like our need to eat, is
insatiable), an art form, a medium for commercial
exchange and social interaction, the source for
an array of distinguishing marks of class and
nationhood. We have to keep eating, so we make
eating the occasion for insisting on other things as
well — concepts and feelings which are vital for
our well-being, but many of them complex, difficult
to analyse or understand, and definitely not so easy
to concentrate on as food is when we are hungry.
rebates and low energy prices stimulate the use
of fossil fuels, while subsidies for road transport
increase congestion and air pollution.
✽subsidy:
보조금
✽✽fiscal:
재정상의
✽✽✽rebate:
환급
‌
① unintended side effects of subsidies on the
✽insatiable:
만족을 모르는
① Table Manners Which Should Never Be Broken
② Unending Appetite: The Sign of Mental Deficit
③ Eating Is More than Just Filling Our Stomachs
④ How Did Humans Beat Their Hunger?
⑤ Different Foods in Different Cultures
‌
‌
‌
‌
environment
② the change of consumption for sustainable
development
③ the need to operate subsidies for economic
efficiency
④ the significance of a pricing strategy in
marketing
⑤ similarities and differences of taxes and
subsidies
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Arnaud Massey에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
Changes in Global Wildlife Populations (1970—2016)
Mammals
49 %
Birds
47 %
Reptiles
51 %
Amphibians
36 %
Fishes
46 %
7%
7%
6%
6%
44 %
46 %
43 %
58 %
4%
50 %
the populations that increased during the studied period
the populations that remained stable during the studied period
the populations that decreased during the studied period
The chart above shows the percentage of
populations of five wildlife groups that increased,
remained stable, and decreased between 1970
and 2016. ① The percentage of populations
that increased was the highest among reptiles
and the second highest among mammals, with
both measuring about 50%. ② Meanwhile, the
percentage of populations that decreased was the
highest among amphibians, which was followed
by fishes, birds, mammals, and reptiles. ③ Across
each group, the percentage of populations that
remained stable was less than 10%. ④ The group
with the smallest difference between the percentage
of populations that increased and populations
that decreased was birds. ⑤ On the other hand,
amphibians showed the largest difference between
the percentage of populations that increased and
populations that decreased, with the percentage of
populations that decreased more than double that of
populations that increased.
140
22053-0256
Born in Biarritz, France, Arnaud Massey was
the first continental European golfer to achieve
great success in the United Kingdom. Massey
began his golf career as a caddie and met several
leading golfers of the day. From 1902 he began
playing in the Open Championship, finishing in the
top 20 for the next two decades. In 1913 he led a
four-man French team to victory against the United
States in an international match between the two
nations. In 1911, he published the first ever French
book on golf, which was translated to English in
1914. Though he was wounded at Verdun in World
War I, Massey recovered and played at a high
level for many years, even defeating Bobby Jones
in a foursome exhibition match held in 1926 in
the United States and winning the Spanish Open
in 1927 and 1928. In the 1930s, he spent time in
Marrakesh, Morocco, helping to redesign the golf
course there. He is widely regarded as the greatest
European player of the first seven decades of the
20th century.
① 캐디로 골프 경력을 시작했다.
② 1913년에 미국에 맞서 프랑스 팀을 승리로 이끌었다.
③ 골프에 관한 최초의 프랑스어 책을 출간했다.
④ 제 1 차 세계 대전 시 부상을 입어 선수 생활을 완전히
‌
다음 도표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
26
그만두었다.
⑤ 모로코에서 골프 코스를 재설계하는 것을 도왔다.
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Friends of Hotel Sunrise에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하지
않는 것은?
2022 MWRA Annual Poster Contest에 관한 다음 안내문의
내용과 일치하는 것은?
Friends of Hotel Sunrise
2022 MWRA Annual Poster Contest
Topic: All About STEM
A five-star exclusive members club that is free
to join and comes with great benefits
Welcome to Friends of Hotel Sunrise, the
online portal connecting you instantly to
exclusive benefits when directly booking with
us. You will receive the lowest room rates, room
upgrades, late room checkout, and other special
deals as a member.
Membership Benefits
•Room upgrade to the next level
•10% off room rates
•20% off your bill in our restaurants
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•Free water & free wireless Internet
‌
‌
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Notes
Create a poster showing people working in
the water or wastewater sector, as it relates to
Science, Technology, Engineering or Math
(STEM).
Eligibility: The poster contest is open to all
grade 10–12 students in the Massachusetts
Water Resources Authority (MWRA) service
area. Only students living in the service area are
eligible to enter.
Entry Requirement: Posters should be no
smaller than 8.5×11 inches.
Prizes: First prize is a $100 gift card, 2nd prize
is a $50 gift card, and 3rd prize is a $25 gift
card.
•Room upgrades are subject to availability.
•The restaurant discount offer is not applicable
Deadline: Entries must be postmarked by
to breakfast, mini-bar, brunch or any special
promotions.
•Membership benefits only apply to members
staying at the hotel and not to any third
parties.
Submission Address: Massachusetts Water
‌
‌
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You can read the full terms and conditions of
your membership on our webpage [click here].
Friday, November 11. Early entries are
encouraged.
Resources Authority 2 Griffin Way Chelsea,
MA 02150
If you still have questions,
please send us an email or give us a call.
askandanswer@mwra.com / 617-305-5646
① 무료로 회원 가입을 할 수 있다.
② 회원에게 객실 퇴실 시간 연장 혜택을 제공한다.
③ 회원 혜택으로 세탁 요금을 10% 할인해 준다.
④ 호텔 식당에서 아침 식사 시 회원 할인 혜택이 있다.
⑤ 호텔 투숙 회원에게만 회원 혜택을 준다.
① 수상 스포츠 분야 종사자를 보여 주는 포스터의 경연이다.
② 어느 지역에 사는 학생이든 지원할 수 있다.
③ 출품작 크기는 8.5×11인치 이상이어야 한다.
④ 3위 입상자는 50달러 상품권을 받는다.
⑤ 10월 11일까지 소인이 찍힌 출품작만 받는다.
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22053-0259
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Flightlessness and predation are undeniably
connected, and birds living on islands or remote
lakes, ① where predation was nonexistent or very
low, became flightless because the major reason
for using their wings was absent. However, there
are a number of puzzles. Why, if predation was the
control, have several birds on the continental land
masses ② reaching the semiflightless stage in the
face of numerous predators? Also, why did birds
become flightless on islands with predators which
could certainly be expected to prey upon ③ them?
Obviously, it is not solely the lack of predators that
④ reduces a bird’s need to fly, as is so often stated.
While no predation is optimum, for some birds
even the presence of predators did not force them
to use their wings ⑤ sufficiently to maintain them,
and they have lost or almost lost their use. The
only possible conclusion is that it was the level of
predation, not the lack of predators, that produced
flightlessness.
✽optimum:
최적 조건의, 최적의
30
22053-0260
(A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한
것은?
Theorists in the field of animal ethics often
assume that there is a clear difference between
the suffering caused by non-human sources and
the suffering caused by human beings. Only the
(A) former / latter merits attention, because
morality only concerns acts committed by moral
agents. Thus, in seeking to answer the problem of
the fox and the rabbit (should we save the rabbit
from the fox?), Regan has suggested that only acts
that are committed by moral agents count; where
there are no moral agents, no harm has been done.
The suffering of the rabbit mauled by a fox is,
quite simply, (B) inside / outside moral concern.
However, this view has also been criticized.
Dale Jamieson has pointed out that, applied to
human beings, it would mean that we should
only help Matilda if she is attacked by a person,
but not if she is about to be hit by a tree. The
(C) ridiculousness / validity of this conclusion
would suggest that suffering must bear some
relevance regardless of whether or not its source is
human.
142
……
……
……
……
(B)
inside
outside
inside
outside
outside
……
……
……
……
……
(A)
① former
② former
③ latter
④ latter
⑤ latter
……
✽maul:
(짐승 등이) 할퀴어 상처를 입히다
(C)
validity
validity
ridiculousness
ridiculousness
validity
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[31 ~ 34] 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
32
31
Leaders understand
in
building mass movements, a language parallel
to and separate from the policy detail preferred
by officials and academics. Rather than confront
the British on their own terms, Mahatma Gandhi
wrong-footed colonial authorities with small
personal acts like collecting salt and spinning
cotton on a simple spinning wheel to highlight the
search for self-sufficiency and independence. The
spinning wheel even appeared on an early version
of the Indian flag. Mandela too had a talent for
the heart-stopping gesture, reaching out to white
South Africans by wearing the Springbok rugby
shirt or travelling to a remote Afrikaner community
to take tea with the ninety-four-year-old widow of
Henrik Verwoerd, a key architect of apartheid. Both
Mandela and Gandhi demonstrated that humility
and ethical integrity can generate more political
legitimacy than displays of force or expertise.
22053-0261
The relative cheapness and growing variety of
dress had
effects. Lighter fabrics
meant adding layers to keep warm. And this opened
up fresh opportunities for fashionable combinations
and accessories such as ribbons, hats and
handkerchiefs wrapped around the neck. Patterned
neckerchiefs moved within the reach of poor
workers and peasants. The wheel of acquisition
and replacement accelerated. While the price of a
coat or gown was declining, the actual proportion
of income spent on clothing went up, as people’s
wardrobes became more varied and changed more
frequently. In 1700, French servants spent 10 per
cent of their earnings on clothes. By 1780, it had
risen to a third. Ironically, it was probably the urban
poor who changed their clothes most frequently, for
theirs wore out most quickly, without the benefits
of soap, laundry and repair. [3점]
① moral
22053-0262
✽wrong-foot:
✽✽Afrikaner:
✽✽✽apartheid:
곤경에 빠뜨리다
아프리카너(남아프리카 태생의 백인)
아파르트헤이트(예전 남아프리카공화국의 인종 차별 정책)
② political
③ aesthetic
① the value of sacrifice
④ paradoxical
② the need to take risks
⑤ psychological
③ the role of symbolism
④ the harm of selfishness
⑤ the potential of education
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22053-0263
Exchanges that take place in traditional markets
and bazaars, among villagers, or along trade routes
frequently are
.
B e c a u s e m a ny o f t h e g o o d s s o l d i n t h e s e
transactions are hand-produced and vary in quality,
the market “reference” point for a product covers a
wide range of prices. Ultimately, a merchant who
is selling a higher quality product and is a good
negotiator should obtain a higher price compared
with competitors. But uneven supply and uneven
demand — and small numbers of buyers and
sellers — also create price fluctuations. Strong
relationships and social ties may also matter. In the
end, negotiation establishes what a product is worth
to a particular buyer and seller at a particular point
in time. A fair price today may not be a fair price
tomorrow. [3점]
① limited to those of personal property
② operated secretly to avoid competition
③ initiated by high loyalty to local markets
④ associated with hard bargaining over price
34
22053-0264
When manners are forgotten, the meal as a social
occasion disappears, as is already happening.
People now eat distractedly before a TV screen,
fill their bodies in the street, or walk around the
workplace with a sandwich in their hands. When
I first taught in America, I was shocked to find
students carrying into the lecture hall pizzas and
hot dogs, which they proceeded to stuff into their
faces while staring in mild curiosity at the person
on the platform. Later, colleagues told me that this
behavior didn’t spring from the university ethos; it
began at school — it began in the home itself.
Already the most important moment of social
renewal — on which families depend for their
inner self-confidence, and out of which serious
friendships grow — was becoming marginal for
the young.
,
and it is not surprising if a generation of children
brought up in this way should find it difficult or
alien to settle down in any relationship other than a
provisional and temporary one. [3점]
✽ethos:
(특정 집단·사회의) 기풍
✽✽provisional:
일시적인
⑤ related to the development of transportation
① Eating was shrinking into a function
② Sharing food was expanding our social networks
③ Rituals were shaping how we prepared our meals
‌
④ Social media were influencing people’s food
‌
choices
⑤ People were becoming indifferent to the
ethnicity of food
144
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정답과 해설 138쪽
다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
Social libraries in colonial America experienced
some competition from “circulating libraries,”
which made books available for a fee. They were
generally run out of newspaper offices, bookstores,
and coffeehouses in towns with enough readers to
constitute a market. ① A circulating library owner
usually advanced the capital necessary to acquire a
collection, then rented it by the book or time period
(or combination of the two) to anyone willing to
pay. ② Because profits depended on circulation,
owners stocked books that circulated most. ③ As
a result, they preferred novels, a rapidly growing
category of reading. ④ Basically the argument
against novels was that they would cause people
to have unrealistic expectations of life. ⑤ Where
social libraries avoided stories depicting romance,
murders, hangings, and scandals of popular interest
that papers like the Boston Gazette regularly
reported, circulating libraries embraced them.
[36 ~ 37] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것
을 고르시오.
36
22053-0266
Imagine a child who wears toy glasses with
red-coloured lenses. Perhaps, like me, you were
once that child! If so, you would have noticed
that the red tint dimmed other colours and gave
objects a spectral pinkish-grey tinge. Colours
burst back to life once the glasses come off.
(A) When a colour-blind person puts on such new
glasses for the first time, they respond with
deep emotion: a man in his fifties who received
such a gift wept at the bright clarity of the
colours.
‌
22053-0265
(B) Another stood in amazement staring at the
trees and sky, crying with disbelief at the
beautiful contrast between the green and the
blue. Witnessing such powerful expressions of
feeling reminds us of the wonder of colour.
‌
35
‌
(C) Now imagine the reverse: How would it be to
have had red-green colour blindness from birth
and then to put on glasses that enabled you to
see colours in their correct wavelengths? Such
corrective glasses do exist.
✽spectral:
스펙트럼의
① (A)-(C)-(B)
② (B)-(A)-(C)
③ (B)-(C)-(A)
④ (C)-(A)-(B)
✽✽tinge:
빛깔
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
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22053-0267
One thing that consumerism gets right is
obvious. Human beings have needs that are
directly addressed by consumption.
‌
(A) Higher up, we have a need for self-esteem and
status. At the top of this pyramid is the need for
what he calls self-actualization (if you like, you
could substitute the word salvation here). The
lowest needs in Maslow’s hierarchy tend to
occupy our attention until they are met.
‌
(B) Only then can we move up the scale to focus
on higher needs. We might argue about whether
this is the way things should be, but it is not
hard to accept this as a generally accurate
picture of what actually happens. If we are
hungry, extremely tired or under physical
threat, we are not the most loving and sociable
creatures.
‌
(C) A useful tool for understanding the relationship
between consumption and needs has been
provided by Abraham Maslow. His hierarchy
o f h u m a n n e e d s b eg i n s w i t h t h e b a s i c
physiological and safety needs, proceeding to
needs for belonging and love. [3점]
✽salvation:
① (A)-(C)-(B)
② (B)-(A)-(C)
③ (B)-(C)-(A)
④ (C)-(A)-(B)
[38~ 39] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장
적절한 곳을 고르시오.
38
22053-0268
The need to provide lodging for these travelers
gave rise to the concept of the public house in
Britain.
The Romans brought their tradition of
tradesmen’s pictorial signs to the British Isles along
with the concept of the public house. ( ① ) Most
ancient people lived their entire lives confined to a
relatively small geographic area. ( ② ) However, the
widespread nature of the Roman Empire required
oversight, and thus travel, by Roman officials.
( ③ ) Public houses have continued to exist ever
since and have become an important part of British
culture. ( ④ ) By the Middle Ages the public house
was a well-established part of the commercial
landscape. ( ⑤ ) Records indicate that by 1393 the
law in England required inns to post signs, and by
1419 laws had been passed to regulate the size and
placement of these signs.
✽lodging:
(임시) 숙소
구원
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
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정답과 해설 140쪽
39
22053-0269
Indeed, it was not until the turn of the century
that that new metal could be produced cheaply
and began to replace brass as materials for
cooking pots.
Technology could make new products and
materials available but it could not ensure their
acceptance in the marketplace. It was left to
designers to play a role in gauging popular taste
and aspirations and in transforming new materials
into desirable goods. ( ① ) That was sometimes a
relatively easy task and sometimes not. ( ② ) The
semi-synthetic material, Celluloid, for example,
could easily be used as a substitute for more
expensive, highly desirable materials such as
jet, coral, and ivory and it was quickly accepted
as such. ( ③ ) Aluminium proved much more
challenging to designers. ( ④ ) Even then, it was
regarded with some suspicion because of its
proximity to food. ( ⑤ ) Only in the inter-war years
of the twentieth century were designers able to
visualize aluminium products as modern objects in
their own right. [3점]
✽brass:
황동 (제품)
✽✽jet:
흑석(黑石)
✽✽✽proximity:
40
22053-0270
다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에
들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
Descriptively, Nietzsche is aware that most
individuals are anything but creative. Fearing
what his neighbor will say about him if he were to
deviate from convention, modern man conforms,
thereby making him “seem like [a] factory
[product].” Rather than look to himself as a source
of authority regarding how he ought to think and
act, the individual submits to the authority of others
in the form of public opinion. Nietzsche describes
such a man as one who “has evaded his genius and
... now looks furtively to left and right, behind him
and all about him.” Modern man is empty, and “in
the end such a man becomes impossible to get hold
of, since he is wholly exterior, without kernel, a
worn-out, painted bag of clothes, a decorated ghost
that cannot inspire even fear and certainly not pity.”
If creativity consists in being one’s own source of
authority — as opposed to subordinating oneself to
the authority of others by conforming to customs
— then Nietzsche is clear that as a descriptive
matter, most individuals do not cultivate creativity.
✽evade:
회피하다
✽✽furtively:
남몰래, 은밀히
✽✽✽kernel:
근접
알맹이

According to Nietzsche, most individuals in
(A)
creativity in that
the modern world
(B)
they
customs and public opinion
when thinking and acting.
(A)
① lack
② value
③ suppress
④ reject
⑤ pursue
⋯⋯
⋯⋯
⋯⋯
⋯⋯
⋯⋯
(B)
obey
obey
change
ignore
ignore
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[41 ~ 42] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
41
Teach and learn to analyze contemporary
American film with particular attention paid to
story lines and plot, genre conventions, thematic
meaning and interpretation, and characterization.
(a) Emphasize that students become critical,
visually literate “readers” of movie texts and that
they learn to exercise critical thinking and analysis
skills to move beyond the entertainment value of
film to its moral and educational utility, particularly
the ideological points-of-view embedded in cinema.
The larger goal of such a course is to teach students
how to critically analyze and evaluate films as
cultural texts.
Teachers must take (b) seriously the idea
that popular film can be a vehicle for social
commentary, analysis, and criticism. They can
stress the examination of both how a film works
as a cultural medium and how and why it affects
the viewer the way it does. We can learn how
to use popular American films to understand
competing perspectives on American history,
culture, and society. We must acknowledge, then,
윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
that the shaping of worldviews and attitudes about
difference is (c) determined by the constraints of
one’s cultural orientation and societal ideologies.
Most students have had their lives shaped
by/among homogenous groups. Consequently,
they have grown up with biases they have never
(d) refused to question. Therefore, we must
endeavor also in this “course” to offer ways that
the students can understand and challenge their
own sense of self and worldview by (e) expanding
their informational bases, uncovering truths, and
dispelling misconceptions in media portrayals.
✽homogenous:
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22053-0271
① What Is Cinematic Language?
② How to Become an Influential Movie Critic
‌
③ Why Has the Film Industry’s Racial Problem
‌
‌
Repeated?
④ Will Audiences Return to Theaters in the Era of
Home Cinema?
⑤ The Core of an American Film Course:
Challenging Cultural Biases
42
22053-0272
밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?
[3점]
① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
⑤ (e)
동질의
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Philo Taylor Farnsworth was born in 1906 in
southwestern Utah in a log cabin built by his
grandfather. As a young boy, Farnsworth loved
to read Popular Science and science books.
By the time he entered high school, (a) he had
already converted most of the family’s household
appliances to electrical power. While in high
school, he sketched out for his chemistry teacher
his idea for an “image dissector” that could
revolutionize television.
✽image
dissector: (라디오·TV의) 해상관(解像管)
(B)
While Farnsworth enjoyed his success and plotted
further developments, media giant RCA was
frustrated with its own effort to build an electronic
television. Executives learned that Farnsworth
welcomed visits from other inventors, so they sent
their top television expert, Vladimir Zworykin,
to see the young inventor. According to many
reports, Zworykin took obvious advantage of the
22-year-old’s hospitality and spent three days
closely examining the inventions at Farnsworth’s
lab. When Farnsworth showed him his image
dissector, Zworykin expressed admiration, and
several witnesses heard (b) him say, “This is a
beautiful instrument. I wish I’d invented it.”
(C)
Farnsworth’s openness proved to be his downfall.
Zworykin returned to RCA and developed his own
electronic television. While Farnsworth was still
raising money to mass-produce his television, RCA
launched a massive marketing campaign claiming
it had invented the electronic television. Although
Farnsworth filed a series of patent-violation
lawsuits against RCA — and eventually won after
years of costly courtroom battles — the damage
was done. RCA beat (c) him to the market and
temporarily rewrote history in the process.
✽splash:
대서특필하다
43
22053-0273
주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장
적절한 것은?
① (B)-(D)-(C)
② (C)-(B)-(D)
③ (C)-(D)-(B)
④ (D)-(B)-(C)
⑤ (D)-(C)-(B)
44
22053-0274
밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?
① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
⑤ (e)
45
22053-0275
윗글의 Farnsworth에 관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?
① 고등학생 시절 해상관에 대한 아이디어를 화학 교사에게
‌
(A)
(D)
At age 21, while working in San Francisco,
Farnsworth made his first successful electronic
television transmission. Continuing to perfect (d) his
system, he sought investors to fund his invention
efforts. One prominent financier showed some
interest. Farnsworth gave the man a demonstration
of the first all-electronic television. The financier
agreed to fund his work. Two weeks after his 22nd
birthday, Farnsworth made his big breakthrough.
He announced to the press that his new image
dissector would finally make electronic television
possible. The San Francisco Chronicle splashed
Farnsworth’s picture on the front page, praised
(e) his “revolutionary” television system, and
described his image dissector as “an ordinary quart
jar that a housewife uses to preserve fruit.”
설명했다.
② 다른 발명가들이 자신을 방문하는 것을 환영했다.
③ RCA를 상대로 한 특허 침해 소송에서 결국 패소했다.
④ 자신의 발명 노력에 대해 한 자산가에게 자금 지원을 받았다.
⑤ 자신의 발명품으로 전자 텔레비전을 개발할 수 있다고
‌
[43 ~ 45] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
언론에 발표했다.
실전 모의고사 4회
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5회
실전 모의고사
문항에 따라 배점이 다릅니다. 3점 문항에는 점수가 표시되어
있습니다. 점수 표시가 없는 문항은 모두 2점입니다.
제한시간
70 분
┃ 배점
100 점
04
22053-0279
대화를 듣고, 그림에서 대화의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.
Lv. 15
1번부터 17번까지는 듣고 답하는 문제입니다. 1번부터 15번까지
는 한 번만 들려주고, 16번부터 17번까지는 두 번 들려줍니다. 방
③
송을 잘 듣고 답을 하시기 바랍니다.
01
?
④
22053-0276
다음을 듣고, 남자가 하는 말의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르
시오.
②
①
⑤
‌
① 체육관의 리모델링을 위한 기금 모금 행사를 안내하려고
‌
② 새로 개관할 학교 체육관 이름 짓기 공모전을 홍보하려고
‌
③ 방과 후 스포츠 프로그램의 만족도 조사 결과를 발표하려고
‌
④ 학교 체육관 개관식에 자원 봉사자로 일할 학생을 모집하려고
‌
⑤ 배우고 싶은 실내 스포츠에 관한 설문 조사 참여를 부탁
하려고
02
22053-0277
대화를 듣고, 두 사람이 하는 말의 주제로 가장 적절한 것을 고르
시오.
① 야간 범죄가 발생했을 때 대처하는 요령
② 가로등을 많이 설치하여 얻게 되는 이점
③ 에너지를 절약하기 위한 다양한 실천 방안
④ 야간 조명 교체를 위한 예산 증액의 필요성
⑤ 많은 관광객을 유치하기 위한 시민들의 노력
03
22053-0278
05
22053-0280
대화를 듣고, 두 사람의 관계를 가장 잘 나타낸 것을 고르시오.
대화를 듣고, 여자가 할 일로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
① 모델 - 사진작가
① 노트북 교체하기
② 영화배우 - 분장사
② 휴대용 스피커 설치하기
③ 환자 - 물리치료사
③ 동영상 파일 다시 내려받기
④ 고객 - 화장품 판매원
④ 미디어 관리 센터에 연락하기
⑤ 시나리오 작가 - 영화감독
⑤ 학생들에게 교실 변경 알리기
150
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06
22053-0281
대화를 듣고, 남자가 지불할 금액을 고르시오. [3점]
09
22053-0284
Skyblue Lake Eco Walk에 관한 다음 내용을 듣고, 일치하지
않는 것을 고르시오.
① $18
② $20
① 지구의 날을 기념하기 위해 열리는 행사이다.
③ $25
② 참가자들은 호수 주변의 쓰레기를 주울 것이다.
④ $45
③ 산책은 공원 광장에서 시작한다.
⑤ $50
④ 추가 요금을 내고 반려견을 동반할 수 있다.
⑤ 산책 중 찍은 사진이 공원 게시판에 전시될 것이다.
07
22053-0282
대화를 듣고, 여자가 지난 주말에 부모님을 방문하지 않은 이유를
고르시오.
① 휴일 근무가 있어서
② 부모님이 여행 중이어서
③ 아픈 아들을 돌봐야 해서
④ 기차 예약을 하지 못해서
⑤ 부모님이 이번 주에 오시기로 해서
10
22053-0285
다음 표를 보면서 대화를 듣고, 두 사람이 주문할 여행용 가방을
고르시오.
08
Travel Suitcases
22053-0283
대화를 듣고, Dream Tomorrow Concert에 관해 언급되지 않은
것을 고르시오.
① 주최 단체
② 특별 초청 연주자
③ 공연 장소
④ 입장권 구입 방법
⑤ 수익금 기부처
Model
Size
Price
①
A
18 inches
$280
②
B
24 inches
$300
③
C
24 inches
$350
④
D
26 inches
$380
⑤
E
32 inches
$410
Expandable Exterior Type
×
○
×
○
○
Hard-sided
Soft-sided
Hard-sided
Hard-sided
Soft-sided
실전 모의고사 5회
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14
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대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오.
대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]
① Definitely. He’s at the hospital right now.
Man:
④ I’ll get you some medicine. I think that’ll do.
‌
⑤ Okay. I’ll call and cancel your doctor’s
② I know. That’s why I always use this library app.
③ Please let me know as soon as you get the
information.
④ On second thought, I don’t want to place an
order for it.
⑤ How come I didn’t know that? I’ve already
bought the book.
‌
‌
appointment.
① Sounds very convenient. I’ll install it right away.
‌
③ Don’t worry. The doctor said you’d be okay.
‌
② We should go to the party. Get ready now.
12
22053-0287
대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오.
‌
① I’ll pick you up at the subway station. Meet me
‌
‌
‌
‌
at Exit 5.
② That’s a relief! I don’t want to go out in this
weather.
③ Don’t worry. I’ll go get it while you take a
shower.
④ I’m afraid I might be a little late. Don’t wait for
me.
⑤ You’d better hurry. It might start raining any
minute.
15
13
22053-0288
대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오.
Woman:
22053-0290
다음 상황 설명을 듣고, Miranda가 아버지에게 할 말로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오.
Miranda:
① I don’t think you’re too old to drive a car.
② You don’t have to worry about repair costs.
② No problem. Just drop by my office after 3 p.m.
③ I’ll just be more careful when I’m behind the
③ If you ask me, I think it’s a little bit monotonous.
wheel.
④ Why don’t you use public transport instead of
driving?
⑤ Would you like me to help you renew your
driver’s license?
‌
yet.
⑤ Fine. Don’t forget to submit your application by
then.
152
‌
‌
‌
‌
④ Actually, I haven’t finished reading your essay
‌
① Thank you, if it’s not too much trouble for you.
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18
[16 ~ 17] 다음을 듣고, 물음에 답하시오.
22053-0293
다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?
16
22053-0291
여자가 하는 말의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]
Dear Valued Customer,
① eco-friendly alternatives to plastic
② global efforts to reduce plastic waste
③ various sources of microplastics in the ocean
④ properties of different types of microplastics
‌
⑤ impacts of microplastics on marine organisms
17
22053-0292
언급된 제품이 아닌 것은?
① fishing nets
② baby bottles
④ toys
③ synthetic blankets
⑤ toothpaste
I’m particularly excited to be writing you
because I’ve got a huge announcement that
I’ve been waiting more than eight months
to make. I’m thrilled to officially invite you
to our brand-new premium membership
program! Our expansive membership
offerings are a result of all the things you
told us you wanted on the many surveys
leading up to this launch. Of course,
the magazine you hold in your hands is
certainly one vehicle to get you there,
but this premium membership program
is a fantastic way for all you clean-eating
devotees to level up with even more content
and exclusive access to experts. We’ve
created a library of cooking, wellness and
nutrition videos for you, and our top experts
will host monthly webinars where you can
directly ask questions. All of this for just
$60 a year (that’s $5 a month). Please visit
cleaneating.com/signup and learn more
about all these amazing benefits in depth. I
really hope to see you there!
Sincerely,
Anika Robinson
Editor in Chief
✽webinar:
웨비나(인터넷상의 세미나)
① 연회비를 인상하게 된 배경을 설명하려고
② 새로운 고품격 회원 프로그램을 안내하려고
③ 구내식당의 위생 문제가 개선되었음을 보고하려고
이제 듣기 문제가 끝났습니다. 18번부터는 문제지의 지시에 따
라 답을 하시기 바랍니다.
④ 회원 대상 설문 조사에 참여해 줄 것을 요청하려고
⑤ 요리 전문가의 강습 시간이 변경되었음을 공지하려고
실전 모의고사 5회
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19
22053-0294
20
22053-0295
다음 글에 드러난 Harry의 심경 변화로 가장 적절한 것은?
다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
Harry closed out his rented room, bought
provisions, and headed out to his new property in
his new Jeep. He felt like singing all the way, the
air was so fresh and the sights all seemed to be
beckoning him home. There were several small
sheds and two other buildings. The first building
was built of rough wood and had a metal roof and
One of the consequences of poor financial
literacy, beyond the obvious mistakes of poor
financial planning, is the inability to understand
and direct that financial future for ourselves. Times
are changing, and the responsibility is shifting to us
to be active participants in directing our own future.
Given the new economic reality facing us, I believe
a lot of windows. When he thrust open the heavy
door and peeped inside, all his expectations were
turned upside down. Dirt and litter was all over the
place. It looked like it had been in a battle. Many of
the wooden bunks were broken and there were no
springs. The thought that he had too many things to
do to settle down there left him in total despair.
that most people are woefully underprepared for
securing a comfortable retirement. What we need
today is a fundamental paradigm shift away from
our passive dependence on systems — which may
or may not still exist when we’re ready to retire
— to take care of our retirement; instead, we
must begin to educate ourselves about the basic
economic reality confronting us. Think of financial
literacy as an investment in your own human
capital. Inherent in each of us is the untapped
potential of financial awareness. The knowledge
you gain today is an investment that can pay off in
the future.
✽provisions:
① lonely → thrilled
② nervous → relieved
③ excited → hopeless
④ doubtful → satisfied
식료품, 식량
✽✽shed:
헛간, 창고
⑤ confident → ashamed
✽woefully:
애석하게도
‌
① 노후를 위해 젊을 때부터 건강한 생활 습관을 길러야 한다.
‌
② 자신의 경제적 상황을 고려하지 않는 금융 투자는 지양해야
한다.
‌
③ 노후의 경제적 안정을 위해 퇴직 연령을 최대한 늦춰야
한다.
‌
④ 국민의 안정된 노후를 보장하는 사회적 제도가 갖춰져야
한다.
‌
⑤ 미래에 직면할 경제적 현실에 대비해 금융 지식을 갖춰야
한다.
154
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21
22053-0296
밑줄 친 alone in a crowd of sheep이 다음 글에서 의미하는
바로 가장 적절한 것은?
In one study, students read about campus issues
and were given (false and random) information
about what a panel of students had decided. The
students generally went along with the panel’s
recommendations, but they denied doing so out
of conformity. However, they thought that other
students would go along because of conformity.
People do not see in themselves any desire to
conform to others, so they do not chalk up their
own behavior to conformity. The catch is that
conformity pressures and processes may be mostly
outside of consciousness, so people do not realize
that they are conforming. They can see conformity
in others but not in themselves. As the authors put
it, the result is that the individual thinks he or she is
“alone in a crowd of sheep.”
✽chalk
up ~ to ...: ~을 …의 탓으로 돌리다
① not following other people’s thinking
② recognized as the sole leader by others
22
22053-0297
다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
When it comes to decarbonizing transportation,
we need to look past technological magic bullets.
Electric vehicles are a hugely needed solution,
but climate scientists have repeatedly found that
they are not sufficient on their own. California’s
Air Resources Board found that even if every car
in the state were electric, and 75 percent of the
electricity came from renewable sources, driving
would need to decline by 15 percent for the state
to reach its climate goals. In Hawaii, a 100 percent
electric vehicle policy will not be enough to end
the state’s dependence on imported oil without
complementary policies, including transit, that can
convince people to drive less. Project Drawdown,
one of the most comprehensive efforts to model the
ability of different policies to reduce greenhouse
gases, has concluded that the most immediate
transportation priority in urban areas is not electric
vehicle policy but maximizing the share of trips
taken by bicycle and public transit.
✽decarbonizing
③ being watched by people who are nearby
transportation: 탈탄소화 수송
(화석 연료를 사용하지 않는 수송)
④ feeling overwhelmed by too many demands
① 기후 변화에 대응하기 위해 신재생 에너지 설비 증설이 시급
‌
⑤ staying alert in a boring or monotonous situation
하다.
‌
② 해외에서 시행되고 있는 전기 차 보급 정책에 대한 분석이
중요하다.
‌
③ 전기 차 보급의 활성화는 국가의 적극적인 정책 지원이 뒷받
침되어야 한다.
‌
④ 주민들이 실생활에서 실천할 수 있는 더 현실적인 친환경
캠페인이 요구된다.
‌
⑤ 탄소 저감을 위해 전기 차 정책에만 의존하는 것보다 차량
운행 감소가 필요하다.
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24
22053-0299
다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]
다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Managing the sport and media relationship is
vital for not only the success of sport organisations
but the media as well. Media have become just as
reliant on sport for content to broadcast to sport
consumers to attract large audiences. But in order
to provide this content sport has had to relinquish
some traditions, rules and formats in order to make
Given their status as part of the family, with
better health care and nutrition than perhaps ever
before, in some respects the quality of life for many
dogs is at an all-time high. However, this view
of dogs as part of the family has a downside for
some dogs. It is a wonderful thing that so many of
us consider our companion animals as part of our
them attractive to media which places unique
pressures on sport managers. For example, the
broadcasting of golf saw the original match play
format change to stroke play with the leaders of
the tournament, who are typically the big names in
golf, teeing off last to elevate audience interest and
viewership in the final stages of tournaments. In
the sport of tennis, a tie-break rule was introduced
to quickly declare a winner at the end of earlier sets
in a match when games were tied at six all. This
rule speeds up the winning of sets in order to keep
matches shorter so television viewers are exposed
to an increased number of matches and different
players throughout the duration of the daily
family, but if we extend this to the point where we
expect them to behave like human members of our
family, without teaching them how we wish them
to behave, then we do them a disservice. This can
① significant events in the history of sport
② efforts to reduce the time it takes to play sport
‌
③ changes in sport made to meet the needs of
‌
‌
media
④ t h e d eve l o p m e n t o f s p o r t b r o a d c a s t i n g
technology
⑤ the need to have background knowledge of a
sport to enjoy it
156
① Set Realistic Expectations for Your Companion
‌
off: 티샷을 하다, 제1타를 치다
해로운
Dog
② Your Dog Has the Same Emotions That You
Have
③ Humans’ Love for Their Dogs Can Be Beyond
Words
④ Things to Consider When Choosing a
Companion Dog
⑤ How Companion Dogs Improve the Quality of
Their Owner’s Life
‌
✽✽tee
✽✽detrimental:
‌
포기하다, 내주다
무심코
‌
✽relinquish:
✽inadvertently:
‌
broadcast.
extend to assigning motives to their behavior that
may not exist, such as guilt, attempts to dominate
human household members, and similar. The way
in which we treat our dogs is influenced by our
beliefs of how our dogs perceive their world; if we
over or underestimate their sensory or cognitive
abilities, or their ability to feel certain emotions,
we may inadvertently be putting them in situations
detrimental to their welfare.
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25
22053-0300
다음 도표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
Shipbuilding Orders of the World and the Republic of Korea
40
35.1
30.06
30
20
10
0
13.41
(38%)
7.92
(26%)
14.02
2.24
(16%)
2016
29.1
2017
2018
(Unit: million CGT)
World
Korea
9.8
(34%)
2019
19.24
8.19
(43%)
2020
*The percentages are rounded to the nearest whole number.
The above graph shows the shipbuilding orders
of the world and the Republic of Korea, and
Korea’s shares in global shipbuilding orders from
2016 to 2020. ① In 2016, the world’s shipbuilding
orders were 14.02 million compensated gross
tonnes (CGT), and Korea’s shipbuilding orders
were 2.24 million CGT, which were 16 percent of
the global market. ② In 2017, both the world and
Korea’s shipbuilding orders showed a considerable
increase from the previous year, and Korea’s share
in global shipbuilding orders increased from the
previous year by 10 percentage points. ③ Of all the
graphed periods, both the world and Korea had the
largest shipbuilding orders in 2018, when Korea
comprised 38 percent of the global shipbuilding
orders. ④ In 2019, the world’s shipbuilding orders
fell by 6 million CGT from the previous year, and
Korea’s share in global shipbuilding orders fell by
4 percentage points from the previous year. ⑤ In
2020, the global shipbuilding orders continued to
decline, and Korea’s share in global shipbuilding
orders also declined by 9 percentage points from
the previous year.
✽CGT:
26
22053-0301
David Bustill Bowser에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는
것은?
David Bustill Bowser, unlike his cousin and
mentor Robert Douglass, was basically a “weekend”
artist. His paintings grew out of a desire to record
personal impressions and ideas; but, to support
himself and his family, Bowser was obliged to
work as a painter of emblems and banners for fire
companies and fraternal organizations. In 1852 an
exhibition review in the New York Herald praised
Bowser for his marine paintings. He has also
been credited with numerous portraits of eminent
persons, including two of Abraham Lincoln. One
Bowser portrait of Lincoln, now lost, is believed to
have been commissioned, and posed for, by Lincoln
himself; the other is now located in a home for
aged African Americans, in Philadelphia. Because
Bowser was not a full-time artist, his output was
limited; he brought to his relatively few works,
however, an originality that compensated for his
lack of technical expertise.
✽fraternal
organization: 친목회, 공제 조직
✽✽eminent: 저명한
① 자신의 사촌인 Robert Douglass가 그의 멘토였다.
② 가족을 부양하기 위해 상징물과 깃발을 그렸다.
③ 1852년에 바다를 그린 그림으로 찬사를 받았다.
④ Lincoln의 의뢰로 그렸다는 초상화가 현재 보존되어 있다.
⑤ 독창성으로 자신의 기술적 전문성의 부족을 보완했다.
환산톤(선박 건조량을 나타내는 단위)
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27
22053-0302
28
22053-0303
Cordless Steam Iron에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하지
않는 것은?
Adirondack Expressions Art Camp에 관한 다음 안내문의
내용과 일치하는 것은?
Cordless Steam Iron
Adirondack Expressions Art Camp
Filling the water tank
Hold the iron in a tilted position, then fill the
water tank using a measuring cup.
■ It is recommended to use purified water.
■ Do not exceed the max level on the water
tank.
■
‌
‌
‌
Steam ironing
Position the iron vertically on its charging
base.
■ Ensure that the steam control is in the OFF
position.
■ Connect the plug to a suitable power outlet.
The blue light on the charging base will
illuminate.
■ Turn the temperature dial to a setting within
the steam range.
■ When the indicator lamp on the handle of the
iron turns red, the iron is heating up.
■ The heating symbol
will turn green once
the iron achieves the desired temperature and
is ready to use.
■ Turn on the steam control and begin ironing.
■
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
After ironing
After use, turn the temperature dial to MIN
and disconnect the iron from the power outlet.
■ Let the iron cool down and empty the water
tank to prevent the built-up of residue in the
water tank.
■
‌‌
‌
‌
✽tilted:
기울어진, 경사진
✽✽residue:
The camp is for teenagers aged 13 –18 who
want to learn about art and create art projects.
General Information
The camp will be at Nigra Arts Center.
■ Participants can choose to stay overnight at
the camp or attend just for the day.
■ The overnight accommodations will be in
local supervised apartments.
■
‌
‌
‌
Classes and Workshops
Participants will take two classes per day in
disciplines such as:
■ Drawing and painting ■ Creative writing
■ Printmaking
■ Wood art
■‌
■ Gourmet cooking
Bookbinding
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
‌
Dates
Overnight: August 15-20, 2022
■ Day Only: August 16-20, 2022
■
‌
‌
Price
Overnight: $1,350 — includes room and board
■ Day Only (9 a.m. to 3 p.m.): $600 — except
for lunch, no meals are provided.
※ On the last day, an exhibition of the art
created by the participants will open to
family and friends.
※ For more information visit the Nigra Arts
Center site (www.nigraarts.org).
■
‌
‌
‌
‌
잔여물, 잔류물
✽gourmet:
① 정제수로 물탱크를 채우는 것이 좋다.
② 전원을 연결하면 충전대의 파란색 불이 켜진다.
① 13세 미만은 누구나 참가할 수 있다.
③ 가열되는 중에는 손잡이에 있는 표시등에 빨간색이
② 참가자는 하루에 세 개의 수업을 들을 수 있다.
‌
나타난다.
④ 사용할 수 있을 만큼 충분히 가열되면 가열 기호가 녹색으로
‌
바뀐다.
미식가의
③ 숙박과 비숙박 프로그램의 캠프 시작일이 같다.
④ 비숙박 참가자에게도 아침과 저녁 식사가 제공된다.
⑤ 마지막 날 참가자 가족이 작품 전시회를 볼 수 있다.
‌
⑤ 사용 후에는 물탱크에 약간의 물을 남겨 두어야 한다.
158
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29
22053-0304
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Dreaming, in fact, is our mind’s way of dealing
with issues that ① preoccupy our attention in
waking life. The body sleeps but the mind does not,
and it is through dreaming that our mind brings us
greater self-awareness and ② directs our focus to
those areas of our lives that need attention. Dreams
also reflect our hopes and desires, as well as our
fears, insecurities, and weaknesses. ③ Being in
tune with our dreams makes us more creative and
provides an ability to see situations in a new light.
Our dreams provide roadmaps of the direction
our lives should be going in and call to task those
actions we should not be ④ taking. You could say
that our dreams are our conscience and our advisor,
and it is when we listen to the messages of our
dreams ⑤ where we begin to live a happier and
more fulfilled life.
30
22053-0305
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은
것은?
Many predators use speed as a way of hunting
their prey, though the acceleration of a predator
is often more important than its top speed to
its success in hunting. The critical factor to the
outcome of a hunting chase is ① distance between
predator and prey at the time the chase begins. If
the predator manages to get ② close enough to
its prey, it will have enough time to accelerate to
a speed that is higher than the prey. If the chase
begins with the predator too far from the prey, the
predator will not be able to ③ sustain its speed to
catch it. This is of course if the predator and prey
engage in a ④ straight chase, which is often not the
case; swerving and turning usually contribute to
the success or failure of the prey’s efforts to escape.
Interestingly enough, very fast animals that depend
on high speed to catch a prey animal often also
depend on very slow speeds for their success as
they try to position themselves to ⑤ widen the gap
between themselves and their prey. They do this
by stealth, and to be stealthy an animal needs to be
slow and silent.
✽swerve:
방향을 바꾸다
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[31 ~ 34] 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
32
31
As soon as we spot a thesis or hypothesis, we
immediately search around for an example which
refutes the thesis. According to Sir Karl Popper, the
sole function of a hypothesis is to invite refutation
because from the refutation will arise a better
hypothesis. Clearly a single refutation will destroy
the certainty of a hypothesis. A claim that all swans
are white will be refuted by the first spotting of a
black swan whereas to prove the hypothesis you
would have to examine every single swan. There
is a grave danger in this attitude. It excludes the
provocative hypothesis, the function of which
is to stimulate further exploration from which a
better hypothesis will emerge. It also restricts us to
absolute hypotheses rather than statistical ones and
in some fields this can hold up progress. What we
require from a hypothesis is
.
Related to
is territoriality.
Human territoriality can be viewed as a strategy to
control resources and people by controlling area.
The desire to expand the territory under control
in order to gain resources and opportunities is
constrained by the time and energy required, as
well as by the risks from exposure to predators
and enemies. It is suggestive that the mean area of
the territory of long-established Greek villages is
about 20 square kilometres. This corresponds to
a radius of about two and a half kilometres, or an
hour’s walk to get from the centre to the periphery
and back again. No cities built before about 1800
were larger than this. Only as successive transport
innovations were introduced — horse-drawn trams,
electric trams, buses, trains, underground trains,
cars — did the effective radius of urban settlements
increase, in proportion to the speed of transport.
✽periphery:
주변(부)
[3점]
22053-0306
22053-0307
✽provocative:
도발적인
① an initial test of precision
② a usable scan of predictions
① bond
③ a public display of intelligence
② mobility
④ a total exclusion of biased opinions
③ diversity
⑤ a simple demonstration of existing theories
④ distribution
⑤ independence
160
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33
22053-0308
Stress is complicated and depends on factors
both inside and outside the individual. Stress is a
problem for us all. It represents one of the more
easily demonstrable cases of a link between the
body and the mind, and as such it is something
that a professional health psychologist needs to
be able to do something about. In some ways, as
we learn more about stress, combating it becomes
more difficult. Not only does it become more
complicated, but also the nature of stress changes
as the world keeps on changing. A consequence
of the modern world is higher levels of perceived
stress. With every time-saving device comes a
new stressor. Computers are great because they
do things quickly, but we rant and rave when they
crash. Mobile telephones can save lives, time and
trouble, but also create stress if we are worried that
they might cause ill-health, or when we would rather
be out of the reach of others in order to have time
to ourselves. We keep on
.
We are, therefore, unlikely to eliminate stress for
good. [3점]
고함치다
✽✽rave:
22053-0309
Seniors are becoming a demographic and
economic fashion consumer group who
. Many
of today’s seniors (defined as consumers older
than 50 years) are wealthier, healthier, and more
concerned with their appearance. They remain
socially active and look for fashionable clothes.
They also pay close attention to their looks and use
fashion products to maintain an image of youth. By
staying up-to-date, they can establish and maintain
a younger image of themselves; they use fashion
apparel and accessories to communicate that they
are still “in.” Fashion managers thus have come
to realize that reaching a certain age does not
mean that people stop being interested in fashion.
Because seniors are still eager to wear fashionable
apparel, the market has become more and more
compelling for fashion companies, especially
considering the size of the senior market, its
continued growth, and the high level of disposable
income of these customers. [3점]
✽demographic:
인구 통계학(상)의
✽✽apparel:
의류
소리 지르다
① are aware of the downsides of the fashion
‌
✽rant:
34
③ overlooking the benefits of utilizing technology
④ ignoring the clear warning signals from our body
‌
⑤ regarding stress as just a part of our everyday
‌
‌
routine
‌
② focusing only on ways to release stress
industry
② make informed decisions when purchasing
fashion items
③ perform a major role in the expansion of the
fashion market
④ emphasize aesthetic attributes of clothing as well
as functional ones
⑤ are more inclined towards brand loyalty rather
than trendy designs
‌
① finding new ways to become stressed
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다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
것을 고르시오.
36
22053-0311
Perhaps the biggest advantage of the
maximum vs. typical performance distinction
is that it enables us to account for the familiar
cases of underachievement.
(A) T h e y a r e t a l e n t e d e n o u g h t o b e c o m e
professionals, and even break into the top 100
of their sport’s world rankings. Furthermore,
they are often talented enough to beat athletes
in the top 10, as well as occasionally record
wins against the number 1 player.
(B) Yet their inability to repeat this often, and
their tendency to show much poorer levels of
performance in a typical tournament, turn them
into a case of wasted talent. By the same token,
in any field of achievement there are people
who fail to live up to their expectations because
their maximum performance isn’t displayed
frequently enough.
(C) When the best a person can produce is
impressive, to the point of putting them in
the top 5 or 10 per cent in a group, there is no
questioning the person’s talent. However, if
such levels of performance are rarely replicated,
then we can safely assume that the person is
underperforming. Many great athletes fall into
this category.
‌
A common imperative shared by urban history
museums is relevance to their contemporary city
and its people as well as to visitors from afar.
Sydney is one of the most recognizable cities in
the world, the subject of considerable international
and national focus in the past ten years. ① For
those overseas, Sydney often represents a
cardboard cutout of utopian life: harbor, beaches,
lush gardens, sunny climate, and carefree people.
② This image is relayed via tourism campaigns,
soap operas, and other sorts of distorted cultural
products. ③ Responsible travel marketing
campaigns are on the rise, encouraging travelers to
be more responsible in their behavior and protect
the destinations they are visiting. ④ For those
who live in Australia and indeed in Sydney, the
reality, of course, is somewhat different. ⑤ As the
Museum of Sydney (MOS), there is an expectation
to encapsulate the broader history: to meet
international expectations with a focus on landmark
places and events, without losing sight of the need
to remain relevant to the city’s own citizens.
[36~37] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한
‌
22053-0310
‌
35
✽imperative:
책무, 의무
✽✽lush:
무성한, 우거진
요약하다
① (A)-(C)-(B)
② (B)-(A)-(C)
③ (B)-(C)-(A)
④ (C)-(A)-(B)
✽✽✽encapsulate:
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
162
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37
22053-0312
David O’Brien pointed out that familiarity
by itself does not lead to correct inferences.
Different domains present different implications
and assumptions.
‌
(A) We would not necessarily think the physician
a liar if the patient did not take the drug and
her pain went away nonetheless. Organisms
have self-healing properties. Automobiles, on
the other hand, are not generally taken to be
self-healing.
‌
(B) The medical and mechanical diagnosis
domains, for example, provide a forum for
considering logical arguments of the same form
that are usually interpreted differently. Suppose
a patient is told by a physician that her pain is
caused by inflammation and if a particular drug
is taken to reduce the inflammation then the
pain will go away.
‌
(C) For example, a mechanic tells you that your car
is overheating and if the thermostat is replaced
the overheating problem will stop. If the
thermostat is not replaced and the overheating
problem stops anyway, you might be suspicious
of the diagnostic abilities of the mechanic. [3점]
③ (B)-(C)-(A)
① (A)-(C)-(B)
✽inflammation:
염증
✽✽thermostat:
[38~39] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장
적절한 곳을 고르시오.
38
22053-0313
Musicians from the traditional entertainment
establishments followed the film across to the
new premises, taking with them many of their
old musical habits.
Films began by being short, exotic features in
the mixed programmes of the theatres and variety
theatres. Gradually, however, the film strips became
longer and longer. ( ① ) Films broke out of their
traditional framework and eventually became an
independent form of entertainment, which gradually
became too big for the traditional entertainment
venues. ( ② ) The first real cinemas appeared in
Europe at the end of the nineteenth century and in
the United States at the turn of the twentieth. ( ③ )
Many were housed in shop premises and converted
theatres, but the first major wave of newly built
cinemas started around 1905. ( ④ ) For example,
community singing was normally included in the
performances, just as in the old vaudeville theatres.
( ⑤ ) The lyrics of the songs were shown as slides
on the screen.
✽premises:
건물, 부지
온도 조절 장치
② (B)-(A)-(C)
④ (C)-(A)-(B)
⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
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경계, 조심
The tendency for people to do the logical thing
with emotions or thoughts (to try to get rid of
the “bad” ones and cling to the “good” ones) is
unwise. Trying to subtract reactions is unhelpful
because there is no delete button in the human
nervous system — no psychological process called
“unlearning.” You can add to a learning history,
but you cannot subtract from it. Even things that
are forgotten can be relearned again more readily
because the organism is changed permanently in
some ways by the initial learning experience. If
you try to get rid of your painful memories, the
memories remain, but as a result of your efforts
there are now new avenues leading to them, and
more moments connected to them. That is why
a suppressed thought increases in frequency
as distractors soon function as reminders. The
memory and the pain it contains will be more,
not less, impactful. And trying to cling to positive
relations can be unwise if the effort to do so makes
one insensitive to changes in the internal and
external environments.

(A)
Trying to remove painful memories
adverse effects because those memories remain,
(B)
now with more ways for the brain to
them.
(A)
① obscures
② creates
③ complicates
④ suppresses
⑤ worsens
164
……
✽vigilance:
다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에
들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
……
In some parts of the literature, distrust, in
contrast to trust, is defined as rationally based
expectations and a form of social control. ( ① )
Based on the definition of Roy Lewicki and
other researchers, and contrary to a rational
explanation, we understand relational distrust
as a social construct that is equally intuitive
and interdependent as relational trust. ( ② ) To
be precise, relational trust is better understood
as a social bonding mechanism that reduces
vigilance and the awareness of potential risks in
this relationship through an induced optimism.
( ③ ) Relational distrust is a mechanism that
divides people by inducing skepticism and
vigilance towards each other. ( ④ ) This might
lead to a higher reflection of the other side but
not necessarily to rational behavior. ( ⑤ ) For
instance, a professional business relationship might
be successful when both parties involved perceive
a level of distrust and therefore introduce careful
negotiations about mutual expectations. [3점]
22053-0315
……
According to Niklas Luhmann, distrust has a
function similar to trust because it also creates
order and reduces complexity but with a higher
effort of control.
40
……
22053-0314
……
39
(B)
forget
access
alter
restore
weaken
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[41 ~ 42] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
41
Citizenship is ripe for closer examination.
Globalization, increased mobility, and growing
anti-immigration politics highlight the fact that
although most people in the world have citizenship
someplace, there are vastly unequal entitlements
attached to citizenship in particular countries.
The universalized sense in which the word is
used in political discourse in the United States
(a) masks the obvious fact that not everyone has US
citizenship and that most of the world is excluded
from it. To the extent an implication of equality
holds fast within the citizenry, it clearly does not
apply to those outside the fold. In more sedentary,
state-oriented times, it was easy to (b) ignore those
who were excluded from the citizenry because their
citizenship was held in other, distinct communities
largely out of view. Those communities were
(c) different enough that one could keep them at
arm’s length, a part of the natural order of things.
The result has been a global kind of separate but
equal.
That mindset is more difficult to sustain as
윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
national identities blur and distances are eclipsed.
Citizenship still has its virtues. But as it more
obviously (d) erases the boundary of human
community, citizenship is a tool of exclusion as
well as inclusion. Citizenship has been a badge
of equality. It may be turning into a badge of
(e) privilege. As citizenship is increasingly situated
in a global context in which some have a “good”
one and some do not, it is important to explore its
meanings and mechanics.
✽citizenry:
✽✽sedentary:
22053-0316
① Citizen Power Makes Democracy Work
② Weighing the Pros and Cons of Dual Citizenship
‌
③ The Dilemma of Our Times: Equality vs. Fairness
‌
④ Does Global Citizenship Education for Social
‌
Justice Work?
⑤ Rethinking Citizenship: Highlighting Its
Double-Sidedness
42
22053-0317
밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은
것은? [3점]
① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
⑤ (e)
(집합적으로) 시민
정주적인, 한 곳에 머물러 사는
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(A)
When Surapati was in his second year in college,
he was invited to the wedding of the sister of
his friend Gautam. It later proved to be the most
memorable evening in the history of Surapati’s
training as a magician, for that day he met Tripura
Babu for the first time. A huge shamiana stood
behind a house in Swinhoe Street. Tripura Babu sat
under it, surrounded by a group of other wedding
guests. At first glance, (a) he seemed quite ordinary.
But a closer look at what was happening on the
mattress in front of him was enough for one’s
judgement to undergo a quick change.
다 허물어져 가는
(행사용의) 대형 천막
22053-0318
주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장
적절한 것은?
② (C)-(B)-(D)
③ (C)-(D)-(B)
④ (D)-(B)-(C)
① (B)-(D)-(C)
⑤ (D)-(C)-(B)
44
22053-0319
밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?
① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
45
⑤ (e)
22053-0320
윗글에 관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?
‌
① 대학 2 학년 때 Surapati 는 친구 가족의 결혼식에 초대
받았다.
‌
② Tripura Babu는 Surapati에게 저렴한 비용에 마술을 가
르쳐 주기로 했다.
③ Tripura Babu는 자신의 마술에 대한 Surapati의 관심에
‌
(C)
Surapati, at first, could not believe his own eyes.
A silver coin went rolling towards a golden ring
kept about a yard away. It stopped beside the
ring and then both came rolling back to Tripura
Babu. Surapati went to (c) him straight after
dinner. Tripura Babu seemed very surprised at
his interest. “I have never seen anyone interested
in learning magic. Most seem happy simply to
see a performance,” he said. Surapati went to
Tripura Babu’s house a couple of days later. It was,
actually, much less than a house.
43
놀란 것 같았다.
④ Tripura Babu는 공연마다 50루피를 청구했지만 많은 초
‌
(B)
Surapati spoke to his friends after this and
arranged a few shows. Tripura Babu agreed to teach
him (b) his art, possibly partly out of gratitude and
partly out of a genuine affection for the young man.
“I do not want any payment,” he said firmly. “I am
only glad that there will be someone to take things
forward after I’ve gone. But remember — you must
be patient. Nothing can be learnt in a hurry. I know
you will do much better in life than I have done, for
you have got what I haven’t: ambition.” In this way,
it was Surapati’s curiosity and ambition that laid
a foundation for him to become a great magician
later.
166
✽dilapidated:
청을 받지는 못했다.
⑤ Surapati는 Tripura Babu가 열정이 부족하다는 것을
‌
✽shamiana:
(D)
Tripura Babu lived in a small room in an old
and dilapidated boarding-house. Poverty stared
out of every corner. Tripura Babu told him how
(d) he tried to make a living out of his magic shows.
He charged fifty rupees per show, but did not get
too many invitations. The main reason for this,
Surapati soon discovered, was Tripura Babu’s own
lack of enthusiasm. Surapati could not imagine
how anyone so talented could be so totally devoid
of ambition. When (e) he mentioned this, Tripura
Babu said with a sigh, “What would be the use of
trying to do more shows?”
[43 ~ 45] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
알게 되었다.
EBS 수능완성 영어
080~168_수능완성(영어)본문실전-8.indd 166
2022-05-10 오후 7:20:52
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