Phenazopyridine- UTIS but only for pain not treatment. Sulfamethoxazole & Sulfamethoxazole with Trimethoprim: N/V/D, kidney damage: crystalluria, hematological effects. TB DRUGS Trimethoprim - lower UTIS, N/V/D, hematological effects, kidney damage: crystalluria Rifampin- discolors body fluids, give over 3 hours FUNGAL Amphotericin B- systemic fungal infections, IV only cannon AE: hypokalemia**, hypomagnesemia, hypochloremia, & hypocalcemia SS: fever, chills headache, rigors, nausea, headache. Iv interaction Nystatin: candidiasis only preferred Fluconazole: PT: treat candidiasis and cryptococcal Miconazole: over the counter vaginal ANTI- organ rejection Interferon Alfa-2a : PD: inhibits tumor growth cells. Pt: hairy cell leukemia, Kaposi sarcoma, chronic hepatitis. CHEMO DRUGS Cyclosporine PD: suppress immune function, B and t Cells. AE: nephrotoxicity**, hepatoxicity, Max TE: start soon after transplantation. Cyclophosphamide: PD: DNA breakage = no replication of DNA= cell death Oral: be sure drug is excreted during the day… *adequate hydration *2 liters daily. Tamoxifen (nolvadex): PD: blocks estrogen receptors in breasts PT: breast cancer AE: changes in endometrial lining. BB: *risk of thrombolytic events Rituximab (rituxan): Pd: Tumor lysis syndrome means its working . Watch for fatal electrolyte disturbance & renal failure if not monitored & treated, *special warning* Careful iv admin: due to high incidence allergic/anaphylactic reactions, generally on 1st dose - Don’t use with vaccines.* Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)- **MOST TOXIC OF All VESICANTS. Prototype: 5-flourouricil (5-FU) - PD: act during S phase- effective against high growth tumors - Interferes with DNA synthesis, crosses BBB - Special AE: photosensitivity. Prototype: etoposide (VP-16) PD: Act in premitotic G2 & S phases, inhibits topoisomerase a DNA enzyme breaking DNA strands = cells Vincristine (Oncovin): M phase, Binds to micro-tubual proteins which form mitotic spindle in cell division; arrests mitosis = cell death. Unit 17 & 18 CNS/PNS Anticonvulsants: Know general information (key points slides) & Focus drugs: phenytoin (Dilantin), phenobarbital (Luminal), valproic acid (Depakote), carbemazipime (Tegretol), lorazepam (Ativan) & diazepam (Valium) - 5 Benzodiazepines- General information on Benzodiazepines and *Know as a family, all *usages, antidote for, and information for their use in seizures. *Read over the short ppt in Bb on “Benzodiazepines” to support the content in the anticonvulsant ppt & to understand this family/*the Many uses (indications). Read about withdraw (abstinence) syndrome. lorazepam & diazepam - 2 Movement disorders: Multiple Sclerosis: glatiramer (Copoxone) - 1 Movement disorders: Parkinson’s: (levadopa, levadopa-carbidopa, etancapone, benztropine, selegiline) 2-3 Anesthesia: propofol & isoflurane; neuro-muscular blockers: succinylcholine, tubocurarine & *vecuronium, *antidote below- 4 Muscle Relaxers: cyclobenzaprine - 1 Anti-Spasmolytics: (peripheral & central) baclofen & dantrolene- 2 PNS Drugs (voiced ppt material): Cholinergic Agonists, & Anti-cholinesterase drugs produce the same type of cholinergic effects in a different mechanism of action, understand how the families work/their uses and the following focus drugs: Cholinergic agonists: *pilocarpine (*two types) & bethanechol -1 Anti-cholinesterace drugs: *physostigmine, pyridostigmine, donepezil -1 Anticholinergic drugs: (These have opposite effects of the cholinergic agonists & anticholinesterace drugs above). Understand the effects of the family/uses and the following focus drugs: atropine & benztropine -2 -Which are the antidotes (opposite effect) for the drug causing toxicity or poisoning?
