Psych212 Week1
5/5/2016 1:34:00 AM
History of Educational Psychology
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William James
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<Principles of Psychology>  1st psychology book
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give lectures called Talks to Teachers – applications of psychology to educating children
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oppose lab experiments and argue for the importance of observing teaching and learning
in classrooms for improving education
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*Start lessons at a point just beyond student’s level of understanding to stretch their
minds
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Sir Francis Galton
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Eugenics (good genes)
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Measure intelligence through reaction time
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o
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Humans should have selective breeding
Faster reaction time = more intelligent
Introduced correlation and regression methods
John Dewey
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Established 1st educational psychology laboratory in the US – university of Chicago (1894)
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Functional psychology
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Education as social experience
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Learning as active process
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Opposed to passively learning, believed children learn best by doing
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*children should learn how to be reflective problem solvers
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not only academics, but also think and adapt to a world outside of school
o
Students needs to be interested and needs to have a choice of what they are learning
o
One of the first to push for equal education: Girls & Boys, different socioeconomic and ethnic
groups
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E.L. Thorndike
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Emphasize on assessment and measurement and promoted the scientific underpinnings of learning
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*Educational psychology must have a scientific base and that it should focus strongly on
measurement
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o
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Excelled at doing exacting scientific studies of teaching and learning
Thinks One of schooling’s most important tasks is to sharpen children’s reasoning skills
Stanley Hall
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1st American to earn a PhD in psychology at Harvard
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1982 – first president of the American Psychological Association
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o
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student of W. James
contributed to growth of the field
Gender Stereotypes: by separating boys and girls, it will provide the best education
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Boys for education, and girls on household things
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Wants society to have structure
Albert Binet
o
Applied experimental method to educational psychology
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Brought formal assessment to education
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Asked to develop a test that will identify whether student will succeed in education or not
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The first IQ test
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1903: “L’Etude experimentale de I’intelligence”
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1904: Appointed the Minister of Public Education
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WWI – demand for a systematic method of evaluating the intellectual and emotional functioning of soldiers
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Early Women Rights movements in US and Canada
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Immigration: Diversity of languages, skills, values, cultures, beliefs
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Feminist Voices: Katherine Banham (1897-1995)
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Born UK, 1923 moved to Canada
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1934 University of Montreal – 1st women to have PhD
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1946 Duke university – 1st female psychologist in psychology department
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Inspired by W. James & A. Binet
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Emotional development, infancy
Concerns of Beginning Teachers
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Student’s needs:
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Classroom discipline
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Student’s motivation
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Parental demands
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Accommodating different needs
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Support diversity
Teacher’s needs:
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Student’s compliance
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Time management
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Fitting in with colleagues
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Professional growth
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Meeting expectations
Scientific Study of Teaching and Learning
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Aspects of human development
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Diversity and Inclusion
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Emotions, motivation, mental health
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Assessment
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Applications of research
Research Process & Teaching
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The science of educational psychology seeks to sort fact from fancy by using particular research
methodologies for obtaining information
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The art of educational psychology lies in translating evidence – based information into viable and effective
classroom practice
Canadian Classroom
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Canadian classrooms are becoming increasingly diverse
o
Abilities/Disabilities
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4/20 students have mental problem
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10+/80
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in a class of these, you will have this amount of student that have mental
problem
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Cultural, ethnical and religious diversity
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Religious backgrounds
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Support level (financial, parental and community)
Why Research
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Educational Psychology is a Science
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The need for data-driven decisions
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Data-literacy is becoming a training requirement
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Evidence based practices in education
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Examples:
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Homework: is homework helpful
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Homework helps student do better
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ADHD have a hard time concentrating, and have a hard time doing homework
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Skipping/repeating grades: benefits/risks
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Emotional concerns because they are much younger in developmental than peers
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How and when should students get help
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Inclusive Education: planning and instruction
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Use of technology: what technological advances can be used for education
Types of Research
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Qualitative - when you are trying to describe a phenomenon, so you want in-depth understanding. (usually
don’t use heavy math model to analyze)
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Ethnography
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Ex. Studying aboriginal, go to somewhere faced with aboriginal culture, but not really
collecting data or measuring, more heavily on talking with the people and describe it
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Case study/focus group
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Used to be very popular method
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Phenomenology
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Grounded Theory
Quantitative (guaranteed some statistic measures involved)
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Descriptive
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Quasi-Experimental
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Comparing experimental groups
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Ex. group of boys and group of girls
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You can’t really control
Experimental
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Collect data, then publish the statistics
When you can control which subject goes to which group
Program Evaluation
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Evaluating something
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Methodology – Mixed (most research would be mixed)
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Descriptive Studies (surveys, observations)
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Correlational Studies
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Experimental Studies
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Longitudinal (same group long time)
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Cross-sectional
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Action (systematic observation of methods)
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Single-Subject Studies (ABAB)
05.05.2016 1:34:00
05.05.2016 1:34:00