CARBON AND ITS
COMPOND
ANANYA YADAV
CARBON
◦ P;-6
◦ E;-6
◦ N;-6
◦ Electronic configuration;(2,4)
◦ Valency-4
◦ Hence, carbon is an
tetravalent
Imporatance of carbon
1.It is main element present in all living organisms
2.Mostly fuel are made with carbon
3.Other organic substances like carbohydrates , proteins
,alcohol , proteins , fats etc contain carbon
4. Plastic also contains carbon
Bonds
Ionic bond
◦Covalent bond
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Covalent bond
--Bond in which sharing of electrons takes place is known AS COVALENT
BOND
-Covalent bond as three types;1. Single bond
2. Double bond
3. Triple bond
SINGLE bond
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This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BYSA
This Photo by Unknown Author is
licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
Structure of
methane
• Covalent bounded
molecules are senn to
have strong bonds within
the molecule.
• But low melting and
boliling point because of
weak inter molecular
forces.
• Covalent compunds are
usually poor conductors
of electricity.
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Property of carbon.
•
•
•
•
Tetracovalency
Catenaions
Polymerisation
Isomerism
Tetracovalency
◦ Carbon have 4 valency that is it’s electronic
configuration is (2,4) .
◦ This property means that carbon can only share the
electrons that means carbon can’t perforn ionic bond .
◦ It’s because carbon and become C4- but the it is difficult
for nucleus to hold 6 protons and 10 electrons.
◦ In case of losing electron carbon atom find difficult to
transfer electron as it need large amount of energy .
Catenation
◦ Property of bonding between atoms of same
element for a long chain , branch , ring structure.
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Polymerisation
◦ The chemical process in which several monomers
combine to form polymers or polymeric compound.
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Isomerism
◦ Compounds which has same molecular formula but
different structure is called isomers.
◦ And this property is known as isomerism
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Allotropes of carbon
◦ Different forms of element which have same chemical
properties but different physical properties are known
as allotropes
◦ Allotropes of carbon are diamond , graphite ,
fullerene.
Diamond is a allotrope of
carbon.Although it is made by covalent
bond but it is strongest substance of
nature and it has high melting point
and it is also bad conductor of
electricity. Diamond is used for
making jewellery and also for cutting
and drilling tools.
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licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
1.Diamond
◦ Graphite is made with weak van der wall forces. It is
bounded with other three carbon atom to form a
hexagonal rings
◦ Graphite is a good conductor of heat and electricity
and it is slipery.
◦ Graphite is used as dry lubricant in machine parts and
as leads of pencil.
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2.Graphite
• Fullerene is another allotropes of carbon.
It has C-60 atoms
Fullerene
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licensed under CC BY-NC