PHYSICAL EDUC1: UNDERSTANDING THE
BODY (Prof. Joe Mar Capulot)
PHYSICAL EDUCATION (module 1)
⦁ Physical Education - "education through the
physical"
⦁ aims to develop students' physical competence
and knowledge of movement and safety
⦁ latin word “physica”-physics
“education”-train of bodily organs and
power with the view to promotion health and
vigor
⦁ Example: running, jogging, playing ball
⦁ Five Dimentions of health
- social
- intellectual
- physical
- spiritual
- emotional
⦁ Article 14, section 19 of the 1987 constitution
of the RA of the Philippines state that:
- shall promote physical education and
encourage sports programs
⦁ Objectives of physical education
1. Physical Development- develop and maintain a
high level of physical fitness.
2. Social Development- development of desirable
social traits
3. Emotional Development- offer opportunities
for self-expression and emotional mastery
example: self-confidence, self-control, selfreliance, courage, determination
4. Mental Development- it develops his mental
capacities
5. Spiritual Development-development of inner
self and soul
CONCEPT OF UNDERSTANDING THE BODY
THROUGH PHYSICAL FITNESS (module 2)
⦁ Physical Fitness- to the human body what finetuning is to an engine.
- It can be described as a condition that helps us
look, feel and do our best.
-it involves the performance of heart, lungs and
muscles of the body
- state of physical well-being
⦁ Skill Related Fitness- are movements that are
necessary for an individual to successfully
demonstrate a variety of motor skills and
movement patterns
⦁ Skill Related Components
1. Balance- ability to maintain our centre of mass
over base of support
2. Coordination- smooth flow of movement in the
execution
3. Reaction Time- time taken to react to an
environmental stimulus
4. Agility- ability to quickly and precisely move
without losing balance
5. Speed- ability to move quickly across the
ground
6. Power- ability to produce force quickly
⦁ Health-related Fitness- multidimensional
construct containing the components:
1. Cardiorespiratory Endurance-Our ability to
perform an activity, with our heart rate elevated,
for a certain amount of time.
2. Muscular Strength- Our ability to exert force
during an activity.
3. Flexibility/Mobility- The range of motion
around our joints.
4. Muscular Endurance- The ability of our
muscles to continue to perform an activity
without fatiguing.
5. Body Composition-The amount of body fat,
muscle, bone and other tissues that make up our
blood
⦁ Benefits of Exercise
- improve your mental health
- help control your weight
- strengthen your bones and muscles
- reduce your risk of heart disease
BASIC BODY POSITION (module 3)
⦁ Body Position- It can be defined as a pose or
movement that can be broken down into a series
of specific kinetic movements conveying certain
personal and/or social meanings.
⦁ Other term to describe body position
In sport: Stance, Carriage, station, deportment,
position
In dance: Posture, poise, bearing, pose, posture
⦁ Basic Body Position
- kneeling
- leaning
- lying
- squatting
- slouching
- sitting
- crouching
- standing
⦁ Standing - orthostatic
- position and supported only by feet
⦁ Kneeling - one/both knees touch the ground
- Kneeling when only composed of
one knee, and not both, is called genuflection
⦁ Sitting - action and resting position in which
the body weight is supported
- bony ischial tuberosities with the
buttocks in contact with the ground or a
horizontal surface
⦁ Lying - body is more or less horizontal and
supported along its length by the surface
underneath
TYPES OF MOVEMENT (module 4)
⦁ Movement- change in the position of a body
part with respect to the whole body
- ex: eyes blinking, breathing, eating
⦁ Types of Movement
⦁ Locomotor- movement is a type of movement
in which the body travels through space from
one location to another location.
⦁ Basic Locomotor movement: walk, jump, leap,
skip, slide, crab walk, run, gallop, hop, pencil roll
⦁ Non Locomotor- movement also called an axial
movement, is anchored movement that takes
place about the body's axis or the spine.
⦁ Basic Non Locomotor movement: balance,
bend, curl, pull, push, stretch, sway, swing, turn,
twist
CONDITIONING EXERCISES FOR THE BODY
(module 5)
⦁ Body Conditioning- exercises target your whole
body, using lots of different muscles to
strengthen, shape, and tone your body.
- They may combine several
types of exercise, such as flexibility, strength, and
resistance training.
⦁ Extremities - farthest or most remote part,
section, or point the island's westernmost
extremity
⦁ Upper Extremities - or arm is a functional unit
of the upper body. It consists of three sections,
the upper arm, forearm, and hand.
⦁ Lower Extremities - part of the body from the
hip to the toes