Seismic data provide a “time picture” of subsurface structure. For accurate structural analysis, an effort should be made to convert the time data to depth. There are three types of seismic data: Reflection (including 2-D and 3-D) Shear wave Refraction 2-D reflection seismic data provide cross-sectional views in both the dip and strike directions. Data on the lines are a mixture of both in-plane and out-of-plane reflectors. 2-D reflection seismic data are most important in the earlier stages of an exploration program, especially in frontier basins. 3-D reflection seismic data provide resolved cross-sectional views along any azimuth within the survey area. Time “slices” (maps) on any horizon can also be generated. The nature and location of out-of-plane features can be more accurately determined. Because of the high acquisition costs, 3-D seismic techniques normally are used only to more accurately define individual prospects. Shear wave data, in combination with conventional compressional wave data, can provide information on lithology, fractures, and the presence of hydrocarbons. Refraction seismic data provide a deep crustal view of gross structure (basin scale to lithosphereupper mantle scale), which is useful when trying to understand regional tectonics. How to use it https://wiki.aapg.org/Seismic_data https://in.mathworks.com/help/wavelet/ug/time-frequency-gallery.html https://www.earthinversion.com/utilities/concatenating-daily-seismic-traces-and-plot-spectrogram/
