Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 1) Kareem is completing a project about drug addiction as part of his requirements to be a scout. Part of the project involves learning about the neurons that make up the human nervous system. Which does Kareem learn about neurons? Specialized nerves, called neurons, relay pleasure and pain sensations. Specialized cells, called neurons, receive and transmit impulses. Neurons are cells that look like most other cells of the body. Neurons are tissues in the body that carry electrical messages. Correct Answer Specialized cells, called neurons, receive and transmit impulses. 2) Beth volunteers at the vision center of a local hospital. As part of the orientation process, Beth learns how different structures of the eye function. Which does she learn? The pupil focuses incoming light and images onto the lens of the eye. Light-sensitive cells, called rods, provide information about colors. The eye lens captures an image of light and sends it to the brain. Cones and rods in the retina collect information from incoming light. Correct Answer Light-sensitive cells, called rods, provide information about colors. Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 1/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 3) Place the labels on the correct structures of the neuron. Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 2/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system Axon Cell body Nucleus Dendrite Axon endings Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 3/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system Correct Answer Axon Cell body Axon endings Nucleus Dendrite 4) Which is the correct path that a nerve impulse will follow in a reflex arc? motor neuron → sensory neuron → interneuron sensory neuron → interneuron → motor neuron motor neuron → interneuron → sensory neuron interneuron → motor neuron → sensory neuron Correct Answer sensory neuron → interneuron → motor neuron Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 4/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 5) Which is the result of the actions of the sodium-potassium pump? positive charge inside a neuron no charge outside the neuron negative charge inside a neuron no charge inside the neuron Correct Answer negative charge inside a neuron 6) Why is myelin important in sensing different kinds of pain? decreases speed of nerve impulses increases speed of nerve impulses prevents all nerve impulses prevents nerve impulses from jumping between nodes Correct Answer increases speed of nerve impulses 7) Which of the following descriptions is correct regarding synapses? action potential causes dendrite release action potential causes neurotransmitter release synapse travels through a neurotransmitter muscle contraction produces neurotransmitters Correct Answer action potential causes neurotransmitter release Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 5/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 8) What are the gaps on the myelin sheath called? cell bodies axons thresholds nodes Correct Answer nodes 9) What happens when an action potential is produced with a signal that is stronger than threshold? weaker action potential generated action potential has same strength as threshold no action potential generated stronger action potential generated Correct Answer action potential has same strength as threshold 10) What would be the hypothetical result if a person lacked motor neurons? would be unable to breath would be unable to feel a hot plate would be unable to swing hammer would be unable to feel a deep cut Correct Answer would be unable to swing hammer Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 6/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 11) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices. A(n) carries nerve impulses from the cell body to other neurons and (Blank 1) muscles. Blank 1 options axon dendrite nucleus Correct Answer axon Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 7/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 12) Place the labels on the correct structure of the nervous system. Cerebrum Cerebellum Spinal nerves Spinal cord Vertebra Correct Answer Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 8/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system Cerebrum Cerebellum Spinal cord Spinal nerves Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 9/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 13) Categorize the following descriptions as either the somatic nervous system or the autonomic nervous system. NOTE: Some answers may be used in both the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. Somatic nervous system Autonomic nervous system Answer Bank Peripheral nervous system Typically involuntary Typically voluntary Communicates sensory information to the brain and instructions from the brain to the skeletal muscles Carries impulses from the brain to the internal organs and glands Correct Answer Somatic nervous system Peripheral nervous system Typically voluntary Communicates sensory information to the brain and instructions from the brain to the skeletal muscles Autonomic nervous system Peripheral nervous system Typically involuntary Carries impulses from the brain to the internal organs and glands Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 10/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 14) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices. The nervous system is most active in times of (Blank 1) emergency or stress, when the heart rate and breathing rate increase. The nervous system is most active when the body is (Blank 2) relaxed. Blank 1 options somatic autonomic sympathetic parasympathetic Blank 2 options somatic autonomic sympathetic parasympathetic Correct Answer sympathetic parasympathetic 15) The __ nervous system carries impulses from the central nervous system to the heart and other organs. autonomic cerebral somatic muscular Correct Answer autonomic Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 11/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 16) What is the large brain structure just below the skull? pons medulla oblongata hypothalamus cerebrum Correct Answer cerebrum 17) What could cause a person with brain cancer to have lost balance and decreased coordination? cancer has damaged cerebellum cancer has damaged pons cancer has damaged hypothalamus cancer has damaged pons and hypothalamus Correct Answer cancer has damaged cerebellum Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 12/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 18) All reflex signals must go to the brain. True False Correct Answer False 19) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices. The regulates body temperature, thirst, appetite, and water (Blank 1) balance. Blank 1 options cerebrum cerebellum hypothalamus Correct Answer hypothalamus 20) __ are sensory receptors found on the human tongue. Choroids Taste buds Neurons Olfactory nerves Correct Answer Taste buds Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 13/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 21) Which part of the ear receives vibrations from the eardrum? cochlea oval window semicircular canals middle ear or malleus Correct Answer middle ear or malleus 22) Pain receptors are found in all body tissues except for those in the brain. True False Correct Answer True 23) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices. The is part of the inner ear. (Blank 1) Blank 1 options cochlea incus malleus Correct Answer cochlea Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 14/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 24) Which of these statements is not true regarding drugs that effect the nervous system? They can imitate a neurotransmitter. They can permanently replace neurotransmitters in the brain. They can prevent neurotransmitters from leaving a synapse. They can block a receptor site on a dendrite. Correct Answer They can permanently replace neurotransmitters in the brain. 25) Which of these would not be a factor in drug addiction? tolerance to a depressant normal dopamine level maintained during drug use increased dopamine level due to a drug decreased dopamine level after quitting Correct Answer normal dopamine level maintained during drug use 26) A(n) the body. is a natural or artificial substance that alters the function of Correct Answer Blank 1: drug Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 15/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 27) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices. Chemical fumes that influence the nervous system are called (Blank 1) . Blank 1 options inhalants stimulants Correct Answer inhalants 28) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices. Alcohol is an example of a . (Blank 1) Blank 1 options depressant stimulant Correct Answer depressant 29) Which would be the effect of a malfunctioning neurotransmitter? A nerve impulse would be stopped in the spinal column. An impulse could not cross the gap between neurons. A nerve impulse would be stopped in the brain. An impulse could not move along the axon of a neuron. Correct Answer An impulse could not cross the gap between neurons. Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 16/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 30) Which directly controls a person’s decision to use the bicep muscles to lift a barbell? parasympathetic nervous system somatic nervous system central nervous system autonomic nervous system Correct Answer somatic nervous system 31) Which is caused by the sympathetic nervous system? contracted bronchial muscle slowed heart rate dilated pupil increased intestinal secretions Correct Answer dilated pupil 32) Which is an immediate effect of nicotine? impaired judgment increased adrenaline levels constricted blood vessels increased alertness Correct Answer constricted blood vessels Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 17/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 33) Which is a stimulant? tea wine cocaine sugar Correct Answer tea 34) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices. The spinal column is part of a major division of the nervous system called the nervous system. (Blank 1) Blank 1 options somatic central autonomic peripheral Correct Answer central 35) The gap between a sensory neuron and an interneuron is called a(n) . Correct Answer Blank 1: synapse 36) A bundle of axons is called a(n) . Correct Answer Blank 1: nerve Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 18/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 37) Chemical receptors that detect the saltiness of potato chips are called . Correct Answer Blank 1: taste buds 38) The neurotransmitter that creates the pleasure feeling a sprinter experiences after winning an important race is called . Correct Answer Blank 1: dopamine 39) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices. Chemical fumes that affect the nervous system are called (Blank 1) . Blank 1 options alcohols amphetamines inhalants Correct Answer inhalants Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 19/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 40) Match the neuron structures labeled A–E to the correct term. A B C D nucleus axon endings cell body axon E dendrite Correct Answer A dendrite B nucleus C cell body D axon Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 20/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system E axon endings 41) In the inner ear, a snail-shaped structure called the __ is filled with fluid and lined with tiny hair cells. cochlea retina semicircular canals taste buds Correct Answer cochlea 42) Which of the following is another name for a nerve impulse? node action potential threshold reflex arc Correct Answer action potential 43) A __ is a substance, natural or artificial, that alters the function of the body. __ is a neurotransmitter found in the brain that is involved with the control of body movements and other functions. dopamine; drug drug; dopamine drug; stimulant drug; depressant Correct Answer drug; dopamine Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 21/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 44) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices. Indicate which division of the autonomic nervous system carries out the following functions. Function Division controls organs and is most active during emergencies or stress (Blank 1) controls organs and is most active when the body is at rest (Blank 2) Blank 1 options parasympathetic nervous system sympathetic nervous system Blank 2 options parasympathetic nervous system sympathetic nervous system Correct Answer sympathetic nervous system parasympathetic nervous system Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 22/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 45) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices. Match the following statement to the correct terms. Statement Term This neuron structure receives impulses from other neurons and transmits them to the cell body. (Blank 1) This neuron structure transmits nerve impulses from the cell body to other neurons and muscles. (Blank 2) This structure consists of the neuron's nucleus and many of the cell organelles. (Blank 3) Blank 1 options axon cell body dendrite Blank 2 options axon cell body dendrite Blank 3 options axon cell body dendrite Correct Answer dendrite axon cell body Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 23/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 46) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices. Match the following statement to the correct terms. Statement Term Relays signals between the cerebrum and cerebellum (Blank 1) Relays signals between the brain and the spinal cord (Blank 2) Regulates body temperature, thirst, appetite, and water balance (Blank 3) The largest part of the brain and is divided into two halves called hemispheres (Blank 4) Blank 1 options cerebrum hypothalamus medulla oblongata pons Blank 2 options cerebrum hypothalamus medulla oblongata pons Blank 3 options cerebrum hypothalamus medulla oblongata pons Blank 4 options cerebrum hypothalamus medulla oblongata pons Correct Answer pons medulla oblongata hypothalamus cerebrum Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 24/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 47) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices. Nerves in the (Blank 1) relay information from external sensory receptors to the central nervous system. The carries impulses from the central (Blank 2) nervous system to the heart and other internal organs. Blank 1 options autonomic nervous system somatic nervous system Blank 2 options autonomic nervous system somatic nervous system Correct Answer somatic nervous system autonomic nervous system Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 25/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 48) Identify the following descriptions as either the central nervous system or the peripheral nervous system. Central nervous system Peripheral nervous system Consists of sensory and motor neurons Coordinates all of the body's activities Consists of the brain and spinal cord Transmits information to and from the brain and spinal cord Correct Answer Consists of sensory and motor neurons Coordinates all of the body's activities Consists of the brain and spinal cord Transmits information to and from the brain and spinal cord Peripheral nervous system Central nervous system Central nervous system Peripheral nervous system 49) Specialized cells that help you gather information about your environment, interpret the information, and react to it are called . Correct Answer Blank 1: neurons or neuron Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 26/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 50) The part behind the iris that inverts an image and focuses it on the retina is called a . Correct Answer Blank 1: lens 51) The minimum stimulus to cause an action potential to be produced is a . Correct Answer Blank 1: threshold 52) are light sensitive cells that are excited by low levels of light. function in bright light and provide information about color to the brain. Correct Answer Blank 1: Rods or rods Blank 2: Cones or cones Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 27/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 53) Match each term to the description that it best fits. neurotransmitter node synapse gap between one neuron's axon and another neuron's dendrite a chemical that diffuses across a synapse then binds to receptors of the dendrite of a neighboring neuron gap in the myelin sheath along the length of an axon Correct Answer neurotransmitt er a chemical that diffuses across a synapse then binds to receptors of the dendrite of a neighboring neuron gap in the myelin sheath along the length of an axon node gap between one neuron's axon and another neuron's dendrite synapse 54) A reflex arc is a nerve pathway that consists of a sensory neuron, an interneuron, and a motor neuron. True False Correct Answer True Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 28/29 Answer Key with Questions Nervous system 55) Taste buds are areas of specialized receptors on the ear that detect sounds. True False Correct Answer False Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students. 29/29