AUTOMATED TRIP ALERT SYSTEM
NUR MUHAMMAD ASYRAF BIN NASURDIN
A project report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of
the Degree of Electrical Engineering Technology (Electrical Power) with Honours
Faculty of Engineering Technology
Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
JANUARY 2023
ii
I hereby declare that the work in this project report is my own except for quotations
and summaries which have been duly acknowledged
Student
:
………………………………………...
NUR MUHAMMAD ASYRAF BIN NASURDIN
Date
:
……………………...............................
Supervisor
:
………………………………………….
DR. AZUWIEN AIDA BINTI BOHARI
iii
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 2
TITLE
i
DECLARATION
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
iii
LIST OF FIGURES
vi
LIST OF TABLES
vii
INTRODUCTION
1
1.1
Background of Study
1
1.2
Description of the Project
2
1.3
Aim
2
1.4
Problem Statement
2
1.5
Objectives of the Project
3
1.6
Scope of the Project
3
1.7
Expected Result
3
1.8
Summary
4
LITERATURE REVIEW
5
2.1
Circuit Breaker
5
2.1.1
6
Application of ELCB
iv
2.1.2
Advantages and
7
Disadvantages of ELCB
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
CHAPTER 3
Arduino Board
8
2.2.1
Technical Specification
8
2.2.2
Arduino IDE Software
9
GSM Module
11
2.3.1
11
History of GSM Module
Automated System
12
2.4.1
13
History of Automated System
Summary
14
METHODOLOGY
15
3.1
Project Flowchart
15
3.2
Automated Trip Alert
17
Flowchart
3.3
Block Diagram of the
18
Project
3.4
3.5
Main Component
19
3.4.1
5V Relay Module
19
3.4.2
GSM Module SIM900A
19
3.4.3
Servo Motor
19
Summary
20
v
CHAPTER 4
CHAPTER 5
PRELIMINARY RESULT
21
4.1
Expected Result
21
4.2
3D Layout Design
22
4.3
Summary
23
CONCLUSION
24
5.1
24
Conclusion
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A
25
vi
List of Figure
2.1
Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker
6
2.2
Schematic Diagram of ELCB
7
2.3
The Arduino UNO
10
2.4
The Arduino Software (IDE)
11
2.5
GSM Module SIM900A
12
3.1
Project Flowchart
16
3.2
System Flowchart
17
3.3
Block Diagram for Automated
18
Trip Alert System
vii
List of Table
2.1
Arduino Uno Technical Specification
9
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, the content covers the introduction of the project, description of the
project, problem statement, project aim, objectives and scope of the project.
1.1 Background of Study
In this day and age, economic development involves so much innovation, wireless
control, and monitoring that everyone wants to better the lifestyle, and every item will
embrace wireless control. However, there are still issues when areas or locations
without good networks influence internet consumption or internet stability. This
advancement will have an impact on communities with restricted internet connection.
The smart house system will become more effective and user-friendly as a result of
this invention.
People nowadays frequently go through the 'smart house' process. ‘Smart
House’ is a term that is frequently used to describe residential communities that use
this method. The 'smart home' technology is typically used to remotely control the
home via Wi-Fi. There is possible to turn on and off electrically powered equipment
by pressing a button. However, there has one disadvantage when short circuits occur.
Short circuits can damage electrical appliances that require high electrical rates. Not
only that, this will cause raw food to degrade and smell.
As a result, in this project, an automatic trip alert can help homeowners be
reminded of the state of the home. Despite the fact that some businesses have launched
equipment to handle this issue, the problems cannot cure at all. A trip alarm that is
created automatically can also improve the "smart house" system. The homeowners
2
will be contacted as a result of the alert and will be able to take action. As a result, an
automated trip alarm system will be developed to address this issue.
1.2 Description of the Project
This project aims to provide automated trip notifications that can be used to enhance
the ones that already exist. The core of this project must be considered to be the
automated trip alarms features. The current device has the ability to phone or text the
homeowner with an alert. In order to prevent system shutdown when a short circuit
occurs in the house, every component will use a battery as power source. Cellular will
be used in this project as a communication tool to alert the homeowner to the short
circuits. Additionally, the alarms will be sent if the house experiences more than three
short circuits. The short circuits will automatically turn on to meet the characteristic
of the system in order to get the desired effect.
1.3 Aim
The aim of this project is to develop automated trip alert system.
1.4 Problem Statement
The function of Automated Trip Alert when the ELCB is trip. There is no system that
send an alert when the ELCB when the short circuit is occurs. The short circuits
occurrence is now well known to everyone. In addition, nothing is known about how
short circuits affect household electrical appliances. Not only that, but if the short
circuit is not fixed right away, raw kitchen supplies will also be harmed. This does not
get destroyed right away, but the effects last a long time. Therefore, this will
automatically revive the MCB to stop terrible things from happening. The power
distribution sector where the use of smart devices that can increase the reliability of
protection. Furthermore, the ELCB is in the Distribution Box connected with the
MCB. The system installation is not in the DB and not connect with the old connection.
The system also have a difference with the trip warning which is trip warning is to
detect the trip and send a warning to the house owner but the system turn on the ELCB
before send a warning to the house owner.
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1.5 Objectives of the Project
There are several objectives that need to be observed in this project which are:
a. To investigate trip detection and monitoring for the residential wiring.
b. To develop the trip detection system and monitoring for the residential wiring.
c. To verify the functionality of the trip detection system and the efficiency of the
automated trip alert system.
1.6 Scope of the Project
In order to fulfil the objectives of this project, several scopes need to be considered
throughout this project:
The system is easy to install at home without disrupting the main wiring
system. This is due to the fact that the equipment is only linked to the ELCB in order
to use the TNB power supply. Furthermore, the power source is limited to rechargeable
batteries.
The system may fulfil the Automated Trip Alert feature by utilising an Arduino
Uno. By using Arduino, the microcontroller can receive and send information to most
devices, and even through the internet to command the specific electronic device. This
uses a hardware called Arduino Uno circuit board and software programme to
programme the board.
The system can monitor by using phone via GSM Sim900. This can provide
the intermediary microcontroller in the process of sending SMS. In addition to sending
SMS messages, telephone can remind the homeowner that to monitor on things at
house.
1.7 Expected Result
Rechargeable batteries will be the prototype's power source for the automatic trip
alarm system. This is because when short circuits develop, the ELCB will lose power,
and the automated trip alarm will have the power supply to prevent this from
happening. The majority of the electrical appliances will be harmed when the ELCB
4
is cut-off. The system takes place throughout time rather than in the immediate future.
Raw food will also be ruined and emit an unpleasant stench. As a result, an automated
travel alert will prevent this from happening.
The ELCB will be brought back on by the automated trip alert in the event of
a short circuit to make sure that the supply is connected to all ELCBs. In the event of
a second short circuit, the ELCB will be restarted to make sure that lightning is not to
blame for the short circuit. Lightning has the potential to generate short circuits and
trip ELCBs. The automated trip alarm will, however, send a message to the host
requesting further action in the event of a third party short circuit. The technology
under development is an automatic trip alert system.
1.8 Summary
In conclusion, the GSM Sim900 can be used in areas without reliable internet
connections. Additionally, the system makes the things easier for everyone to receive
a warning if there is a short circuit in the house. Every homeowner is also given
convenience by the automated trip alert when the owners is not home. As a result, the
homeowners do not need to worry when not at home. Finally, the technology can
reinforce the current "smart house" system. The "smart house" system will be more
effective and secure as a result.
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
In this chapter, the contents have some information on the components used to achieve
the project objectives. This includes the early history of the creation of these
components as well as the systems used. In addition, this chapter will also contain the
characteristics and applications of these components. Some of the advantages and
disadvantages of components will also be discussed in this chapter.
2.1
Circuit Breaker
Circuit breakers are an electric switch design aimed at protecting the electrical circuit
from damage caused by short circuits and more current / load. The circuit breaker
design will follow the voltage supplied by the Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB). Each
type of circuit breaker has a minimum and a minimum voltage rate allowed to
accommodate the voltage used. Several types of circuit breakers have been the subject
of this project, including:
a. Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB)
b. Molded Case Circuit Breaker (MCCB)
c. Earth-Leakage Circuit Breaker (ELCB)
d. Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB)
An Earth-leakage circuit breaker (ELCB) is highlighted in this project as a part
that will notify the automatic trip mechanism. In electrical installations with a high
earth impedance, a safety device called an Earth-leakage circuit breaker (ELCB) is
employed to guard against shock. The ELCB detects minute stray voltages on the metal
housings of electrical apparatus and cuts the power if the voltage level rises above a
safety threshold. Figure 2.1 shows Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker.
6
Figure 2.1: Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker
2.1.1 Application of ELCB
The earth is immediately linked to one of the relay coil's terminals, while the
equipment's body is connected to the other terminal. The coil is able to detect the
voltage difference between the equipment's body and the earth.
A voltage difference arises between the terminals of the coil if the live wire
snaps and this comes into contact with the equipment's body. The coil is activated as
a result of the current beginning to flow through. Electromagnetic energy starts to be
produced by the relay. The relay generates enough force to pull the latch when the
current reaches a set threshold. The latch break does this by opening the contacts,
cutting off the power to the apparatus, and preventing electrical shock.
Since the relay only functions when the leakage current passes through, the
earth connection is required. As the electricity must go via the relay in order to break
the circuit, this will not break the circuit if the leaks through any other components of
the circuit or runs through any other undesired channel. Figure 2.2 shows Schematic
Diagram of ELCB.
7
Figure 2.2: Schematic Diagram of ELCB
2.1.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of ELCB
Despite having distinct brands, each electrical component has unique advantages and
disadvantages. Additionally, each electrical component has a variety of brands. This
also includes ELCB, which have advantages and disadvantages that might be
discussed. This section will outline the advantages and disadvantages of ELCB on
average for each brand.
The benefit of the ELCB is that can be used to stop short circuit fires in houses.
The benefit of shielding the circuit from electrical shock is one of the benefits. This is
typically caused by a lightning strike to a tall building or dwelling. As a result,
excessive voltage enters the home circuit and is transferred to the earthing rod. This
will help the ELCB detect the improper voltage flowing through the circuit and cutoff the voltage.
Additionally, ELCB is less sensitive and will not trip unnecessarily. The host
will find the simpler to maintain the circuit's condition as a result. Without the
occurrence of short circuits involving live and earth wires, the ELCB will not trip. The
8
ELCB will trip once during a lightning strike and can be turned on normally but during
a short circuit, the ELCB will trip repeatedly and cannot be turned on normally. This
gives the host peace of mind about a short circuit while they are outside.
ELCB is also a simple-to-use component on the market. By doing this, the
expense of maintenance will be lower if a component is damaged. This will make the
simpler for the host or contractor to perform repairs to the earning circuit of the house
or structure.
The inability of the ELCB to detect any short circuit that happens without
contact with the earthing wire is one of the many flaws that need to be examined. For
instance, if the ELCB does not make touch with the earthing rod, the ELCB cannot
detect current leakage or electronic shock. A house or other structure with a short
circuit will suffer damage as a result. Additionally, modest leakage currents entering
the circuit cannot be detected by an ELCB. ELCBs may trip as a result of electrical
equipment that typically generate voltage leaks.
2.2
Arduino Board
A microcontroller board called Arduino UNO is based on the ATmega328P. The board
contains 6 analogue inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB port, a power jack, an
ICSP header, and a reset button. There also has 14 digital input/output pins, six of
which can be used as PWM outputs. This comes with everything needed to support the
microcontroller; to get started, just plug in a USB cable, an AC-to-DC adapter, or a
battery.
2.2.1 Technical Specification
Each electric compound will have a technical specification to describe the features of
the component. this also includes the Arduino Uno R3, there are several technical
specifications that can be seen as a reference when being used. The Technical
Specification of Arduino UNO in Table 2.1
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Table 2.1: Arduino Uno Technical Specification
Board
Name
Arduino Uno R3
SKU
A000066
Microcontroller
ATmega328P
USB connector
USB-B
Pins
Communication
Built-in LED Pin
13
Digital I/O Pins
14
Analog input pins
6
PWM pins
6
UART
Yes
I2C
Yes
SPI
Yes
I/O Voltage
SV
Input voltage
(nominal)
Power
DC Current per I/O
Pin
Power Supply
Connector
Clock Speed
Memory
Dimension
7-12 V
20 mA
Barrel Plug
Main Processor
ATmega328P 16 MHz
USB-Serial Processor
ATmega16U2 16 MHz
ATmega328P
2KB SRAM, 32KB FLASH, 1KB
EEPROM
Weight
25 g
Width
53.4 mm
Length
68.6 mm
A microcontroller board called Arduino UNO is based on the ATmega328P.
The board contains 6 analogue inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB port, a
power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. There also have 14 digital input/output
pins, six of which can be used as PWM outputs. This comes with everything needed
to support the microcontroller; to get started, just plug in a USB cable, an AC-to-DC
10
adapter, or a battery. The chip can be replacing if the chip is broken. The Arduino
UNO in Figure 2.3.
Figure 2.3: The Arduino UNO
2.2.2 Arduino IDE Software
The Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE), also referred to as the
Arduino software, has a text editor for writing code, a message area, a text console, a
toolbar with buttons for basic functions, and a number of menus. This connects to the
Arduino hardware to upload programmes and communicate. The basic functionality
of the Arduino is made up of a number of C++ classes and libraries that can use. This
is constructed and assembled using the GNU gcc/g++ compiler.
Sketches are computer programmes created using the Arduino Software (IDE).
These drawings are created in a text editor and saved as files with the .ino extension.
The editor offers functions for text replacement and text searching. When saving and
exporting, the message section provides feedback and shows errors. The console
shows text generated by the Arduino Software (IDE), including error messages in the
entirety and other data. The configured board and serial port are visible in the window's
bottom right corner. Figure 2.4 is the example of the Arduino Software (IDE)
11
Figure 2.4: The Arduino Software (IDE)
2.3
GSM Module
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication)-based digital cellular technology is
used to transport mobile data in addition to voice services. In 1970, Bell Laboratories
used a mobile radio system to put this idea into practise. As implied by the name, refers
to the standards committee that was formed in 1982 to create a common European
mobile telephone standard. Over 70% of global digital cellular subscriber market share
is held by this technology. Digital technology was used to create this technology.
Currently, GSM technology serves more than 1 billion mobile subscribers in the
aforementioned 210 countries. From basic to complicated phone and data services are
offered by this technology.
2.3.1 History of GSM Module
GSM, which stands for "Global System for Mobile Communication," is a type of
mobile modem (GSM). Bell Laboratories created the GSM concept in 1970. In the
entire world, the GSM is a widely utilised mobile communication system. GSM is an
open, digital cellular technology that uses the 850MHz, 900MHz, 1800MHz, and
1900MHz frequency bands to provide mobile voice and data services.
12
The time division multiple access (TDMA) technique was used to establish the
GSM technology as a digital system for communication. The data is first reduced and
digitalized by a GSM before being sent across a channel with two distinct streams of
client data, each own specific time slot. The digital system may transmit data at rates
ranging from 64 kbps to 120 Mbps.
A GSM system uses macro, micro, pico, and umbrella cells, among other cell
sizes. Depending on the implementation domain, each cell is unique. In a GSM
network, there are five different cell sizes: macro, micro, pico, and umbrella cells. Each
cell has a different coverage area depending on the implementation environment.
The time division multiple access (TDMA) technology works by allocating
several time slots on the same frequency to each user. That can handle data rates of
64kbps to 120Mbps and is easily adaptable to voice communication and data
transmission. The GSM Module SIM900A is show in the Figure 2.5.
Figure 2.5: GSM Module SIM900A
2.4
Automated System
A combination of hardware and software makes up automatic systems. The system is
made to make work easier without using human energy. This is so that the system may
be operated by simply entering instructions into the programme. With the development
of automated systems, both the workforce and the number of automated systems
professionals could increase.
13
2.4.1 History of Automated System
At Texaco's refinery in Port Arthur, Texas, the first industrial computer control system
ever utilized in a facility was put together in 1959. The Ramo-Woolridge Company
model RW-300 computer was used for this first attempt at the first industrial computerbased control system. After a successful deployment at Texaco, they offered this
system to several businesses to push into the control of nuclear and electric power
plant markets. The Ramo-Wooldridge Company developed more sophisticated process
control computers, but they stopped commercially distributing computers when they
changed the name to TRW Inc. in 1965.
With the Modicon 084 programmable controller (PC), Bedford Associates
prevailed in 1969 after entries from DEC, Allen Bradley, and Bedford Associates were
given to GM. Because of the success of the 084, a product developed by Dick Morley
and his team of engineers at Bedford Associates in 1973 that met numerous other
market needs, they eventually established a new division at Bedford Associates called
Modicon. Due to the parent company's success and related tax problems, Bedford
Associates was dissolved, and Modicon was created instead.
In Ypsilanti, Michigan, the Hydra-Matic Transmission Division of General
Motors was competing to create the first programmable logic controllers (PLCs). The
architectures of the three finalists were highly varied. With the Modicon 084
programmable controller (PC), Bedford Associates prevailed in 1969 after entries from
DEC, Allen Bradley, and Bedford Associates were given to GM. Because of the
success of the 084, a product developed by Dick Morley and his team of engineers at
Bedford Associates in 1973 that met numerous other market needs, they eventually
established a new division at Bedford Associates called Modicon. Due to the parent
company's success and related tax problems, Bedford Associates was dissolved, and
Modicon was created instead.
The PID controller, a control-loop device created by Nicolas Minorsky, was
initially employed to guide ships. However, the first analog device for regulating the
feed temperature of heating systems was made soon after using the same approach. All
building automation control systems until the invention of direct-digital control (DDC)
systems in 1979 were founded on this idea. Pneumatic controls, including thermostats,
valves, and even central control panels for significant commercial buildings, were still
the norm until the 1970s. Unsurprisingly, the switch to electricity started in the 1980s,
14
with digital computers taking over the control while most of the equipment in the area
continued to be pneumatic.
Gould Electronics later bought Bedford/Modicon, and in 1997 there was
acquired by Schneider Electric. Although Rockwell Automation bought Allen-Bradley
in 1985, Allen-merchandise Bradley's and software continue to bear the brand. The
new software altered everything, and industrial automation began to increase rapidly.
Taylor Industrial Software was sold to GE Fanuc, and Rockwell Automation bought
ICON in 1993. Industrial automation now includes PLC systems, which are constantly
changing and simple to program and record.
In the late 1980s, distributed digital computers and process controllers installed
on various devices and connected to the central system started to replace the central
computer. The central controller started using the internet to communicate in 1995.
Today's central control automation hardware has been replaced by cloud-based
software that can be accessed from any web-connected device.
In May 2004, a Robot salesperson, 50, 25, and 10 years ago in Control
Engineering, was grateful to Ma Bell for RS-232 the pressure transmitter uses two
protocols; the control system bridges the PC-PLC gap. In June 2004, Control
Engineering Chicago installed new traffic control distributed process modules, and
there was a global investment in industrial automation. If the shoe fits Remington
Rand; cost breakthrough in ac drives Fieldbus Foundation and ten years ago in Control
Engineering in December 2004.
2.5
Summary
In conclusion, this combination of the component that used will build a system that
can prevent the any damage at the house. For example, the item in the freezer and
chiller can be prevented from rotting because of the ELCB trip. In other words, this
system can be useful when the user is not home. The GSM module can send an alert if
the trip is expected to be happened. An Arduino UNO is the microcontroller for this
system so an Arduino UNO will receive an input from the relay and send an output to
servo motor, GSM module and buzzer.
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
To implement the Automated Trip Alert project, this chapter describes the use of
Internet of Thing (IoT) on Automated Trip Alert. As stated in the project’s workflow
and design, an instructions were given to complete the tasks and takes more time to
achieved the objective of the project.
3.1
Project Flowchart
There are several steps that need to be taken at PSM1 to complete the report, the first
step is to select a project title to obtain approval from the project supervisor. The
selection of titles for this project is crucial to facilitating the current work of PSM2. In
ensuring that the selection of titles is relevant, relevant research findings should be
sought in articles, related books, and journal. This project requires accurate data and
helpful information in preparing the report. Each data received is clearer and if the data
is unclear, the review process will be repeated.
The project is always realistic and easy to build on how to be rationalized, and
the appropriate components have been selected for design in software and hardware.
All components are selected to ensure the project runs smoothly. In addition, projects
that use the appropriate components will be a guarantee for project success.
This project uses Proteus as a software for construct the simulation. Using this
software, we will design the circuit to be tested to ensure the systems works properly.
If any issues are found, the circuit will be troubleshooting. Using Proteus, the circuit
will be simulated correctly.
Furthermore, the project use Arduino Uno R3 as a microcontroller on the
simulate the circuit. The using of GSM module is continued to achieve the objective
of the project. The hardware will be approach after the simulation is success without
16
any problem. After complete the hardware, the complete report with the result of
project will compile. The project flowchart is shown below in Figure 3.1.
Figure 3.1: Project Flowchart
17
3.2 Automated Trip Alert Flowchart
The project’s flowchart is show the relay is functional as detector the ELCB is trip.
This will send the signal to Arduino UNO as the microcontroller for this project. The
Arduino Uno will send the servo motor a signal to switch on the ELCB for
confirmation. For the confirmation, servo motor will turn on the ELCB for three time
if the ELCB trip more than one time occur. After the confirmation of the servo motor,
the buzzer will automatically on and the GSM module will send the alert to the user.
GSM module will send an SMS as medium to alert the user about the house. The GSM
module will have programmed the number phone of the user. Figure 3.2 below shown
the system flowchart.
Figure 3.2: System Flowchart
18
3.3 Block Diagram of the Project
There will have two parts of the block diagram which is input and output sides. Relay
will be in the input side to detect the circuit breaker when trips. Arduino Uno will be
the main controller to this system as medium to transfer data between the input and
output. As Figure 3.3, the block diagram for Automated Trip Alert project.
Figure 3.3: Block diagram for Automated Trip Alert System
From Figure 3.3, rechargeable batteries as power supply will connect to Arduino Uno
and make sure the controller is ON. In order to keep the rechargeable batteries in full
charge, the batteries are connecting to one of the Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB)
where the rechargeable batteries in a state when the battery is 50%. So when the house
is having a trip circuit, the system will not shut down.
The relay is active when the house experiences short circuit or trip. The circuit
breaker is the first to detect the trip and send a signal to the relay. The relay sends the
signal to the Arduino Uno as a medium to transfer the data. In three times a row, the
controller sends the data to the GSM Module and buzzer. The buzzer ring and the GSM
Module send the notification to the house’s owner about the trip. If the circuit breaker
function normally, the system is reset for further tripping consequences.
19
3.4
Main Component Project
In this project, the selection of the component has been decided to use in real
connection. There are a few of the component will be the main component of this
project.
3.4.1 5V Relay Module
A power relay module is an electrical switch that is actuated by an electromagnet. The
electromagnet is actuated by a separate low-power pulse from a micro controller. The
electromagnet pulls to either open or close an electrical circuit when energised. The
Relay module is use as input to the Arduino if the ELCB is trip. If the relay detect the
ELCB is trip, the signal will send to the Arduino and send a signal to servo motor,
GSM module and buzzer.
3.4.2 GSM Module SIM900A
In order to establish connection between a mobile device or computer and a GSM or
GPRS system, a GSM module is a chip or circuit. GSM module is medium to send
SMS or alert to the user. That is an output to the system so the GSM module will send
the SMS to the user when the ELCB is trip after three times.
3.4.3 Servo Motor
The servo motor's job is to change the controller's control signal into the rotational
angular displacement or angular speed of the motor output shaft. The joints are driven
by servo motor. Servo motor can use to switch on the ELCB after the trip was occur.
Servo motor will turn on the ELCB for three times and send a SMS to the user for alert
the electric was cut-off.
20
3.5 Summary
In order to achieve all the objectives, the component characteristics’ functions must be
researched and understood. Advantages and disadvantages of the component is one of
the parts in learning the component. The acknowledgement of the component technical
specification is important when combining in a circuit. An Arduino UNO is the main
microcontroller in receiving and sending a signal process. As an input, relay will be a
switch in order to send a signal to the Arduino UNO when the electric is cut-off. GSM
module, buzzer and servo motor will receive a signal from the Arduino to give an alert.
GSM module will send an SMS to the user if the ELCB is trip while servo motor will
turn on the ELCB for three times for GSM module to function well as used to.
CHAPTER 4
PREMILINARY RESULT
The preliminary expectations for circuit design and 3D prototype design are covered
in this chapter. For designing simulation and hardware results, this approach is crucial.
This is a fundamental phase before the project is advanced.
4.1
Expected Result
The objective of this project is to solve a problem that has plagued society. When the
owner is not home, the house is in problems. This will make a difficulty for the
homeowner to turn on the ELCB. The system will let every home owner be informed
when the ELCB trips and will reduce the ELCB's defects.
The circuit of the project has been construct in PSM1. The Microcontroller
Arduino UNO has been chosen as the main microcontroller so the Arduino UNO will
control the circuit between input and output. This micro will send a signal to the servo
motor to turn on the ELCB before the Arduino UNO gives the GSM module instruction
to send an alert to the user. The relay as input is to detect if the ELCB is cut-off the
voltage through the MCB. The relay will send the input to Arduino UNO. The servo
motor will turn on the ELCB three times and if the ELCB trip more than three times,
GSM module will send an SMS to user and the buzzer is on. The troubleshooting
process will repeat to get the good system. The Figure 4.1 is shows the circuit design
for the Automated Trip Alert.
22
Figure 4.1: The circuit design for the Automated Trip Alert
4.2
3D Layout Design
This project's 3D prototype was released using the Autocad programme. After
considering the placement of the project's components, this design was chosen. In
order to determine whether the ELCB is tripped, the relay will also connected. The
iron rod from the motor servo to the ELCB will be inserted into the prototype by
connecting to the Distribution Box (DB). After the ELCB is restarted, the motor servo
will return to initial position. If the trip is active, the servo motor will once again deny
ELCB. There are holes for both the iron rod and the relay connection to the ELCB.
The system will improve this project's efficiency. Figure 4.2 is shows the 3D layout
design of Automated Trip Alert.
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Figure 4.2: The 3D layout design of Automated Trip Alert.
4.3
Summary
In conclusion, this chapter has chosen the circuit design and the 3D design for the
Automated Trip Alert system. This design will through a few troubleshoot before the
system get efficiently. This design will assist in calculate the budget of the component
and the real connection on prototype. The hardware connection will continue in PSM2
as project development.
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CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION
This chapter will come out with one conclusion based on the chapters discuss in this
research. Furthermore, the project development also contributes in made the
conclusion and will be used to improve the project in the future.
5.1
Conclusion
In PSM1, the project has been through a few procedures before implementation in
hardware at PSM2. The project is focusing in monitoring the trip of ELCB and the
way to prevent the house is trip when the owner is not home. In order to achieve the
objectives, the project have been check by the supervisor to ensure the work progress
is on the track. Based on chapter 2, the component has been chosen to use in the
project. The component that been chosen will be used in PSM2 to design a circuit
diagram as shown in chapter 4. In the future, the project development can be increase
the functionality specially to increase the system in society.
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