n this ‘ What is Full Stack Development’ blog, I will be elaborating on the wonderful field
of Full Stack Development and we will be discussing the following aspects:

What is Full Stack Development?

Who is a Full Stack Developer?

Why would you need a Full Stack Developer?

Full Stack Development Technologies

How to choose a Tech Stack for Full Stack Development?

Full Stack Developer Salary
Let us begin.
What is Full Stack Development?
Full Stack Development, as the name suggests, is the combination of both frontend and
backend portions in the life of a web application. The web development process has
three key layers:

Presentation layer: Deals with the frontend part to create the user interface

Database layer: Deals with the data storage operations such as fetching,
storage, and modification

Logic layer: Deals with handling all data validation and logical operations in the
backend part of the interface
Each of these layers requires an expert working diligently to bring together a complete
web application. However, having multiple people working on these aspects will create
a lot of complexity and add to the monetary expense of the company. Therefore, these
days, the majority of the companies are looking for Full Stack Developers who can
handle working with multiple stacks at ease.
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Who is a Full Stack Developer?
A Full Stack Developer is an engineer who is proficient in working with both server-side
and client-side programming software. Everything from frontend development
languages, backend development methodologies, server handling, and Application
Programming Interface (API) designing to working with version control systems are
what makes a Full Stack Developer who he is.
This is the primary reason why the name ‘Full Stack’ came into the picture in the world
of web development. If you are wondering about the level of proficiency a Full Stack
Developer must-have in all of these technologies, let me tell you that the developer is
asked to translate user requirements and create architectures based on that and help in
the implementation of the projects. Genuine interest is more of a requirement here than
an in-depth understanding of all the tools.
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Why would you need a Full Stack Developer?
There are multiple reasons why a Full Stack Developer has a lot of importance in a
company. Here are some of the key reasons:

Full Stack Developers ensure to keep the end-to-end web application running
without any hiccups.

Full Stack Developers can fit into multiple roles in the application development
process, thereby greatly reducing the costs and time required to solve problems.

Full Stack Developers can actively debug applications, alongside development,
and also extend help in testing and actively developing contingency protocols for
the application.
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Full Stack Development Technologies
Frontend Development
The frontend part of a website or a web application is the one that the user can see
when using the application. It is directly responsible for the user experience as the
person using it directly interacts with it when required.
There are multiple programming languages and frameworks that are used to build the
frontend section of a website or a web application. Some of them are as shown below:
Frontend Programming Languages
HTML: Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a combination of hypertext and markup
language as the name suggests. Hypertext is used to denote and define a link between
multiple web pages at an instance. A markup language is used to organize text in a
structured format by making use of functional units called ‘tags,’ which form the
foundation of HTML.
CSS: Cascading Style Sheets, also called CSS in short by developers is a very cleanly
written language that is used to add styling to a website using a simple syntax. The
main advantage of CSS is that it does not have a tight-knit dependency on the native
HTML surface and can independently be applied to each of the web pages as
developers desire.
JavaScript: JavaScript, one of the most famous programming languages in the early
part of the previous decade is used to add functionality to a website. An action for a
click of a button, for example, is a very simple use of JavaScript. Performing
mathematical operations to having the ability to create and showcase games and other
web-based applications on the website are some of the key features of JavaScript.
HTML, CSS, and JavaScript work hand-in-hand most of the time to drive the best frontend experience the developers can provide users.
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Frontend Libraries and Frameworks
AngularJS: AngularJS is a widely used open-source front-end framework, which is
primarily used in the design and development of single-page applications (SPAs).
Angular has a huge community of developers, and with every iteration in the software, it
ensures to provide better ways to help the Full Stack Developers create better websites
and applications.
Bootstrap: Angular Bootstrap is another open-source framework that forms as a
primary go-to tool for developers who want to build responsive websites and web
applications. Due to its immense potential, it has seen quick growth ever since its
inception in the market.
React.js: React.js is another extremely popular JavaScript library used to build user
interfaces for websites. It is free and open-source and was developed by the workforce
at Facebook. It is mainly used for component building as it provides an efficient and
quick way to do the same.
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Course provided by Intellipaat.
jQuery: jQuery is an open-source library that is used to ease the difference of working
between JavaScript and the combo of HTML and CSS. jQuery is used for various tasks
such as event handling, Ajax interactions, and cross-browser development activities.
Have a look at our blog on jQuery Interview Questions if you are preparing for
your Front End Developer job interview.
Backend Development
Backend as the name suggests mainly deals with servers and their role in the process
of building and using a website or a web application. The primary responsibility here is
to ensure the smooth working of all of the database technologies implemented by using
query languages and allowing for client-side interaction by making use of Application
Programming Interfaces (APIs).
The following are some of the important frameworks, libraries, and languages used for
backend development:
Python: Python is one of the widely used languages for backend development. It
provides multiple sub-frameworks that are used to build upon, alongside a simple
syntax that makes it a perfect choice for Web Development.
PHP: PHP is a famous server-side scripting language primarily used to run on web
servers to perform a plethora of activities to keep the backend functioning effectively.
Node.js: Node.js is another popular runtime environment that supports the running of
JavaScript code outside the native browser platform. It is key that you need to know that
it is neither a programming language nor a framework but a runtime. Its primary
functions include designing and developing APIs like mobile apps or even web apps.
C++: C++ is one of the modest widely used general-purpose programming languages. It
is used to complement other frameworks and work alongside them to effectively help
manage backend activities in the web development process.
JavaScript: The advantage of JavaScript is that it can be used by both a backend
and frontend developer as a programming language where it provides developers with
respective advantages in terms of code reusability and modular development.
There are many other backend programming/scripting languages such as C#, GoLang,
Ruby, and more.
What do you think is the best language for full-stack development? Head to the
comments and let us know!
Databases in Full Stack Development
A database can act as a primary collection of data and can double up as an efficient
channel to work with the data by performing various operations such as the insertion,
deletion, and modification of data and the retrieval of the updated data.
Following are some of the most widely used databases when it comes to web
applications and website building:
Oracle: Oracle is a one-stop shop for all the database requirements. It is very efficient
and easy to use and lets developers query the required information and work with the
database server easily.
MongoDB: MongoDB is a famous NoSQL data type being implemented these days.
NoSQL basically translates to a non-relational database model for storage. Due to this,
there are no table-based entities that provide a better storage mechanism and an
efficient model for quick and easy data retrieval.
MS SQL: MS SQL has been a champion of databases for quite some time now and it
sure is popular amongst the developers who have a requirement for relational database
models and the techniques that follow.
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Web Development!
Servers in Full Stack Development
Servers are sometimes referred to as the ‘heart’ of a web application. There are multiple
servers to choose from, and two of the most popular choices are mentioned below:
Nginx: Nginx is a very popular server tool that acts as an HTTP and a reverse proxy
server. It can also double up as a mail proxy server and also as a TCP/UDP proxy
server.
Apache: Apache is the most used platform out there for this purpose. It provides
programmers with a high-level abstraction when working with MapReduce. It also
provides a high-level scripting language called Pig Latin, which is used to develop data
analysis programs.
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Bangalore provided by Intellipaat.
Popular Stacks in Full Stack Development
MEAN Stack: Mean stack most popular stack out there. It includes working with
MongoDB. Express, AngularJS, and Node.js.
MERN Stack: The MERN stack is widely used among startups and even in some
Fortune 500 companies. It includes MongoDB, Express, ReactJS, and Node.js.
Django Stack: The Django stack is well revered among Python users and MySQL
Database developers.
Rails or Ruby on Rails: Another popular stack, Rails uses Ruby, PHP, and MySQL for
complete operation in the Full Stack Development environment.
LAMP Stack: LAMP is in implementation for a while now, and it has earned a good
reputation among developers. LAMP consists of Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP for
development.
Check out our blog on PHP Developer!
How to choose a Tech Stack for Full Stack
Development?
Well, with so many tools out there and multiple stacks being in the market as a
requirement for Full Stack Development jobs, what are some of the tips you can use to
choose a web technology stack?
Project requirements: It always pays well to understand the project complexity,
duration, and budget when picking up a technology stack. For projects that are on the
conservative side, Python or Node.js serves as a really good tool. Working the way up,
it becomes completely based on the product requirement as technologies directly
correspond to helping developers with a goal. Similarly, for projects that are complex, it
is important to understand every aspect of the requirement, break it down into simple
chunks, analyze it, and then pick up the right technology to work with.
Scalability: Scalability is something that is kept in consideration when starting with a
project to ensure that there is a structured pipeline for future expansion and growth.
Regardless of how quick the growth is or how diverse the requirements are for scaling
an application or a web platform, it is imperative that developers assess various
technologies and their offerings before honing in on the technologies that cater to the
exact requirement.
So, what do social media companies like Instagram and Facebook users for their Full
Stack requirements?
Here are some of the tools that Facebook and Instagram implement:
Programming languages: PHP, Python, and C++
Databases: MongoDB, Cassandra, MySQL, PostgreSQL, MariaDB, and HBase
Frameworks: PHPFox, Ruby on Rails, Tornado, and Diaspora
JavaScript libraries: Yoga, Relay, React, and Flux
Do note that, alongside the Full Stack Development tools, these big companies also try
to enhance the working of their web applications and websites by making use of
concepts such as Machine Learning and Deep Learning to implement Artificial
Intelligence as well.
Preparing for a Full Stack Developer job interview? Read our blog on HTML
Interview Questions and brush up on your HTML skills.
Full Stack Developer Salary
In India, the average salary of a Full Stack Developer is around ₹10 LPA as per the
popular site, Glassdoor. An experienced professional can earn well over ₹20 LPA as it
is one of the most popular jobs right now and it is in high demand at the same time.
In the United States, the average salary for the same role starts at around US$60,000
all the way up to US$110,000 for an experienced professional.
In the case of the United Kingdom, the average salary ranges from £35,000 to £50,000
for the role of a Full Stack Developer.
As can be seen from the above numbers, it is a well-lucrative job that doubles up as one
of the best careers to have in this decade.
Learn about both Frontend Developer skills and Backend Developer skills in our
detailed blog on Full Stack Developer Skills.
Learning Further
It is always important that, as a keen Full Stack Developer enthusiast, you keep your
learning high and keep your skills as sharp as you can. You can consider building your
own sample projects to help you strengthen your learning by using the tools completely
and understanding the next generation of web development tools.
For example, you can design a basic e-commerce site by making use of the following
technologies:
Frontend: You can make use of Bootstrap since it is easy to learn and implement.
Backend: Node.js or PHP can be used for the backend.
API: GraphQL can be used to ensure that your frontend talks smoothly to the backend.
Database: Any popular SQL or NoSQL database can be used for the storage of
customer details and product details.
Payment system: Gateways such as PayPal can be easily integrated into the website.
Authentication: JWT-JSON web tokens can be made use of here for authentication
purposes.
For most cases, the usage of these applications will be customized based on the
requirements. So, copying a stack as it is will not lead to positive results in terms of
building websites or web applications.
You can come up with an excellent web application by considering all of the abovementioned details regarding Full Stack Development. It is always vital to understand
that you need to hunt for the most efficient tool to achieve your tasks in the field of web
development. Also, you can enroll in our Full stack developer course to learn more.
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