LAB 8 PHYS #2 - DATA SHEET Study of reflexes and receptors – page 1 Provide names & student # for the students responsible for this completed lab (In lab experiments): Sections to read & view from the lab manual: Human Reflex Physiology General Sensation Special Senses: Visual Tests and Experiments; Eye Reflexes section The experiments below Instructions: Print this datasheet and bring it to the lab You must complete all experiments below and add the results for each individual experiment. You must upload the results from the individual experiment to the specified quiz question. You must use the results from the individual experiments that you uploaded to answer the specific questions. You will work in groups of 3 or 4. Everyone must participate. The equipment needed for the experiments is found at the end of your bench side. Please return the equipment as soon as you are done. LAB 8 PHYS #2 - DATA SHEET Study of reflexes and receptors – page 2 Complete the individual experiments outlined below and fill out datasheet 1. Somatic reflexes A. Spinal reflexes: i. Stretch reflex: Patellar reflex (Arc reflex) PATELLAR REFLEX (Activity 1 from Human Reflex Physiology; figures 3 and 4): Sitting on a bench or stool, leave leg dangle freely; use the rubber side of the REFLEX HAMMER and lightly tap the patellar tendon (=ligament); looking for a LEG EXTENSION; repeat with a distraction such as counting backward or solving an addition or subtraction equation in your head. Can also view the following video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ll8r5i0eaT8. Question: Compare the responses with and without distractions by entering your observations below Area: Without a distraction With a distraction right leg ii. Stretch reflex: Achilles reflex ACHILLES REFLEX (Calcaneal tendon or ankle-jerk- Activity 1 from Human Reflex Physiology; figure 5): Sitting on a bench or stool, leave leg dangle freely; lightly tap the Achilles tendon using the rubber side of the REFLEX HAMMER. Looking for a PLANTAR FLEXION. You can also view the following video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NTQcbhoeJ1Q). Question: Describe the response by entering your observations below LAB 8 PHYS #2 - DATA SHEET iii. Study of reflexes and receptors – page 3 Superficial Reflexes Babinski’s sign (Plantar reflex- Activity 3 from Human Reflex Physiology; figure 6). Sitting on the bench top, foot uncovered dangling off the edge; use the HANDLE of the REFLEX HAMMER and stroke in one continuous motion, from lateral to medial side (heel to big toe)(N.B. not looking to ‘tickle’ the sole of the foot); looking for the following in a normal response: FLEXION, ADDUCTION OF TOES, WITH SLIGHT INVERSION OF FOOT; for an abnormal (or + Babinski sign) response: DORSIFLEXION OF BIG TOE AND ABDUCTION OR FANNING OF TOES. You can view the following video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dcJgxuLtHdg). Question: Describe the response by entering your observations below Is your response considered: normal or abnormal? 2. Autonomic Reflexes i. Pupillary Reflex Pupillary Reflex (Activity 6 from Human Reflex Physiology): Using a regular ruler, measure the diameter of your partner’s pupils as best you can and record the results below. Have the subject hold a hand vertically between their eyes and the right side of their nose. Shine a flashlight into the subject’s left eye. Measure the size of subject’s left pupil. Without moving the flashlight, observe the subject’s right pupil and measure the right pupil. Measurements: Left pupil (without light; in mm) Right pupil (without light; in mm) Left pupil (with light; in mm) Right pupil (without light; in mm) Observation for the pupillary response in the left eye with the light (increase, decrease, remain the same): Did the same response occur in the right eye? LAB 8 PHYS #2 - DATA SHEET ii. Study of reflexes and receptors – page 4 Convergence Reflex CONVERGENCE REFLEX (Activity 7 from Special Senses: Visual and Experiments): Using an ordinary PEN, ask your partner to start focusing on it as you approach it closer to your partner’s eyes (STOP at about 1 cm from your partner’s eyes) – DESCRIBE THE MOVEMENT OF THE EYE IN ORDER TO KEEP A CLEAR PICTURE. View the following video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IsoHFoY5q7o). Observations: Describe the response by entering your observations below Do your partner’s eyeballs position change as the pen approaches their face? (yes or no) iii. Salivary Reflex SALIVARY REFLEX (Activity 8 with modification from Human Reflex Physiology): You will need 3 identical dispo beakers, 3 different solutions and 3 pieces of pH paper. First: get a glass of water and swish it around in your mouth to bathe your tongue and swallow. From there, collect your saliva being produced for 2 minutes in this respective glass. Keep this saliva for quantity comparative purposes when the experiment is completed – REPEAT this procedure with a SUGAR SOLUTION (5%) and lastly with a SOUR SOLUTION (lemon solution) in respective glasses. Rinse out your mouth between different trials with water and swallow. Assess the quantity of saliva collected using the scale of your choosing (ex: +;++;+++) of all 3 collections. Lastly take the pH of each of the 3 salivary solutions (indicate if solution is acid, basic or neutral). Once completed, please PUT ALL DISPO BEAKERS, IN THE DESIGNATED DISPO BAG! One group at a time. Please stay 2m away from person designated to do this experiment. Solution Amount of saliva (+;++;+++) pH of each solution Water Sugar Lemon LAB 8 PHYS #2 - DATA SHEET Study of reflexes and receptors – page 5 3. Equilibrium tests: i. Static Equilibrium STATIC EQUILIBRIUM (Romberg Test from Activity 7 from Special Senses: Hearing and Equilibrium): Observe and record movements needed (indicate all muscles uses to do this) to keep a straight position for 2 minutes with your EYES OPEN; then repeat with EYES CLOSED. Observe the subject from all directions for movements. Observations: Do you observe any swaying movement? Other movements? Muscles involved Eyes open Eyes closed ii. Dynamic Equilibrium DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM: Have a partner spin you 5X in the same spot, once you stop and are in a straight position, with EYES OPENED, extend your arms laterally then bring them forward to end up touching both tips of your index fingers; repeat with EYES CLOSED; N.B. you should wait a few minutes in between before spinning again. Note your observations below. Observation: How close were you to touching your index fingers together? Spin with eyes open Spin with eyes closed LAB 8 PHYS #2 - DATA SHEET Study of reflexes and receptors – page 6 4. Testing limitations of orientation/equilibrium: involves CNS, proprioceptors, special senses i. Horizontal Position HORIZONTAL POSITION: Lay on the floor (or mat) on your abdomen, face down and EYES CLOSED UNTIL THE END of the experiment; standing in front of the subject, take your partner’s arms and lift them off the floor keeping the arms at about a 20-degree angle with the floor; your head MUST remain in a downward position for the whole 2 minutes; once time is up, the partner will VERY SLOWLY lower you down and ask what they are feeling; expectation: (FEEL LIKE YOU ARE GOING THROUGH THE FLOOR IF DONE CORRECTLY). Change position and repeat. Sensation Partner 1 Partner 2 5. Gustatory receptor acuity i. Taste Acuity TASTE ACUITY: 3 different flavored jelly bellies with a scale of flavors; indicate the COLOR, the SMELL (if any) and the FLAVOR of each jelly belly; eat them one at a time, then verify against the scale if you are correct. NOTE HOW MANY WERE CORRECT AND SIMPLY CHECK OFF IN WHICH RANGE YOU FALL. partner 1 color smell flavor JB1 JB2 JB3 partner 2 color smell flavor JB1 JB2 JB3 partner 3 color smell flavor JB1 JB2 JB3 RANGE: 1 2 3 RANGE: 1 2 3 RANGE: 1 2 3 LAB 8 PHYS #2 - DATA SHEET Study of reflexes and receptors – page 7 6. Memory activity i. Accuracy in solving a maze Accuracy in solving a maze: Complete the following mazes (given in the lab) by tracing a line from A to B while doing different activities for the duration: (1) no activity, in silence, (2) listening to music, (3) you singing and (4) smelling a strong odor (ex. scented marker, Lysol wipes, soap, food extracts, etc…); NOTE THE TIME REQUIRED TO COMPLETE EACH PUZZLE FROM START TO FINISH (N.B. affix completed puzzle to result sheets time for completion: no activity, quiet listening to music you singing smell an odor ii. Memory activity A10b. Memory activity: Look at the figure provided (given in the lab) for just 1 min then without looking at it again, reproduce it in 1 min. on the grid provided. 1 mark is given for a correct form in the correct box, and 1 mark for the correct color – max of 2 marks per box. Total out of 12: Rank the accuracy of the color to the shape: (ex. 2 out of 4 shapes so 50%) LAB 8 PHYS #2 - DATA SHEET Study of reflexes and receptors – page 8 B. CUTANEOUS RECEPTORS - Observe sensations and mark your results. i. Two-Point Discrimination Test TWO-POINT DISCRIMINATION TEST (Activity 2 from General Sensation): You will need a compass. Adjust the width of the compass to 30 mm to start. Ask your partner to place his forearm on the bench, ventral side up and CLOSE their eyes. Lightly press both points on their forearm. Ask if they can feel 1 or 2 points. Every time your partner feels 2 points, shorten the distance between the 2 points and repeat the procedure. Once they feel only 1 point, you have reached the two-point discrimination distance. Repeat the procedure for the other parts of the body asked . Area on the body Two-point threshold (mm) Cheek (Face) center of the hand, dorsal side center of the palm of the hand distal end of the index finger, ventral side distal end of the thumb, ventral side Lip central part of the dorsal part of the neck center of the forearm, ventral side ii. Tactile Acuity TACTILE ACUITY by localization (Activity 3 from General Sensation): You will need 2 DIFFERENT COLORED PENS (ex. red & blue). The subject will perform this exercise with their EYES CLOSED. Place the determined area (see “area” below) on the bench (except for lip) for stability purposes; using one of the colored pens, the partner dabs that area; then the subject tries to dab (using the other colored pen) that very same area (eyes remaining always closed throughout the experiment). Open your eyes and measure the difference in mm between the 2 dabs and repeat for the other areas. example: determined area center of the forearm, ventral side center of the hand, dorsal side center of the palm of the hand distal end of a finger, ventral side Lip Difference between the 2 dabs (in mm) LAB 8 PHYS #2 - DATA SHEET Study of reflexes and receptors – page 9 iii. Receptor Adaptation RECEPTOR ADAPTATION to a stimulus (Activity 4 from General Sensation with modifications): You will need 4 PENNIES. Place your forearm on the table, ventral side up and CLOSE YOUR EYES. Your partner will place one penny on your forearm and see how long it takes you to no longer feel the object. Note that time. Once there, your partner will place two more pennies on top of the one on your forearm and repeat the exercise and at the same time also place a lone penny at another location. Note the time when you can no longer feel the pennies. Area forearm-ventral- area 1 forearm-ventral- area 2 Time for 1 penny TA SIGNATURE: Time for 3 pennies DATE: STUDENT SIGNATURE (for this datasheet) : (PRINT & SIGN): The physiology report ‘2022 Lab 08 Physiology Report 2’ will be released on Wednesday, November 30th. The report is due December 6th at 11:59pm. One report per group. Make sure you add all the names of your group members. You can complete the report with students from a different lab section. Remember, max of 4 students per report.
