composition Extracellular T Support Matrix I Bone cells organic RBC 351 Bone collagent Proteoglycan Osteocytes a mature matrix osteoblast in a maintain send out signals bone osteoclasts Bone destroying reabsorption L breatedown'd osteoclasts unused matrix so to make new bone I e rymodelling deposition I f cabftsphate WBC stress posted blast activity calcium vitamin D I Growth Length Width mostly in longbones appendices occurs epiphyseal plate proliferation i maturation of chondrocytes pushes epiphysis away from diaphysis a length continues until plate appositional growths Osteoblasts mom periosteum bone form on external surface osteoclasts breakdown internal bone surface to maintain appropriate thickness production a bone growth mechanical mew mineral salts Bone forming minerals store hydroxyapatite o protection Movement p tensile strength collagen type proteoglycans produce Function t Clinical conditions ummm spongy It ERM osteoCoA Arthritis Y Breakdown of articular Jmetaphysis cartilage lack of Protection leads to bone on bone b ROM a pain ispurs ompact 7 Tomb in diaphysis joint Fractures comminuted 1 in 3 Bone repair 1 www 4 f 5 vessels form calluses compact woven bone linear H Hairline 7 form H IEeacanus haha EIIred Spiral H 9 inflammation a swelling space 9 OPEN CLOSED 2 Impacted 4 Transverse H 6 Oblique H 8 Green stick segmental IIE µ Bones d Joints une Fibrous held together a dense irregular Ct Fixed immovable Ex o Sutures btwn bones in skull cartilaginous held together a hyaline a fibrous cartilage Slightly movables synchand roses symphyses g synovial cartilagecovered bones separated fluid called synovial fluid Joint by two Articular cartilageon ends of bone synovialmembrane encapsulates joint surfaces I synovial fluid I very moveable 2 1 Plane Joint multi axial back's forth side Hinge side mono axial 3 Pivot Joint uniaxial rotation joint flexion extension 4 Ellipsoid Biaxial flexion ext Circumduction 5 Major Joints Saddle Biaxial flexion Wrist: Condyloid (modi ed ball and socket) • exion/extension, ab/adduction ext Ab adduction 6 Ball s multi Elbow: Hinge • exion/extension Shoulder: Ball and Socket • exion/extension, internal/external rotation, ab/adduction, circumduction socket axial flexion ext abduction add circumduction Ankle: Hinge (universal) • plantar exion/dorsi exion, inversion/ eversion Knee: Hinge • exion/extension Hip: Ball and Socket • exion/extension, internal/external rotation, an/adduction, circumduction Vertebral Column: Plane (zygapophyseal) • exion/extension, lateral exion/ extension, rotation Bone Surface landmarks Factors affecting bone growth murmur