Application Guide AG 9/2001
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS
FOR BMS
Kevin Pennycook
PART A
PART B
SYSTEM
DESIGN AND
INSTALLATION
PART C
IMPLEMENTATION
Application Guide AG 9/2001
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS
FOR BMS
Kevin Pennycook
BSRIA Limited
Old Bracknell Lane West,
Bracknell, Berkshire RG12 7AH
Tel: + 44 (0)1344 426511 Fax: + 44 (0)1344 487575
e-mail: bsria@bsria.co.uk www.bsria.co.uk
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work was performed under contract to the Department of the
Environment, Transport and the Regions, under the ‘Partners in
Innovation’ programme. BSRIA acknowledges the financial support of
the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions and
would like to thank the following sponsors for their contribution which
has led to the production of this Application Guide.
Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions.
The research project was undertaken under the guidance of a project
steering group drawn from industry representatives and BSRIA staff.
The Steering Group contributors were:
Mr Graham Webber
Mr Fred Ranson
Mr Brian Inglis
Mr George Henderson
Mr Nick Skemp
Mr Dale Peel
AMEC Construction Ltd
Buildings Control Group
Trend Control Systems Ltd
DETR/W S Atkins
Nick Skemp Associates
York International Controls Group.
Contributing from BSRIA was Kevin Pennycook.
This publication is issued with the agreement of the DETR and every
opportunity has been taken to incorporate the views of the editorial
panel, but final editorial control of this document rests with BSRIA.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior
written permission of the publishers.
ISBN 0 86022 579 8
Printed by The Chameleon Press Ltd.
©BSRIA 70181 June 2001
CONTENTS
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 1
General............................................................................................................................................... 1
How to use this standard specification .............................................................................................. 2
Other relevant publications................................................................................................................ 2
PART A
1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS......................................................................................................... 5
1.1 General....................................................................................................................................... 5
1.2 Electrical safety.......................................................................................................................... 5
1.3 Electrical supply ........................................................................................................................ 5
1.4 Electromagnetic compatibility ................................................................................................... 5
1.5 Emergency restoration procedures............................................................................................. 5
1.6 Uninterrubtible power supply facility........................................................................................ 5
1.7 Time synchronisation................................................................................................................. 6
1.8 System security .......................................................................................................................... 6
1.9 System software......................................................................................................................... 6
1.10 System support........................................................................................................................... 6
2 OPERATOR WORKSTATIONS...................................................................................................... 7
2.1 Operational characteristics......................................................................................................... 7
2.2 Operator workstation equipment................................................................................................ 8
2.2.1 Processor ......................................................................................................................... 8
2.2.2 Monitor ........................................................................................................................... 8
2.2.3 Keyboard......................................................................................................................... 8
2.2.4 Printer.............................................................................................................................. 8
2.3 Monitoring and logging functions ............................................................................................. 8
2.4 Graphical operator interfaces..................................................................................................... 9
2.5 Help and assistance.................................................................................................................... 9
2.6 Integration with third party management software .................................................................. 10
2.6.1 Energy monitoring and targeting software.................................................................... 10
2.6.2 Maintenance management software.............................................................................. 10
2.7 System alarms .......................................................................................................................... 10
3 FIELD CONTROLLERS ................................................................................................................ 12
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
Modes of operation .................................................................................................................. 12
Physical construction ............................................................................................................... 12
Terminations ............................................................................................................................ 12
Future expansion...................................................................................................................... 12
Controller inputs ...................................................................................................................... 13
3.5.1 Analogue input.............................................................................................................. 13
3.5.2 Digital inputs................................................................................................................. 13
3.5.3 Pulsed inputs ................................................................................................................. 13
3.5.4 Run-time totals.............................................................................................................. 14
3.5.5 General.......................................................................................................................... 14
3.6 Controller outputs .................................................................................................................... 14
3.7 Positive feedback ..................................................................................................................... 15
3.8 Data monitoring and logging ................................................................................................... 15
3.9 Environmental conditions ........................................................................................................ 16
3.10 Internal power backup.............................................................................................................. 16
3.11 Means of configuration ............................................................................................................ 16
3.12 User interfaces ......................................................................................................................... 17
© BSRIA AG 9/2001
Standard Specifications for BMS
CONTENTS
4 OCCUPANT CONTROLS.............................................................................................................. 18
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
General..................................................................................................................................... 18
Wall/desk mounted .................................................................................................................. 18
Telephone-based ...................................................................................................................... 18
Office IT/Intranet-based........................................................................................................... 18
5 CONTROL FUNCTIONS AND ROUTINES................................................................................. 19
5.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 19
5.2 Basic control functions ............................................................................................................ 19
5.3 Control interlocks .................................................................................................................... 20
5.3.1 General.......................................................................................................................... 20
5.3.2 Frost protection ............................................................................................................. 20
5.3.3 Building/plant protection .............................................................................................. 21
5.3.4 Safety interlocks............................................................................................................ 21
5.4 Time schedules ........................................................................................................................ 21
5.5 Plant start/stop control ............................................................................................................. 22
5.6 Sequence control...................................................................................................................... 22
5.7 Plant rotation control................................................................................................................ 23
5.8 Optimum start/stop for heating systems................................................................................... 23
5.9 Optimum start/stop for cooling systems .................................................................................. 24
5.10 Weather compensation............................................................................................................. 25
5.11 Lighting control ....................................................................................................................... 26
6 SYSTEM COMMUNICATIONS.................................................................................................... 27
6.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 27
6.2 Communication devices........................................................................................................... 27
6.3 Communication protocols........................................................................................................ 27
6.3.1 Field-level protocols ..................................................................................................... 27
6.4 Direct interoperability.............................................................................................................. 28
6.5 Gateways.................................................................................................................................. 28
7 SENSORS AND DETECTORS ...................................................................................................... 29
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
General..................................................................................................................................... 29
Temperature sensors ................................................................................................................ 29
Humidity sensors ..................................................................................................................... 29
Air velocity sensors.................................................................................................................. 30
Air pressure sensors ................................................................................................................. 30
Flow meters.............................................................................................................................. 30
Sensor time constants............................................................................................................... 30
PART B
1 CHOICE OF CONTROL STRATEGY........................................................................................... 33
2 DESIGN FOR IMPLEMENTATION, FLEXIBILITY AND UPKEEP ......................................... 34
2.1 Design for commissionability .................................................................................................. 34
2.2 Future system expansion.......................................................................................................... 34
2.3 Design for maintainability ....................................................................................................... 34
3 FIXING AND CONNECTION ....................................................................................................... 35
3.1 Cabling installed as part of the BMS contract ......................................................................... 35
3.1.1 General.......................................................................................................................... 35
3.1.2 Cable type and application............................................................................................ 35
3.1.3 Identification ................................................................................................................. 35
Standard Specifications for BMS
© BSRIA AG 9/2001
CONTENTS
3.2 Use of existing cabling and wire ways..................................................................................... 36
3.3 Connection to plant and control equipment ............................................................................. 36
3.3.1 General.......................................................................................................................... 36
3.3.2 Safety interlocks............................................................................................................ 36
3.3.3 Manual control .............................................................................................................. 37
3.3.4 Volt-free contacts.......................................................................................................... 37
3.3.5 Relays............................................................................................................................ 37
3.3.6 Signalling from starters................................................................................................. 37
3.3.7 Control equipment ........................................................................................................ 37
3.3.8 Packaged plant .............................................................................................................. 38
3.4 Additional provisions for retrofit installations......................................................................... 38
3.5 Cabinets for BMS equipment................................................................................................... 38
3.6 Control panels .......................................................................................................................... 39
3.6.1 Control panel design ..................................................................................................... 39
3.6.2 Control panel construction............................................................................................ 39
3.6.3 Control panel labelling.................................................................................................. 40
4 SENSORS........................................................................................................................................ 41
4.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 41
5 ACTUATORS ................................................................................................................................. 46
6 VALVES AND DAMPERS ............................................................................................................ 47
6.1 Valves ...................................................................................................................................... 47
6.1.1 General.......................................................................................................................... 47
6.1.2 Modulating valves......................................................................................................... 47
6.2 Dampers ................................................................................................................................... 48
7 COMMUNICATION NETWORKS ............................................................................................... 49
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
General..................................................................................................................................... 49
Structured cabling .................................................................................................................... 49
Intranet and internet applications............................................................................................. 49
Mains-borne signalling ............................................................................................................ 50
Radio communications............................................................................................................. 50
8 INTEGRATION WITH FIRE DETECTION SYSTEMS............................................................... 51
8.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 51
8.2 Integration for monitoring........................................................................................................ 51
8.2.1 Uni-directional systems................................................................................................. 51
8.3 Integration for control .............................................................................................................. 52
9 INTEGRATION WITH SECURITY DETECTION SYSTEMS .................................................... 53
9.1 Intruder alarm systems............................................................................................................. 53
9.2 Access control systems ............................................................................................................ 53
10 INTEGRATION WITH LIGHTING CONTROL SYSTEMS ........................................................ 54
10.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 54
10.2 Direct interoperability.............................................................................................................. 54
10.3 Gateway link ............................................................................................................................ 54
PART C
1 STATUTORY REGULATIONS AND GOOD PRACTICE .......................................................... 57
1.1 Statutory regulations ................................................................................................................ 57
1.2 Good practice........................................................................................................................... 57
© BSRIA AG 9/2001
Standard Specifications for BMS
CONTENTS
2 COMMISSIONING......................................................................................................................... 58
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
Commissioning project management....................................................................................... 58
Control system specification details required for commissioning ........................................... 58
Pre-commissioning .................................................................................................................. 59
Plant ready for control system commissioning ........................................................................ 60
2.4.1 Water systems ............................................................................................................... 60
2.4.2 Air systems.................................................................................................................... 60
2.4.3 Packaged equipment ..................................................................................................... 61
2.5 Control system requirements for plant commissioning ........................................................... 61
2.6 Commissioning ........................................................................................................................ 61
3 DEMONSTRATION AND HANDOVER...................................................................................... 62
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
Witnessing requirements.......................................................................................................... 62
Operation and maintenance manuals ....................................................................................... 63
Software ................................................................................................................................... 63
Post-handover checks............................................................................................................... 64
3.4.1 Global level checks ....................................................................................................... 64
3.4.2 System level checks ...................................................................................................... 64
3.4.3 Sub-system/component level ........................................................................................ 64
4 OPERATOR TRAINING ................................................................................................................ 65
4.1.1 Basic operator ............................................................................................................... 65
4.1.2 Intermediate operator .................................................................................................... 65
4.1.3 Advanced operator ........................................................................................................ 65
5 MAINTENANCE ............................................................................................................................ 66
GLOSSARY OF TERMS ..................................................................................................................... 73
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A Non-applicable clauses................................................................................................. 69
APPENDIX B Assembling the full BMS specification........................................................................ 70
TABLES
Table 1 Temperature sensors - minimum requirements...................................................................... 29
Table 2 Humidity sensors - minimum requirements........................................................................... 29
Table 3 Air velocity sensors - minimum requirements....................................................................... 30
Table 4 Air pressure sensors - minimum requirements ...................................................................... 30
Table 5 Flow meters - minimum requirements................................................................................... 30
Table 6 Sensor time constants............................................................................................................. 30
Table 7 Minimum separation distances between signal cables and power cables .............................. 35
Table 8 Temperature sensors .............................................................................................................. 42
Table 9 Humidity sensors ................................................................................................................... 44
Table 10 Pressure sensors ..................................................................................................................... 44
Table 11 Flow velocity/flow rate sensors ............................................................................................. 45
Table 12 Indoor air quality sensors....................................................................................................... 45
Table 13 Valve sizing requirements...................................................................................................... 48
Table 14 Damper application requirements .......................................................................................... 48
Table 15 Pre-commissioning requirements........................................................................................... 59
Table 16 CIBSE Code C automatic control systems pre-commissioning requirements....................... 60
Table 17 CIBSE Code C automatic control systems commissioning requirements ............................. 61
Table 18 Non-applicable clauses for stand-alone DCC and networked DCC control systems ............ 69
Standard Specifications for BMS
© BSRIA AG 9/2001
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
GENERAL
This document presents a full set of standard specification clauses for
Building Management Systems (BMS). The specification clauses are
grouped into the following three parts:
•
Part A: System Standard Specification
This comprises specification clauses relating to equipment and
component requirements, eg operator facilities and field controllers.
•
Part B: Design and Installation Standard Specification
This comprises specification clauses relating to how the system should
be designed/structured, configured and installed.
•
Part C: Implementation Standard Specification
This comprises specification clauses relating to how the system should
be commissioned, handed over and maintained.
Although this standard specification is primarily intended for BMS it
can also be used for Stand-alone DDC controllers and Networked DDC
systems. For the purpose of this specification the following definitions
are applicable:
•
BMS. A BMS has at least one permanent operator workstation
connected via a communications network to a number of direct
digital control (DDC) controllers which are often referred to as field
controllers.
•
Network DDC systems. Networked DDC systems comprise two or
more DDC controllers that are connected together by a
communication network in the same manner as a BMS, however no
permanent operator workstation is provided.
•
Stand-alone DDC controllers. A stand-alone DDC control system
comprises one or more controllers which are not connected together
by a communications network. The controllers operate
independently of each other and there is no permanent operator
workstation.
Specification clauses that are not applicable for networked DDC
controllers and stand-alone DDC controllers are provided in
Appendix A.
Note that the standard specification makes reference to a number of draft
European standards. Although draft standards should not be used for
specification purposes they have been included for the sake of
completeness. The European standards should be incorporated in
specifications when published.
© BSRIA AG 9/2001
Standard Specifications for BMS
1
INTRODUCTION
HOW TO USE THIS
STANDARD
SPECIFICATION
This standard specification should be used as a central part of a full
specification for a BMS. The full specification should comprise:
•
•
•
a BMS Standard Specification
a Particular Specification
other applicable specifications.
The Particular specification should comprise:
•
•
•
•
•
amendments to the Standard Specification
functional statements and detailed operational schedules (control
strategies)
a points schedule
a report schedule
graphics schedules.
Details concerning how to assemble a full specification are provided in
Appendix B.
A full set of specification clauses is provided in this BMS Standard
Specification. This includes topics such as system integration and thirdparty management software. In many designs this level of functionality
will not be required. Where this is the case any non-applicable
specification clauses should be listed in the Particular Specification.
Amendments to the Standard Specification detailed in the Particular
Specification should comprise:
•
•
•
OTHER RELEVANT
PUBLICATIONS
clauses to be deleted
clauses to be added
clauses to be modified.
Other sources of complementary guidance include:
•
Library of system control strategies, AG 7/98, BSRIA,
ISBN 0 86022 497 X
Describes control strategies for different HVAC plant groups.
Information includes a schematic diagram of the plant, plant
description, control strategy description, specification clauses,
points list and control logic flow chart.
•
Automatic control, CIBSE Commissioning Code C: 2001,
ISBN 1 903287 13 8
The Code provides good practice guidance for the commissioning of
BMS. Appropriate sections of the Code can be used to form the
basis of commissioning specifications.
•
Specifying building management systems, TN 6/98, BSRIA,
ISBN 0 86022 496 1
Provides background information and guidance relating to the wide
range of issues that should be considered when specifying a BMS.
2
Standard Specifications for BMS
© BSRIA AG 9/2001
SYSTEM
PART A
PART A
SYSTEM
© BSRIA AG 9/2001
Standard Specifications for BMS
3
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1
PART A
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1 GENERAL
1.2 ELECTRICAL
SAFETY
1.3 ELECTRICAL
SUPPLY
1
Ensure that the requirements of prEN 13646:1999: Building control
systems - equipment characteristics are met.
2
Ensure that the requirements of prEN ISO 16484-2: Building control
systems – Part 2: HVAC control system functionality are met.
1
Ensure that the BMS complies with the following EC Directives:
•
•
•
2
Ensure that the BMS installation complies with HD 384 - Electrical
installations in buildings.
3
Ensure that control panels comply with EN 60439-1 - Low-voltage
switchgear and control assemblies.
1
Ensure that the BMS can operate supplied with electricity
conforming to BSEN 50160 - Voltage characteristics of electricity
supplied by public distribution systems.
1.4 ELECTROMAGNETIC 1
COMPATIBILITY
1.5 EMERGENCY
RESTORATION
PROCEDURES
1.6 UNINTERRUPTIBLE
POWER SUPPLY
FACILITY
© BSRIA AG 9/2001
Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC and amendment 93/68/EEC
Construction Products Directive 89/106/EEC
General Product Safety Directive 92/59/EEC.
Ensure that the BMS complies with the Electromagnetic
Compatibility (EMC) Directive (89/336/EEC).
2
Ensure that the BMS complies with BSEN 50081-1: Generic
emission standard and BSEN 50082 Parts 1 & 2: Generic immunity
standard.
3
Ensure that the BMS meets the EMC requirements of pr EN 13646.
1
Ensure that the BMS fully restores all control and monitoring
functions following an emergency shut down period.
2
Ensure that the strategy for phased restoration of plant operation
complies with the Particular Specification. (In some applications
the restoration programme may differentiate between main and
emergency operation.)
3
Ensure that the restoration of plant is performed within the time
period specified in the Particular Specification.
4
Ensure that start delay times can be adjusted according to the
magnitude of the load.
1
Ensure that any Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) facility
conforms with the requirements of the Particular Specification.
Standard Specifications for BMS
5
PART A
1.7
1.8
TIME
SYNCHRONISATION
SYSTEM
SECURITY
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1
Ensure that all time-dependant BMS components are time
synchronised via the operator workstation.
2
Ensure that the BMS can automatically change between British
Summer Time (BST) and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
3
Ensure that the BMS can accommodate leap years.
1
Provide, as a minimum, password-protected operator access for the
following levels:
•
•
•
•
Level 1: Ability to display all point data
Level 2: As level 1 with ability to initiate data logging
functions
Level 3: As level 2 with ability to change user-adjustable setpoints and time schedules
Level 4: As level 3 with ability to change control strategies,
schematic/graphics functions and password
assignment.
2
Ensure that password-protected operator access is set up for both
operator workstations and field controllers which have an operator
interface.
3
Ensure that passwords permit at least 6 alpha/numeric
characteristics.
4
Ensure that the BMS software is protected from unauthorised entry.
5
Ensure that the BMS, and its operation performed under any
maintenance contract, complies with:
BS 7799 Parts 1 and 2, Information security management
Part 1 - Code of practice for information security management
Part 2 - Specification for information security management systems.
1.9
SYSTEM
SOFTWARE
1.10 SYSTEM
SUPPORT
6
Standard Specifications for BMS
1
Ensure that IT industry-standard operating systems are used.
2
Ensure that copies of all BMS vendor-specific software are held by
an independent third party and that this software can be released to
the client.
3
Ensure that an ESCROW Agreement is completed and signed.
4
Ensure that licences to use software applications are owned by the
Client.
1
Ensure that a viable strategy is in place to fully support the BMS
for a minimum 10-year period from the date of practical
completion. (See Part C, Clause 5 for maintenance requirements.)
© BSRIA AG 9/2001