TEAM MEMBERS: o Aman Shukla o Avineet Singh Juneja o Naveen Kumar o Abhishek Rauniyar o Lokesh Kumar Sharma AGENDA Water purification is the collective name for a group of processes that make water more suitable for drinking, medical use, industrial use, and so on. A water purification process is designed to remove or reduce existing water contaminants to the point where the water is fit for use. In the last few years, innovative methods such as nanotechnology have been studied to develop water purification technologies. . The main methods discussed are adsorption, photocatalysis, membrane filtration, and electrochemical water purification. It is seen from literature review that RO technology is contaminants, and nitrate from feed stream used to remove dissolved solids, colour, organic Proposed model ULTRA VIOLET RAYs(UV Ray) Reverse Osmosis (RO) is a pressure-driven membrane process used for purification of water. In all pressure-driven membrane processes, water passes through the membranes more easily than the contaminants that are being removed. However, not all of the water supplied to an RO membrane passes through the membrane. The two water streams of differing water quality are produced in the RO process. • What other water problems can RO solve? Beyond scale prevention, Reverse Osmosis can be used to control corrosion by reducing the conductivity of water (TDS) and by removing chloride ions and or sulphate. However, blending some filtered tap water with RO permeate is often necessary to ensure that water supplied to equipment is not too pure. For example, blending is often used to meet an equipment manufacturer’s (coffee, espresso, steamer, etc.) water specification for TDS. • Why is RO necessary or preferred? What’s wrong with the existing filtration system!!!!! • Existing filtration systems are designed to remove particles, chlorine, and dissolved organics (fertilizers, pesticides, and organics of animal or vegetable origin). They are not, however, capable of removing many dissolved contaminants including calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium salts. Dissolved mineral salts in the tap water can cause scale to build up on faucets, internal surfaces of pipes, water heaters, brewing equipment, and ice machines. This scale build-up often results in expensive repairs and losses of equipment efficiencies. Ultra violet ray Ultraviolet radiation, that portion of the electromagnetic spectrum extending from the violet, or short-wavelength, end of the visible light range to the X-ray region. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is undetectable by the human eye, although, when it falls on certain materials, it may cause them to fluoresce—i.e., emit electromagnetic radiation of lower energy, such as visible light. Many insects, however, are able to see ultraviolet radiation. Ultraviolet radiation lies between wavelengths of about 400 nanometres (1 nanometre [nm] is 10−9 metre) on the visible-light side and about 10 nm on the Xray side, though some authorities extend the short-wavelength limit to 4 nm. • Ultraviolet disinfection of drinking water Water obtained from natural sources such as dams, streams, bores and rainwater tanks may contain microorganisms that can pose a risk to your health. The Department of Health recommends that all naturally sourced water should be professionally tested and treated before it is used for drinking, bathing, filling swimming and paddling pools, food preparation or cooking. • How does UV light kill microorganisms? When UV light enters a microorganism its energy will damage the microorganism’s cellular function so that it will not be able to grow. • Should I filter my water before UV light disinfection? Yes. It is important to filter water before treatment with a UV light to make sure that all suspended particles are removed. UV light is not a filter so microorganisms and suspended matter will not be removed from the treated water. PURPOSE • • Reverse osmosis helps in improving the quality and safety of water for domestic as well as for industrial use. It is widely used to desalinate the sea water. Drinking pure water from an RO water purifier helps in increasing the metabolism rate, improving the digestion process, and assisting in weight loss. MOTIVATION SCOPE • The best way to tackle these issues is to filter your water in your home, at the point where you’ll use it. Here are some of the benefits you’ll enjoy by installing a filtration system. • • Some UV radiation is essential to the body as it stimulates the production of vitamin D. Vitamin D has an important function in increasing calcium and phosphorus absorption from food and plays a crucial role in skeletal development, immune function and blood cell formation. • advances in measurement and detection of regulated water quality parameters, as well as real-time monitoring of pathogens and emerging contaminants. software and hardware innovations related to reliable and efficient clean water distribution and supply, including machine learning, Internet of things and big data analyses. IMPLEMENTATION In this work reactors for static and flow-through geometry were implemented for the purpose of UV LED based germicidal action on E. coli bacteria-spiked water samples. This multi-pass geometry has many advantages, especially its low cost, effective mixing, stability, portability, and low power requirement. The system can switch between a high-power high-throughput or a lower-power lowthroughput mode depending on the level of disinfection needed and the electrical power available.
