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Database design and Development 1152 1619622711350
Unit 0
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Higher Nationals
Internal verification of assessment decisions – BTEC (RQF)
INTERNAL VERIFICATION – ASSESSMENT DECISIONS
BTEC HND in Computing
Programme title
Mr.Laksahan Gamage
Assessor
Internal Verifier
Unit 04: Database Design & Development
Unit(s)
Database Solution for Polly Pipe
Assignment title
Umesha Lakshani
Kir/A-14790
Student’s name
List which assessment criteria
the Assessor has awarded.
Pass
Merit
Distinction
INTERNAL VERIFIER CHECKLIST
Do the assessment criteria awarded match
those shown in the assignment brief?
Is the Pass/Merit/Distinction grade awarded
justified by the assessor’s comments on the
student work?
Y/N
Y/N
Has the work been assessed
accurately?
Y/N
Is the feedback to the student:
Give details:
• Constructive?
• Linked to relevant assessment criteria?
• Identifying opportunities for
improved performance?
• Agreeing actions?
Y/N
Y/N
Y/N
Does the assessment decision need
amending?
Y/N
Y/N
Assessor signature
Date
Internal Verifier signature
Date
Programme Leader signature (if required)
Date
Confirm action completed
Remedial action taken
Give details:
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Assessor signature
Date
Internal Verifier
signature
Date
Programme Leader
signature (if required)
Date
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Higher Nationals - Summative Assignment Feedback Form
Student Name/ID
Umesha Lakshani
Unit Title
Unit 04:
Assignment Number
1
Kir/A-14790
Database Design & Development
Mr.Laksahan Gamage
Assessor
Submission Date
Date Received
1st submission
Re-submission Date
Date Received 2nd
submission
Assessor Feedback:
LO1 Use an appropriate design tool to design a relational database system for a substantial problem
Pass, Merit & Distinction P1
M1
D1
Descripts
LO2 Develop a fully functional relational database system, based on an existing system design
Pass, Merit & Distinction
Descripts
P2
P3
M2
M3
D2
LO3 Test the system against user and system requirements.
Pass, Merit & Distinction
Descripts
P4
M4
D2
LO4 Produce technical and user documentation.
Pass, Merit & Distinction
Descripts
Grade:
P5
Assessor Signature:
M5
D3
Date:
Resubmission Feedback:
Grade:
Assessor Signature:
Date:
Internal Verifier’s Comments:
Signature & Date:
*
Please note that grade decisions are provisional. They are only confirmed once internal and external moderation has taken place
and grades decisions have been agreed at the assessment board.
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Assignment Feedback
Formative Feedback: Assessor to Student
Action Plan
Summative feedback
Feedback: Student to Assessor
Assessor
signature
Student
signature
Date
lakshanimgu@gmail.co
m
Date
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Pearson Higher Nationals in
Computing
Unit 04: Database Design & Development
Assignment 01
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General Guidelines
1. A Cover page or title page – You should always attach a title page to your assignment.
Use previous page as your cover sheet and make sure all the details are accurately filled.
2.
Attach this brief as the first section of your assignment.
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2. Use 1.5 line spacing. Left justify all paragraphs.
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will then be asked to complete an alternative assignment.
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9. If you use other people’s work or ideas in your assignment, reference them properly
using HARVARD referencing system to avoid plagiarism. You have to provide both in-text
citation and a reference list.
10. If you are proven to be guilty of plagiarism or any academic misconduct, your grade
could be reduced to A REFERRAL or at worst you could be expelled from the course
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Student Declaration
I hereby, declare that I know what plagiarism entails, namely to use another’s work and to
present it as my own without attributing the sources in the correct form. I further understand
what it means to copy another’s work.
1. I know that plagiarism is a punishable offence because it constitutes theft.
2. I understand the plagiarism and copying policy of Edexcel UK.
3. I know what the consequences will be if I plagiarise or copy another’s work in any of the
assignments for this program.
4. I declare therefore that all work presented by me for every aspect of my program, will be
my own, and where I have made use of another’s work, I will attribute the source in the
correct way.
5. I acknowledge that the attachment of this document signed or not, constitutes a binding
agreement between myself and Pearson, UK.
6. I understand that my assignment will not be considered as submitted if this document is
not attached to the assignment.
lakshanimgu@gmail.com
Student’s Signature:
(Provide E-mail ID)
........./.../2021
Date:
(Provide Submission Date)
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Higher National Diploma in Computing
Assignment Brief
Student Name /ID Number
Umesha Lakshani
Unit Number and Title
Unit 4: Database Design & Development
Academic Year
2021/22
Kir/A-14790
Unit Tutor
Assignment Title
Data base system for Polly Pipe
Issue Date
Submission Date
IV Name & Date
Submission format
Part 1: The submission should be in the form of an individual written report written in a
concise, formal business style using single spacing and font size 12. You are required to
make use of headings, paragraphs and subsections as appropriate, and all work must be
supported with research and referenced using Harvard referencing system. Please also
provide in-text citation and bibliography using Harvard referencing system. The
recommended word limit is 3,000–3,500 words, although you will not be penalised for
exceeding the total word limit.
Part 2: The submission should be in the form of a fully functional relational database
system demonstrated to the Tutor; and an individual written report (please see details in
Part 1 above).
Part 3: The submission should be in the form of a witness statement of the testing
completed by the Tutor; technical documentation; and a written report (please see details
in Part 1 above).
Unit Learning Outcomes:
LO1 Use an appropriate design tool to design a relational database system for a
substantial problem.
LO2 Develop a fully functional relational database system, based on an existing system
design.
LO3 Test the system against user and system requirements.
LO4 Produce technical and user documentation.
Assignment Brief and Guidance:
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Assignment brief
Polly Pipe is a water sports provider and installer based in Braintree, England. They need you
to design and implement a database that meets the data requirements. These necessities are
defined in this scenario and below are samples of the paper records that the Polly Pipe
preserves.
Polly Pipe is focused in placing aquariums at business customers. Customers can request
several installations, but each installation is tailor-made for a specific customer. Facilities are
classified by type. One or more employees are assigned to each facility. Because these
facilities are often very large, they can include carpenters and masons as well as water
installers. The facilities use equipment such as aquariums, air pumps and thermostats. There
can be multiple computers in a facility.
Below are examples of paper records that Polly Pipe currently maintains.
Staff Management Record
Staff Number
SHA1
SHA8
SHA2
SHA11
SHA23
SHA66
SHA55
Name
Dave Clark
John Smith
Freddy Davies
McCloud
Satpal Singh
Winstn Kodogo
Alison Smith
Type
Plumber
Installation Manager
Aquatics installer
Aquatics installer
Plumber
Aquatics installer
Brick Layer
Equipment Type Table
Type
Tanks
Thermostats
Air Pumps
Filters
Equipment
20 gallon tank, 50 gallon tank, 100 gallon
tank, 200 gallon tank
Standard, Super
Standard, Super
Air driven, Undergravel
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Instillation Management Form
Installation Installation Installation
ID
Type
Name and
Address
234
Freshwater Oak House,
Tropical
17 Wroxton
Road,
Hertfordshire,
H5 667
654
Freshwater Bayliss
Cold
House,
Orange
Street, Kent,
K7 988
767
Marine
Eaglestone
Castle,
Eaglestone,
Kent
943
Marine
23 Sackville
Street, Wilts.
W55
157
Freshwater Humbertson
Tropical
Castle, Kent,
K8
Customer Equipme Types of Staff
nt
Required
2 air
pumps
200
gallons
fish tank
1x
standard
thermost
at
Sally
2 air
Dench
pumps
200
gallons
fish tank
Large
Gravel
Bag
2x
standard
thermost
ats
Perry
2 x 200
Vanderrun gallons
e
fish
tanks
500
Wood
panels
Eric
2 air
Mackintos pumps
h
200
gallons
fish tank
1x
standard
thermost
at
Perry
2 air
Vanderrun pumps
e
400
gallons
fish tank
3x
standard
thermost
at
Lee A. sun
1 x Carpenter
1 x Aquatics
installer
1 x Electrician
5 x Carpenters
1 x Installation
Manager
1 x Aquatics
installer
1 x Plumber
3 x Labourers
Period of
Staff
assignme
nt
From 1st
Septemb
er 2012
1st June
2005 – 1st
June
2011
10 x Carpenters From 30th
2 x Installation June
Manager
2012
1 x Aquatics
installer
1 x Plumber
3 x Labourers
No staff required
1 x Aquatics
installer
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1st
Septemb
er 2005 –
1st
Septemb
er 2012
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Activity 1
1.1. Identify the user and system requirements to design a database for the above
scenario and design a relational database system using conceptual design (ER Model) by
including identifiers (primary Key) of entities and cardinalities, participations of
relationships. Convert the ER Model into logical database design using relational
database model including primary keys foreign keys and referential Integrities. It should
contain at least five interrelated tables. Check whether the provided logical design is
normalised. If not, normalize the database by removing the anomalies.
(Note:-It is allowed to have your own assumptions and related attributes within the scope of the case study
given)
1.2.
Design set of simple interfaces to input and output for the above scenario using
Wireframe or any interface-designing tool. Evaluate the effectiveness of the given design
(ERD and Logical design) in terms of the identified user and system requirements .
Activity 2
Activity 2.1
a. Develop a relational database system according to the ER diagram you have created
(Use SQL DDL statements). Provide evidence of the use of a suitable IDE to create a
simple interface to insert, update and delete data in the database. Implement
proper security mechanisms in the developed database.
Evaluate the database solution developed and its effectiveness with relevant to the
user and system requirements identified, system security mechanisms (EX: -User
groups, access permissions) and the maintenance of the database.
Activity 2.2
a. Explain the usage of DML with below mentioned queries by giving at least one single
example per each case from the developed database. Assess the usage of the below
SQL statements with the examples from the developed database to prove that the
data extracted through them are meaningful and relevant to the given scenario.
Select/ Where / Update / Between / In / Group by / Order by / Having
Activity 3
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Activity 3.1
Provide a suitable test plan to test the system against user and system requirements. provide
relevant test cases for the database you have implemented. Assess how the selected test
data can be used to improve the effectiveness of testing.
Note:- Learner needs to give expected results in a tabular format and screenshots of the actual results with the
conclusion
Activity 3.2
Get independent feedback on your database solution from the non-technical users and some
developers (use surveys, questioners, interviews or any other feedback collecting method)
and make recommendations and suggestions for improvements in a separate
conclusion/recommendations section.
Activity 4
Produce a technical documentation and a user guide for the developed database system.
Suitable diagrams diagrams (Use case diagram, class diagram, flow charts, DFD level 0 and
1) should be included in the technical documentation to show data movement in the
system.
Assess the developed database by suggesting future enhancements to ensure the
effectiveness of the system.
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Grading Criteria
Achieved
Feedback
LO1 Use an appropriate design tool to design a relational
database system for a substantial problem
P1 Design a relational database system using appropriate
design tools and techniques, containing at least four
interrelated tables, with clear statements of user and system
requirements.
M1 Produce a comprehensive design for a fully functional
system that includes interface and output designs, data
validations and data normalization.
D1 Evaluate the effectiveness of the design in relation to user
and system requirements.
LO2 Develop a fully functional relational database system,
based on an existing system design
P2 Develop the database system with evidence of user
interface, output, and data validations, and querying across
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multiple tables.
P3 Implement a query language into the relational database
system
M2 Implement a fully functional database system that
includes system security and database maintenance.
M3 Assess whether meaningful data has been extracted
using query tools to produce appropriate management
information.
LO3 Test the systems against user and system requirements
P4 Test the system against user and system requirements.
M4 Assess the effectiveness of the testing, including an
explanation of the choice of test data used.
LO2 & LO3
D2 Evaluate the effectiveness of the database solution in
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relation to user and system requirements, and suggest
improvements.
LO4 Produce technical and user documentation
P5 Produce technical and user documentation.
M5 Produce technical and user documentation for a fully
functional system, including diagrams showing movement of
data through the system, and flowcharts describing how the
system works.
D3 Evaluate the database in terms of improvements needed to ensure
the continued effectiveness of the system.
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Table of Contents
Table of Contents.........................................................................................................................1
Acknowledgement.......................................................................................................................1
Summary......................................................................................................................................6
Activity 1.....................................................................................................................................7
1.1
User and System requirements......................................................................................7
1.1.1
Functional requirements........................................................................................7
1.1.2
Nonfunctional requirements..................................................................................8
1.1.3
System Requirement Specification........................................................................8
1.1.4
Design a relational database system using conceptual design (ER Model) by
including identifiers (primary Key) of entities and cardinalities, participations of
relationships.........................................................................................................................9
1.1.5 Convert the ER Model into logical database design using relational database
model.................................................................................................................................10
1.1.6 Check whether the provided logical design is normalised. If not, normalize the
database by removing the anomalies.................................................................................10
1.2 Design sets of simple interfaces to input and output for the above scenario using
Wireframe or any interface-designing tool. Evaluate the effectiveness of the given design
(ERD and Logical design) in terms of the identified user and system requirements............13
1.3 Evaluate the effectiveness of the given design (ERD and Logical design) in terms of
the identified user and system requirements .......................................................................17
Activity 2...................................................................................................................................20
2.1 Develop a relational database system according to the ER diagram you have created
(Use SQL DDL statements)...................................................................................................20
2.1.1 Insert, Update, Delete...............................................................................................25
2.1.2 Implement proper security mechanisms in the developed database.........................27
Umesha Lakshani Kir/A-14790
Database Design and Development
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2.1.3 Evaluate the database solution developed and its effectiveness with relevant to
the user and system requirements identified, system security mechanisms (EX: -User
groups, access permissions) and the maintenance of the database....................................28
Activity 2.2................................................................................................................................29
Activity 3...................................................................................................................................31
Activity 3.1 Provide a suitable test plan to test the system against user and system
requirements. Provide relevant test cases for the database you have implemented. Assess
how the selected test data can be used to improve the effectiveness of testing.....................31
3.1.1 Test plan....................................................................................................................31
3.2 Get independent feedback on your database solution from the non-technical users
and some developers (use surveys, questioners, interviews or any other feedback
collecting method) and make recommendations and suggestions for improvements in a
separate conclusion/recommendations section......................................................................38
Activity 4...................................................................................................................................44
4.1 Screenshots of system......................................................................................................45
4.2 Produce a technical documentation and a user guide for the developed database
system....................................................................................................................................49
4.2.1 Diagrams...................................................................................................................50
Recommendations......................................................................................................................56
Future enhancements.................................................................................................................57
References..................................................................................................................................58
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Database Design and Development
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Table of Figures
Figure 1 Erd Diagram-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9
Figure 2 Relational Schema-----------------------------------------------------------------------------10
Figure 3 Normalizing The Database-------------------------------------------------------------------12
Figure 4 1nf------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12
Figure 5 2nf------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12
Figure 6 2nf – 2-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12
Figure 7 3nf------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------13
Figure 8 Login Form Sample---------------------------------------------------------------------------13
Figure 9 Main Menu Sample----------------------------------------------------------------------------14
Figure 10 Staff Sample-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------14
Figure 11 Staff Type Sample----------------------------------------------------------------------------15
Figure 12 Equipment Sample---------------------------------------------------------------------------15
Figure 13 Equipment Type Sample--------------------------------------------------------------------16
Figure 14 Installation Sample---------------------------------------------------------------------------16
Figure 15 Login Query-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------20
Figure 16 Staff Query------------------------------------------------------------------------------------20
Figure 17 Staff Type Query-----------------------------------------------------------------------------21
Figure 18 Equipment Query-----------------------------------------------------------------------------21
Figure 19 Equipment Type------------------------------------------------------------------------------21
Figure 20 Login Form------------------------------------------------------------------------------------22
Figure 21 Main Menu------------------------------------------------------------------------------------22
Figure 22 Staff Form-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------23
Figure 23 Staff Type Form------------------------------------------------------------------------------23
Figure 24 Equipment Form------------------------------------------------------------------------------24
Figure 25 Equipment Type------------------------------------------------------------------------------24
Figure 26 Installation Form-----------------------------------------------------------------------------25
Figure 27 Insert Statement------------------------------------------------------------------------------26
Figure 28 Update Statement-----------------------------------------------------------------------------26
Figure 29 Delete Statement-----------------------------------------------------------------------------27
Figure 30 Select Command-----------------------------------------------------------------------------29
Figure 31 Update Command----------------------------------------------------------------------------29
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Database Design and Development
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Figure 32 Delete Command-----------------------------------------------------------------------------30
Figure 33 Where Command-----------------------------------------------------------------------------30
Figure 34 Technical Documentation-------------------------------------------------------------------49
Figure 35 Class Diagram--------------------------------------------------------------------------------50
Figure 36 Dfd Level 0------------------------------------------------------------------------------------51
Figure 37 Dfd Level 1------------------------------------------------------------------------------------52
Figure 38 Login Flowchart------------------------------------------------------------------------------53
Figure 39 Add User---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------53
Figure 40 Update User-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------54
Figure 41 Delete User------------------------------------------------------------------------------------54
Figure 42 Use Case Diagram----------------------------------------------------------------------------55
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Database Design and Development
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Acknowledgement
I would like to express my special thanks and gratitude to my lecturer _______________
for giving me full support throughout this module known as Database Design and
Development. Most importantly thank you for giving me sufficient feedbacks for this
assignment. Next, I would like to thank all my friends and parents who assisted me in
completing this assignment successfully
I am overwhelmed in all humbleness and gratefulness to acknowledge my depth to all who
have helped me put these ideas to the assignment. I would like to thank all for collecting
essential data that is suitable for this document. By giving me different ideas was the main
thing that made this assignment unique
Umesha Lakshani Kir/A-14790
Database Design and Development
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Summary
In other words, this assignment known as Database design and development, it fortells
about certain new things that we have never known about
We would be confused when everyone talks about it, mentioning about Databases and all
those stuff. But what is a Database. As we mention about Databases it is known as an
organized collection of data. It is the collection of schemas, tables, queries, reports, views
and other objects. Besides that, although we mentioned about Databases behind all that it’s
barely a design known as Database design.
Database design is the process of producing a detailed data model of a database. This data
model contains all the needed logical and physical design choices and physical storage
parameters needed to generate a design in a data definition language, which can then be
used to create a database. A fully attributed data model contains detailed attributes for each
entity.
It can be used to describe many different parts of the design of an overall database system.
Principally, and most correctly, it can be thought of as the logical design of the base data
structures used to store the data. However, the term database design could also be used to
apply to the overall process of designing, not just the base data structures, but also the
forms and queries used as part of the overall database application within the database
management system
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Database Design and Development
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Activity 1
Identify the user and system requirements to design a database for the above scenario and
design a relational database system using conceptual design (ER Model) by including
identifiers (primary Key) of entities and cardinalities, participations of relationships
1.1 User and System requirements
User requirements – Polly Pipe maybe a water sports provider and installer based in
Braintree, England. they have to create and implement a database that meets the info
requirements. These necessities are defined during this scenario and below are samples of
the paper records that the Polly Pipe preserves. Polly Pipe is concentrated on placing
aquariums at business customers. Customers can request several installations, but each
installation is tailor-made for a selected customer. Facilities are classified by type. One or
more employees are assigned to every facility. Because these facilities are often very large,
they will include carpenters and masons also as water installers. The facilities use
equipment like aquariums, air pumps and thermostats. There are often multiple computers
during a facility. (Author’s work)
System requirements
System Requirements are what the developers use, to build the system. These are the
requirements that involve a much deeper view of the system. System requirements can be
classified as:

Functional requirements

Nonfunctional requirements
1.1.1
Functional requirements
Functionality requirements specify what the system developer needs to include in the
system in order to develop the required system i.e. these are compulsory for the system to
exist.

E.g. All the necessary requirements that the developer needs to have in the system
in order to develop the ‘complete’ system expected by the customer.
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Database Design and Development
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1.1.2
Nonfunctional requirements
They are also called qualities of a system. Non-functional requirements define all the
remaining requirements that are not included in functional requirements. There are many
types of non-functional requirements. There are two types mainly:

Execution qualities: - security and usability, which are observable at run time.

Evolution qualities: - testability, maintainability, extensibility and scalability, which
are embodied in the static structure of the software system.
1.1.3
System Requirement Specification
This is the System Requirement Specification of the Polly Pipe system that is to be
designed. This will provide a summary of the system and why it is built.
The Purpose
The reason for this SRS is to give the software developer who is going to develop the
system for Polly Pipe, a clear idea of what the system should be and what its requirements
should be. It is developed for the basic staff of Polly Pipe so that their manual work that
involves paper-based operations easier. After the software is made the only thing that has to
be done is to update the master database accurately so that the computerized system will
help the employees in their daily office chores.
The Scope
The software helps the staff of Polly Pipe who deals with paper-based operations to keep
track of the equipment and other data up to date and do their respective works efficiently
and accurately, without knowingly or unknowingly misplacing the orders, hence, delaying
the customers to get their orders. (Techtarget, 2021)
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Database Design and Development
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1.1.4
Design a relational database system using conceptual design (ER Model) by including identifiers (primary Key) of entities and
cardinalities, participations of relationships
Figure 1 ERD Diagram
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Database Design and Development
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1.1.5 Convert the ER Model into logical database design using relational database
model
including primary keys foreign keys and referential Integrities. It should contain at
least five interrelated tables.
Figure 2 Relational Schema
1.1.6 Check whether the provided logical design is normalised. If not, normalize the
database by removing the anomalies.
What is Database Normalization?
Database Normalization can be defined as the process of arranging the data into tables in a
manner in which the results of using the database are always explicit as expected. They are
inherent to a relational database. This also has the effect of duplicating data within the
database, hence, results in the creation of an additional database. Certain important
elements form up a database. They are:

Key

Primary Key

Composite Key

Foreign key

Transitive Functional dependency
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Database Design and Development
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What is a key?
A key can be defined as a value to identify a record in a table uniquely. It is a single
column or a combination of multiple columns. Columns in a table that don’t identify a
record particularly are referred as non-key columns.
What is a composite key?
Composite key can be defined as a primary key composed of multiple columns used to
identify a record specifically.
Foreign key
Foreign key can be defined as a column of data in one table that connects to the primary
key data in the original table acting as a bridge.
Transitive Functional dependency
Transitive dependency can be defined as an indirect relationship between values of a table
that
results in functional dependency. In order to achieve the normalization standard of Third
Normal
Form (3NF) any transitive dependency must be eliminated.
Examples of Database Normalization
There are a few methods of Database Normalization. They are:

First Normal Form

Second Normal Form

Third Normal Form

Boyce Codd Normal Form (or 3.5 Normal Form)

5. Fifth Normal Form

6. Sixth Normal Form
But the most widely used forms of Normalization are

First Normal Form

Second Normal Form

Third Normal Form

Boyce Codd Normal Form (or 3.5 Normal Form)
For example, in a rent a car database without any normalization, all information is stored in
one table as shown below.
Name
Phone no
Umesha Lakshani Kir/A-14790
Vehicle No
Vehicle type
Payment type
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Smith
0718562594
CDS-7895
Car
Cash
David
0779564853
NB-3656
Van
Cheque
John
0756594831
BFA-5643
Car
Cash
Figure 3 Normalizing the database
1NF (First Normal Form)
•
Each table cell should contain a single value.
•
Each record needs to be unique.
Name
Phone no
Vehicle No
Vehicle type
Smith
0718562594
CDS-7895
Car
David
0779564853
NB-3656
Van
John
0756594831
BFA-5643
Car
Raj
0776943591
KN-6945
Car
Figure 4 1NF
2NF (Second Normal Form)
•
Rule 1- Be in 1NF
•
Rule 2- Single Column Primary Key
It is clear that we can't move forward to make our simple database in 2nd Normalization
form unless we partition the table above.
Customer ID
Name
Phone no
01
Smith
0718562594
02
David
0779564853
03
John
0756594831
Figure 5 2NF
Customer ID
Vehicle No
01
CDS-7895
02
NB-3656
03
BFA-5643
Figure 6 2NF – 2
I have divided my 1NF table into two Tables viz. Table 1 and Table2. Table 1 contains
customer information. Table 2 contains information on this specific database. We have
introduced a new column called Customer ID which is the primary key for table 1. Records
can be uniquely identified in Table 1 using Customer ID.
3NF (Third Normal Form)
•
Rule 1- Be in 2NF
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•
Rule 2- Has no transitive functional dependencies
To move our 2NF table into 3NF, we again need to divide our table.
Customer ID
Name
Phone no
Payment ID
01
Smith
0718562594
01
02
David
0779564853
02
03
John
0756594831
03
(Author’s work)
1.2 Design sets of simple interfaces to input and output for the above scenario using
Wireframe or any interface-designing tool. Evaluate the effectiveness of the given
design (ERD and Logical design) in terms of the identified user and system
requirements.
Login form of PollyPipe
Figure 7 3NF
Figure 8 login form sample
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Main Menu
Figure 9 Main menu sample
Staff
Figure 10 staff sample
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Staff type
Figure 11 staff type sample
Equipment
Figure 12 equipment sample
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Equipment Type
Figure 13 Equipment type sample
Installation
Figure 14 Installation sample
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1.3 Evaluate the effectiveness of the given design (ERD and Logical design) in terms
of the identified user and system requirements .
The accomplishment of a framework lies on how well it resolves the customers' issues.
Customer responsibility during the improvement of the framework is transforming into a
standard philosophy in the transport of framework convenience reliant upon customer
needs settled in get-together their business targets. The customer network has no hankering
for holding up broad stretches to see new/redesignd framework limits made operational.
Therefore, frameworks/methodologies, for instance, "handy" improvement have ended up
being astoundingly acclaimed. These methodologies require the demonstration of
framework capacities during the headway of the framework. Framework progression
associates present their headway during short social occasions, called "scrums," in which a
sensible picture ascents of the course of occasions of the provisioning of framework limits
that meet customer necessities.
Detectability and Verification Process
A significant evaluation of a construction's ability to meet framework necessities centers
around "recognisability." Traceability is required to endorse that the passed on plan fulfills
the operational need. For example, if a boat is attempted to have a maximum velocity of 32
packs, there should be a path of necessities joined to execution watch that legitimizes the
prerequisite for the additional planning, advancement, and sustainment to give a speed of
32 bundles. The continuum of necessities age and perceptibility is perhaps the main
methodology in the arrangement, improvement, and course of action of limit. Perceptibility
is moreover the foundation for the change technique inside an errand or program. Without
the ability to follow necessities beginning to end, the impact of changes can't be suitably
evaluated. Also, change should be evaluated concerning the beginning to end influence on
various essentials and overall execution (e.g., see the SEG's Enterprise Engineering
fragment). This bidirectional movement of requirements should be supervised carefully all
through an endeavor/program and be joined by a well-directed necessities measure. For
logically effective recognisability, affirmation, and when everything is said in done
necessities the board, it is fitting to use devices open in the business hence.
Prerequisites Flow
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The organized handiness and limits that a framework offers ought to be finished various
periods of necessities (operational, down to earth, and framework) headway and
advancement. Necessities should reinforce more elevated level legitimate exercises and
destinations. It may not be the endeavor's responsibility to follow necessities to greater
association goals. Regardless, it will in general be a best practice in ensuring a motivating
force to the council. In a financing constrained condition, requirements recognisability to
the two plans similarly as progressive destinations is principal to use headway and
sustainment resources. As an element of the requirements perceptibility measure, a need
should stream two distinct ways:

toward greater and dynamically broad progressive goals and

Close to the plan expected to engage the ideal limit.
This beginning to end recognisability ensures an indisputable linkage between progressive
targets and concentrated plans.
Necessities Verification
Since the ability to test and check is a vital part of adventure/program accomplishment,
necessities appended to operational requirements should be delivered all along and kept up
all through the essentials life cycle considering test and affirmation. Appeal on the ability
to test necessities can be incredibly convincing in aiding an endeavor or program.
Frameworks, for instance, prototyping and experimentation can help assess necessities
early and give a significant gadget to coming about affirmation and endorsement. For more
information, see the SEG article Competitive Prototyping.
Test and affirmation plan improvement and execution should be joined directly back to the
principal necessities. This is the way the reasonability of the ideal capacity will be
evaluated before a dealing with decision. Endless collaboration with the accomplice
organization can help recognize accomplishment. All test and check tries should relate
authentically to engaging the treatment of the necessary limit. Making test plans that don't
energize affirmation of required execution are a silly channel on resources and should be
kept an essential separation from.
Before a framework design stage is begun, it should be ensured that the framework
necessities, trapped in vaults or a framework essentials document, can be planned to viable
necessities, for example, in a utilitarian requirements record (FRD). The necessities in the
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FRD should be noticeable to operational requirements, for example, in an operational
essentials document or a limits improvement report. Ensuring this perceptibility improves
the likelihood that the arrangement of the framework will meet the mission needs
articulated in a thought of exercises or possibly the mission needs verbalization of the
program.
Plan Assessment Considerations
The construction of a framework should obviously highlight framework limits that meet
each framework essential. Two-way conspicuousness among construction and framework
necessities engages a higher probability of a viable test consequence of each framework
essential and of the framework generally, similarly as the movement of a significant limit.
As the organization masterminded plan (SOA) approach creates, there is extended
highlight on interfacing framework essentials to unequivocal organizations. Consequently,
the old rarities or parts of framework setup should be packaged such that supports
provisioning of organizations offered inside SOA (expecting that SOA course of action is a
target of an endeavor).
For example, acknowledge that the framework requirements can be accumulated in three
groupings: Ingest, Analysis, and Reporting. To meet framework essentials inside these
classes, the design of the framework needs to highlight each framework part in a manner
that keeps an eye on how it would fulfill the framework necessities for Ingest, Analysis,
and Reporting, independently. The arrangement information should join schematics or
other fitting antiquated rarities that show data, taking care of, and yields of framework
parts that all in all meet framework necessities. Missing a sensible guide demonstrating
how data, getting ready, and yields of a framework section meet a given framework
essential, meeting that specific framework need is at serious risk.
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Activity 2
2.1 Develop a relational database system according to the ER diagram you have
created (Use SQL DDL statements).
Provide evidence of the use of a suitable IDE to create a simple interface to insert,
update and delete data in the database. Implement proper security mechanisms in the
developed database. Evaluate the database solution developed and its effectiveness
with relevant to the user and system requirements identified, system security
mechanisms (EX: -User groups, access permissions) and the maintenance of the
database
The Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is an application that facilitates software
development. In general, an IDE is a GUI- (graphical user interface) based working
environment designed to help a developer build software application in an integrated
environment with all the tools needed. Common features such as debugging, controlling
the copy, and reviewing the data structure help a developer to quickly move things to other
applications without changing them. Therefore, it helps maximize productivity by
providing the user interface (UI) for relevant components and reducing time to learn
languages. An IDE supports single or multiple languages
Login Query
Figure 15 Login query
Staff Query
Figure 16 staff query
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Staff Type Query
Figure 17 Staff type query
Equipment query
Figure 18 Equipment query
Equipment type
Figure 19 Equipment type
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Installation Query
Login form
Figure 20 Login form
Main Menu
Figure 21 Main menu
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Staff Form
Figure 22 Staff form
Staff Type form
Figure 23 Staff type form
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Equipment form
Figure 24 Equipment form
Equipment type form
Figure 25 Equipment type
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Installation form
Figure 26 Installation form
2.1.1 Insert, Update, Delete
The Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is an application that facilitates software
development. In general, an IDE is a GUI- (graphical user interface) based working
environment designed to help a developer build software application in an integrated
environment with all the tools needed. Common features such as debugging, controlling
the copy, and reviewing the data structure help a developer to quickly move things to other
applications without changing them. Therefore, it helps maximize productivity by
providing the user interface (UI) for relevant components and reducing time to learn
languages. An IDE supports single or multiple languages
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Insert statement
Figure 27 insert statement
Update statement
Figure 28 update statement
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Delete statement
Figure 29 delete statement
2.1.2 Implement proper security mechanisms in the developed database.
Database security controls - Database security encompasses multiple controls, including
system hardening, access, DBMS configuration, and security monitoring. These different
security controls help to manage the circumventing of security protocols.
System hardening and monitoring - The underlying architecture provides additional
access to the DBMS. All systems must be patched consistently, hardened using known
security configuration standards, and monitored for access, including insider threats.
DBMS configuration - The DBMS must be properly configured and hardened to take
advantage of security features and limit privileged access that may cause a
misconfiguration of expected security settings. Monitoring the DBMS configuration and
ensuring proper change control processes helps ensure that the configuration stays
consistent.
Authentication - Database security measures include authentication, the process of
verifying if a user’s credentials match those stored in your database, and permitting only
authenticated users access to your data, networks, and database platform.
Access - A primary outcome of database security is the effective limitation of access to
your data. Access controls authenticate legitimate users and applications, limiting what
they can access in your database. Access includes designing and granting appropriate user
attributes and roles and limiting administrative privileges.
Database auditing - Monitoring (or auditing) actions as part of a database security
protocol delivers centralized oversight of your database. Auditing helps to detect, deter, and
reduce the overall impact of unauthorized access to your DBMS.
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Backups - A data backup, as part of your database security protocol, makes a copy of your
data and stores it on a separate system. This backup allows you to recover lost data that
may result from hardware failures, data corruption, theft, hacking, or natural disasters.
Encryption - Database security can include the secure management of encryption keys,
protection of the encryption system, management of a secure, off-site encryption backup,
and access restriction protocols.
Application security - Database and application security framework measures can help
protect against common known attacker exploits that can circumvent access controls,
including SQL injection. (LookerDataSciences, 2021)
2.1.3 Evaluate the database solution developed and its effectiveness with relevant to
the user and system requirements identified, system security mechanisms (EX: -User
groups, access permissions) and the maintenance of the database.
Choosing a data set framework is a significant endeavor and can affect the association. A
few frameworks are being advertised today may not be viewed as effective in quite a long
while. The main advance is the determination cycle and it is an exhaustive comprehension
of client necessities. The powerlessness of a data set can fulfill even a moderately minor
client and may make an extreme information preparing issue. Simultaneously, one should
be mindful so as not to mistake a requirement for accommodation. Another significant
viewpoint is the assessment interaction and the thought should be given to the working
climate in which the information base framework will fit.
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Activity 2.2
Explain the usage of DML with below mentioned queries by giving at least one single
example per each case from the developed database. Assess the usage of the below
SQL statements with the examples from the developed database to prove that the data
extracted through them are meaningful and relevant to the given scenario. Select/
Where / Update / Between / In / Group by / Order by / Having
Data manipulation is the changing of data to make it easier to read or be more organized.
For example, a log of data could be organized in alphabetical order, making individual
entries easier to locate. Data manipulation is often used on web server logs to allow a
website owner to view their most popular pages, and their traffic sources.
Select command
Figure 30 select command
Update command
Figure 31 update command
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Delete command
Figure 32 Delete command
Where command
Figure 33 where command
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Activity 3
Activity 3.1 Provide a suitable test plan to test the system against user and system
requirements. Provide relevant test cases for the database you have implemented.
Assess how the selected test data can be used to improve the effectiveness of testing.
3.1.1 Test plan
Test Case Name : Staff details
System: Polly Pipe management system
Design By : LAKSHANI
Design Date : 3/5/2021
Description: Staff Details form Adding Staff, Update Staff and Delete Staff
Step
Action
User
Expected
Result
1
Adding
Records
Display
Message
Pass
Display
Message
Pass
Display
Message
Pass
2
3
Update
Records
Delete
Records
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System Response
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Pass/
Fail
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Test Case Name : Staff Type details
System: Polly Pipe management system
Design By : LAKSHANI
Design Date : 3/5/2021
Description: Staff Type Details form Adding Staff Type, Update Staff Type and
Delete Staff Type
Step
Action
User
Expected
Result
1
Adding
Records
Display
Message
Pass
Display
Message
Pass
Display
Message
Pass
2
3
Update
Records
Delete
Records
Umesha Lakshani Kir/A-14790
System Response
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Fail
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Test Case Name : Equipment details
System: Polly Pipe management system
Design By : LAKSHANI
Design Date : 3/5/2021
Description: Equipment Details form Adding Equipment, Update Equipment and
Delete Equipment
Step
Action
User
Expected
Result
1
Adding
Records
Display
Message
Pass
Display
Message
Pass
Display
Message
Pass
2
3
Update
Records
Delete
Records
Umesha Lakshani Kir/A-14790
System Response
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Pass/
Fail
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Test Case Name : Equipment Type details
System: Polly Pipe management system
Design By : LAKSHANI
Design Date : 3/5/2021
Description: Equipment Type Details form Adding Equipment Type, Update
Equipment Type and Delete Equipment Type
Step
Action
User
Expected
Result
1
Adding
Records
Display
Message
Pass
Display
Message
Pass
Display
Message
Pass
2
3
Update
Records
Delete
Records
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System Response
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Pass/
Fail
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Test Case Name : Installation details
System: Polly Pipe management system
Design By : LAKSHANI
Design Date : 3/5/2021
Description: Installation Details form Adding Installation, Update Installation and
Delete Installation
Step
Action
User
Expected
Result
1
Adding
Records
Display
Message
Pass
Display
Message
Pass
Display
Message
Pass
2
3
Update
Records
Delete
Records
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System Response
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Fail
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Test Case Name : DDL statements
System: Polly Pipe management system
Design By : LAKSHANI
Design Date : 3/5/2021
Description: Execute database tables and get following results
1
Record
Successfully
Display
Message
2
Syntax
Errors
Display
Message
Object
Errors
Display
Error
Message
3
4
DDL
Statements
Data Type Display
Errors
Error
Message
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Test Case Name : DML statements
System: Polly Pipe management system
Design By : LAKSHANI
Design Date : 3/5/2021
Description: Every DML Query’s execute and get these messages.
Step Action
User
System Response
Expected
Result
1
Insert Record Display
Successfully Message
1
Display
Data
Pass
Display
Massage
Pass
3
Object Errors Display
Error
Massage
Pass
3
Column
Errors
Display
Error
Massage
Pass
4
Table
Definition
don’t Match
Display
Error
Message
Pass
2
Display
Record
Successfully
Syntax
Errors
Pass
/
Fail
Pass
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3.2 Get independent feedback on your database solution from the non-technical users
and some developers (use surveys, questioners, interviews or any other feedback
collecting method) and make recommendations and suggestions for improvements in
a separate conclusion/recommendations section.
Interview Person: Jessica
Interviewer: LAKSHANI
Date: 28th June 2019
Location: Esoft Metro Campus
Very
dissatisfied
Dissatisfied
Neutral
Satisfied
Very
Satisfied
User
Satisfaction
User
friendliness
Performanc
e
Interface
Font
&
Color
Comments:
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………
Future recommendations:
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………
……………………….
Signature
…………………………
Date
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
Was it easy to install this software to your computer?
Yes
No

Is the information provided for the system is easy to understand?
Yes
No

Are the interfaces of the Polly Pipe system pleasant?
Yes
No

Is the system performance good?
Yes
No

Are the colors and the font sizes of the system is comfortable?
Yes
No

Did you have any difficulty when using this system?
Yes
No

Is the system very user friendly?
Yes
No

Is the software successful in performing its task?
Yes
No

Do you think that our system can recommend to other people?
Yes
No

Are you satisfied with the Polly Pipe Management System?
Yes
No
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Interview Person: Nita
Interviewer: LAKSHANI
Date: 28th June 2019
Location: Esoft Metro Campus
Very
dissatisfied
Dissatisfied
Neutral
Satisfied
Very
Satisfied
User
Satisfaction
User
friendliness
Performance
Interface
Font & Color
Comments:
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………
Future recommendations:
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………
……………………….
Signature
…………………………
Date

Umesha Lakshani Kir/A-14790
Database Design and Development
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
Was it easy to install this software to your computer?
Yes
No

Is the information provided for the system is easy to understand?
Yes
No

Are the interfaces of the Polly Pipe system pleasant?
Yes
No

Is the system performance good?
Yes
No

Are the colors and the font sizes of the system is comfortable?
Yes
No

Did you have any difficulty when using this system?
Yes
No

Is the system very user friendly?
Yes
No

Is the software successful in performing its task?
Yes
No

Do you think that our system can recommend to other people?
Yes
No

Are you satisfied with the Polly Pipe Management System?
Yes
No
Umesha Lakshani Kir/A-14790
Database Design and Development
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Interview Person: Yvonne
Interviewer: LAKSHANI
Date: 28th June 2019
Location: Esoft Metro Campus
Very
dissatisfied
Dissatisfied
Neutral
Satisfied
Very
Satisfied
User
Satisfaction
User
friendliness
Performance
Interface
Font & Color
Comments:
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………
Future recommendations:
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………
……………………….
Signature
…………………………
Date
Umesha Lakshani Kir/A-14790
Database Design and Development
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
Was it easy to install this software to your computer?
Yes
No

Is the information provided for the system is easy to understand?
Yes
No

Are the interfaces of the Polly Pipe system pleasant?
Yes
No

Is the system performance good?
Yes
No

Are the colors and the font sizes of the system is comfortable?
Yes
No

Did you have any difficulty when using this system?
Yes
No

Is the system very user friendly?
Yes
No

Is the software successful in performing its task?
Yes
No

Do you think that our system can recommend to other people?
Yes
No

Are you satisfied with the Polly Pipe Management System?
Yes
No
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Activity 4
USER
DOCUMENTATION
FOR
POLLY PIPE
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4.1 Screenshots of system
Login form
Logging in the system using correct username and password
After logging in, the main menu appears
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After entering the menu, the user presses the first form known as Staff
In order to input data, the user can continue to the next form
The next form is based on the equipment. It is shown as follows:
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This specific form has another, and it is based on the type of equipment
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The last and final form is the Installation form
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4.2 Produce a technical documentation and a user guide for the developed database
system
Item
Specification
Quantity
Have to purchase
or Available
Hardware
RAM
3GB
01
Available
Hard disk
3GB
01
Available
Processor
Core i5
01
Available
Windows 7
01
Available
2010
01
Available
2008 R2
01
Available
Software
Operating system
Visual
Ultimate
Sql Server
Studio
Figure 34 Technical documentation
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4.2.1 Diagrams
Class Diagram
Figure 35 class diagram
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DFD level 0
Figure 36 DFD level 0
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DFD level 1
Figure 37 DFD level 1
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Flowchart
Login flowchart
Figure 38 Login flowchart
Add user
Figure 39 add user
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Update user
Figure 40 Update user
Delete user
Figure 41 delete user
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Use case diagram
Figure 42 use case diagram
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Recommendations
Strictly evaluate that the system has been effectively developed and implemented. The
function and how it works have been defined for the administrator and the user who is
visiting, and this gadget is applied to the destination. During the reconnaissance, various
benefits and problems or limitations found in the test equipment. One restriction on topic is
machine safety. The device is programmed in a very simple way, in which the simplest
legal entity can manage the menu. But since you need to have many usernames to log into
the machine, because the device can be used by many users, each consumer really needs
someone to call. To protect any password from unauthorized persons, the password should
be changed regularly. In the case of this machine, the password cannot be changed, when
the same password is used for a long time, anyone can learn it. Another obstacle or
annoyance is that this method no longer provides any useful equipment to produce difficult
copies of output within the print copy type. This machine does not provide this function.
Well, if we also appear in the system, this machine will not generate any backups. The
system may be interrupted due to human error or other technical failures. Therefore, this
can also be considered a problem or a problem inside the device. No intruder inside the
device can reveal this single administrator login, because login requires the most practical
user name and password, and absolutely everyone can analyze and keep it. This may be a
hacking method.
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Future enhancements
The main effort to create this system more user-friendly and creating the system with more
features like advanced graphical user interfaces that will make the user to attract to interact
and helpful to use the system efficiently and effectively. There might be a great advantage
if there is a new feature to add any new fields and details to the management system. This
will reduce in time consumption. An improvement should be done in the way of inserting,
updating and deleting the records in the Polly pipe management system. The user
documentation will give a brief knowledge to the user to interact and should improve the
graphical interfaces in user documentation. If I can make the system more attractive and
user-friendly, it will be more points in development. The Administrator in the Polly pipe
management system should be given more options to increase the security. Finally, by
considering the security in a database. There should be a critical improvement in order to
protect the database form various kinds of threats using different kinds of control
mechanisms
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