DIGITAL BUSINESS TRANSFORMATION
Project Report
Submitted byName
Roll No.
PARAMITA TURUNG
PGP/25/159
KUSHAL J MANJESH
PGP/25/206
MRINMAY PATIR
PGP/25/215
Abstract
During the COVID-19 epidemic, digital change has been impressive. In an effort to combat the
epidemic, some organisations have sped up the deployment of new technologies and
digitalization. The systems for healthcare and medical education have not lagged behind in
adopting new digital technologies. Examples include the use of artificial intelligence and big
data in the administration of big data, e-health and virtual consultations, and the Internet of
Things. Remote learning and the use of educational technologies to enable medical graduate
teaching are part of the educational response. The use of new technology and digital solutions in
the workplace is advantageous in the face of an unprecedented catastrophe, but they also point
the way to a wider adoption of digital solutions outside of the epidemic. This project intends to
highlight Kozhikode Medical College's digital transformation.
Introduction
It would be an understatement to say that the global pandemic has accelerated digital adoption in
a wide range of organisations since 2020. Business executives are now rushing to implement
digital solutions. Emerging technology was the only way to address the sudden requirement for
millions of professionals to manage and support their businesses remotely. Those who were still
debating the merits and negatives were in a situation where they had no choice but to change or
perish.
Digital transformation is the recent trend in the healthcare industry, where people have started
utilising digital assets. It is the process of integrating digital technologies into all facets of the
healthcare industry, including member interactions, payer operations, and provider operations. It
provides increased agility, which enhances operational excellence, the patient experience, and
lowers costs. It is more of a cultural transformation. In the healthcare industry, the necessity for
value-based care is driving a huge shift towards digital transformation. The objective of digital
transformation is to significantly improve a member's health and quality of life.
Kozhikode Medical College
Government Medical College, Kozhikode, also known as Calicut Medical College (CMC), is
a School of Medicine in Kozhikode (formerly Calicut) in the Indian state of Kerala. The
institution opened its doors in 1957, becoming Kerala's second medical school. It is currently
India's largest hospital, with more than 3025 beds. The college, which was formerly connected to
the University of Calicut, is currently a part of the Kerala University for Health Sciences
(KUHS). When applying for admission to M.B.B.S., Calicut Medical College is the most
popular medical school in Kerala at both national and state counselling. One of the biggest
medical schools in India, Calicut Medical College is situated on more than 270 acres of land on
the outskirts of Calicut City.
National Medical Commission (NMC) is an Indian regulatory body of 33 members which
regulates medical education and medical professionals. On September 25, 2020, it succeeded the
Medical Council of India. The Commission accredits medical schools, offers registration to
medical professionals, recognised medical degrees, monitors medical practise, and evaluates
India's medical infrastructure. It is governed by the Ministry of Health of the Central
Government.
It was initially established by an ordinance in January 2019 for a period of six months, and it
later became a permanent statute ratified by the Indian Parliament and later authorised by the
Indian President on August 8, 2019.
There are two hospital cloud/database services.
a) E-Hospital (central government)
b) E-Health (state government)
The two services can store the details of patients but have their own advantages and
disadvantages.
The advantages are present maximum in the E-Hospital service as it is more reliable and
connected to more hospitals. But the problem is with the shortage of adequate training maybe
due to the involvement of the state government’s service.
Furthermore, the college has partnered with Keltron to install 25 CCTV cameras with both
2K and 4K resolutions in the classrooms as well as other areas as instructed by the government.
The 4K cameras are mainly to be installed in the lecture halls.
Still now the attendance is taken by the old traditional way and there is no fingerprint reader. But
the installation of fingerprint readers is also on the way as it is becoming mandatory for all the
doctors and the Postgraduate students to be included in it.
The APS software does all the work. Also, HMIS (Health Management Information
System)
Portal is also present for the information indicators and provisions. This website will provide
access to a plethora of data on India's health indices. The material on this portal is taken from
data that the States/UTs have contributed. Planning, administration, and decision-making based
on the grading of facilities and other indicators at the block, district, state, and national levels are
supported by HMIS data that is specifically created for this purpose. The server of the medical
college is connected to 4 other hospitals. But even though connected, the patient must register
again if he/she comes to a different hospital among these itself.
Solutions to the above problems and the other digitising ways
So, regarding the E-Health vs E-Hospital database/cloud adoption it is better to go ahead
with the E-Hospital database as the Kozhikode medical college need not go ahead with the
locked in boundary info in the E-Health and in the future the information like aadhar card is vital
in any college. So, staff should be trained in such a way that the technical people should be made
aware of this data base and training accordingly.
The old papers are still dusty and is present in the hospital must be converted into digital
records and should be either scanned or typed using a professional typer quickly. This makes it
easier to track down the family members from the huge repository of the government’s database.
Regarding the fingerprint reader and cameras, we know the higher resolution does not
necessarily mean that higher clarity. So, purchasing the cameras from the reputed companies
only for the higher and most important areas should be done. In other areas cameras of even
raspberry pi can also be used if the technicians are comfortable in using linux based OS and is
very cheap too in places just to find how much is the queue, etc. Also, instead of fingerprint
readers, we also suggest facial scanners just in case the palm or hands of the doctor has been
affected by germs during operation, etc, will not affect others.
Interconnection of servers. The server even though interconnected to 4 other hospitals is not
information tied up i.e. even if one person visits one of these has to register again in other
hospital. Again, if he has a central repository, he/she is easily identifiable.
Other digital ways
Click to fill, so no need to type and waste time again for the doctors.
This is a dedicated software, where the doctor whenever types something, the computer suggests
next words or sentences according to his typed words. So, the time is saved as well as he can ask
for more questions to the patients in a short span of time.
Connected Ambulance
A connected ambulance acts as a healthcare provider's assistant by collecting and transmitting all
essential patient data collected via wearables, sensors, and HD cameras to the hospital while
transporting the patient to the appropriate department.
Even before the patient arrives at the hospital, doctors will have access to all the necessary
information that will allow them to perform the necessary operations more quickly and
effectively without wasting valuable time.
Medical representatives and analytics
Connect the servers to the pharma companies to get on time stock of medicines and send medical
reps based on the selling nature of the hospitals. On the basis of that data, the pharma companies
can send the medical representatives and suggest the doctors medicines on based on that.
On-Demand Healthcare Solutions
In the past decade, society has become more mobile, compelling an increasing number of
enterprises to stay abreast of cutting-edge technologies, particularly in the healthcare industry.
Professionals are increasingly ready to work for numerous medical facilities simultaneously, as
opposed to being tied to a single organisation.
It allows physicians to deliver so-called "on-demand" medical services to patients, but only if it
matches their competence, experience, and work schedule. Thus, doctors become more adaptable
in their provision of medical services and are better able to meet the changing demands of their
patients.
Telemedicine department
Patients can book appointments, contact with doctors via video chats on their phones or
computers, and receive comprehensive prescriptions via email, among other features.
Patient Portals
Popular developments in the transformation of healthcare solutions include the development of
healthcare platforms where patients can:
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Review their medical history
Examine prescriptions
Schedule consultations with professionals.
Ask their doctors for a consultation or extra information.
Receive the results of the laboratory
Provide the healthcare provider with their health information.
It includes the most crucial elements we've already described and can be utilised by both
general practitioners and specialists in specialised medical fields.
● However, the implementation of this digital innovation in healthcare is still in its infancy.
According to patient surveys, over forty percent of respondents believe that these
systems' interfaces are still too difficult to interpret and operate.
Fall detection alert
Everybody has a smart watch watch with inbuilt fall detection features. It can be used to connect
to KMC as an alert feature. So, whenever a person falls unconsciously or meets with an accident,
the hospital can be notified after a certain number of seconds to dispatch an ambulance to the
location sent by the smartwatch.
Installation of Cameras
Higher resolution does not mean higher clarity. So 4K cameras can be installed wherever it is
needed for identifying people with a certain distance and 2K cameras for other moderate
importance levels. Raspberry-pi cameras can be used for low priority areas like to check the
length of the queue in front of the counter.
Hospital Intranet Portal
It is a dedicated online portal specifically created for an institution which can send reminders to
doctors, send messages, schedule appointment alerts, emails - that is basically an all-in-one
portal.
Technological cum Medical Research Department
The futuristic researches have to start now to keep KMC as the No. 1 medical college in Kerala.
This will become easy next year as 5G will come to Kerala next year. It facilitates the use of
remote surgery and train surgeons much ahead of other medical colleges.
Advantages of Digital Transformation for Healthcare Organizations
So, what profits and other benefits can medical institutions get from healthcare digital
strategy transformation?
• Workflow optimization - digital healthcare may eliminate paperwork, reduce the time required
for the patient assessment, and offer simpler, more convenient access to accurate patient health
data.
• Provides effective online communication with patients via chats and video conversations for
improved client interaction.
• Reduces expenses – the automation of procedures enables the provision of more cost-effective
services and eliminates the expenditures necessary for traditional healthcare services.
• Create a secure database for electronic medical records - the EMH platform offers access to
encrypted patient health data and its sharing on demand with other specialists and laboratories.
• Advanced communication with medical professionals - utilised for more precise patient
diagnosis, quicker data interchange, and other internal communications.
Advantages of Digital Transformation for Patients And what
patients
can
get
with
digital
solutions
in
healthcare
implementation?
• Better, more individualised healthcare services - the use of digital healthcare enables more
precise health diagnosis as well as more effective treatment.
• Easier access to personal health information - patients can track and manage personal health
data online and receive a comprehensive analysis of their health indicators.
• More convenient appointment scheduling - allowing selecting the most convenient date and
time for a visit, as well as preparing ahead.
• Improved online doctor-patient connection — obtain expert health services via online
chatting or video calls, and receive detailed prescriptions and treatment strategies via email or
their personal portal page.
• Real-time monitoring of essential health parameters with digital healthcare wearables.
Key Elements of Digital-Transformation Acceleration in
Healthcare Industry
● Healthcare providers consider innovative technologies as a way to fully transform
patient service. The majority of medical organisations and enterprises have begun to
integrate technologies to improve the patient experience. They have chosen a
consumer-centric strategy and are redesigning all processes from the patients' point of
view. The primary objective of this strategy is to provide digitised services for improved
patient experiences, establish trustworthy and long-lasting relationships, and boost
customer loyalty.
● Transforming the healthcare industry is a long path, medical providers chase
milestones to generate value. The digitization process is lengthy and can take years.
Numerous firms are still in the process of adopting modern healthcare systems. Typically,
the process takes even longer than initially anticipated by healthcare providers, as the
concept of digital transformation expands steadily over time. Therefore, in order to
evaluate the success of digital projects and to identify any changes in performance,
industry experts develop milestones.
● Finding a workforce for digitization and defining KPIs are the biggest challenges to
deal with. Notably, the lack of specialists that can maintain digital transformation is the
biggest obstacle in their journey. Therefore, acquiring qualified specialists is the top
investment priority for the coming years. In addition, creating attainable and reasonable
KPIs for these specialists is another obstacle to face and conquer.
● Healthcare leaders are instrumental in digitization success. Many representatives of
healthcare systems believe that leadership and efficient management accelerate the
adoption of innovations. It is a determining factor for the success of the digital
transformation journey in healthcare.
Forthcoming Digital Trends in Healthcare Industry
Medical facilities and large medical organisations must reevaluate their business plans and
include the new opportunities and innovative solutions presented by the digital transformation of
healthcare. So, let's now briefly examine the most recent IT trends for hospitals.
● Telemedicine. This incredible solution will continue to grow in popularity. Patients
prefer to communicate with physicians online as opposed to travelling to the hospital. In
the near future, effective online consultations will be accessible to anyone.
● On-demand healthcare. Patients desire healthcare that is completely accessible and
compatible with their schedules. Increasingly, consumers receive all necessary
information online. They search for physicians, select hospitals, and schedule
appointments.
● Big data in healthcare. It makes data management and analysis in healthcare more
efficient than ever before. In addition, it can be utilised to avoid preventable diseases,
lower treatment costs, and possibly predict epidemics.
● Artificial intelligence. AI can dramatically alter the treatment and diagnosis process
while reducing human error. In addition, it can assist organisations in managing
electronic health records (ERPs) and gaining deeper insights in order to provide better
treatment and make educated healthcare decisions.
● Remote workforce utilization. Enables the hiring of additional people regardless of
location, hence increasing competition in the health industry.
● Healthcare unit collaborations. Effective for sharing usage statistics, important health
cases, and the exchange of experiences.
● Unified data exchange platforms. Useful for interactions with many healthcare industry
institutions, including laboratories, hospitals, and insurance companies.
● Healthcare chatbots. Important for enhancing client interactions, giving vital
information in real time, and simplifying internal workflow (automatic appointment
booking, data changes, etc.). In addition, patients can receive immediate responses to the
most frequently asked questions, reducing the strain of medical professionals.
● Digital health environments for new startups. Important for expediting digital health
projects through the use of sophisticated technical training and business mentoring.
Cost Estimation
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4K cameras Hikvision = 4000 * 10 = 40,000 Rupees
2K cameras Hikvision= 1600 * 25 = 40,000 Rupees
Raspberry pi cameras =500* 40 = 20000 Rupees
Face recognition scanner Hikivision = 16000 * 10 = 1,60,000 Rupees
Connected ambulance = 7.5 lakh * 10 = 75 lakhs
Telemedicine interconnected department = 20 lakhs
Patient portal = 10 lakhs
Intranet portal = 10 lakhs
Total = 1.176 Crores = Approximating to 1.35 - 1.5 crores when considering the salary to be
given to the programming people
The left side number on the left side of the multiplier sign is the cost of a single product and
the right side number to the right side of the multiplier sign is the number of devices to be
installed.
Also, the estimated cost has been put slightly higher as the installation will take some time and
the costs of the things can increase due to inflation just in case.
Management challenges
1. Insufficient IT resources
Beyond planning and strategy, a successful digital transition incorporates other factors. It takes a
team of IT professionals to make sure the medical college's digital technologies are configured
properly and securely.
However, assembling these teams is becoming more and more challenging for all firms. A skills
gap is emerging as more organizations worldwide pursue digital adoption, and many are having
trouble finding the specialists they want in crucial fields like cybersecurity, enterprise
architecture, and advanced data analytics.
Solution: Businesses can outsource their IT expertise as a very cost-effective and efficient
approach to fill up any skill gaps rather than dealing with a labour shortage and attempting to
hire new staff. Employing a company like AccountabilIT as an IT service provider gives
enterprises access to cutting-edge technology and a team of IT professionals with years of
experience guiding them through the digital transformation process.
2. Issues with cybersecurity
Data security is undoubtedly a major concern when it comes to implementing new technology
and processes in healthcare. It's natural for managers to be apprehensive about digital
transformation because it often entails relocating an organization's security solutions to the cloud
and consolidating all data.
However, one element of a successful digital transformation is overcoming these potential issue
places.
Solution: Digital transformation is most problematic when a company lacks the knowledge to
effectively implement and oversee new systems. The most effective approach frequently entails
bringing in a team coming from external cybersecurity specialists who can ensure a successful
and secure migration and, in many circumstances, remain to supervise the continuing
management of the cybersecurity.
3. Aversion to Change
According to a survey, the majority of healthcare workers acknowledge that their busy schedules
prevent them from taking part in training for new technologies.
However, ironically, they frequently devote hours to administrative work at hospitals that could
be easily automated through digital transformation.
By definition, digital transformation involves altering how professionals and healthcare
organisations think and work. Therefore, it is essential to overcome the mindset of resistance to
change before starting the journey of digital transformation.
Solution: Train Staff and Stakeholders with New Software. It may appear challenging to
familiarise the personnel and stakeholders with new software created during the digital
transformation process. Making participation in the training programme a high priority is
necessary in order to successfully train the staff and stakeholders on how to use new software.
Respecting the time and already hectic schedules of the employees and stakeholders is essential
to enlist their participation in the training programme. Therefore, it's advisable to give lots of
advance notice and set precise and realistic dates for the new software training programme. Give
the staff and stakeholders space and time to consider the change. For example send a link to it via
an email to everyone and encourage them to see it before the next staff meeting, for instance, if
the hospital is about to launch a new patient portal. Even better, one might urge them to bring
any inquiries they might have that the training course can answer.
4. Digital Transformation Budget
The expenses of a digital transformation can be a barrier for organizations with weak
transformation strategy, even though it is an investment that is worthwhile. Making wise
financial decisions can be challenging if the income and expenses are not clearly understood.
This is especially valid for tasks with numerous moving elements. Furthermore, it might be
simple to fall victim to scope creep and make judgments that lead to excessive expenses if the
company doesn't have a clear plan in place. This could quickly strain your financial situation and
make it challenging to meet your deadline.
Solution: Creating a clear plan that everyone in the company can follow is one of the best
methods to keep the finances in line. Budgeting is simpler when there is a plan in place and can
adhere to it. If not, organisations may run the danger of adopting choices that would raise the
expenses without yielding any advantages. One may save money and keep the company on track
by taking the time to design a strategy.
5. Uncertain Digital Transformation Strategy
The term "digital transformation" has gained common parlance as the healthcare business has
become more and more digital. Despite all the rhetoric of digital transformation, it is still very
unclear what it exactly includes. Of course, using new technology alone is insufficient. One
needs to reevaluate every aspect of the medical college in order to truly transform it. Too
frequently, management begins digital transformations without a clear understanding of their
goals. As a result of having unrealistic expectations and vague aims, many transformations fall
short of their potential. Planning ahead and having a clear goal in mind are essential for a
successful digital transition.
Solution: The medical college is constantly looking for methods to enhance its operations, and
the first step in enhancing operations is determining where improvements are required. It is vital
to look closely at its objectives and top priorities in order to accomplish that. It's possible that
there are antiquated procedures or systems in place that can be upgraded. Perhaps the
development is being hampered by a lack of transparency or communication.
Conclusion
The potential of information technology to revolutionise service delivery is underutilised. In light
of the growth of noncommunicable diseases in both the developing and developed worlds, the
demand is significantly greater. Priority is placed on the digitization of hospitals in order to
enhance their effectiveness, efficiency, and quality of services. The majority of public and private
hospitals have begun this process. Nevertheless, the strategy is scattered and disjointed. There is
a need to build a framework that addresses thoroughly the planning, implementation, and
monitoring of hospital operations' digitization. It will improve quality of healthcare not just for
one sickness episode treated in a hospital but management of healthcare in every stage of human
life.
References
https://www.govtmedicalcollegekozhikode.ac.in/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_Medical_College,_Kozhikode
https://www.flipkart.com/ - Price estimation
https://www.amazon.in/ - Price estimation
https://www.intellectsoft.net/
https://www.researchgate.net/