Presentation On
SOLAR CELLS
Bachelor of Technology
In
Electrical Engineering
By- sejal chaudhary (2100430200039)
Under Guidance
Er. Akansha Kaushal
Department of Electrical Engineering
Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering & Technology (An Autonomous Institute) Jhansi (U.P.)India 284128
CONTENT
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INTRODUCTION : SOLAR CELL
WORKING MECHANISM
GENERATION OF SOLAR CELL
DIFFERENT TYPES OF SOLAR CELL
EFFICIENCY
APPLICATIONS OF SOLAR CELL
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF SOLAR
CELL
INTRODUCTION
• Earth recieves an incredible supply of solar energy.
• Sun is a fusion reactor that has been burning over 4
billion years.
• Provides enough energy in 1 minute to supply the
worlds energy needs for 1 year.
• Solar energy-free ,inexhaustible resources,yet
harnessing it is a relatively new idea.
• Biggest jumps in efficiency came with the
advancement of the transtion and accompanying semi
counductor technology.
WORKING MECHANISM :• When a solar panel exposed
to sunlight,the light energies
are
absorbed
by
a
semicounductor materials.
• Due to this absorbed
energy,the electrons are
linerated and produce the
external dc current.
• The DC current is converted
into 240-volt AC current
using an inverter for different
applications.
FIG 1.1
TYPES OF SOLAR CELL
Based on the types of crystal used,solar cells can be classified as,
1) Monocrystalline silicon cells
2) Polycrystalline silicon cells
3) Amorphous silicon cells
• The monocrystalline silicon cell is produced from pure silicon
(single crystal).Since the Monocrystalline silicon is pure and the
efficiency of cell will be higher.
• In polycrystalline solar cell, liquid silicon is used as raw material
and polycrystalline silicon was obtained followed by soldification
process.The material contain various crystalline sizes. Hence, the
efficiency of this type of cell is less than monocrystalline cell.
• Amorphous silicon was obtained by deposting silicon film
on the substrate like glass plate.
The layer thickness amounts to less thsn 1micrometer the thickness of a human hair for comparison is 50100micrometer.
The efficiency of amorphous cells is much lower than that
of the other two cells types.
As a result, they are used mainly in low power
euipment,such as watches and pocket calculators,or as
facade elements.
EFFICIENCY
• The efficiency is the most commonly used parameter to compare the
performance of one solar cell to another.
• Efficiency is defined as the ratio of energy output from the solar cell to input
energy from the sun.
• In addition to reflecting the performance of the solar cell itself, the efficiency
depends on the spectrum and intensity of the incident sunlight and the
temperature of the solar cell.
• Therefore, conditions under which efficiency is measured must be carefully
controlled in order to compare the performance of one device to another.
Terrestrial solar cells are measured under AM1.5 conditions and at a
temperature of 25 C.
• Solar cells intended for space use are measured under AM0 conditions.
APPLICATIONS OF SOLAR ENERGY
 Domestic power supply.
 Electric power generation in
space.
 Drying agricultural products.
 Solar pumps are used for
water supply.
 Water heating.
 Generating electrical power.
 To providing electrical power
to satellites.
FIG 1.2
ADVANTAGES OF SOLER CELLS
 It is clean and non-polluting.
 It is a renewable energy.
 Solar cells do not produce
noise and they are totally
silent.
 They
require
very
little
maintenance.
 They have long life time.
 There are no fuel costs or fuel
supply problems.
FIG 1.3
DISADVANTAGES OF SOLAR CELL
Solar cells are very expensive.
Energy has not be stored in batteries.
Air pollution and weather can affect the production of
electricity.
Thet need large area of land to produce more efficient
power supply.
Sun does not shine consistently.
Less efficiently and costly eqipment.
Relibility depends on location.
CONCLUSION
Solar energy is a clean ,pollution free and renewable
source of energy.Development of this source of
energy requires an accurate detailed long-term
knowledge of the potential taking into account
seasonal varaitions.
REFERENCES
• https://electricalengineering123.com/solar-cellconstruction-working• principle/https://www.jlankatech.com/generations-of-solarcells/
• https://greener4life.com/blog/solar-cells-advantages-anddisadvantages