Topographical anatomy
of the neck
Neck border:
Upper border - along the edge of the lower jaw to its angle,
then to the apex of the mastoid process and then along the
upper nuchal line to the external occipital protrusion;
Lower border - along the jugular notch of the sternum, the
upper edge of the clavicle to the acromial process of the
scapula, and then along the conditional line drawn to the
spinous process of the VII cervical vertebra.
Triangles of the neck.
1 — trigonum submentale; 2 — trigonum caroticum; 3 — trigonum omotracheale;
4 — trigonum omotrapezoideum; 5 — trigonum omoclaviculare;
6 — trigonum submandibulare; 7 — regio sternocleidomastoidea;
8 — m. digastricus; 9 — m. omohyodeus.
Fascias of neck
Fascia of neck
Shevkunenko’s Classification
1
2
3
Fascia superficialis
Fasciae colli propia
(lamina superficialis fasciae colli propiae)
- Capsule of m. platysma
- Capsules of m. sternocleidomastoideus, m.
trapezius,
- Capsule of Glandula submandibularae.
Fascia omoclavicularae
-Capsules of mm. sternohyoidei, sternothyroidei,
(lamina profunda fasciae colli propriae)
thyrohyoidei, omohyoidei
Fascia endoservicalis:
4
What forms
a) lamina parietalis
b) lamina visceralis
- Capsule of a. carotis communis, v. jugularis interna,
n. vagus,
- Capsule of Glandula thyroidea,
- Capsule for organs of neck
- Capsule of mm. longus colli, longus capitis, scaleni
5
Fascia prevertebralis
anterior, medius et posterior, levator scapulae
- Capsule of plexus brachials, a. et v. subclaviae
Cellular spaces of the neck
Cellular spaces
What is formed
1
Capsulу of m. sternocleidomastoideus
2 fascia
2
Capsulуof Glandula submandibularae
2 fascia
3
Capsule of the main vascular-nervous bundle of the
neck
4 fascia
4
The space of the lateral triangle of the neck
2 и 5 fascias
5
Gruber's blind bag
2 и 3 fascias
6
Suprasternal interaponeurotic space
2 и 3 fascias
7
8
9
4 fascia
Previsceral cellular space
Retrovisceral cellular space
(between its layers)
4 и 5 fascias
5 fascia
Prevertebral cellular space
(behind her)
Cervical part of thoracic duct.
Laryngs
Skeletotopy
Newborn - C2-C4
Early childhood - C4-C6
By 6 years - the upper edge of C5
lower edge of C6
The incisions in the neck
Characteristics of neck wounds:
1. Wound channel has a crimped shape;
2. The possibility of damage to large vessels;
3. The possibility of damage to large nerve
formations;
4. Wound infection;
5. Possibility of respiratory failure.
Vagosympathetic block
Tracheostomy
Resection of thyroid gland