STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION
Evaluation Exam
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each
of the following questions. Mark only one answer
for each item by shading the box corresponding to
the letter of the correct answer.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
A 2-N weight is swung in a vertical circle of 1m radius at the end of the cable that will
brake if the tension exceeds 500 N. Find the
angular velocity of the weight when the
cable breaks.
a.
254 rpm
c. 472 rpm
b. 394 rpm
d. 502rpm
What horizontal force can be applied to a
100-kg block in a level surface with a
coefficient of friction of 0.2, which will cause
an acceleration of 2.5 m/s2?
a.
244.5 N
c. 100.8 N
b. 446.2 N
d. 507.1 N
Three forces 20 N, 30 N and 40 N are in
equilibrium. Find the angle between the 30 N
and 40 N forces.
a.
28.96O
c. 21.65O
O
b. 32.72
d. 30.84O
A force of 200 lb acts on a block at an angle
of 280 with respect to the horizontal. The
block is pushed 2 feet horizontally. What is
the work done by this force?
a.
230 J
c. 328 J
b. 510 J
d. 480 J
A metal specimen 36-mm in diameter has a
length of 360 mm. A force of 300 kN
elongates the length by 1.2 mm. What is the
modulus of elasticity?
a.
95.35 GPa
c. 99.89 GPa
b. 88.42 GPa
d. 100.23 GPa
13. What maximum torque can be applied to a
solid 115 mm diameter shaft if its allowable
torsional shearing stress is 50.23 MPa
a.
20 kN-m
c. 30 kN-m
b. 15 kN-m
d. 25 kN-m
14. A solid circular steel column is to be design
to carry an axial load of 620 kN. If the
allowable axial stress is 46 MPa, what
diameter of column is required?
a.
151 mm
c. 141 mm
b. 121 mm
d. 131 mm
15. A cantilever beam 3 m long carries a
distributed load that varies uniformly from
40 kN/m at support to 20 kN/m at the tip.
Determine the maximum moment.
a.
120 kN-m
c. 150 kN-m
b. 130 kN-m
d. 140 kN-m
SITUATION III
The allowable stresses for the splice shown are
the following: 150 MPa for shear of rivets, 1.35Fy
for bearing, 0.60Fy for tension and Fy = 250 MPa.
Note: rivet holes are 2 mm bigger than the rivet
diameter and the middle plate is 20 mm thick.
How long will it take to reach the ground?
a.
4.28 s
c. 2.86 s
b. 6.25 s
d. 5.54 s
7.
How far would it reach horizontally?
a.
210 m
c. 214 m
b. 222 m
d. 219
8.
How high will it reach at it reaches zero
velocity?
a.
21.89 m
c. 24.87 m
b. 22.63 m
d. 22.48 m
9.
A 300 kg box impends to slide down a ramp
inclined at angle of 25O with the horizontal.
What is the frictional resistance?
a.
2341.76 N
c. 1243.76 N
b. 1234.67 N
d. 1432.67 N
SITUATION II
A mild steel column is hollow and circular in cross
section with an external 350 mm and internal
diameter of 300 mm. It carries a compressive axial
load of 2000 kN.
10. Which of the following most nearly gives the
direct shear stress in the column?
a.
79.3 MPa
c. 76.8 MPa
b. 77.5 MPa
d. 78.4 MPa
11. Which of the following gives the shortening
of the column if its initial height is 5 m?
a.
1.69 mm
c. 1.96 mm
b. 1.73 mm
d. 1.85 mm
12. A 150 mm x 250 mm timber beam is
subjected to a maximum moment of 28 kNm. What is the maximum bending stress?
a.
15.72 MPa
c. 24..23 MPa
b. 17.92 MPa
d. 18.97 MPa
SITUATION VI
An elevator weighing 9.8 kN moves upward from
rest until it attains a velocity of 20 m/s after it
travels a distance of 5 m.
25. Which of the following gives the acceleration
of the elevator?
a.
30 m/s2
c. 55 m/s2
2
b. 40 m/s
d. 60 m/s2
26. Which of the following gives the time which
the elevator travels at this instant?
a.
0.2 s
c. 0.5 s
b. 0.7 s
d. 1.2 s
27. Which of the following gives the tension in
the cable supporting the elevator?
a.
49.77 kN
c. 76.89 kN
b. 97.46 kN
d. 64.79 kN
SITUATION VII
The hanger for each chandelier in the grand
ballroom of a five – star hotel is composed of a 2
m diameter ring weighing 2.5 kN/m and is
supported by 6 rods such that said ring will be 3 m
below the ceiling support.
SITUATION I
A rock is thrown at a level ground with an angle of
inclination of 22.78O and initial velocity of 54.23
m/s.
6.
SITUATION V
A floor opening in a building is to be closed by
pouring a concrete slab. The proposed framing is
composed of wood joist assumed to be simply
supported and given with a total load of 4 kPa.
23. What is the maximum flexural stress in 40
mm x 190 mm wood joist if its span is 3 m
and spaced at every 0.30 m on centers?
a.
5.61 MPa
c. 6.78 MPa
b. 7.23 MPa
d. 4.65 MPa
24. What is the maximum shearing stress in the
said joists?
a.
0.40 MPa
c. 0.36 MPa
b. 0.69 MPa
d. 0.54 MPa
28. Find the tension in each rod.
16. Find the diameter of the rivets so that the
joint capacity due to shear approximately
equal to the bearing capacity.
a.
25.4 mm
c. 28.65 mm
b. 30.79 mm
d. 36.97 mm
17. Find the maximum safe value of P without
exceeding the allowable shearing stress
a.
773.6 kN
c. 938.3 kN
b. 878.1 kN
d. 848.2 kN
18. Find the maximum safe value of P without
exceeding the allowable tensile stress.
a.
579.3 kN
c. 716.1 kN
b. 495.5 kN
d. 692.5 kN
a.
b.
1.72 kN
3.38 kN
c. 2.76 kN
d. 2.62 kN
29. What is the minimum required diameter of
each rod without exceeding the allowable
stress 124 MPa.
a.
5.32 mm
c. 6.70 mm
b. 4.41 mm
d. 3.09 mm
30. A square tied column 400 mm on each side is
reinforced with 8 – 25 mm bars with fy = 275
MPa. Assuming fc’ = 22 MPa, determine the
ultimate axial load capacity of this column.
a.
2250 kN
c. 2243 kN
b. 2239 kN
d. 2356 kN
31. A reinforced concrete spiral column having a
SITUATION IV
A rocket was fired at 350 m/s from a level ground
at an angle to reach a maximum range.
19. Compute the total time of flight.
a.
b.
15.75 s
50.46 s
c. 46.38 s
d. 37.91 s
20. Find the range.
a.
b.
12,487.26 m
11,876.90 m
c. 9,174.21 m
d. 14,294.55 m
21. Find the maximum height reached by the
rocket.
a.
4197.25 m
b. 1876.90 m
c. 3121.82 m
d. 2294.11 m
22. A simply supported wooden beam 120 mm x
180 mm and 6 m long carries a uniformly
distributed load of 4 kN/m. Determine the
horizontal shearing stress developed at layer
30 mm from the top for a section 1 m from
the left support.
a.
350 kPa
c. 246 kPa
b. 309 kPa
d. 450 kPa
diameter of 500 mm carries an ultimate load
of 5000 kN. If fc’ = 25 MPa and fy = 400 MPa,
find the number of 28 mm diameter bars.
a.
16
c. 17
b. 18
d. 19
SITUATION VIII
A rectangular footing, 0.70 m thick, 2.5 m wide
along the y-axis and 3 m long along x-axis,
supports concentrically a column 0.40 m square
subjected to the following loads:
Axial load = 1200 kN
Moment about the y-axis = 360 kN-m
32. Determine the maximum soil pressure.
a.
256 kPa
c. 188 kPa
b. 268 kPa
d. 215 kPa
33. Determine the minimum soil pressure.
a.
64 kPa
c. 56 kPa
b. 49 kPa
d. 72 kPa
SITUATION IX
A rectangular beam has a width of 300 mm and an
effective depth of 500 mm. The beam has a span
of 6 m. If fy =280 MPa and fc’ = 28 MPa:
34. Which of the following most nearly gives the
balanced steel ratio?
a.
0.0532
c. 0.0576
b. 0.0493
d. 0.0345
35. Which of the following most nearly gives the
maximum steel area allowed by the code?
a.
4571 mm2
c. 7645 mm2
2
b. 8659 mm
d. 5546 mm2
SITUATION X
A 6 m simply supported reinforced concrete
rectangular beam is 250 mm wide. The total depth
is 600 mm and the effective depth is 500 mm. It is
reinforced for tension only with 4 – 20 mm
diameter bars. It carries a 120 mm thick slab and 6
m wide. The weight of concrete is 24 kN/m3. fy =
280 MPa and fc’ = 30 MPa. The beam is to be
analyzed using the strength design method.
36. Which of the following nearly gives the total
uniform unfactored service dead load?
a.
15.36 kN/m c. 20.88 kN/m
b. 17.69 kN/m d. 19.67 kN/m
37. Which of the following most nearly gives the
nominal capacity of the beam?
a.
166.22 kN-m c. 156.7 kN-m
b. 173.69 kN-m d. 149.6 kN-m
38. Which of the following most nearly gives the
unfactored uniform live load capacity of the
beam?
a.
6.57 kN/m
c. 8.57 kN/m
b. 7.56 kN/m
d. 5.12 kN/m
SITUATION XI
An 8 m simply supported footbridge consists of
logs of constant diameters. Each log must be
capable of carrying a uniform load of 12 kN/m.
Allowable stresses are 8.5 MPa for bending and
0.82 MPa for shear and maximum allowable
deflection is L/240. Neglect the log weight. Use Ew
= 12000 MPa.
39. What is the required log diameter not to
exceed the allowable flexural stress?
a.
435 mm
c. 390 mm
b. 460 mm
d. 490 mm
40. Which of the following most nearly gives the
diameter not to exceed the allowable
shearing stress?
a.
300 mm
c. 310 mm
b. 320 mm
d. 290 mm
41. Which of the following gives the diameter of
the log not to exceed the maximum
deflection?
a.
420 mm
c. 425 mm
b. 320 mm
d. 300 mm
42. Which of the following is the most suitable
diameter of log to be used in the footbridge?
a.
460 mm
c. 490 mm
b. 425 mm
d. 320 mm
SITUATION XII
The following are design data for a column
footing:
Column size = 450 mm x 450 mm
Column load: DL = 1000 kN
LL = 780 kN
Soil bearing capacity = 240 kPa
Depth of footing = 1.5 m
Concrete unit weight = 24 kN/m3
Soil unit weight = 18 kN/m3
Thickness of the footing slab = 600 mm
Steel covering = 100 mm
43. Find the effective soil pressure.
a.
230.1 kPa
c. 227.5 kPa
b. 221.3 kPa
d. 209.4 kPa
44. Find the minimum safe dimension of the
isolated square footing.
a.
3.86 m
c. 2.92 m
b. 2.81 m
d. 2.78 m
45. Find the ultimate soil pressure at the bottom
of the footing.
a.
420.12 kPa
c. 189.54 kPa
b. 287.11 kPa
d. 332.19 kPa
SITUATION XIII
A structural member 2 m long, found to be 1.5
mm short when positioned in a framework. To
enable the member to be fitted, it is heated
uniformly along its length. E = 200 GPa, coefficient
of thermal expansion a= 0.000012 /OC.
46. Which of the following gives the necessary
temperature rise to enable the member to
be fitted?
a.
59.5OC
c. 38.6OC
O
b. 72.8 C
d. 62.5OC
47. Which of the following gives the strain of the
member?
a.
0.075
c. 0.75
b. 0.0075
d. 0.00075
48. Which of the following gives the residual
stress in the member when it cools to its
original temperature?
a.
100 MPa
c. 150 MPa
b. 200 MPa
d. 250 MPa
SITUATION XIV
Steel railroad rail 10 m long are laid with a
clearance of 3 mm at a temperature of 15OC.
Coefficient of thermal expansion a= 11.7 x 10-6
/OC, E = 200 GPa.
49. Which of the following gives the
temperature when the rails will just touch?
a.
35.46oC
c. 25.64OC
b. 40.64OC
d. 50.62OC
50. Which of the following gives the stress that
will be induced in the rails at that
temperature if there were no initial
clearance?
a.
54 MPa
c. 48 MPa
b. 80 MPa
d. 60 MPa
51. Which of the following gives the gap
between rails at a temperature of 30OC?
a.
1.245 mm
c. 1.755 mm
b. 2.215 mm
d. 1.435 mm
SITUATION XV
For the given frame shown, analyze using
cantilever method:
56. A simply supported beam carries a uniform
load of 24 kN/m. Use E = 200 GPa and I = 240
x 106 mm4. Determine the deflection at a
point 4 m from the left support.
a.
78 mm
c. 62 mm
b. 58 mm
d. 45 mm
57. A reinforced concrete T- beam is to be
designed for tension reinforcement only. The
beam width is 250 mm and effective depth is
400 mm. The flange thickness is 100 mm and
its effective flange width is 900 mm. The
applied moment is 300 kN-m. Determine the
area of tension steel reinforcement required.
Use fc’ = 20.7 MPa and fy =414 MPa.
a.
4094 mm2
c. 5105 mm2
2
b. 2166 mm
d. 3983 mm2
SITUATION XVI
A certain area is found to have the following
properties:
Ix = 100 x 106 mm4
Iy = 60 x 106 mm4
Ixy = 15 x 106 mm4
58. Find the minimum moment of inertia.
a.
65 x 106
c. 40 x 106
6
b. 55 x 10
d. 30 x 106
59. Determine the maximum moment of inertia.
a.
b.
105 x 106
120 x 106
c. 130 x 106
d. 115 x 106
60. Find the angle that weakest axis makes with
the x-axis.
a.
10.35O
b. 15.34O
c. 21.84O
d. 18.44O
SITUATION XVII
A spiral column has a diameter of 600 mm. If fc’ =
21 MPa and fy = 275 MPa:
61. Which of the following gives the minimum
diameter of spiral reinforcement?
a.
10 mm
c. 12 mm
b. 16 mm
d. 20 mm
62. Which of the following gives the minimum
number of longitudinal bars?
a.
5
c. 8
b. 4
d. 6
63. Which of the following gives the percentage
of spiral ratio?
a.
1.139%
b. 1.346%
c. 1.246%
d. 1.742%
52. Which of the following gives the axial load
for column BD?
a.
22.5 kN
b. 62.5 kN
c. 82.5 kN
d. 45 kN
53. Which of the following gives the shear at
column DF?
a.
45 kN
b. 95 kN
c. 30 kN
d. 50 kN
54. Which of the following gives the moment at
support B?
a.
160 kN-m
b. 150 kN-m
SITUATION XVIII
A projectile is fired upward to the right at an initial
slope of 4 vertical and 3 horizontal and hits the
ground at a point 2 m higher than the origin. The
maximum height is attained 8 m away from the
origin.
64. What is the initial velocity in kph?
a.
12.79
c. 54.35
b. 37.65
d. 46.04
65. Determine the range of the projectile.
c. 140 kN-m
d. 120 kN-m
a.
b.
12.46 m
18.76 m
c. 14.33 m
d. 20.82 m
66. Find the total time of flight.
55. A 100 x 300 mm rectangular beam carries a
uniformly distributed load of w kN/m over
its entire simple span. If the maximum
allowable bending stress is 8.27 MPa and
maximum allowable shearing stress is 0.70
MPa, determine the safe span of the beam.
a.
3.544 m
c. 2.554 m
b. 3.854 m
d. 3.124 m
a.
b.
2.27 s
1.87 s
c. 1.56 s
d. 2.80 s
SITUATION XIX
A prismatic beam is loaded as shown;
67. Which of the following gives the deviation at
A, tA/C, from the tangent drawn at C?
a.
4700/3EI
c. 2670/EI
b. 367/3EI
d. 467/EI
68. Which of the following gives the deviation at
D, tD/C, from the tangent drawn at C?
a.
-100/3EI
c. -1600/3EI
b. -200/3EI
d. -2560/3EI
69. Which of the following gives the deflection
at D?
a.
97/3EI
b. 280/3EI
c. 89/3EI
d. 366/3EI
SITUATION XX
A concurrent force system in space is composed of
three forces that act through the origin and the
following points. P1 = 126 kN (-1, 5, -3), P2 = 93 kN
(5, -4, 6), and P3 = 38 kN(4, 1, -3).
70. Which of the following most nearly gives the
x-component of the resultant force?
a.
48.0 kN
c. 32.9 kN
b. 57.4 kn
d. 61.5 kN
71. Which of the following most nearly gives the
y – component of the resultant force?
a.
84.52 kN
c. 65.60 kN
b. 71.55 kN
d. 93.20 kN
72. Which of the following most nearly gives the
magnitude of the resultant force?
a.
82.5 kN
c. 73.4 kN
b. 97.0 kN
d. 61.8 kN
73. The properties of a given steel section are as
a.
b.
0.58 MPa
0.48 MPa
c. 1.33 MPa
d. 0.86 MPa
82. A truck has wheel loads of 10 kN, 20 kN and
30 kN, separated at a distance 3 m and 5 m
respectively. The truck crosses a bridge
having a simple span of 15 m. What is the
maximum shear on the beam of the bridge
due to moving loads?
a.
32 kN
c. 52 kN
b. 48 kN
d. 36 kN
SITUATION XXII
The concurrent forces shown are in equilibrium.
83. Which of the following most nearly gives the
resultant of the 200-N and 400-N forces?
a.
600 N
c. 300 N
b. 200 N
d. 250 N
follows; A = 6000 mm2, Ix = 50 x 106 mm4, Iy =
120 x 106 mm4, Ixy = 75 x 106 mm4. Compute
the minimum radius of gyration.
a.
19.32 mm
c. 21.36 mm
b. 22.43 mm
d. 15.48 mm
74. What is the angle of twist for a solid
aluminum rod 100 mm in diameter
subjected to a twisting moment of 10 kN-m.
The rod is 3 m long. G = 80 GPa.
a.
2.93O
c. 3.29O
b. 2.19O
d. 1.35O
84. Which of the following most nearly gives the
SITUATION XXI
A steel rod having a cross sectional area of 300
mm2 and a length of 150 m is suspended vertically
from one end. It supports a tensile load of 20 kN
at the lower end. The unit mass of steel is 7850
kg/m3 and E = 200 GPa.
75. Which of the following gives the elongation
of the rod due to its weight?
a.
8.7 mm
c. 4.3 mm
b. 6.3 mm
d. 5.4 mm
76. Which of the following gives the elongation
of the rod due to the tensile load?
a.
60 mm
c. 40 mm
b. 45 mm
d. 50 mm
77. Which of the following gives the total
elongation of the rod?
a.
58.7 mm
c. 54.3 mm
b. 56.3 mm
d. 55.4 mm
a doubly reinforced rectangular concrete
beam having the following properties:
b = 350 mm
fy =345 MPa
d = 600 mm
As = 3265 mm2
d’ = 63 mm
As’ = 775 mm2
fc’ = 27.5 MPa
a.
501.4 kN-m c. 551.2 kN-m
b. 587.7 kN-m d. 606.3 kN-m
SITUATION XXII
A solid shaft in a rolling mill transmits 20 kW at 2
revolutions per second. The length of the shaft is 3
m and modulus of rigidity is 83,000 MPa.
78. Which of the following gives the torque
carried by the shaft?
a.
1.59 kN-m
c. 2.69 kN-m
b. 3.45 kN-m
d. 4.81 kN-m
79. Which of the following gives the minimum
diameter so that the allowable torsional
shearing of 40 MPa will not be exceeded?
a.
88 mm
c. 59 mm
b. 45 mm
d. 76 mm
80. Which of the following gives the minimum
diameter so that the allowable angle of twist
of 6O will not be exceeded?
a.
29 mm
c. 35 mm
b. 49 mm
d. 55 mm
81. A triangular wooden beam width of 150 mm
base and 300 mm height carries two
concentrated loads of 20 kN at third points.
If the simple span of the beam is 6 m,
compute the maximum shearing stress of
the beam.
value of b?
a.
b.
52.452O
61.045O
c. 78.632O
d. 43.256O
85. Which of the following most nearly gives the
value of a?
a.
b.
43.43O
54.78O
c. 49.53O
d. 35.21O
86. Determine the ultimate moment capacity of
SITUATION XXIII
A reinforced concrete T-beam has a slab thickness
of 100 mm which is supported by 6.5 m span
length beams casts monolithically with the slab.
Spacing of beams is 2.4 m on centers and has a
web width of 300 mm and effective depth of 485
mm. The beam carries a live load moment of 163
kN-m and a dead load moment of 84 kN-m. fc’ =
20.7 MPa and fy = 414 MPa.
87. Which of the following gives the effective
width of the flange?
a.
1750 mm
c. 2400 mm
b. 1900 mm
d. 1625 mm
88. Which of the following gives the area of steel
bars needed?
a.
3424.5 mm2 c. 1890.4 mm2
b. 2064.3 mm2 d. 3212.6 mm2
89. Which of the following gives the number of
28 mm diameter bars needed?
a.
4
c. 5
b. 6
d. 8
SITUATION XXIV
A 300 mm x 500 mm reinforced concrete beam (fy
= 248 MPa and fc’ = 30 MPa) that is 12 m long is
supported by hinge/roller at ends and mid span. It
is reinforced by 4 – 25 mm diameter bars in
tension and 2 – 25 mm diameter bars in
compression. Effective concrete cover is 70 mm.
90. Find the depth of the rectangular stress
block.
a.
57.3 mm
c. 26.1 mm
b. 76.2 mm
d. 63.7 mm
91. Find its nominal moment capacity.
a.
174 kN-m
c. 194 kN-m
b. 276 kN-m
d. 356 kN-m
92. Find the ultimate uniform load it can carry
throughout its length.
a.
18.78 kN/m c. 48.78 kN/m
b. 38.78 kN/m d. 58.78 kN/m
93. A steel pipe 1.5 m in diameter is required to
carry an internal pressure of 750 kPa. If the
allowable tensile stress is 140 MPa,
determine the required thickness of the
pipe.
a.
4.56 mm
c. 4.25 mm
b. 5.12 mm
d. 4.02 mm
SITUATION XXV
A beam has a T – section built up by two plates as
follows: 200 mm x 40 mm plate as flange and 100
mm x 20 mm plate as web. The maximum shear
force acting on the beam is 60 kN.
94. Which of the following most nearly gives the
moment of inertia of the section about the
neutral axis in mm4
a.
10,600,000
b. 39,000,000
c.
8,700,000
d. 24,500,000
95. Which of the following most nearly gives the
shear stress at the neutral axis?
a.
4.63 MPa
c. 1.94 MPa
b. 3.28 MPa
d. 2.71 MPa
96. Which of the following most nearly gives the
shear stress on the web at the junction of
the web and the flange?
a.
19.6 MPa
c. 31.8 MPa
b. 48.2 MPa
d. 52.2 MPa
SITUATION XXV
A block initially at rest slides down an inclined
plane at angle of 30O with the horizontal. The
block is placed at a vertical distance of 6 m above
the bottom of the inclined plane. The coefficient
of kinetic friction between the block and the plane
is 0.25.
97. Which of the following most nearly gives the
acceleration of the block?
a.
2.45 m/s2
c. 2.36 m/s2
2
b. 2.31 m/s
d. 2.78 m/s2
98. Which of the following gives the velocity of
the block after it has traveled 3 m?
a.
3.98 m/s
c. 3.84 m/s
b. 4.08 m/s
d. 4.15 m/s
99. How long will it takes for the block to reach
the bottom of the inclined plane?
a.
3.02 s
c. 2.89 s
b. 2.94 s
d. 3.09 s
100. A 400 N block slides on a horizontal plane by
applying a horizontal force of 200 N and
reaches a velocity of 10 m/s in a distance of
30 m from rest. Determine the coefficient of
friction between the floor and the block.
a.
0.66
c. 0.33
b. 0.45
d. 0.56