Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University Raisan, Gandhinagar – 382007, Gujarat, INDIA School of Technology Course Student Handout Evaluation from Name of the Course with Course Code: CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING – 1 (20CH302T) Programme (B. Tech/M. Tech/M.Sc. /Ph.D. etc): B. TECH Semester: 5 Branch: CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Academic Year: 2021-22 Name of Course Coordinator: DR ASHISH UNNARKAT Name of Subject Teachers: DR ASHISH UNNARKAT Sr. Item No 1 Departmental Vision & Mission Program educational objectives (PEOs) of 2 Department 3 Program Outcomes (POs) 4 Program Specific Outcomes (PSOs) 5 Academic Calendar 6 Class Time Table with office hours Course Outcomes (COs), Course Syllabus, Pre 7 requisites for the course 8 Lesson Plan Program Articulation Matrix and Course 9 Articulation Matrix 10 Evaluation Scheme and Rubrics Tutorials, Assignments, Case Studies, Quiz, 11 Presentations etc. Copy of Sessional Mid and End semester 12 Examination Question Papers Course covered beyond syllabus and self-study 13 topics Sign of subject teacher: Dr. Ashish P. Unnarkat Availability (Yes / No) YES YES Remarks YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES NA YES NA Name and Sign of Reviewing officer PANDIT DEENDAYAL ENERGY UNIVERSITY PANDIT DEENDAYAL ENERGY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Chemical Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering Program Education Objectives (PEOs) VISION Acquire the fundamental principles of science and chemical engineering with modern To impart quality education in an industry research driven modules to motivate the young chemical engineers for creating knowledge wealth to help generate employability following experimental and computational skills. Ability to handle problems of practical relevance of society while complying with professional ethics and focus towards a sustainable environment and benefits to the society. economical, environmental, ethical, and safety factors. Demonstrate professional excellence, ethics, soft skills and leadership qualities with lifelong learning’s. MISSION Graduates will be active members ready to serve the society locally and internationally. To facilitate the chemical engineering students with the state-of-the-art facilities with focus on skill development, creativity, innovation and enhancing leadership qualities. To nurture creative minds thru’ mentoring, quality teaching & research for building a value based sustainable society. Program Specific Outcomes (PSOs) 1. To analyse and tackle the complex and diverse engineering problems by appropriate experimentation, simulation, data analysis and interpretation, and, provide probable solutions by applying principles of chemical engineering in combination to the To work in unison with the national and international level academic and industrial partners by venturing into collaborations to tackle problems of bigger interest to society. fundamental knowledge of basic sciences and mathematics. 2. Competence to incorporate socio-economic considerations in engineering practices, including the concept of sustainable development, into chemical engineering practice. To build an encouraging environment for the young faculties and staff by providing safe work culture, transparency, professional ethics and accountability that will empower them to lead the department in right spirit. To inculcate the culture of continuous learning among the faculties by encouraging them to participate in a professional development programs and envisage to address the social, economic and environmental problems. 3. An ability to work together collaboratively in multidisciplinary teams to tackle multifaceted problems and pursue a bright career in chemical engineering and allied areas by demonstrating professional success at different platforms within industry, governmental bodies or academia. PANDIT DEENDAYAL ENERGY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY 6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to professional engineering practices. Department of Chemical Engineering 7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional Program Outcomes Engineering Graduates will be able to: 1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems. 2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences. 3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design system components or processes that meet the specified need with appropriate considerations for public health and safety, and the cultural, societal and environmental considerations. 4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research based knowledge and research methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions. 5. Modern tool usage: Create, select and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations. engineering solutions in societal and environmental context, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable development. 8. Ethics: Apply ethical practices and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of the engineering practice. 9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in diverse teams and in multidisciplinary settings. 10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions. 11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the engineering and management principles and apply these to one′s own work, as a member and leader in the team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments. 12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in independent and life-long learning of broadest context of technological change. ACADEMIC CALENDAR 2022-23 (ODD SEMESTER) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 JULY 2022 AUGUST SEP OCT NOV DEC 11 18 25 12 19 26 13 20 27 14 21 28 15 22 29 16 23 30 17 24 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 15 22 29 5 12 19 26 3 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 4 11 18 25 1 8 15 22 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 5 12 19 26 2 9 16 23 11 18 25 1 8 15 22 29 6 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 12 19 26 2 9 16 23 30 7 14 21 28 4 11 18 25 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 1 8 15 22 29 5 12 19 26 14 21 28 4 11 18 25 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 28 5 12 29 6 13 30 7 14 1 8 15 2 9 16 3 10 17 4 11 18 19 26 20 27 21 28 22 29 23 30 24 31 25 1 FACULTY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME WEEK FACULTY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME WEEK COMMENCEMENT OF ODD SEMESTER: July 25 RAKSHA BANDHAN INDEPENDENCE DAY, JANMASHTAMI SAMVATSSARI MID-SEM EXAMINATIONS COURSE FEEDBACK WEEK DUSSHERA DIWALI WEEK GURU NANAK JAYANTI COMPLETION OF ODD SEMESTER: Nov. 18 FOET Practical Exams : Nov.21 Onwards FOLS Sem. End Examination : Nov. 21 Onwards FOET Sem. End Examination : Nov.28 Onwards Rural Internship for FOLS Students: Dec. 17, 2022 to Jan. 10, 2023 TOTAL WEEKS: 17 Applicable to FOLS & FOET (Except B.Tech Sem.2 ) WINTER BREAK ACADEMIC CALENDAR 2022-23 (EVEN SEMESTER) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 JAN 2023 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 6 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 7 14 21 28 4 11 18 25 11 18 25 1 8 15 22 1 8 15 22 29 5 12 19 26 12 19 26 2 9 16 23 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 3 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28 14 21 28 4 11 18 25 4 11 18 25 1 8 15 22 29 15 22 29 5 12 19 26 5 12 19 26 2 9 16 23 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 FOET Practical Exams : May 1 Onwards FOLS Sem. End Examination : May 1 Onwards 8 15 22 9 16 23 10 17 24 11 18 25 12 19 26 13 20 27 14 21 28 FOET Sem. End Examination : May 8 Onwards JULY 29 5 12 19 26 30 6 13 20 27 31 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 1 4 11 18 25 2 AUGUST 3 10 17 24 31 4 11 18 25 1 5 12 19 26 2 6 13 20 27 3 7 14 21 28 4 8 15 22 29 5 9 16 23 30 6 FEB MARCH APRIL MAY 1 2 3 4 5 COMMENCEMENT OF EVEN SEMESTER: Jan.2 2 JUNE 6 REPUBLIC DAY MID-SEM EXAMINATIONS HOLI COURSE FEEDBACK WEEK RAM NAVAMI Dr.BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR JAYANTI COMPLETION OF EVEN SEMESTER: April 28 Industrial Internship for FOET Students: May 22,2023 Onwards (For B.Tech. Sem-VI and M.Tech. Sem-II) Civic and Social Services Internship (CSSI) for FOET Students: June 26, 2023 Onwards (For B. Tech. Sem-II) FACULTY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME FACULTY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME COMMENCEMENT OF ODD SEMESTER: July 24, 2023 TOTAL WEEKS: 17 SUMMER VACATION FOR FACULTY: May 29, 2023 to July 7, 2023 (Faculty will resume office from July 10, 2023) DR. ASHISH UNNARKAT - DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Day 09:00-10:00 E1E2E3 (20CH302T) E101, ASU-L Friday Saturday 12:00-13:00 E (20EEM501T) E002, ASU-L 13:0014:00 14:00-15:00 15:00-16:00 E1E2E3 (20CH302T) E101, ASU-L 16:00-17:00 E2 (20CH302P) E108, ASU-P E (20EEM501T) E108, ASU-L E1E2E3 (20CH302T) E005, ASU-L Wednesday Thursday 11:00-12:00 E4E5E6 (20CH302T) E005, ASU-L Monday Tuesday 10:00-11:00 E4E5E6 (20CH302T) E102, ASU-L E3 (20CH302P) E108, ASU-P E (20EEM501T) E005, ASU-L E1 (20CH302P) E108, ASU-P E4E5E6 (20CH302T) E101, ASU-L 17:00- 18:0018:00 19:00 Pandit Deendayal Energy University School of Technology 20CH302T Chemical Reaction Engineering 1 Teaching Scheme Examination Scheme Theory L 3 T 0 P 0 C Practical MS ES IA LW LE/Viva Total Marks 25 50 25 -- -- 100 Hrs/Week 0 3 COURSE OBJECTIVES To provide understanding of basic principles and terminology in reaction kinetics To acquaint students towards basic designing of ideal reactors To allow students to analysis the rate data and thereby find the kinetics parameters of interest To illustrate concept of reactor sequencing, and evaluate the performance of ideal reactors UNIT 1 BASICS OF KINETICS 08 Hrs. Mole balances, kinetics of homogeneous reactions – rate of reaction, type of reactions, reaction mechanism, temperature and concentration dependent term of a rate equation, searching for a reaction mechanism, rate law and stoichiometry, approach to reactor sizing and design. UNIT 2 ANALYSIS OF RATE DATA 12 Hrs. Collection and analysis of rate data, integral and differential method of analysis of data, batch reactor data, variable and constant volume system, method of initial rates, method of half-life, differential reactors, least square analysis. UNIT 3 ISOTHERMAL REACTOR DESIGN 10 Hrs. Ideal reactors: batch reactors, semi-batch reactors, continuous-flow reactors, recycle reactors conversion and reactor sizing, design equations, applications of the design equations for continuous-flow reactors, introduction to micro reactors, membrane reactors and bioreactors UNIT 4 REACTOR SEQUENCING 10 Hrs. Reactors in series, reactors for parallel reactions, maximizing desired product in parallel reactions, maximizing desired product in series reactions, temperature and pressure effect in single and multiple reactions, adiabatic reactor design. Max. 40Hrs. COURSE OUTCOMES On completion of the course, student will be able to CO1 – Relate to the basics of kinetics and basic theories to get the underlying mechanisms CO2 – Interpret and evaluate the rate data and get the kinetics parameters CO3 – Select proper design equations and perform reactor sizing for ideal reactors CO4 – Examine the suitable combinations of ideal reactors for optimal performance CO5 – Decide the reactor sequencing for single and multiple reactions towards desired products CO6 – Design ideal reactor systems based on experimental data and optimize its performance TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS 1. H. S. Fogler, “Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering”, 3rd Ed, New Delhi-Prentice Hall, 2001 2. O. Levenspiel,” Chemical Reaction Engineering” Willey Eastern, 3rd Ed., 2000 3. J. M. Smith, “Chemical Engineering Kinetics”, 3rd Ed., McGraw- Hill, 1988 END SEMESTER EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER PATTERN Max. Marks: 100 Part A/Question: Theoretical knowledge and understanding Part B/Question: Problem Solving, Design and Analysis Exam Duration: 3 Hrs 20-30 Marks 70-80 Marks PANDIT DEENDAYAL ENERGY UNIVERISTY Chemical Engineering Department Lesson Planning - 5th Semester B Tech – July-Dec 2022 Chemical Reaction Engineering - 1 (20CH302T) S/No 1 Topic Taught Basics of Reaction Kinetics Lectures Required. Lectures Count Remarks 8 8 Levenspiel Mole balances, kinetics of homogeneous reactions – rate of reaction, type of reactions, reaction mechanism, temperature and concentration dependent term of a rate equation, searching for a reaction mechanism, rate law and stoichiometry, approach to reactor sizing and design. 2 Analysis of Rate Data Chapter 1 2 9-20 12 Collection and analysis of rate data, integral and differential method of analysis of data, batch reactor data, variable and constant volume system, method of initial rates, method of half-life, differential reactors, least square analysis 3 Ideal Reactors and Sequencing Chapter 3 4 21-32 12 Ideal reactors: batch reactors, semi-batch reactors, continuous-flow reactors, recycle reactors conversion and reactor sizing, design equations, applications of the design equations for continuous-flow reactors, introduction to micro reactors, membrane reactors and bioreactors 4 Reactors for Multiple Reactions Levenspiel Levenspiel Chapter 5 6 33-40 8 Levenspiel Reactors in series, reactors for parallel reactions, maximizing desired product in parallel reactions, maximizing desired product in series reactions, temperature and pressure effect in single and multiple reactions, adiabatic reactor design. 5 Quiz + Tests Chapter 7 9 2 42 Total Mapping of Course Outcomes with Program Outcomes Course and Program Articulation Matrix COs↓ PO1 POs→ PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 CO1 3 3 2 2 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 CO2 3 3 2 2 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 CO3 3 3 3 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 CO4 3 3 3 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 CO5 3 3 3 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 CO6 3 3 3 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 COs↓ POs→ PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 CO1 3 2 2 CO2 3 2 2 CO3 3 2 2 CO4 3 2 2 CO5 3 2 2 CO6 3 2 2 Evaluation Scheme and Rubrics Assessment Method Direct (Continuous Assessment) Direct Direct Assessment Tool Exam Exam Exam Description Internal Exam – Quiz, Assignment, Tests Mid Semester Exam End Semester Exam Marks 25 25 50 Mapping with CO Contribution to CO’s CO1 CO2 It contributes to 25% weightage of Direct Assessment to CO CO3 CO4 It contributes to 25% weightage of Direct Assessment to CO CO1-6 It contributes to 50% weightage of Direct Assessment to CO attainment. Roll No.:___________________ PANDIT DEENDAYAL PETROLEUM UNIVERSITY School of Technology, Gandhinagar Mid Semester Examination – September 2019 B. Tech. (Chemical Engineering) Semester- V Course: Chemical Reaction Engineering -1 Course Code: 16CH319T Date: 25/09/2019 Max. Marks: 50 Instructions: 1. Assume suitable data wherever required and mention the same at appropriate place in the solution. 2. Put the appropriate units after every numerical solution. 3. All questions are compulsory. 4. Do not write anything on the question paper other than roll no 1. The first-order reversible liquid reaction A↔R in a batch reactor. Equilibrium conversion is 70% while converts 30% in 10 minutes of time. Find the rate equation for this reaction. (08 marks) 2. Bitumen is cracked 1500oC, the rate is reduced by 4 times than the rate at 1100oC. Determine the activation energy of cracking. (05 marks) 3. If the half-life of a radioactive material is 33 minutes. Determine the time for almost complete decay if initial concentration if 15 mol/L. (05 marks) 4. After 8 minutes in a batch reactor, reactant (CA0 = 1 mol/L) is 80% converted; after 18 minutes, conversion is 90%. Find a rate equation to represent this reaction. (07 marks) 5. Derive an expression for reversible uni-molecular first order reaction (A↔ R) using an integral method of analysis for rate data, k1, k2 being the forward and backward rate constant. Show that first order irreversible is special case of reversible reaction. (10 marks) 6. Find the second order rate constant for the disappearance of A in the gas reaction 4A R if, on holding the pressure constant, the volume of the reaction mixture, starting with 50%A, decreases by 30% in 5min. Consider the initial molar concentration to be 2mol/L (10 marks) 7. Explain with example, (05 marks) a. side by side and competitive reaction b. elementary and non-elementary reaction c. autocatalytic reaction ------------------------------------------------------ GOOD LUCK -------------------------------------------- Page | 1 Roll No.:___________________ PANDIT DEENDAYAL PETROLEUM UNIVERSITY School of Technology, Gandhinagar End Semester Examination – December 2019 B. Tech. (Chemical Engineering) Semester- V Course: Chemical Reaction Engineering -1 Course Code: 16CH319T Date: 20/12/2019 Max. Marks: 100 Instructions: 1. Assume suitable data wherever required and mention the same at appropriate place in the solution. 2. Put the appropriate units after every numerical solution. 3. All questions are compulsory. 4. Do not write anything on the question paper other than roll no Section 01 (40 Marks) 1. The maximum allowable temperature for a reactor is 800K. At present our operating set point is 780 K, the 20K margin of safety to account for fluctuating feed, sluggish controls, etc. Now, with a more sophisticated control system we would be able to raise our set point to 792K with the same margin of safety that we now have. By how much can the reaction rate, hence, production rate, be raised by this change if the reaction taking place in the reactor has an activation energy of 175 kJ/mol? (05 marks) 2. What are reactions of shifting order? Give brief. (03 Marks) 3. For the stoichiometry A+B P. Find the reaction orders with respect to A and B (07 Marks) CA 2 2 3 CB 125 32 32 -rA 25 16 32 4. Derive an expression for homogeneous catalyzed system (AR, and A+C R+C) using an integral method of analysis for rate data. The reaction rate for a homogeneous catalyzed system is the sum of rates of both the uncatalyzed and catalyzed reactions. What if the reaction set is competitive reactions (AR and AS) Derive an expression using integral method and show how the rate constants will be evaluated graphically. (15 marks) 5. Aqueous A at a concentration CA0 = 1 mol/L is introduced into a batch reactor where it reacts away to form product R according to the reaction A R. The concentration of A in the reactor is monitored at various times, as shown below t, min 0 100 200 300 400 CA, mol/m3 1000 500 333 250 200 Find the rate equation describing the data. Also, for CA0 = 500 mol/m3 find the conversion of reactant after 5 hours in the batch reactor. (10 Marks) Page | 1 Section 02 (30 Marks) 1. A specific enzyme acts as catalyst in the fermentation of reactant A. At a given enzyme concentration in the aqueous feed stream (25 L/min) find the volume of plug flow reactor needed for 95% conversion of reactant A (CA0 = 2 mol/L). The kinetics of the fermentation at this enzyme concentration is given on the right (10 Marks) 2. A gaseous feed of pure A (2 mol/L, 100 mol/min) decomposes to give a variety of products in a plug flow reactor. The kinetics of the conversion is represented by A 2.5P, -rA = (10 min-1) CA. Find the expected conversion in a 22 L reactor. (08 Marks) 3. A stream of pure gaseous reactant A (CA0 = 660 mmol/L) enters a plug flow reactor at a flow rate of FA0 = 540 mmol/min and polymerizes there by reaction given. How large a reactor is needed to lower the concentration of A in the exit stream to CAf = 330 mmol/L? Also, find the size if it is CSTR. (08 Marks) 4. What are the different rules for arrangement for a given set of ideal reactors? (04 Marks) Section 03 (30 Marks) 1. At present we have 90% conversion of a liquid feed (n = 1, CA0 = 10 mol/L) to our plug flow reactor with recycle of product (R = 2). If we shut off the recycle stream, by how much will this change the processing rate of our feed for the same 90% conversion? (08 Marks) 2. The kinetics of the aqueous-phase decomposition of A is investigated in two mixed flow reactors in series, the second having twice the volume of the first reactor. At steady state with a feed concentration of 1.0 mol-A/L and mean residence time of 96 sec in the first reactor, the concentration in the first reactor is 0.5 mol-A/L and in the second is 0.25 mol-A/L. Find the kinetic equation for the decomposition. (08 Marks) 3. Substance A in the liquid phase produces R and S by the following reactions: The feed (CA0 = 1.0, CR0 = 0, CS0 = 0.3) enters two mixed flow reactors in series (τ1 = 2.5 min, τ2 = 10 min). Knowing the composition in the first reactor (CA1 = 0.4, CR1 = 0.2, CS1 = 0.7), find the composition leaving the second reactor. (10 Marks) 4. A+B R (Desired) and A+BS (Undesired) – with 𝑑𝐶𝑅 𝑑𝐶𝑆 𝑘 = 𝑘1 𝐶𝐴 −1.5𝐶𝐵 0.5 2 From the standpoint of favourable product distribution, order the contacting schemes (A High B High, A Low B Low, A High B Low and A Low B High), from the most desirable to the least desirable. Draw the contacting pattern in continuous flow operations. (04 Marks) ------------------------------------------------------ GOOD LUCK -------------------------------------------- Page | 2 Roll No.:___________________ PANDIT DEENDAYAL PETROLEUM UNIVERSITY School of Technology, Gandhinagar Re-End Semester Examination – December 2019 B. Tech. (Chemical Engineering) Semester- V Course: Chemical Reaction Kinetics Course Code: CH320T Date: 26/12/2019 Max. Marks: 100 Instructions: 1. Assume suitable data wherever required and mention the same at appropriate place in the solution. 2. Put the appropriate units after every numerical solution. 3. All questions are compulsory. 4. Do not write anything on the question paper other than roll no Section 01 (50 Marks) 1. Discuss elementary and non-elementary reactions with example. How molecularity and order of reaction are related to each other? (07 Marks) 2. What is space time and space velocity? Give significance. (03 Marks) 3. Derive an expression for irreversible bimolecular second order reaction (2A Products) using an integral method of analysis for rate data. Extend the same to nth order reaction. (15 marks) 4. The pyrolysis of ethane proceeds with an activation energy of about 40 kJ/mol. How much faster is the decomposition at 820°C than at 520oC? (05 Marks) 5. An ampoule of radioactive Kr-89 (half life = 76 minutes) is set aside for a day. What does this do to the activity of the ampoule? Note that radioactive decay is a first-order process. (07 Marks) 6. For the reaction AR, second-order kinetics and CA0 = 1 mol/L, we get 50% conversion after 1 hour in a batch reactor. What will be the conversion and concentration of A after 1 hour if CA0=10 mol/L? (08 Marks) 7. State whether True/False and Justify your answer (05 Marks) PFR’s in series will behave as single PFR CSTR’s in series will behave as single PFR Page | 1 Section 02 (50 Marks) 1. The homogeneous gas decomposition of phosphine proceeds at 649oC with first-order rate. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. What size of plug flow reactor operating at 649°C and 460 kPa can produce 80% conversion of a feed consisting of 40 mol of pure phosphine per hour? (10 Marks) In an isothermal batch reactor 70% of a liquid reactant is converted in 13 min. What spacetime and space-velocity are needed to effect this conversion in a plug flow reactor and in a mixed flow reactor? (07 Marks) An aqueous reactant stream (4 mol-A/L) passes through a mixed flow reactor followed by a plug flow reactor. Find the concentration at the exit of the plug flow reactor if in the mixed flow reactor CA = 1 mol/liter. The reaction is second-order with respect to A, and the volume of the plug flow unit is three times that of the mixed flow unit. (10 Marks) 200 L/hr of radioactive fluid having a half-life of 40 hr is to be treated by passing it through two ideal stirred tanks in series, V = 75 000 liters each. In passing through this system, how much will the activity decay? (10 Marks) Explain the following terms (03 Marks) a. Instantaneous yield b. Overall yield c. Selectivity For a given set of parallel reaction with relative rates of R and S as For different values of a1 and a2 (order of reaction) what concentration and what reactor system will be used. (10 Marks) ------------------------------------------------------ GOOD LUCK -------------------------------------------- Page | 2