NOVEMBER 8,2022
THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD
GLOBAL DIVIDE
GROUP 5
REPORTERS
GROUP 5
PRIETO,
NEIL OLIVER P.
DAYAG,
BRENT CHRISTIAN M.
PIELAGO JR.,
RICKY M.
SERRANO,
ANNABEL Q.
YOHAN,
CHRYSLER FORD A.
Agenda
CORE,
PERIPHE
RAL,
AND SEM
I
PERIPHE RAL
COUNTR
IES
L
A
B
GLO AND
H
T
R
L
NO
A
B
GLO TH
SOU
D,
R
3
,
D
N
1ST, 2
H
AND 4T
WORLD
DIGITAL
DIVIDE
CAUSES OF
DISPARITY IN
ECONOMIC
GROWTH AND
DEVT.
BETWEEN
NATIONS
DEFINITION AND
CHARACTERISTIC
OF GLOBAL NORTH
AND GLOBAL
SOUTH
GLOBAL NORTH
is countries that have a high level
of industrialization. The Global
North mostly correlates with the
Western World—with the notable
exceptions of Japan, South
Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, and
Israel.
has traditionally been used to refer
to underdeveloped or economically
disadvantaged nations. These
countries are those who tend to
have unstable democracies, are in
the process of industrializing, and
have historically frequently faced
colonization by Global North
countries (especially by European
countries).
GLOBAL SOUTH
GLOBAL NORTH AND GLOBAL SOUTH
The concept of Global North and
Global South (or North–South
divide in a global context) is used
to describe a grouping of
countries along socio-economic
and political characteristics.
The Brandt Line is a way of
visualising the world that
highlights the disparities and
inequalities between the wealthy
North and the poorer Global
South, proposed by Willy Brandt
in the 1980s.
COUNTRIES
GLOBAL
NORTH
America, Canada,
Japan, Europe, South
Korea, Singapore,
Australia, and New
Zealand.
Philippines, Malaysia,
Brazil, Africa,
Indonesia, India, and
Mexico.
GLOBAL
SOUTH
GLOBAL NORTH
D
I
F
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
S
First World
Richer and more developed region
Industries and major businesses,
commerce and finance
Covers the one quarter of total
population ¼ of the population, Less
population
have developed economies and
account for over 90% of all
manufacturing industries in the world.
VS.
GLOBAL SOUTH
Third World
Developing nations (still in the process),
poor countries
Source for the raw materials of the
North
Covers 3/4 of the total population
Majority – poor population
Foreign exchange depends on primary
products exports to the North
SOCIO- ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CHARACTERISTIC
COMPARISON BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH
SOCIAL
ECONOMY
POLITICAL
NORTH
SOUTH
Both religion and education were organized
Only children of plantation
owners received any
education
College was reserved for the wealthy
Small farmers had little or
no education
There were schools and churches in most towns
The culture of the south
revolved around plantation
life.
Manufacturing
External threat – widespread of terrorist activity in the
worldwide
Agriculture
The internal affairs of the
nations ( Political struggles
and corruptions, lack of
respect for a rule of law
and violations of human
rights).
1ST, 2ND, 3RD,
AND 4TH WORLD
Historical Definition
It refers to the separation
of the world’s countries in
terms of their side during
the cold war.
It refers to the division of
the world’s countries in
terms of economic status
as well as other factors
such as poverty, mortality
and more.
Modern Definition
1ST WORLD
1st World
(Developed Countries)
It refers to developed countries
characterized by political and
economic stability, democracy, the
rule of law, capitalist economies and
high standards of living.
Initially, the first world term was
applied to countries that were
aligned with the United States
during the cold war.
1st World Countries
There are 31 countries under the
1st World (NATO)
Examples: United States, Canada,
Japan, New Zealand, Germany
2ND WORLD
2nd World
(Industrialized Countries)
It refers to countries that are more
stable and more developed than
offensive
term
"third-world"
countries but less-stable and lessdeveloped
than
first
world
countries.
Initially, the second world term was
applied to countries that were
aligned with the Soviet Union
during the cold war.
2nd World Countries
There are approximately 100
countries under the 2nd World.
(Doctorate Parag Khanna, London
School of Economics)
Examples: Russia, Poland, China,
Kazakhstan, Bulgaria
3RD WORLD
3rd World
(Developing Countries)
It refers to countries with high
mortality rates, unstable economies,
massive amounts of poverty and
fewer natural resources than other
countries.
These are countries that did not
pick a side during the world war.
3rd World Countries
Examples: Philippines, Venezuela,
Mali, Saudi Arabia, North Korea
3RD WORLD
Philippines as a Third
World Country
High infant mortality rate, limited access to healthcare,
low GDP per capita
Philippines has a lot to offer:
1. Top country in outsourcing industry
2. Attraction for many tourists
3. Rich in both human and natural resources
Most people say that things that hinder the Philippines
from belonging to the developed countries are poverty,
unemployment, corruption and crimes (Cruz, 2012).
4TH WORLD
4th World
Coined in the early 1970s by
Shuswap Chief George which refers
to the widely unknown nations of
indigenous people living within or
across national boundaries in his
book entitled “The Fourth World:
An Indian Reality”.
Countries with 4th World
Regions
Examples:
Haiti,
Angola,
Bangladesh,
Cambodia,
Nepal,
Bhutan, Tanzania
SUMMARY OF
1ST,2ND,3RD WORLD
1st World
2nd World
3rd World
Historical
US and its
Cold War
allies
USSR and its
Cold War
allies
Neither
Modern
Developed
Industrialized Developing
CORE,
PERIPHERAL
AND SEMI
PERIPHERAL
COUNTRIES
Immanuel Wallerstein
(September 28, 1930 –
August 31, 2019)
An American sociologist and economic historian.
Best known for his development of the general approach in sociology
which led to the emergence of his world-systems approach.
He was a Senior Research Scholar at Yale University from 2000 until his
death in 2019, and published bimonthly syndicated commentaries
through Agence Global on world affairs from October 1998 to July 2019.
Professor Wallerstein writes in three domains of world-systems analysis:
the historical development of the modern world-system; the
contemporary crisis of the capitalist world-economy; the structures of
knowledge.
He first published the paper The Rise and Future Demise of the World
Capitalist System: Concepts for Comparative Analysis, in 1974. Then, his
most important work - The Modern World System I: Capitalist Agriculture
and the Origins of the European World-Economy in the Sixteenth Century
appeared in three volumes in 1974, 1980, and 1989.
“IMMANUEL
WALLERSTEIN’S WORLD
SYSTEM THEORY”
World economic system in
which some countries benefit
(core countries) while others
are
exploited
(peripheral
countries).
This theory emphasizes the
social structure of global
inequality.
3-level hierarchy:
Core:
urban,
highly
industrialized,
powerful
governments, financial power
Peripheral:
primary
sector
economy,
political/economic
instability.
Semi-peripheral: characteristics
of both
Core Countries
Periphery Countries
Semi-Periphery
External areas
Dominant Capitalist Countries
Strong Military Power
No dependency upon other countries
Serve the needs of higher class
Economy is focused upon higher-skill, capital-intensive activities (tertiary)
Lacks strong central government
May be controlled by another state
Export raw materials to core
May depend upon core for capital
Underdeveloped industry
Low-skill, labor-intensive production (cheap labor)
Experiences characteristics of both
Typically described either a core region in decline or periphery undergoing
development.
Newly industrialized
Median standards of living
Citizens often have diverse economic activities but typically significant gaps
between rich and poor.
Maintains own economic systems, NOT part of the world-systems theory
Own labor market
Own market & create crops goods for own markets
CAUSES OF
DISPARITY IN
ECONOMIC
GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT
BETWEEN
NATIONS
Labour Market
One of the major reasons
there is economic inequality
within
modern
market
economies is because wages
are determined by a market,
and are hence influenced by
supply and demand.
Innate Ability
Relating these innate abilities
back to the labour market
suggests that such innate
abilities are in high demand
relative to their supply and
hence play a large role in
increasing the wage of those
who have them.
Education
One important factor in the
creation of inequality is the
variable ability of individuals
to get an education.
Gender, Race , Culture
The existence of different
genders, races and cultures
within a society is also
thought to contribute to
economic inequality.
Wealth Condensation
Wealth condensation is a
theoretical process by which,
in certain conditions, newlycreated wealth tends to
become concentrated in the
possession
of
alreadywealthy
individuals
or
entities.
Development Patterns
The existence of different
genders, races and cultures
within a society is also
thought to contribute to
economic inequality.
Mitigating Factors
There are many factors that
tend to constrain the amount
of economic inequality within
society.
WHAT IS
DIGITAL
DIVIDE?
WHAT IS DIGITAL DIVIDE?
The digital divide is the gap
between those with Internet
access and those without it.
Here are some of the things that lead to disparities in Internet
access:
Availability
Is there available access to
the Internet in your area? Is
there a nearby point of
connection to the Internet?
Affordability
Is that access affordable?
How does the cost compare
to other essential goods?
What percentage of your
income do you need to pay
for access?
Here are some of the things that lead to disparities in Internet
access:
Quality of service:
Are
the
upload
and
download speeds sufficient
for the local needs of Internet
users?
Relevance:
Does the connected community
have the necessary skills and
technologies? Is there local
interest and understanding of
the relevance of Internet access?
Are there locally available mobile
apps? Is there content in the
local language and relevant to
the people in the community?
IMPACT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY
Economy
Telecommunication services
boost
economic
growth.
Broad use of the internet
enables an economically
productive nation.
Education
The internet is a rich library
of information. More than
ever there are numerous
educational platforms where
you can learn advanced
skills.
IMPACT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY
Social Spheres
Internet
access
drives
communication. Social media
platforms such as Facebook
create engagement, build
relationships, and connect us
to family and friends. We can
access information faster
than relying on traditional
newspapers.
Society
The
digital
divide
has
contributed
to
the
segregation of individuals in
the
society
including
ethnicity, age, race, and
gender. Technology creates
new
alignments
among
individuals with access to the
internet and those without
access.
CAUSES OF THE
DIGITAL DIVIDE
INCOME
LEVELS
EDUCATION
MOTIVATIONAL
AND GENERAL
INTEREST
GEOGRAHICAL
RESTRICTION
DIGITAL
LITERACY
TYPES OF
DIGITAL DIVIDE
Quality of Use
Gap
Access Divide
It refers to the possibilities
that people have to access
this resource.
Use Divide
It refers to the lack of
digital
skills,
which
impedes the handling of
technology.
Sometimes they have the
digital skills to find their way
around the Internet, but not
the knowledge to make
good use of and get the
most out of it.
Consequences of Digital Divide
Lack of
Communication and
Isolation
People in remote areas who do
not have access to the Internet
are disconnected. Something
similar
happens
to
urban
residents who are disconnected
which causes social isolation.
Barrier to Studies and
Knowledge
The coronavirus crisis has shown the effects
of the digital divide in education: teachers
and students out of the loop because they
lack sufficient technology and digital skills. It
also increases lack of knowledge by limiting
access to knowledge.
Consequences of Digital Divide
Accentuates Social
Differences
Digital
illiteracy
reduces
the
chances of finding a job and
accessing quality employment,
which has a negative impact on the
workers' economy.
REFERENCES:
What Is a First World (aka Developed or Industrialized) Country?
Second World Definition
Third World Country Essay - 1671 Words | Internet Public Library
Are the Philippines a Third World Country? - Destination Scanner...
First, Second and Third World
First, Second, and Third World - Nations Online Project
Fourth World Definition
Economic inequality (mcgill.ca)
Module 6 - Global Divide - Same appearance – internal design/external appearance – menus –
Cultural - StuDocu
Global North and Global South (slideshare.net)
The Global North vs The Global South - [PPTX Powerpoint] (vdocument.in)
Why is there a Brandt line? – Heimduo
GLOBAL DIVIDES: THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH by Ricca Ramos (prezi.com)
THANK YOU AND
GOD BLESS!!!