ECLIPSE IP RAN (PACKET NODE)
TRAINING COURSE V.E01
COURSE OBJECTIVES
Objectives
• Upon completion of this module, participants would have
refreshed their knowledge on the Eclipse system:
• Listing the functions and features of the Eclipse Platform
• Describing the hardware and configurations of the Eclipse Platform
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ECLIPSE RADIO PLATFORM RECAP
Eclipse System Overview
Split-mount architecture
Node & Terminal platforms
• Node
Modular platform with pluggable cards
• One Node supports multiple links and multiple customer
interfaces: TDM, Ethernet, or SDH
•
Node
• Terminal
Each platform supports one link; no plug-in modules
• Different Terminal versions support TDM, Ethernet, or SDH
•
Terminal
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Eclipse Link Solutions
Terminal/IDU
Nodal
IDUsp 4x, 16x, & 20x
IN
U
IDU 155o
IDU ES
PDH
SDH/OC3
Ethernet + PDH
IDU GE 20x
GigE + PDH
IDU GE3 16x
GigE + PDH
INUe
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RF Solutions
ODU 300 series
ODU300sp/hp
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ODU 600 Series NEW!
ODU600
PDH Capacities
ETSI
High Speed SuperPDH Rates
48,52,64,75, 93
100xE1
‘Enhanced’
PDH Rates
5,10,20,40xE1
93 - 100xE1
52xE1
48xE1
40xE1
32xE1
20xE1
16xE1
AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
10x
E1
8x
E1
5
x
E
1
4
x
E
1
8
64 - 75xE1
‘Standard’ PDH
Rates
4,8,16,32xE1
Portal
• Portal is the Eclipse Configuration, Commissioning, and
Diagnostic Craft Tool
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ECLIPSE NODAL UNITS
Eclipse Node Features
Chassis with plug-in cards
INU supports up to 3 links
INUe supports up to 6 links
Configurable TDM backplane bus
Mandatory plug-ins
Optional plug-ins
ODU 300hp/sp, ODU 600
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Eclipse Node Features
PDH capacities to 100x E1 or 127xDS1
SDH 1x STM 1/OC3 or 2x STM 1/OC3
366Mbps DPP
Fast or Gigabit Ethernet
6 to 38 GHz
QPSK to 256QAM
Hot-standby, diversity & ring protection
Dual protection options
Co-channel XPIC (CCDP)
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Eclipse Node: Indoor Units
∙ INU – Intelligent Nodal Unit
*
*
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1RU with 4 option slots
Supports:
• 3 non-protected links, or
• 1 protected & I non-protected
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Eclipse Node: Indoor Units
∙ INUe -Intelligent Nodal Unit extended
*
*
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2RU with 10 option slots
Supports:
• 6 non-protected links, or
• 1 protected & 4 non-protected, or
• 2 protected & 2 non-protected, or
• 3 protected
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Node Plug-in Types
Mandatory
NCC : Node control card
FAN : Fan card (cooling)
Optional
DAC : Digital access card (user interfaces)
RAC : Radio access card (supports the ODU)
AUX : Auxiliary card (auxiliary data & alarm I/O)
NPC : Node protection card (NCC protection)
PCC : Power Conversion Card
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Node Slot Assignments: INU
Slots 1, 2, 3, 4 are universal: any RAC, DAC, AUX
Slot 4 is NPC or universal: NPC or RAC, DAC, AUX
NCC & FAN slots are dedicated
Protected RAC or DAC pairings may be in any two
slots (1 – 4)
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Node Slot Assignments: INUe
∙ Slots 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 are universal: any RAC, DAC, AUX
∙ Slots 7, 8, 9 are restricted: Any DAC or AUX except those where NMS access is
required (affects DAC 155oM & AUX)
∙ Slot 10 is restricted: NPC only
∙ NCC and FAN slots are dedicated
∙ Protected RAC or DAC 155oM pairings must be installed in the positions shown
by the arrows
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Node Backplane Bus
Provides the cross-connection between plug-ins
Configurable for one of the following options:
•
•
•
•
•
N x 2Mbps (E1 capable)
N x 1.5Mbps (DS1capable)
N x 34Mbps (E3 capable)
N x 45Mbps (DS3 capable)
N x 155Mbps (STM-1/OC3 capable)
(Max 100x)
(Max 128x)
(Max 4x)
(Max 4x)
(Max 2x)
Eclipse can therefore be an NxE1/DS1, NxE3/DS3, or NxSTM1/OC3 radio
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Node Backplane Bus
Contd
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NCC – Node Control Card
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•
Micro-Controller for embedded S/W & NMS
•
DC/DC conversion & distribution
•
Generates TDM bus clock & signaling distribution
•
Telemetry communication functions
•
Boot flash memory
•
License, SW, & Configuration flash
•
Replaceable fuse
•
Network Management access
•
Ethernet switch with 4 ports for Management
•
V.24 Maintenance port
•
Voltage level & temperature management
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Fan Card
Holds two long life fans (only one is required for normal operation)
Alternate operation to maximize operating life
Fan speed monitor
Fan control operation based on internal temperature
Keep clear of vent holes for unobstructed air flow
2RU fan card for INUe
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Node License
• A software License Key governs total node capacity and various
feature options
• The license Key is stored in the Compact Flash Card
• The License is based on the Compact Flash Card's Serial Number and
can be transferred to other (replacement) NCC cards or Terminals
• The License Key is field upgradeable
• The Compact Flash card also stores Configuration information and
System Software, No need to reconfigure when the NCC is replaced
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Node License - Options
•
EZF-01: Layer 1 Link Aggregation
•
EZF-02: Adaptive Modulation
•
EZF-03: Secure Management
•
EZF-04: Payload Encryption
•
EZF-05: Ethernet over TDM
•
EZF-06: Radius Server
•
EZF-09: Synchronous Ethernet
•
EZF-16: 64E1/DS1 Node ML-PPP
•
EZF -08006: Node Licence 400Mbps
Other node capacity options available
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Radio Access Cards (RAC)
Type
Capacities supported
Channel Bandwith
Modualtion
XPIC
ACM
DPP
RAC 60
• 366 Mbit/s Ethernet
• 100xE1
• 3xE3
• 1/2xSTM1
56MHz
QPSK, 16, 32, 64,
128, 256QAM
NO
QPSK, 16,
64, 256QAM
YES
RAC 6X
• 366 Mbit/s Ethernet
• 100xE1
• 3xE3
• 1/2xSTM2
56MHz
QPSK, 16, 32, 64,
128, 256QAM
YES
QPSK, 16,
64, 256QAM
YES
RAC 30v3
• 150 Mbit/s Ethernet
• 75xE1
• 3xE3
• 1xSTM1
28 MHz
QPSK, 16, 32, 64,
128QAM
NO
NO
NO
RAC 30a
• 150 Mbit/s Ethernet
• 75xE1
• 3xE3
• 1xSTM1
28 MHz
QPSK, 16, 64QAM
NO
QPSK, 16,
64QAM
NO
RAC 3X
300 Mbit/s Ethernet
• 100xE1
• 3xE3
• 1/2xSTM1
56MHz
16, 64, 128,
256QAM
NO
NO
NO
RAC 40
150 Mbit/s Ethernet
• 75xE1
• 3xE3
• 1xSTM1
28 MHz
32, 64, 128QAM
YES
NO
NO
RAC 4X
300 Mbit/s Ethernet
• 100xE1
• 3xE3
• 1/2xSTM1
56MHz
16, 64, 128,
256QAM
YES
NO
NO
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Look
RACs/ODUs
are used
in pairs for
protected
and
diversity
operation
Radio Access Card ACM
• RAC 60/6X ACM
(Adaptive Coding and
Modulation)
• Adaptive Modulation
•
QPSK – 256QAM
• Adaptive Coding
•
Max Gain or Max
Throughput
• Up to 4X capacity
increase
• Chose up to 4 ACM
steps
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Data Access Cards (DAC)
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DAC GE3
DAC 3XE3
DAC GEv2
DAC 3XE3M
DAC ES
DAC 155e/o
DAC 16X
DAC 2X155e/o
DAC 4X
DAC 155e/oM
Node Plug-ins: DACs
NCM-Network Convergence Module (NEW!)
• Works in tandem with the DAC GE3 to facilitate IP over TDM (IPoTDM)
•
Uses PPP/ML-PPP protocol
• Front Panel connectors:
27
•
Two 10/100/1000 Base-T ports with RJ-45 Connectors
•
8xE1 tributaries (HDR connector) for direct termination of E1s
•
Allows for indirect termination of up to 32 E1s via the backplane
AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
Node Plug-ins: Ethernet DACs
Three Ethernet DAC cards available
• Supports Ethernet + many feature options
• DAC ES
• 4 Electrical Fast Ethernet Ports
• DAC GE
• 4 Gigabit Ethernet ports, 3 Electrical + 1 SFP
• DAC GE3
• 5 Gigabit Ethernet ports, 3 Electrical + 2 SFPs
•
Discussed in more detail later in the training course
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DAC Protection
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Variant
Connection
Protectable
DAC 4x
4xE1/DS1
No
DAC 16x
16xE1/DS1
No
DAC 16x V2
16xE1/DS1
Yes
DAC 3xE3/DS3M
3xE3/DS3, 2xM13, 2x34 Mbps transparent E3
Yes
DAC 1x155o
1xSTM1/OC3
Yes
DAC 2x155o
2xSTM1/OC3
Yes
DAC 2x155e
2xSTM1 electrical
Yes
DAC 155oM
1xSTM1/OC3 optical to NxE1/DS1 mux
Yes
DAC ES
10/100Base-T Ethernet
No
DAC GE
10/100/1000Base-T and 1000Base-X optical
No
DAC GE3
10/100/1000Base-T and 1000Base-X optical
Yes
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Node Plug-ins: Optional
NPC
• Backs up NCC functions for:
• Backplane bus management (not hitless)
• Power supply (hitless)
• One per INU/INUe
• NCC may be withdrawn with an NPC installed
• Node must start with a valid NCC installed
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Node Plug-ins: Optional
PCC
• Power Conversion Card
• Provides a voltage conversion function for locations where
the power supply is +24Vdc. It converts + 24 (19 to 36)Vdc to
-56Vdc for connection to the INU -48Vdc input. -56Vdc
represents the typical float voltage for a battery-backed
-48Vdc supply.
• One PCC supports a maximum three ODUs, plus any
combination of RACs and DACs.
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ODU OVERVIEW
Eclipse ODUs: ODU 300hp
ODU 300hp
L6 to 38 GHz
High power transceiver
ODU 300
QPSK to 256 QAM modulation
33
Accommodates all Bandwidth options
Internal Diplexer (TX and RX Filters)
Integrated Surge Suppressor
Fully software configurable
High Performance
L6 to 38 GHz
QPSK to 256 QAM
AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
Compact size & weight
Direct antenna mount
Eclipse ODUs: ODU 300sp
ODU 300sp
Standard Performance
7 to 38 GHz
8 to 100 Mbps
QPSK to 32 QAM
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7 to 38 GHz (Not including 10.5 GHz)
7-28 MHz BW (ETSI only)
4x to 52x E1
Up to 100 Mbps Ethernet
QPSK, 16QAM, or 32QAM modulation
Older models do not support 32QAM
CAPEX optimized, standard performance/
capacity applications
Same mechanical design/ dimensions as
ODU300 hp
Fully software configurable
Low power consumption <30W
Eclipse ODUs: ODU 600
Supports all common 6 to 42 GHz frequency bands
ODU 600
Flexible Power Mode (FPM) - base & high power
operational modes in a single platform
3-6dB improvement in output power over ODU 300hp
Supports Channel BW 3.5-56MHz (ETSI)
Can be deployed in 1+0 unprotected, 1+1 MHSB,
1+1 SD and 2+0 XPIC configurations
Compatibility with Eclipse IDU/INU and ODU 300
Latest ODU
6 to 42 GHz
QPSK to 256 QAM
•
Over air compatibility with ODU 300hp
•
Common antenna interface
Supports QPSK to 256QAM
•
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1024QAM-ready, when supported by indoor unit
RAC-ODU cable connection
The RAC-ODU cable is also called the IF cable and carries:
• -48VDC to power the RFU
• 311MHz Transmit IF signal (up)
• 126MHz Receive IF signal (down)
• A pair a telemetry signals (5.5Mhz up and 4.5Mhz down) for
NCC to ODU communication
• A 10Mhz reference oscillator signal
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ODU
• Features
• Synthesized Local Oscillators for software controlled
frequency settings
• ATPC (Automatic Transmit Power Control)
• Internal Detector for monitoring Tx Power levels
• RSSI port for antenna alignment
RSSI Measurement
37
VDC
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.25
2.5
RSL
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
-100
AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
ODU Slip-fit Antenna Mount
• Proprietary direct ODU mount
• Eliminates waveguide losses
• Simple ‘twist & fit’
• No special tools or fiddling with clips
• Same direct mount on ODU Protection
Coupler
• Couplers available as equal loss or
unequal loss
• Optional remote mount kit available for
pre existing antennas
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Eclipse ODUs
•
ODUs are frequency band specific, but capacity independent within the band
•
ODUs are fixed for Tx high or Tx low operation
•
Antenna adaptor attachment lugs
ODUs are sub-banded by their
internal diplexers and, depending on
the set bandwidth, the software
adjusts the minimum and maximum
frequencies to ensure the whole
signal fits in the filter ranges
WG flange
Goretex air pressure equalization valve
IF cable connector
RSSI monitor
ODU 300hp/sp
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Eclipse ODUs
ODUs always mount diagonally as illustrated for direct antenna attachment.
Rotate ODU for polarization change; vertical to horizontal as illustrated.
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ODU 600
•
Compact design for
reduced footprint*:
• 5kg
• 265mm x 265mm
x 125mm
• 0.009 m3
•
Low DC power
consumption
(< 40 W)
•
-33 to + 55°C
operating
temperature range
* Specifications shown for
13-38GHz ODU600
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ODU 600 – Flexible Power Mode (FPM)
FPM
High Power
FPM S/
W
Upgrade
License
Base Power
• One Unit offers both a Base and High Power Mode
• High Power Mode is available with a Software License upgrade
• High Power Mode offers a 3dB increase in power
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PORTAL
Portal
• PC based element management tool
• Install once – auto updates to match
embedded SW
• Ethernet or V.24 connection to Eclipse
• Embedded HTML Online Help Files
• Works seamlessly with ProVision
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Eclipse IP addressing
IP address:
200.10.3.1
IP address:
200.10.1.1
IP address:
200.10.2.1
IP address: 200.10.1.2
Gateway: 200.10.1.1
IP address:
200.10.2.2
IP address:
200.10.4.1
Subnet Mask for everything in network: 255.255.255.0
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Eclipse IP addressing – Exercise
Fill in the blanks
IP address:
____________
IP address:
____________
IP address:
____________
IP address: __________
Gateway: __________
IP address:
____________
IP address:
192.168.1.1
Subnet Mask for everything in network: 255.255.255.0
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Portal Screens
•
Windows-like with menu driven structure
•
Screens are read from the radio
• Pull down and device icon right click menus
47
•
Progress indicators show read & send status
•
Non-configurable data is grayed-out
•
Mouse-over on-screen items for tooltips
•
Color coded alarm status
AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
Portal Logos & Icons
Logos
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Alarm Severity
Icons
Problem Icons
Opening Screen: System Summary (Node)
System Functions
Illustrates plug-in type,
function, location and
status
Protected RACs and DACs
are shown as a combined
function
Links show Configured capacity
Replaceable Units shows
physical layout and mirrors
function status
Circuits shown as connections between RACs and DACs
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Color indicates alarm severity
ECLIPSE PACKET NODE
Eclipse Packet Node
• Eclipse Packet Node is achieved with a RAC 60, RAC 6X or IDU GE3
16x by adding a Data Packet Plane (DPP) for direct routing of Native
Ethernet traffic to the RF channel
• RAC 60 and RAC 6X have a DPP port for direct connection to a DAC GE/
GE3
• Eliminates backplane limitations
• DPP must be enabled for both the RAC and a DAC GE/GE3 port and a
Group ID set the same for both
Protected RACs have the same Group ID for both and are connected to 2 DAC GE/
GE3 ports which also have the same Group ID
• For multiple RF channels us a different Group ID for each
•
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Eclipse Packet Node
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Configuration of RAC 60/6X and DPP
DPP settings
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Configuration of DAC GE3 and DPP
DPP settings
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DAC GE
DAC GE
Gigabit Ethernet with:
3 Electrical ports and 1 SFP port
Programmable switching fabric: transparent mode, VLAN mode, mixed
mode, or DPP VLAN Mode
Comprehensive QoS, policing & prioritization options
VLAN tagging (802.1q) and QinQ (802.3ac)
RWPRTM enhanced RSTP (802.1w)
Layer 2 link aggregation (802.3ad)
Layer 1 link aggregation
Flow control through pause-frame option
Jumbo frames to 9600 bytes
Comprehensive RMON & performance indicators
Low latency, less than 360 microseconds for 2000 byte packets
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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DAC GE: Basic Operation
•
Three RJ-45 10/100/1000Base-T ports & one
SFP Optical 1000Base-X port connect to an
Ethernet switch, which provides the bridge/switch
& queuing functions between the ports &
transport channels C1 & C2
•
Gate array (FPGA) provides
signal framing & interface
to the backplane bus
•
Switch also supports an
enhanced RSTP function &
layer 2 (L2) link aggregation
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DAC GE Plug-in Configuration Screen
Mode of
Operation
Transport
Channel
Capacity
Basic settings
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DAC GE: Modes of Operation
• Three or more operational modes (dependent on license and
configuration of radio):
• Transparent
• Mixed
• VLAN
• DPP VLAN (Node based license required)
• L1 Link Aggregation (feature license dependant)
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DAC GE: Modes of Operation
Transparent Mode
•
Transparent is the default, broadcast domain mode; all
ports and channels are interconnected.
Mixed Mode
•
Provides a two-LAN solution where LAN P1-C1 provides
dedicated transport for port 1 traffic. A second
transparent/broadcast mode LAN connection is provided
with P2, P3, P4 & C2 bridged.
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DAC GE: Modes of Operation
VLAN Mode
Supports four separate LANs. VLAN 1 is the same as
in Mixed Mode, where dedicated transport is
provided for port P1 traffic on channel C1.
• VLANs on ports P2, P3 and P4 are aggregated onto
a common trunk, channel C2. Internal VLAN tagging
ensures correct end-to-end matching of LANs over
the link.
•
DPP VLAN Mode
DPP VLAN mode is only enabled for DPP operation.
• It supports two port-based VLANs for DPPconnected RAC 60/6Xs. Each VLAN uses two paired
ports. One port is used for the DPP connection to a
RAC 60/6X, the other is the user port.
•
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AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
DAC GE: Transport Channel and DPP Capacity
Transport channel capacity for C1 and C2 is selected in multiples of:
• 1.54 Mbps with an Nx1.54 Mbps backplane bus
• 2 Mbps with an Nx2 Mbps backplane bus
• 155 Mbps with an Nx155 Mbps backplane bus
•
The channels are mapped via the FPGA to the backplane bus for cross-connection to a
RAC or RACs for a radio link
•
Cross connection via the backplane is configured in the Circuits screen
•
Radio Traffic can be a mix of backplane and DPP traffic
•
For DPP operation the port connecting to the RAC 60/6X DPP port is enabled in the DPP
screen, capacity is automatically set as remaining non-backplane connected capacity
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DAC GE: Basic Port Settings
Per Port selection is provided for:
• Enabled – per-port selection to enable port, enabled port will alarm if no signal is
detected. Port must be enabled to carry traffic
• Port up box will be ticked once valid Ethernet framing is detected
• Connection Type and Speed – per-port selection of auto negotiate or manual
settings for 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps, half or full duplex
• Resolved box will be ticked once port speed is auto-resolved
• Interface Cable Type – per port selection of auto or manual settings for Mdi or MdiX
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DAC GE: Global Settings
Flow Control
•
Flow Control is implemented through use of IEEE 802.3x pause frames, which tell the remote
node to stop transmission when the amount of data in the receive buffer hits a ‘high water
mark’. The receiver will signal to the transmitter to restart once sufficient data has been read
from the buffer, triggered by a ‘low water mark.
Maximum Frame Size
•
Sets the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) for the port, which determines the largest
datagram that can be transmitted without it being broken down into smaller units (fragmented) settable range is 64 to 9600 bytes
Address Learning
•
Address Learning is default implemented to support efficient management of Ethernet traffic in
multi-host situations. The option to disable is for use in a ring network where protection for
Ethernet traffic is provided by an external RSTP switch; not by the RWPR™ function within
DAC GE. The MAC address cache supports 8196 entries.
Link Status Propagation
•
64
Setting to shut down ports in the event of a radio link failure
AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
DAC GE: Priority Mapping Tab
Priority Mode provides selection of queue-controller operation for the
following options:
Port default enables the setting of a four-level port priority on each of the four ingress ports;
low, medium-low, medium-high, and high
•
Priorities are strict, for example when traffic is congested all higher priority traffic is sent
before the next lower priority traffic
802.1p provides prioritization based on the three-bit priority. Each of the possible eight tag
priority values are mapped into a four-level (2-bit) priority level.
DiffServ provides prioritization based on the six bits of the IP packet Type of Service field.
Each of the possible 63 levels are mapped into a four-level (2-bit) priority level.
No priority means incoming frames are passed transparently. No Priority is the default setting
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AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
DAC GE: VLAN Tagging
• VLAN Tagging enables the aggregation of two or more LANs on a common trunk.
This is accomplished by inserting a 4 byte field into an Ethernet frame between the
source MAC address and the EtherType/Length field.
• Various DAC GE modes of operation provide for automatic tagging and un-tagging
of frames on ingress and egress. Custom settings can be used to further define this
process.
• If VLANs are NOT used then every message sent is broadcast throughout the
LAN, this is called the broadcast domain.
• Segmentation into VLANs means that each broadcast domain is operated as a
separate virtual LAN on the same physical network;
• The 802.1q TCI field has settings for a VLAN ID (VID) and 802.1p priority code
point (PCP)
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DAC GE: VLAN Screen
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DAC GE: VLAN Tagging
The DAC GE VLAN tagging screen supports 802.1q VLAN tagging options and
802.1p prioritization options
Untagged frames can be tagged
• Frames with existing tags can also be tagged (double tagged)
• At the far end of the link, added tags can be removed or left intact (do nothing mode)
•
• With this capability DAC GE can tag, prioritize and aggregate traffic from two,
three or four ports onto a common radio trunk.
• At the far end of the DAC GE trunk, which may be over multiple hops, options
are provided to remove the VLAN tags applied by DAC GE, or allow them to
be retained intact for VLAN traffic management at downstream devices.
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AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
DAC GE: VLAN Tagging
•
Max 4 ports transported over a single radio link from Site X
•
Site X incoming tagged VLANs are double tagged for assignment to network provider destinations
•
Site Y is configured as transparent mode and all VLANs pass through all egress ports
•
Provider tagged VLANs forwarded to Site Z are stripped (outer tag) and forwarded based on inner tag
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DAC GE: Protection
DAC GE plug-ins are not Module-protectable
•
•
If plug-in redundancy is required, two parallel DAC GE - DAC GE links may be configured, and an
external aggregation switch used at each end to manage path contention & load sharing
•
Ring protection is provided by Aviat's enhanced RSTP function called RWPRTM (Resilient
Wireless Packet Ring). Without protection, loops will cause broadcast storms in Ethernet rings.
•
DAC GE traffic can be RAC protected via the Transport channels or DPP
Basic DPP Protection (DAC GE same as DAC GE3)
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DAC GE: RWPR
• Eclipse RWPR TM is an option on DAC GE modules which delivers much faster
reconvergence times than with a standard external RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree)
switch
• RWPR uses standard RSTP costs to determine the root bridge and the root paths
based on Bridge ID, Path Cost and Port Priority
• Eclipse RWPR achieves faster times through a proprietary rapid failure detection
(RFD) mechanism that eliminates the normal time-out period used by RSTP to
confirm a path failure.
• Transport channel mode must be set to Rapid Failure Detection
• RWPR may be used over Eclipse link-aggregated links and is typically enabled on
transport channels, DPP Ports, and ports connecting DAC GE’s together
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DAC GE RWPR Configuration Screen
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Link Aggregation
• When more capacity is needed than can be transported over one physical link,
link aggregation provides a solution
• Two or more physical links are established, and link aggregation is used to
provide one logical link with a capacity that is the sum of the individual links
• DAC GE supports link aggregation options at Layer 1 and Layer 2
• Link aggregation also provides redundancy
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DAC GE : L2 Link Aggregation
• L2 link aggregation using the DAC GE switch
• L2LA uses source and/or destination MAC address data in the Ethernet frame
MAC/LLC header
• With normal LAN traffic densities (16+ concurrent sessions), the layer 2
aggregation keying generally ensures equitable balancing of traffic between the
links to ensure that no one link is overwhelmed
• Where there is only a single MAC addresses in play, such as a connection
between two routers, load balancing is not effective; all traffic transits just one of
the links
• Where there are just a handful of MAC source and destination addresses in play,
link load balancing may be less than optimum, particularly if one or two streams
dominate the available bandwidth
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DAC GE: L2 Link Aggregation
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DAC GE: L2 Link Aggregation
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DAC GE: L2 Link Aggregation configuration
• L2LA is only supported in Transparent Mode
• Aggregation is configured in the Plug-ins screen for the DAC GE
• Tick the port boxes to select the port(s) and channel(s) to be aggregated
•
The sum of the aggregation weights of all ports and channels should be 16
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AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
DAC GE: L1 Link Aggregation
L1 link aggregation using circuit cross-connects on the INU/INUe
backplane bus
78
•
L1 (physical layer) aggregation acts on the backplane bus data stream on a per byte basis
•
Compared to L2LA, it provides optimum 50/50 payload balance regardless of the
throughput demands of individual user connections and is ideal for router to router
connections
•
L1LA requires a feature license
AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
DAC GE: L1LA with Separate INUs
Master DAC GE
• The master DAC GE provides the L1 link aggregation function. It provides the
customer connection to the link aggregated group
• AP1 always refers to the link/path provided from the INU that is hosting the master
DAC GE
•
Up to 3 slave ports (AP2-4) may be selected by ticking the adjacent box
• The Group ID should be the same for all masters and slaves on both ends of the links
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DAC GE: L1LA with Separate INUs
Slave DAC GE
• One port (any) is set to provide the physical connection to the master DAC GE.
• Ensure the slave number selected is correct for the intended path as set in the
master.
• Ensure the virtual container size (presently fixed) and number of virtual containers
is set to match the selection made in the master.
• Ensure the Group ID is set to match the Group ID selected in the master.
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DACGE3
DAC GE3
• DAC GE3 is an extended-feature DACGE switch plug-in. It
supports many of the functions currently provided by the DAC GE,
but importantly, it increases the number of transport channels and
front panel ports, extends the prioritization and scheduling options,
supports synchronous Ethernet, and enables card protection.
• DAC GE3 is a new plug-in and some features have not been
enabled in the initial SW release. Contact Aviat for information on
new SW releases
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DAC GE3
DAC GE3 features include:
83
•
Three RJ-45 10/100/1000Base-T ports
•
Two multi-purpose SFP ports with plug-ins for Optical or Electrical operation
•
Six transport channel (TC) ports; configurable for transparent, mixed, 1 to 1, or VLAN modes
•
Extended packet buffering and queuing.
•
Comprehensive traffic prioritization and scheduling options:
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
802.1p priority
DiffServ mapping (IPv4, IPv6)
MPLS Exp bit mapping
Strict priority scheduling
Deficit Weighted-Round-Robin (DWRR) scheduling
Hybrid strict + DWRR scheduling
Eight transmission queues
AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
DAC GE3 Basic Screen
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DAC GE3: Basic Screen
Per Port selection is provided for:
•
Usage – per-port selection to disable port, or enable port for Normal, Optical-Y, or DPP
operation. DPP setting allows for a Group ID to be set
•
A transport channel port will only show as enabled (Normal) if a valid circuit to it is
established using the Circuits screen.
•
Port up box will be ticked once valid Ethernet framing is detected
•
Connection Type and Speed – per-port selection of auto negotiate or manual settings for
10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, or 1000 Mbps half or full duplex, auto negotiate is the default setting
•
Fixed selections for speed and duplex apply only to electrical ports P1-P3; SFP ports P4-P5
are fixed to Auto (electrical SFP) or 1000 Mbps Full (optical SFP)
•
Resolved box will be ticked once port speed is auto-resolved
•
Channel Mode –selection of various failure detection modes on transport channels
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DAC GE3: Transport
Channel Capacity
Transport Channel Capacity For the DAC GE3 is set in the circuits screen
•
•
Once the circuit is created the capacity can be modified in the “circuits for” section
•
DPP capacity will be set automatically once it has been enabled on the RAC and DAC GE3. It will be
set all available non-backplane connected capacity
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DAC GE3: Advanced Screen
Per Port selection is provided for:
• Maximum Frame Size – per-port selection for 64 to 10,000 byte frame size
• Flow Control – per-port selection to enable or disable Flow Control
• Master/Slave – Per port selection of Master/Slave, which is used in conjunction with
Synchronous Ethernet
• Address Learning – Per port selection to disable or enable (default) address learning.
Should be disabled when used with an external RSTP switch
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DAC GE3: Modes of Operation
• Operational Modes are set with the cross-connect menu in the
VLAN screen. Pre-configured (default) cross-connect options are
provided, with basic and advanced options to customize their action.
Options are:
• 1 to 1
• Advanced
• Mixed
• Transparent
• VLAN (GE and ES Compatible) Mode
• VLANs over DPP
• Custom (custom configurations can be saved and exported to other nodes)
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DAC GE3: Modes of Operation
Transparent Mode
•
Transparent is the default, broadcast mode; all ports and
channels are interconnected.
Note: For all modes, diagram will only show connections for
ports and transport channels that have been enabled
1 to 1 Mode
•
Enables up to five dedicated port-to-channel connections: P1 to
C1,P2 to C2, through to P5 to C5.
Mixed Mode
•
Enables a pre-configured switch setting for:
P1 dedicated to C1
P2, P3, P4 and C2 inter-connected (bridged)
P5 and C3, C4, C5, C6 inter-connected (bridged).
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DAC GE3: Modes of Operation
VLAN (GE and ES Compatible) Mode
•
Enables a pre-configured port-based VLAN mode. This mode
is compatible (using C1 and/or C2 only) with the VLAN mode
supported by the DAC GE or DAC ES
VLANs over DPP Mode
•
Establishes port-based VLANs on the user ports. Traffic on
each port is held separate from the others over the radio link.
Figure shows P1 set for DPP (in Basic screen), and P2 to P5
for Normal
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DAC GE3: Modes of Operation
Advanced Mode
•
Enables the use of the Advanced settings in the VLAN table
•
Care must be exercised when using this option to ensure what is intended, is achieved
•
For most applications, one of the default (pre-configured) modes should be used, particularly so if the
VLANs are only needed to provide traffic segregation over the DAC GE3-DAC GE3 link
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DAC GE3: Modes of Operation
Custom Mode
• 1 to 1, Mixed, and Transparent mode port
and channel groupings can be customized
using the port/channel grouping table.
• The table is opened up by clicking on the tab
to the right side of the of the mode setting
• All ports and channels selected under a
group column will be inter-connected together
• The custom setting can be named, saved,
and exported to another DAC GE3 using
Portal
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DAC GE3 – QoS
The QoS (Quality of Service) screen is used to set prioritization and scheduling
Prioritization options include:
•
•
•
•
93
Port Default – Prioritization based on Port
802.1p – Prioritization based on three bits in the VLAN tag
DiffServ – Prioritization based on 6 bits in the Ethernet frame
MPLS EXP – Prioritization based on the 3 EXP bits in the MPLS label
AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
DAC GE3: Scheduler
•
Scheduler - Each port/channel has standard queue scheduling options of Strict Priority (SP), Deficit
Weighted Round Robin (DWRR), and a combination of SP with DWRR (Hybrid).
• Strict priority - the scheduler serves a lower priority queue only if all higher priority queues are
empty.
•
•
94
DWRR - the scheduler operates as weighted round-robin (WRR) with a deficit counter. A maximum
packet size number is subtracted from the packet length, and packets that exceed that number are
held back until the next visit of the scheduler.
Hybrid - enables a combination of strict with DWRR. A typical implementation
AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
DAC GE3 – Link Status Propagation
Link Status Propagation (LSP) is used to force a port shutdown at both ends of
a DAC GE3 link in the event of a failure, and to restore port operation at both
ends when normal operation returns.
Link Restore Timer - The ports will be restored to service (port shutdown removed) after
the selected timer delay - 1 second increments up to 60 minutes.
Link Hold Timer - The link ports will not be shut down until expiry of the hold time - 1
second increments up to 1 minute.
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DAC GE3 –Protection
DAC GE3 protection
• Two protection options: Y-Cable protection, & Dual Feed protection:
•
96
Y Cable Protection
•
Requires a protection cable interconnected between Port 5 of each DAC GE3
•
The Y- Cable is optical and must be connected to port 4 of each DAC GE3
•
Can be either backplane of DPP connected
AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
DAC GE3 –Protection
DAC GE3 Y-Cable protection:
Failure scenarios
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AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
DAC GE3 –Protection
Dual Feed
•
•
98
Requires a protection cable interconnected between Port 5 or each DAC GE3
Must be used with external equipment running a protection protocol such as OAM
Continuity Check Messaging (CCM) or Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).
•
Can use either optical or electrical ports
•
Can use either DPP or backplane connections
AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
IDU GE3 16x: Gigabit Ethernet + 16E1
16x E1/DS1 tributaries
6x GigE ports (4x 10/100/1000BaseT and 2x SFP electrical or optical)
Auxiliary data & alarm I/O options included
Bandwidths from 7 to 56Mhz
QPSK to 256QAM with Adaptive Coding & Modulation (ACM)
1+1 HSB and SD protection options
TDM and Ethernet circuits are both Y-cable protectable
Many of the same advanced Ethernet features as the DAC GE3
Supports ODU 300hp, ODU 300sp, or ODU 600
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IDU GE3 16x - Interfaces
1
•
•
•
•
•
•
100
2
3
4
1 – Power supply, fuse and Earth point
2 – IF interface
3 – Auxiliary data ports
4 – Alarm I/O ports
5 – Status LEDs
6 – Protection Port
AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
5
6
7
8
•
•
•
•
•
•
9
10
11
7 – Maintenance port
8 – NMS
9 – DS1/E1 ports
10 – Ethernet ports – 4 x 10/100/1000Base-T
11– Ethernet ports – 2 x Optional SFP
Compact flash memory slot in rear
ODU CONFIGURATION AND
PROTECTION
ODU Protection
Protection Options:
•
Non Protect 1+0
•
•
•
•
•
•
Hot-standby 1+1
Space Diversity
Frequency Diversity
Dual protection
Ring (ring wrapping)
Link Aggregation 2+0
• Protected ODU Pairs mount to a coupler
• RACs & ODUs are used in pairs and work
together to support protection
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ODU Protection
Coupler
• Direct mounting of ODUs
• Mounts directly to antenna
• Standard 3.5 / 3.5 dB splitter
• Optional 1.5 / 6.5 dB coupler
• Used for single-antenna hot-standby &
frequency diversity links
• Also used for 2+0 co-polar
arrangements
Coupler with one ODU removed
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Eclipse Node Protection – Hot Standby
A
ACTIVE
B
STANDBY
As soon as A or C fails, B or D take over.
Both A and B have the same frequency as well as C and D
Using an equal loss coupler, Revertive switching is not necessarily set but
using an unequal loss coupler, Revertive switching must be set for the low loss side
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C
ACTIVE
D
STANDBY
Eclipse Node Protection – Space Diversity
A
ACTIVE
Tx and Rx
C
ACTIVE
Tx and Rx
B
ACTIVE
Rx only
D
ACTIVE
Rx only
A is transmitting and receiving but B is receiving only
Both A and B have the same frequency as well as C and D
Receive switching between A and B, C and D is hitless
For ODUs, each ODU is mounted to a seperate antenna
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Eclipse Node Protection – Frequency Diversity
A
ACTIVE
f1
C
ACTIVE
f2
B
ACTIVE
A and B as well as C and D are active
They are working on different frequency pairs
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D
ACTIVE
Eclipse Node Protection
Dual Protection
• Two protected subordinate links are in turn protected by a higher,
master protection option:
•
RACs must be located in the same INUe
•
Except for Space Diversity pairings where two vertically separated antennas
are required, a single dual-polarized antenna can be used
• Dual protection options are:
107
•
Frequency diversity over hot-standby
•
Frequency diversity over space diversity
AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
Frequency Diversity over Hot Standby
A
ACTIVE
f1
D
STANDBY
B
STANDBY
E
ACTIVE
F
STANDBY
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AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
C
ACTIVE
f2
G
ACTIVE
H
STANDBY
Frequency Diversity over Space Diversity
A
ACTIVE
Tx and Rx
f1
f2
B
ACTIVE
Tx and Rx
E (f1)
ACTIVE
Rx only
F (f2)
ACTIVE
Rx only
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C
ACTIVE
Tx and Rx
f1
f2
D
ACTIVE
Tx and Rx
f1
f2
G (f1)
ACTIVE
Rx only
H (f2)
ACTIVE
Rx only
CCDP/XPIC
• N+N Co-Channel Operation (CCDP)
•
Eclipse supports CCDP operation to provide double the capacity over the same path, on the
same frequency channel, by deploying separate radio paths on vertical and horizontal
polarizations. This requires paired XPIC capable RAC 40 or RAC 6X plug-ins
•
The paired RACs can be in the same INU or separate INUs to overcome backplane limitations
•
The RAC has XPIC In and Out connectors which are cross connected to the partner RAC for
cancellation of co-channel interference
ACAP
110
CCDP
AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
SPDH Ring Protection
– Ring Mechanism
• Simple & Fast
• Local Decision
• Nodes Adjacent to Failure
loop (wrap) the traffic
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PDH Ring
SPDH Ring Protection
• Implemented by ‘east-west’ facing RAC/RFU combinations
from a single INU/INUe
• Eclipse manages failure detection & circuit re-routing - no
external equipment required
• Capacities up to 75xE1
• For ‘single gateway’ rings where all traffic on the ring is
sourced at one site, maximum ring capacities are 64xE1
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SPDH Ring Protection
• Primary & Secondary rings:
•
Under normal conditions all traffic is transported on the primary ‘clockwise’ ring;
the secondary ring is not used
•
Under fault conditions, traffic is wrapped onto the secondary ring at one side of
the break, and off at the other side, to bypass the break; circuits are ‘ringwrapped’
• Ring wrapping & unwrapping is not hitless
113
•
Wrapping: typically less than 100 ms restoration (traffic interruption) time
•
Unwrapping: revertive switch command is initiated on expiry of an error-free
timer, and optional time-of-day timer. Traffic interruption on restoration is not
more than 100ms
AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
SPDH Ring Protection
Gateway
Ring not broken
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AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
SPDH Ring Protection
Gateway
Ring broken
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RAC/RF Configuration
RAC Plug-in Screen
• RF settings need to be correct at both ends of the link for the link to sync up
• If a protected pair of RACs are to be used, first protect them in the protection
•
•
•
•
•
116
screen
Start by setting the BW/Modulation, which will have to be same at the other
end of the link. If Adaptive is chosen, a box will open to configure the ACM
steps
Bandwidth/Modulation should be known before installation
The NCC reads the fixed TX Hi/Low and filter information from the ODU
Tx/Rx Frequencies are further limited based on the configured Bandwidth
New radios will have a factory mute set which must be removed for the
transmitter to operate
AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
RAC/RF Configuration
RAC Plug-in Screen
Set BW /
Modulation first
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AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
Set frequency
and power
RAC/RF Configuration
• Bandwidth / Modulation
Select the
bandwidth and
modulation
from the dropdown screen
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AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
RAC 60/6X Configuration
• RSL
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AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
Determine RSL by going to RAC
diagnostics/performance screen
MAINTENANCE
Maintenance
• Preventive maintenance includes the following:
•
Ensure that all modules are tightly inserted in the shelf
•
Verify that all connectors are tight
•
Verify that all cables are in good condition and have no cuts, nicks or kinks
•
Via the Portal tool, verify that the TX power and RSLs are within acceptable/design limits and
view link history via event logs and performance/history screens to check for problems
•
Verify the condition of outdoor cabling, weatherproofing, and ground connections and repair if
necessary
•
Check to make sure the system software is up to date and upgrade if necessary
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Software Management
• Eclipse has many software files that are all bundled together as one software
Pak. Periodically updates are released. Aviat recommends keeping software up
to date
•
Check the support website for new software releases and software release notes for
information on what the software actually does
•
New software activation requires a reboot, which is traffic effecting. There are options to load
the new software and activate at a later time
•
The previous SW version is saved as the inactive version and it can be reverted to
•
To load new SW first save it to your hard drive and then use the browser in Portal to select it
•
Select the SW, choose an action and click start
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Software Management
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Maintenance
• NCC replacement
• In most cases the replacement of the NCC will require the Compact Flash
from the old card to be inserted in the new card
• The CF card carries the license, system software, and configuration, so no
reconfiguration or SW upgrades will be necessary
Compact Flash
Card Slot
Without CF Card
Slot with CF card installed
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ODU Maintenance
ODU replacement
• Ensure that ODUs are replaced with the same part number and re-installed with the
same orientation to prevent cross-polarization
• Before removal of IF cable always remove power by removing RAC downstairs. For
protected systems, make sure the correct RAC/ODU is removed.
• Always weatherproof re-connections with new Mastic and Vinyl tape and also use
conductive grease/paste on ground connections and silicon grease on feedhead Orings
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History Screen
• History is available for the
RAC/RFU and DAC GE
card
• The RAC/RFU history
data can be used to
troubleshoot fading and
other path problems
• The RAC/RFU data can
be saved and viewed with
Aviat’s PCR viewer for
more detail
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AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
Performance Screen
• Performance is available
for the RAC/RFU, DAC
GE, and DAC GE3 cards
• The RAC/RFU
performance screen is
where current RSL, Tx
Power, BER, and
temperature is read
• The RAC/RFU screen has
startable monitors to run
timed internal G826 link
testing (non traffic
effecting)
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AVIAT NETWORKS | January 2012
Portal Alarms
Portal includes comprehensive Node/Terminal Alarm display & diagnosis. Detailed
descriptions of all Portal Alarms are documented in Eclipse On-line Help.
All Portal alarms are displayed in an Alarm
Explorer tree layout. Only active alarms are
highlighted, & the displayed alarm color
indicates the severity.
Double clicking on any active alarm will open up Eclipse On-line Help, which will list the
Alarm Severity, the Probable Cause, Recommended Actions, & Additional Information.
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ECLIPSE PRODUCT TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Helpdesk Support
• Americas Technical Help Desk
– Toll-free in US: +1 800 227 8332
– TAC.AM@aviatnet.com
• EMEA Technical Help Desk
– +44 1698 717 230 UK
– +33 177 31 00 33 France
– TAC.EMEA@aviatnet.com
• Asia Pacific Technical Help Desk
– +63 45 599 5192
– TAC.APAC@aviatnet.com
• Or you can contact your local Aviat Networks office. Contact information
is available on our website at: http://www.aviatnetworks.com/services/
customer-support/service-centers/
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