EVOLUTION
OF ROBOTS
Montaha Ahmed
200204322
ORIGINS & HISTORY
• The word robots comes from
robota, a Czech Slavic word which
means a medieval peasant was
obliged to do for his medieval lord
without any payment.
• One of the oldest surviving
automata is something called the
Antikythera Mechanism, which is
the earliest known analogue
computer (built in Greece 100150 BC). It was used by the
Ancient Greeks to calculate the
positions of various astronomical
objects.
MORE HISTORY &
PROGRESS…
1495: The first “humanoid robot”;
Leonardo da Vinci designed and
possibly built several automata
though it was never confirmed
1645: The Pascalaine; Balise Pascal,
a French mathematician, invented a
calculating machine to help his
father with taxes
1865: The Steam; used to pull
wheeled carts and more
1709: Jacques de Vaucanson, French mechanic,
invented three automaton, a drum player, a flute
player and the Defecating Duck that could move
around, flap its wings.
MODERN HISTORY
1930 S
1937-1938: Elektro
Humanoid or human-like robot that
could walk, talk and smoke.
2.1 m and weighing 120 kg, it could walk
by voice command, speak about 700
words (using a 78-rpm record player),
smoke cigarettes, blow up balloons, and
move its head and arms. The body
consisted of a steel gear cam and motor
skeleton covered by an aluminium skin.
1940 S
1942: first programmable
mechanism: paint-sprayer.
Designed by Willard Pollard and
Harold Rosenlund for the
DeVilbiss Company.
1948: Elmer & Elise; first
electronic autonomous robots
with complex behaviour were
created by William Grey Walter of
the Burden Neurological Institute
at Bristol, England. They are also
known as the turtle robots that
were capable of finding their
charging station when their
battery runs low.
1950 S
1954: Unimate; The world's first ever
industrial robot, a giant robot arm,
weighing in at nearly a metric ton was
installed on a General Motors
production line in New Jersey.
It’s instructions programmed on a
huge magnetic drum told the arm to
stack and weld hot pieces of metal
over and over again.
The arms weren't flexible and often
powered by clunky hydraulics, and
were ultimately difficult to program.
1960 S
1968: R. Mosher’s Truck; the first manually controlled walking truck.
1969: WAP-1; the first biped robot designed by Professor Ichiro
Kato a robotics research at Waseda University.
1970 S
1973: Wabot-1; first full-scale
humanoid robot. Developed by
researchers at Waseda University in
Japan. It had arms, legs, and a vision
system. It could walk, it could pick
things up with its hands, it could even
talk but only reply with pre-recorded
responses to very specific statements.
It’s successor Wabot II could play the
piano.
1978: ACMVI (Oblix); snake imitating
robot
1980 S
1980: WL-9DR; Quasi dynamic walking, which used a
microcomputer as the controller
1985:Collie 1; a four legged walking machine
1989: AquaRobot; a walking robot for undersea use, created at
the robotics laboratory at the ministry of transport in Japan.
1990 S
1996: RoboTuna & P2; the robot was used
to study how fish swim
First self-regulating, bipedal humanoid
robot.
1997: NASA’s Path Finder; a wheeled
robotic rover that sent images and data
about Mars back to Earth
1998:Mindstorms; LEGO released their
robotic development product line, a
system for inventing robots using a
modular design and lego plastic bricks
1999: Aibo Robotic Dog; it walks, barks,
whines, growls, wags it’s tail and plays
with a ball
2000 S -PRESENT
2000: Sony Dream Robot; recognizes 10 different faces and
expresses emotion through speech and body language.
2002: Asimo; can walk at speeds of almost 6 km/h, climb up
and down stairs, carry a tray, push a cart, among other things.
2004: the smallest robot called RoboBee that can fly
developed at the Wyss Institute, Harvard. It’s the size of your
fingernail but needs to be tethered to a cable to power its
wings.
2011: Robonaut; the latest generation of the astronaut helpers,
was launched to the space station aboard Space Shuttle
Discovery on the STS-133 mission. first humanoid robot in
space, and although its primary job for now is teaching
engineers how dextrous robots behave in space.
2014: Pepper; the first robot that is able to recognize human
emotion.
2017: Sofia; a social humanoid robot developed by the Hong
Kong-based company Hanson Robotics. The first robot given a
citizenship.
2019: Walker; commercially available robot.
THE FUTURE
More than 120 million workers worldwide (11.5 million in the U.S. in 2020) will
need retraining just in the next few years due to displacement caused by artificial
intelligence and robots, according to a recent IBM Institute for Business Values study.
Not all of them will get that retraining, of course, but the ones who do will be more
apt to land new types of jobs ushered in by the robot revolution.
Experts say the more robots outperform humans, the more humans will be
expected to keep up. The development of technologies that facilitate new tasks, for
which humans are better suited, could potentially lead to a much better future for
workers. While the widespread introduction of computers into offices certainly
displaced millions of secretaries and typists, the new tasks in associated industries
meant new occupations, including computer technicians, software developers and IT
consultants.
SOUR CE S:
S C I S H OW : H T T P S : / / W W W. YO U T U B E . C O M / WAT C H ? V = U O C 2 Z G R I 8 A 8
T H E G O O D S T U F F : H T T P S : / / W W W. YO U T U B E . C O M / WAT C H ? V = T K - H 4 OAT YS I
WAT C H M E D I A : H T T P S : / / W W W. YO U T U B E . C O M / WAT C H ? V = U Z F - K 7 U T D 7 8
W I K I P E D I A : H T T P S : / / E N . W I K I P E D I A . O R G / W I K I / H I S TO RY _ O F _ RO B OT S
H T T P S : / / W W W. A N A LY T I C S I N S I G H T. N E T / T H E - E VO L U T I O N - O F - RO B OT I C S - T H E S TO RY- B E H I N D - A N D - I T S - F U T U R E /
H T T P S : / / W W W. W I R E D. C O M / S TO RY / W I R E D - G U I D E - TO - RO B OT S /
H T T P S : / / S TA RWA R S . U B T RO B OT. C O M / ? L S = E N
H T T P S : / / B U I LT I N . C O M / RO B OT I C S / F U T U R E - RO B OT S - RO B OT I C S
H T T P S : / / W W W. F U T U R E L E A R N . C O M / I N F O / B L O G / G E N E R A L / I N T RO D U C T I O N RO B OT I C S - F U T U R E RO B OT S # : ~ : T E X T = T H E % 2 0 RO B OT I C S % 2 0 I N D U S T RY % 2 0 I S % 2 0 E X P E C T E D, C L E A N I N G
% 2 C % 2 0 D E L I V E R I N G % 2 C % 2 0 A N D % 2 0 T R A N S P O RT I N G
THANK YOU!