STUDENTS' INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES) UNDERTAKEN AT: ZELO ELECTRICAL SERVICES (ZES) IN SHELL RESIDENTIAL AREA, ABA ROAD, PORT HARCOURT BY OMOVIYE JOSHUA EMIEZI (Matric No. FNG/10/11/180808) DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONICS & COMPUTER ENGINEERING 400 Level BEING A TECHNICAL REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONICS & COMPUTER ENGINEERING FACULTY OF ENGINEERING DELTA STATE UNIVERSITY, OLEH CAMPUS IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING(B.ENG) IN ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING. DECEMBER 2014 1 DEDICATION This Industrial Training work is dedicated to Jehovah God for His loving kindness and protections over the years and to my priceless and beloved Brother with His Wife Mr. & Mrs. OGHENEOVO S. OMOVIYE Whose love and virtues have been a motivational force in my life 2 CERTIFICATION This is to certify that OMOVIYE JOSHUA EMIEZI, actually had his six months industrial training with The Electrical Department of ZELO ELECTRICAL SERVICES Company, (ZES) SHELL Residential Area, Port Harcourt. -------------------------------- ---------------------- Engr. O. Abraham Date (Industrial Base Supervisor) ------------------------------ ------------------------ Engr. U.K Okpeki Date (Institution Base Supervisor) -------------------------------- ------------------------- Engr. C. Otuagoma Date (Head of Department) 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Words are not adequate enough to express my deep and sincere appreciation to Mr. EZEKIEL ITULE for putting in so much effort, time, energy, personal sacrifice, and endless patience to make sure that I was attached to a recognized company of my field (Electrical Engineering) where I can gain the needed experience to start my career as Electrical Engineer. I profoundly thank Engr. Abraham Oputun (my Industrial Base Supervisor) of Electrical Engineering department, Zelo Electrical Services for His immense contribution in area of Electrical. His criticisms and constant supply of knowledge to make sure that I achieve my aim of Industrial Training. I also wish to credit Mr. Igho Gbagbeke of Electrical Engineering, Zelo Electrical Services for putting in so much effort, time, energy, personal sacrifice, and endless patience to keep explaining all aspect of Electrical to me, making sure that I achieve my aim. 4 TABLE OF CONTENT Title - - - - - - - - - - Dedication - - - - - - - - - Certification - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Acknowledgement Abstract - Table of content CHAPTER ONE 1.0 Introduction - - - - - - 1.1 Zelo Electrical Services - - - - - - 1.2 Field of (business) Activity/ Responsibilities - - - 1.3 Self Concept 1.4 Shell (SPDC) Port Harcourt 1.5 - - - - - - - - - - - - Shell Business Activities in Nigeria - - - - 1.6 Shell in Nigeria by Numbers - - - - 1.7 Shell Contribution to Nigeria - - - - - - - - - - Siwes workplace (Zelo's Profile) - - - - CHAPTER TWO Description of Attachment 2.1 2.1.1 Zelo's Departments - - - - - - - 2.1.2 Fire Alarm Department: - - - - - - 2.1.3 Electrical Department: - - - - - - 2.1.4 - - - - - - 2.2 working Place (Shell Environment) - - - - 2.2.1 Task Description Zelo's Experience - - - - - - - - - - - - - CHAPTER THREE 3.1 The Electrical Group - 5 3.1.1 Roles of the Electrical Group - - - - 3.1.2 Electrical Group Activities - - - - - 3.1.3 Electrical Group Deliverables - - - - - 3.1.4 Computer Softwares used by the Electrical Group are: 3.2 - Skills and Practices Acquired as an Industrial Trainee - 3.2.1 Skills Acquired - - - - - - - - - - - - - - CHAPTER FOUR 4.1 Summary - - - - - - - - 4.2 Recommendation - - - - - - - 4.4 Conclusion - - - - - - - - Reference Appendix 6 ABSTRACT This report is aimed at explaining key areas of my training under the Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme undertaken at ZELO ELECTRICAL SERVICES (ZES). It gives a brief introduction about ZES, an indigenous Electrical Company relevant in the oil & gas industry. It also gives a good representation of the organizational structure and the interconnectivity of the various Engineering and Services Departments. Effort was made to explain the role of the Electrical Engineering Department, bearing in mind the various electrical facilities and relevant software. Adequate coverage has been given to the operations and maintenance training I received, as well as the specific type of work I was engaged in. 7 CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION THE SIWES The Engineering discipline is practical in nature and mainly hinged on experience. Hence there is great need for any student aspiring to be a professional engineer to have some form of work experience while studying at school, in a reputable engineering firm related to his/her course of study. Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is in accordance with the federal government policy of technical education to enable students to be exposed to the working experience in industries and to enable them to be useful to their employers practically and not theoretically alone. The Student’s Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) gives students the opportunity to gain some relevant experience before leaving the campus. The experience gotten by the students during the SIWES program would enable them quickly fit into the industry upon graduation. I had my work experience at the Zelo Electrical Services Company Limited (ZES), a subsidiary of SHELL, and an indigenous engineering firm. At ZES, I learnt the fundamentals of electrical engineering; computer aided electrical design, AutoCAD, and other relevant software such as Plant design management system (a 3D drafting software), Chalmlite (a lighting design software). My day to day activities at ZES were recorded in the log book. 1.1 ZELO ELECTRICAL SERVICES Zelo electrical services is a registered and well recognized electrical company that has been in existence since 1990, it is a contractor company to SHELL (SPDC) .zelo electrical services is a one man company owned by Engr Emmanuel Okoro an electrical engineer. The company has the total numbers of 8 8 (eight) employees and 3 (three) contract staff, which are all professional in the field of electrical and fire alarm. The company head office is located at KM.1 Ughelli Patani Road, Opposite Cosco Filling Station, Okuokoko, Warri, Delta State. And has branches at SHELL Residential Area, Aba/Road Port Harcourt and SHELL Industrial Area, old Aba Road, Port Harcourt. 1.2 FIELD OF (BUSINESS) ACTIVITY/ RESPONSIIBILITIES Zelo electrical services are into electrical wiring, electrical devices installation, fire alarm installation and procurement of safety PPE (personal protection equipment) materials. 1.3 SELF CONCEPT Zelo electrical services company renders electrical services such as domestic and industrial wiring, procurement of PPE (personal protective equipment), safety materials, and electrical integrity testing such as continuity test, insulation test and polarity test, as well as fire alarm devices installation to companies, industries and individuals. CONTINUITY TEST: This is to ensure integrity of the live, neutral and earth conductors without bridging (short circuit) of connection. INSULATION TEST: this test is to ensure that there is a high resistance between live and neutral conductors and these conductors and earth conductors, a low resistance will result in current leakage and energy waste which could deteriorate the insulation and be a potential fire hazard. POLARITY TEST: this is to ensure that all switches and circuit breakers are connected in the phase or live conductor. 9 1.4 SHELL (SPDC) PORT HARCOURT Shell has been active in Nigeria since 1957, and its business activities in Nigeria are exploring and producing oil and gas onshore as well as offshore and gas sales and distribution. Shell also has an interest in Nigeria largest liquefied natural gas plant (NLNG) shell offices are based in Port Harcourt, Warri, Lagos, and Abuja. 10 Shell maintained the core value of honesty, integrity, and respect for people, and this has form the basis of the shell general business principles. 1.5 SHELL BUSINESS ACTIVITIES IN NIGERIA *The shell petroleum development company of Nigeria Ltd (SPDC) operates Nigeria largest oil and gas joint venture on behalf of Government-owned Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation (55%), SPDC (30%), TEPGN (10%) and NAOC (15%). * Shell Nigeria gas (SNG) is the only international oil and gas company to set up a gas distribution company in Nigeria to supply industry customers. * shell Nigeria exploration and production company (SNEPCO) operates the Bonga, Nigeria’s first deep waters oil discovering ,the Bonga facility has the capacity to produce more than 200,000 barrels per day of oil and 150mm standard cubic feet of gas per day. 11 1.6 SHELL IN NIGERIA BY NUMBERS *Since the 1960`s SPDC has been at the forefront of efforts to develop Nigeria’s gas resources as pioneer and a leading producer, and is also a leading supplier of gas to domestic customers. *SPDC Operates the bonny guide oil terminal, it is the largest of its kind in Africa. The bonny associated gas plant can harness 20million standard cubic feet of gas a day enough to provide power to more than 200,000 average European households. 1.7 SHELL CONTRIBUTION TO NIGERIA Its main contribution to Nigeria is through the taxes and royalties they pay to the federal government. The joint venture operated by the shell petroleum development company of Nigeria Limited (SPDC) has contributed about $42 billion to the government in the five years (2008-2012). 12 CHAPTER TWO DESCRIPTION OF ATTACHMENT 2.1 SIWES WORKPLACE (ZELO's Profile) Description of SIWES workplace: NAME: ZELO ELECTRICAL SERVICES ADDRESS: SHELL Residential Area, Aba Road, Port Harcourt ZELO's HISTORY Zelo electrical services is a registered and well recognized electrical company that has been in existence since 1990, it is a contractor company to SHELL (SPDC) .zelo electrical services is a one man company owned by Engr Emmanuel Okoro, an electrical engineer. The company has the total numbers of 8 (eight) employees and 3 (three) contract staff, which are all professional in the field of electrical and fire alarm. The company head office is located at KM.1 Ughelli Patani Road, Opposite Cosco Filling Station, Okuokoko, Warri, Delta State. And has branches at SHELL Residential Area, Aba Road, Port Harcourt and SHELL Industrial Area, old Aba Road, Port Harcourt. Vision "To be a world class Engineering Company." Mission "To provide world class engineering services in the oil and gas industry." 13 Quality Policy "To satisfy and strive to exceed customer requirements through continuous demonstration of quality and active participation of all employees". 2.1.1 ZELO's Departments The various departments in ZELO and their functions with respect to project execution are: Technical Departments • Engineering: - It is the heart of ZELO. Preparation of engineering design and studies. • Project Controls: - Project planning and scheduling, cost estimating, cost engineering and information technology. • Projects: - Co-ordinates the engineering activities being undertaken during any project including arranging for site visits, liaison with the customers to inform them about the progress of their projects. Management of all capital projects. • Procurement: - Management of procurement function for operations. Provides materials needed by the other departments and keeps stock of what is available in the stores at any point in time. • Construction: - Management of construction activities. • Training: - Organize/arrange staff development programs like on-the-jobtraining, short- term courses and seminars, overseas rotational training etc, to ensure that ZELO's personnel are informed of technological advancement in the industry. It ensures employee development. 14 2.1.2 FIRE ALARM DEPARTMENT: Fire alarm department of ZELO ELECTRICAL SERVICES COMPANY is a department with the total numbers of four (4) staff. This department is directly in charge of fire alarm devices equipment installation, fire safety equipment installation, such as fire extinguishers, fire call point etc. this department is also in charge of procurement, supply of PPE (personal protective equipment) materials and fire safety devices . 2.1.3 ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT: Electrical department of ZELO ELECTRICAL SERVICES COMPANY is a department with the total numbers of four (4) staff. Electrical department is directly in charge of electrical domestic and industrial wiring, electrical devices installation, electrical integrity testing and procurement/supply of electrical materials such as cables, lighting fittings and power equipment such as industrial sockets, water heaters, and electronics equipment such as cctv cameras 2.1.4 ZELO's EXPERIENCE Since its inception, ZELO has executed more than 100 projects of varying magnitude and cost implications. Among these projects are: • Installation and maintenance of FM200 smoke detector and fire alarm panel at SPDC west • Installation and maintenance of fire alarm panels at SPDC west. • Conceptual design for the Cawthorne Gas injection/supply project for Shell. 2.2 WORKING PLACE (SHELL ENVIROMENT) Shell environment is a very safe place to work, because they place a high priority on safety. They have the goal of zero injury, zero accident, and zero 15 fatality. They strongly believe that their goal is attainable, so for this reason we work with a valid permit, we put on the respective PPE materials associated with our daily job task and we work in a safe condition on a daily basis. Because they have the rule that is either you work safe or you don’t work at all. 2.2.1 TASK DESCRIPTION Troubleshooting: this is the process of tracing to rectify fault that the cause is unknown .i.e. if some lighting in a circuit are not lighting while others in the same circuit are working, first you test the lighting point of the once that are not working to see if there is supply, if there is current in both live and neutral conductors you will know that the neutral has cut off at a point, and it is known as short circuit. Electrical wiring: this is the networking system or arrangement of cables for the free flow of current in a circuit. Type of wiring includes: (1) CONDUIT WIRING: this is the process whereby electric cables are arranged systematically in a wall through the use of PVC pipe in order to transfer energy from one point to another in a circuit. (2) CLEAT WIRING: this is a system of wiring done in an industry with the help of a cleat chip made of different types of groove. INTEGRITY TEST: this is the process of testing completed electrical installations to verify that the system will operate efficiently and safely. The tests are extensive, as defined in the institution of electrical engineers regulations. They can only be carried out by a competent person, i.e. a qualified electrician or electrical engineer. 16 THE FOLLOWING TESTS ARE AN ESSENTIAL PART OF THE PROCESSINGS: (1) DEAD TEST: - this is the process of testing completed installations without power supply. The aim is to test the continuity to ensure integrity of the live, neutral and the earth conductors without bridging (short circuit). Testing the insulation to ensure that there is a high resistance between live and neutral and earth conductors. Testing polarity to ensure all switches and breakers are connected to phase, live conductors. (2) LIVE TEST this is the process of testing completed installation with power supply. The aim is to know the load that is connected to each circuit, each phase and entire 415v that is supplied. During this test we also test for earth loop to know the effectiveness of the installation earthling system. Integrity test is undertaking by visual inspection and the use of a multipurpose meter (multimeter) or an instrument specifically for recording resistance i.e. an ohmmeter or megger. 17 CHAPTER THREE 3.1 THE ELECTRICAL GROUP INTRODUCTION Usually, a typical project begins in the process group with the conceptual or basic design. The process group develops the initial block diagrams, evaluates all the options, and proposes the best alternative for the project. Other disciplines (Electrical group inclusive) will then work on what the process group has put down. 3.1.1 ROLES OF THE ELECTRICAL GROUP On any project, the Electrical group is concerned with the following: To design a system that delivers energy or electricity to utilization points. To design a system that is reliable, economical and operationally flexible. To ensure that the system designed is safe for both personnel and equipment. 3.1.2 ELECTRICAL GROUP ACTIVITIES To achieve the above objectives, the following activities are usually carried out by the electrical group: Develop design criteria. Formulate power generation/distribution philosophy. Carry out load shedding and/or sharing duties. Carry out transient and earth fault condition analysis. Develop electrical equipment specifications. Carry out electrical equipment sizing and selection. Prepare material requisition(MR) and Bill of Quantities(BOQ) for electrical equipment. 18 Technical bid analysis. Produce electrical deliverables. 3.1.3 ELECTRICAL GROUP DELIVERABLES Deliverables are documents produced by a group with respect to the scope of the project. The deliverables produced by the electrical group are: Single line diagrams Electrical layout drawing Schematic and interconnection drawings Hazardous area classification Material Requisition (MR) Supplementary Drawing Data sheets Cable schedules Installation details Specifications 3.1.4 COMPUTER SOFTWARES used by the Electrical group are: AutoCAD Plant Design Management System (PDMS) Microsoft Excel Microsoft Word Chalmlite Multisim 19 3.2 SKILLS AND PRACTICES ACQUIRED AS AN INDUSTRIAL TRAINEE As a student under the SIWES at ZELO, I was exposed to standard Engineering design practices. The projects executed at ZELO ensured that Engineers worked in teams, hence, I was taught to be a team player, and a good one at that. I received training in the following areas of electrical engineering practice: 1. Computation of Load list: This is one of the starting point for the electrical group activities. For any given project, it is important to know the specific number of electrical loads on site. This is to ensure adequate sizing of power sources, cables, distribution boards etc. I learnt how to compute a load list, which is usually a Microsoft Excel document showing all intended loads, their tag numbers, current, voltage and power ratings, efficiencies, power factors, and service duty. 2. Generation of single line diagrams: There were many instances where I was required to develop one or single line diagrams. The electrical load list came in very handy in such instances. A single line diagram is a schematic drawing that uses graphical symbols and standard nomenclature to illustrate the overall configuration of an electrical system. The single line diagram shows diagrammatically the conceptual/detailed design for power generation and distribution on a site, interconnections between various loads, Generation philosophies, load layouts, busbars and their respective voltage levels, system protection devices, amongst others. These are well shown on single line diagrams with standard electrical symbols. I received extensive training on the use of autoCAD, which is the software used by the electrical group to draw one line diagrams. Figure 3 below shows a single line diagram which I drew with 20 the aid of autoCAD for the R.A Club Kitchen, whose load summary is shown in Figure 3.1 Fig. 3 Fig. 3.1 21 3. Equipment sizing and Cable sizing: Areas covered here includes Generator sizing, Transformer sizing, circuit breaker sizing, and cable sizing calculations. I also learnt about the relevant standards and codes as regards equipment sizing and cable selection, such as the National Electric Code (NEC), and the National Electric Manufacturers Association (NEMA) codes. As part of my training, I was given an assignment on equipment and cable sizing in the R.A Club kitchen equipment project. The calculations I carried out are shown below: CALCULATIONS SIZING OF EQUIPMENT IN THE CLUB KITCHEN PROJECT SIZING OF TRANSFORMERS AND GENERATORS FORMULA USED: GEN. SIZING: RUNNING LOAD (RL) = TOTAL CONTINUOS LOAD INTERMITTENT LOAD. PEAK LOAD (PL) = RUNNING LOAD +20% STANDBY LOAD. TRANSFORMER SIZE I.25 *PEAK LOAD. ASSUMPTION: USING N+1 PHILOSOPHY. ≅ GENERATOR SIZING. GENERATOR SIZING (USING N+1 PHILOSOPHY) RL = 30691.65 + (0.3*1524.18) = 31148.90 KVA PL = 31148.90 +70.60 = 31219.56 KVA FUTURE EXPANSION = 25% PL = 1.25*31219.56 = 39024.45 KVA 22 +30% FOR N + 1 GEN.; WHERE N = 2 PL/2 = 19512.25 KVA GENERATOR SIZE = 3 Nos. 20 MVA GENERATOR. TRANSFORMER SIZING: T1 (11\ 33 KV) RL = 30,000 KVA PL =30,000 KVA*1.25 =37,500 KVA T1 SIZE = 37.5 MVA. T2 (11\6.6 KV) RL = 414 KVA PL = 414*1.25 = 517.5 KVA T2 SIZE = 750 KVA. T3 SIZE (11\0.4 KV) RL =336.25 + 16.5 =352.75 KVA PL = 352.75* 1.25 = 440.94 KVA T3 SIZE = 500KVA T4 SIZE (11\0.4 KV) RL =336.25 + 16.5 =352.75 KVA PL = 352.75* 1.25 = 440.94 KVA T4 SIZE = 500KVA T5 SIZE (11\0.4 KV) RL = 355.4 + 26.75 = 282.15 KVA PL = 382.15 + 70.60 = 452.75 KVA 452.75*1.25 = 565.94 KVA T5 SIZE = 750 KVA 23 T6 SIZE (11\0.4 KV) RL = 355.4 + 26.75 = 282.15 KVA PL = 382.15 + 70.60 = 452.75 KVA 452.75*1.25 = 565.94 KVA T6 SIZE = 750 KVA CABLE SIZING: FORMULA USED: I = P / (3*V) AMP + 25% I (future expansion) GENERATOR CABLE SIZING: I = 20MVA / (3*11KV) = 1049.73 * 1.25 = 1312.15A CB SIZE: 1200A CABLE SIZE: TRANSFORMER CABLE SIZING: T1: PRIM: I = 37.5MVA / (3*11KV) = 1968.24A * 1.25 = 2450.3A CB SIZE: 2000A CABLE SIZE: SEC: I = 37.5MVA / (3*33KV) = 656.08A * 1.25 = 820.10A CB SIZE: 700A CABLE SIZE: 24 T2: PRIM: I = 750KVA / (3*11KV) = 39.36A * 1.25 = 49.20A CB SIZE: 40A CABLE SIZE: SEC: I = 750KVA / (3*6.6KV) = 65.61A * 1.25 = 82.01A CB SIZE: 70A CABLE SIZE: T3: PRIM: I = 500KVA / (3*11KV) = 26.24A * 1.25 = 32.80A CB SIZE: 30A CABLE SIZE: SEC: I = 500KVA / (3*0.4KV) = 721.69A * 1.25 = 902.11A CB SIZE: 800A CABLE SIZE: T4 PRIM: I = 500KVA / (3*11KV) = 26.24A * 1.25 = 32.8A CB SIZE: 30A CABLE SIZE: SEC: I = 500KVA / (3*0.4KV) = 721.69A * 1.25 = 902.11A CB SIZE: 800A CABLE SIZE: T5 = T6 PRIM: I = 750KVA/ (3*11KV) = 39.37 * 1.25 = 49.21A 25 CB SIZE: 40A CABLE SIZE: SEC: I = 750KVA/ (3*0.4KV) = 1366.63 * 1.25 = 1708.27A CB SIZE: 1600A CABLE SIZE: These current values are also used for sizing the transformer and generator CBs. CABLE AND CIRCUIT BREAKER SIZING FOR LOADS Formula used: I = P/ ((3*V) Type of cable: PVC insulated, armoured, installed in air. BUS A: Four starter motors I = 7500KVA/ ((3*33KV) = 131.2A * 1.25 = 164A CB = 150A Cable size = 70mm 2 PVC, ARMOURED BUS B: Generator starter motor I = 690KVA/(3*6.6KV) = 60.4A *1.25 = 75.5A CB= 70A CABLE SIZE = 35mm2 26 BUS C: I = 55KVA/(3*0.4KV) = 79.39A*1.25 = 99.2A Wharf burner fuel 1 & 2 CB: 80A Cable size: 35mm2 Bunker fuel heating load I = 162.5KVA/(3*0.4KV) = 234.6A *1.25 = 293.2A CB: 250A Cable size: 185mm2 BUS D: Causeway lighting I = 18.4 * 1.25 = 22.55A CB: 20A cable size: 2.5 mm2 HVAC supply I = 27.06 * 1.25 = 33.83A CB: 30A Cable size: 6 mm2 Office and Amenities I = 126.30A * 1.25 = 157.88A CB: 150A 27 Cable size: 70 mm2 BUS E: UPS I = 7.22A *1.25 = 9.03A CB: 15A Cable size: 1.5 mm2 Warehouse supply 2 I = 10.83A * 1.25 = 13.5A CB: 15A Cable size: 1.5 mm2 Obstruction lighting I = 1.80A * 1.25 = 2.25A Cable size: 1.5 mm2 CB: 15A Warehouse supply 1/ Wkshop supply I = 32.46A * 1.25 = 40.6A CB: 35A; cable size: 6 mm2 Gate house supply I = 18.04A *1.25 = 22.6A CB: 25A cable size: 2.5 mm2 28 BUS F P1 = P2 CB: 125A CABLE SIZE: 35 mm2 P3 = P4 CB: 50A CABLE SIZE: 10 mm2 P5 = P6 CB: 125A CABLE SIZE: 70 mm2 P7 = P8 CB: 300A CABLE SIZE: 185 mm2 P9: CB: 15A CABLE SIZE: 1.5 mm2 P10, P11, P12: CB: 15A CABLE SIZE: 1.5 mm2 29 4. Electrical Layout drawings (Earthing, Cable, and Lighting layout): An electrical layout drawing gives a plan view of an area (e.g a Flow station), and shows by means of appropriate sign conventions, such features as the earthing grid(earthing layout), electrical cable route(cable routing layout), location of lighting towers/fixtures(lighting layout) etc. I was trained on how to draw layout drawings using auto CAD. I learnt about the various factors to be considered before layout drawings/designs are produced. 5. Hazardous Area classification/drawings: I was also trained on how to produce hazardous area drawings using autoCAD. A hazardous area is a three-dimensional space in which a flammable atmosphere may be expected to be present at such frequencies as requires special precautions for the construction and use of all electrical apparatus. The purpose of these drawings is to provide assistance in selecting the correct certified equipment for hazardous zones (as will be clearly noted on the drawing) such as petrochemical plants, refineries, gas plants, oil terminals, etc. 6. Supplementary drawings (Cable schedules, Distribution board schedules, Schematics and Interconnection drawings, Installation details, Specifications): These drawings are also produced at later electrical design stages for a project. I was also opportuned to see how these drawings were produced and their relevance to the project. The training I received involved the use of the following computer aided design/application software: • AutoCAD • Chalmlite ( a software for lighting design and calculations). • Plant design Management system (PDMS). AutoCAD It is a computer aided drawing software. It is used by the electrical group to draw single line diagrams, electrical layout drawings, hazardous area drawings, 30 distribution board schedules, schematics and interconnection diagrams, power layouts etc. The AutoCAD design package is a general purpose software. It is an extremely powerful tool. The speed and ease at which a drawing can be prepared and modified using a computer offers a phenomenal advantage over hand preparation. There is virtually no limit to the kind of drawings that can be prepared using the software. AutoCAD provides a set of entities for use in constructing a drawing. An entity is a drawing element such as a line, circle, or text string annotations. The effect of every change appears immediately, thus enabling the designer to take immediate decisions concerning size, aesthetics and taste of the designer. Other AutoCAD functions allow modifications of the drawing in a variety of ways e.g. erasing or moving entities or copying them from repeated patterns. The view of the drawing displayed on the screen can be changed, or information about the drawing can be displayed. The use of layers and assigning colours to the different layers enhances the appearance of the end product and aids in detecting errors in the drawing that would otherwise have gone undetected. The final drawing can then be plotted with a pen plotter or printer plotter. The importance of this software can be more appreciated in that is saves time and cost in the production of drawings, by providing the engineer with a mature tool to work, thus, ensuring a more professional and accurate output. The activities of the electrical group to which to which I was attached, involved the extensive use of autoCAD. 3.2.1 SKILLS ACQUIRED By virtue of the training I received and exposure, I have acquired the following skills from the SIWES workplace (i.e. ZELO): 31 Proficiency in the use of AutoCAD. Proficiency in the use of Microsoft EXCEL for the development of spreadsheets. Ability to use chalmlite to carry out lighting design and calculations. Ability to use Plant design Management System (PDMS) - a 3D drafting software. Ability to work effectively in a team, and to communicate effectively with others. 32 CHAPTER FOUR 4.1 SUMMARY The purpose of this SIWES program is to bridge the gap between classroom and the industries so that student will be well prepared for the task ahead after their schooling. So this 6months SIWES program has expose me to real Electrical Installation works, it has really help me to bridge the gap between the classroom and the industry, this industrial training really gave me an insight to the task that lies ahead of me in my chosen career “Electrical Engineering”. So this Industrial Training Report is aimed to picture the various task that is being carried out in the industry on the field of Electrical Engineering, the skill acquired and the challenges on the aspect of Innovation and Creation in order to make the world a comfortable place for humans. 4.2 RECOMMENDATION I will advise that more Electrical engineering students be posted to the organization for their SWEP and SIWES. Also, the ITCC should find a way to liaise with the company that students on IT be given transport allowance or there should be provision of a staff bus for the students, being an example I spent an average of 500 naira daily during the course of the IT. The ITCC should also ensure frequent visit of supervisors to the companies where students are posted so as to enable students to be serious minded for the duration of the IT. Students should be posted on time to ensure that there is time to get enough knowledge of what they should learn at their respective workplace. 33 The main essence of the scheme should be made known to the companies, so that students are not assigned to tasks that are not of benefit to his/her career development. 4.4 CONCLUSION The SIWES has positively contributed to my training as a future Electrical/Electronics Engineer. At the SIWES workplace (i.e. ZELO), I was able to reconcile theoretical principles learnt in school with real Electrical/Electronics engineering design practice. I also learnt various software applications relating to my discipline such as AutoCAD, Microsoft EXCEL, Microsoft Word, etc. Furthermore, I received extensive training on electrical design fundamentals which included the following: Development of load and single line diagrams, Design of electrical layout drawings (cable, earthing and lighting layout drawings), Hazardous area classification drawings, Equipment sizing, cable and circuit breaker sizing, preparation of material take- off and bill of quantities, lighting design/calculations, and schematic/interconnection drawings. SIWES gave me the opportunity to learn about good work ethics, good interpersonal and communication skills. 34 REFERENCE www.shell.com.ng/aboutshell/at-a-glance.html Harrison Inspection and Training (Nig) ltd. Electrical Installations and systems. Strathmore University, Attachment Report Guidelines APO-02-03-11/10 Engr. Okoro Emmanuel, Director Zelo Electrical Services. 35 APPENDIX As Built Drawings Power Layout Drawings Lighting Layout Drawings Load Balancing Drawings Load Schematic Diagrams 36
