CoE: CISCO-RVCE IOT
PREDECTIVE,PREVENTATIVE MAINTAINANCE AND MONITORING
SYSTEM FOR HOME OFFICE AND MANUFACTURING FLOORS
INTERNSHIP PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
Name 1 Rohit K Mudhol
USN1 (1RV19EI040)
Name2 Srishti R
USN2 (1RV19EI56)
Name3 Soujanya V Bhat
USN3 (1RV19EI054)
Under the guidance of
Mamatha G S
Associate professor
Dept of information science
RV College of Engineering
Priya D
Assistant professor
Dept of information science
RV College of Engineering
RV COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING®, BENGALURU-59
(Autonomous Institution Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi)
DECLARATION
We, Rohit K Mudhol, Srishti R and Soujanya V Bhat students of 5th semester B.E. Electronics
and Instrumentation engineering, RV College of Engineering, hereby declare that the internship
project titled ‘Predictive, Preventative Maintenance and Monitoring system for
home office and manufacturing floors with dashboard application.’ has been carried out by us
and submitted during the year 2021.
Further we declare that the content of the report has not been submitted previously by anybody for
the award of any degree or diploma to any other university.
We also declare that any Intellectual Property Rights generated out of this internship carried out
at RVCE will be the property of RV College of Engineering, Bengaluru and we will be one of the
authors of the same.
Place: Bengaluru
Date:
Name
1. Rohit K Mudhol (1RV19EI040)
2. Srishti R (1RV19EI56)
3. Soujanya V Bhat (1RV19EI054)
Signature
ABSTRACT:
Using IoT technology for a smart office means that there are many devices in an office
connected to the IoT, which allows remote control of them. These devices work and collect
data without human interaction. With smart technology, offices can be more efficient than
ever before, allowing the automation of menial tasks so that the staff has more time to work
on worthwhile projects. IoT technology allows the measurement and control of temperature,
carbon dioxide (CO2), and humidity. This control enables a building or operations manager
to create the optimum working environment for each employee. The concept of Home
Automation aims to bring the control of operating of everyday home electrical appliances to the
tip of finger, thus giving user affordable lighting solutions, better energy conservation with
optimum use of energy. Apart from just lighting solutions, the concept also further extends to have
a overall control over home security as well as build a centralised home entertainment system and
much more. The Internet of Things (or commonly referred to as IoT) based Home Automation
system, as the name suggests aims to control all the devices of your smart home through internet
protocols or cloud based computing.
INTRODUCTION:
The internet of things, or IoT, is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital
machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers (UIDs) and the
ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer
interaction.
A thing in the internet of things can be a person with a heart monitor implant, a farm animal with
a biochip transponder, an automobile that has built-in sensors to alert the driver when tire pressure
is low or any other natural or man-made object that can be assigned an Internet Protocol (IP)
address and is able to transfer data over a network. Increasingly, organizations in a variety of
industries are using IoT to operate more efficiently, better understand customers to deliver
enhanced customer service, improve decision-making and increase the value of the business.
Working: An IoT ecosystem consists of web-enabled smart devices that use embedded systems,
such as processors, sensors and communication hardware, to collect, send and act on data they
acquire from their environments. IoT devices share the sensor data they collect by connecting to
an IoT gateway or other edge device where data is either sent to the cloud to be analyzed or
analyzed locally. Sometimes, these devices communicate with other related devices and act on the
information they get from one another. The devices do most of the work without human
intervention, although people can interact with the devices -- for instance, to set them up, give
them instructions or access the data. The connectivity, networking and communication protocols
used with these web-enabled devices largely depend on the specific IoT applications deployed.
IoT can also make use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning to aid in making data
collecting processes easier and more dynamic.
Importance: The internet of things helps people live and work smarter, as well as gain complete
control over their lives. In addition to offering smart devices to automate homes, IoT is essential
to business. IoT provides businesses with a real-time look into how their systems really work,
delivering insights into everything from the performance of machines to supply chain and logistics
operations. IoT enables companies to automate processes and reduce labor costs. It also cuts down
on waste and improves service delivery, making it less expensive to manufacture and deliver
goods, as well as offering transparency into customer transactions.
As such, IoT is one of the most important technologies of everyday life, and it will continue to
pick up steam as more businesses realize the potential of connected devices to keep them
competitive.
LITERATURE SURVEY:
Sensors used for the project:
DHT11:
The DHT11 is a commonly used Temperature and humidity sensor that comes with a
dedicated NTC to measure temperature and an 8-bit microcontroller to output the values of
temperature and humidity as serial data.
RAIN SENSOR:
A rain sensor or rain switch is a switching device activated by rainfall. There are two main
applications for rain sensors. The first is a water conservation device connected to an
automatic irrigation system that causes the system to shut down in the event of rainfall. The second
is a device used to protect the interior of an automobile from rain and to support the automatic
mode of windscreen wipers.
ULTRASONIC SENSOR:
An ultrasonic sensor is an instrument that measures the distance to an object using ultrasonic
sound waves. An ultrasonic sensor uses a transducer to send and receive ultrasonic pulses that
relay back information about an object's proximity.
LDR Sensor:
A Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) is also called a photoresistor or a cadmium sulphide (CdS)
cell. It is also called a photoconductor. ... This optoelectronic device is mostly used in light varying
sensor circuit, and light and dark activated switching circuits.
PIR SENSOR:
A passive infrared sensor (PIR sensor) is an electronic sensor that measures infrared (IR) light
radiating from objects in its field of view. They are most often used in PIR-based motion detectors.
PIR sensors are commonly used in security alarms and automatic lighting applications.
RASPBERRY PI:
The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor
or TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a capable little device that enables people of
all ages to explore computing, and to learn how to program in languages like Scratch and Python.
It’s capable of doing everything you’d expect a desktop computer to do, from browsing the internet
and playing high-definition video, to making spreadsheets, word-processing, and playing games.
the Raspberry Pi has the ability to interact with the outside world, and has been used in a wide
array of digital maker projects, from music machines and parent detectors to weather stations and
tweeting birdhouses with infra-red cameras. We want to see the Raspberry Pi being used by kids
all over the world to learn to program and understand how computers work.
Foundation:
The Raspberry Pi Foundation is a registered educational charity (registration number
1129409) based in the UK. Our Foundation’s goal is to advance the education of adults and
children, particularly in the field of computers, computer science and related subjects.
Pin pin
ADVANTAGES


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This microcomputer is useful for small business that run on a lower budget to use their
product or to invent new technology that embeds the product. Small business owners can
use it to automate any small task, i.e.; such as using the Pi to run a website or use it as a
small database and media server.
The product does not require user to have extensive programming experience since it is
aimed for the younger generation to learn about programming. Python, the programming
language i.e.; Pi uses, is a smaller amount complex than other languages available. It has
better code readability and allows the user to type concepts using fewer number of lines.
Python also has a automatic memory management function.
The product gives a lot of room to experiment and turn it into something else i.e.; entirely
different. The SD cards on the board can be easily switched, i.e.; which allows to change
the functions of the device without spending a lot of time re-installing the software.
The Raspberry Pi is perfect for adaptive technology and it is able to display images or play
videos i.e.; at high-definition resolution to building systems such as prototyping embedded
systems. This product makes it possible to build complex and effective at a cheaper price.
The product is efficient and i.e.; provides an ethical alternative to small businesses. This
small card sized product i.e.; makes it easy to recycle and does not release as much carbon
dioxide emissions into the environment, i.e.; unlike big servers that need lots of energy and
extensive cooling systems.
DISADVANTAGES
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It does not replace the computer, and the processor is not as fast. It is a time consuming to
download and install software i.e.; unable to do any complex multitasking.
Not compatible with the other operating systems such as Windows.
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This is fit for those who want a gadget that they can tailor to their own needs and tastes,
i.e.; not for those that just wants to urge a job done fast. Business owners need to consider
the extra hassle if is worth it.
This product not be useful for bigger business that already have big servers, i.e.; which
would already do everything that the Raspberry Pi does. So, it would not be worth and it
take time to get to put it together.
How Does the Raspberry Pi Work?
The SD card inserted into the slot on the board acts as the hard drive for the Raspberry Pi. It is
powered by USB and video output can be hooked up to a i.e.; TV set, a modern monitor, or even
a TV using the HDMI port. This gives all the basic abilities of a normal computer.
APPLICATIONS:

Desktop PC. Using Raspberry Pi, the microSD card, and a power supply, a simple desktop

Wireless print server.

Media Usage.

Game Servers.
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Retro Gaming Machine.

Robot Controller.
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Stop Motion Camera.

Time-lapse Camera Combining.
PIN DIAGRAM OF RASPBERRY PI:
SMART HOME AND OFFICE USING IoT :
PIR for security (Motion detection):
Circuit :
Code:
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time
GPIO.setwarnings(False)
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)
GPIO.setup(11, GPIO.IN)
#Read output from PIR motion sensor
GPIO.setup(3, GPIO.OUT)
#LED output pin
while True:
i=GPIO.input(11)
if i==0:
#When output from motion sensor is LOW
print "No intruders",i
GPIO.output(3, 0) #Turn OFF LED
time.sleep(0.1)
elif i==1:
#When output from motion sensor is HIGH
print "Intruder detected",i
GPIO.output(3, 1) #Turn ON LED
time.sleep(0.1)
Working:
You will notice that this code prints "Intruder detected" when you place your hand over the sensor.
After removing your hand and waiting some time, it prints: "No intruders". In certain PIR motion
sensors, you can even adjust the delay at which the sensor outputs a HIGH signal at the expense
of compromising the accuracy. You just need to turn the two knobs on the sensor counter clockwise
using a screwdriver.
PIR Motion Sensor pin out
PIR motion sensor adjustment knobs
You can also extend the display of your laptop to the Raspberry Pi via a VNC server and a LAN
cable
Rain sensor (Home):
Circuit:
Code:
raindrop sensor DO connected to GPIO18
# HIGH = no rain, LOW = rain detected
# Buzzer on GPIO13
from time import sleep
from gpiozero import Buzzer, InputDevice
buzz = Buzzer(13)
no_rain = InputDevice(18)
def buzz_now(iterations):
for x in range(iterations):
buzz.on()
sleep(0.1)
buzz.off()
sleep(0.1)
while True:
if not no_rain.is_active:
print("It's raining - get the washing in!")
buzz_now(5)
# insert your other code or functions here
# e.g. tweet, SMS, email, take a photo etc.
sleep(1)
Working:
When no raindrops are on the sensor, the sensor controller’s DO (digital out) pin is HIGH (3.3V
in our case). When raindrops are detected this changes to LOW (0V). By connecting DO to a GPIO
port on the Pi (GPIO18) we can read the status and set off the buzzer (on GPIO13) when rain is
detected.
When rain is detected, the buzzer is sounded 5 times in quick succession, followed by a 1s pause.
This will repeat until the raindrops are no longer detected. A message will also be printed out on
the screen each second while raindrops are detected
Ultrasonic for water tank (Home/Office) :
Circuit:
Code:
import
RPi.GPIO
as GPIO
import time
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)
TRIG = 16
ECHO = 18
i=0
GPIO.setup(TRIG,GPIO.OUT)
GPIO.setup(ECHO,GPIO.IN)
GPIO.output(TRIG, False)
print "Calibrating....."
time.sleep(2)
print "Place the object......"
try:
while True:
GPIO.output(TRIG, True)
time.sleep(0.00001)
GPIO.output(TRIG, False)
while GPIO.input(ECHO)==0:
pulse_start = time.time()
while GPIO.input(ECHO)==1:
pulse_end = time.time()
pulse_duration = pulse_end - pulse_start
distance = pulse_duration * 17150
distance = round(distance+1.15, 2)
if distance<=20 and distance>=5:
print "distance:",distance,"cm"
i=1
if distance>20 and i==1:
print "place the object...."
i=0
time.sleep(2)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
GPIO.cleanup()
Working:
A simple project is implemented here, where we have seen how to interface an HC-SR04
Ultrasonic Sensor with Raspberry Pi. The working of the project is already explained in the How
HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor Works section. A simple calculation program is written in Python to
detect the HIGH on Echo Pin and produce an equivalent distance.
DHT-11 sensor: ,Monitoring immediate environment conditions( Home/Office):
Circuit:
Code:
import Adafruit_DHT
# Sensor should be set to Adafruit_DHT.DHT11,
# Adafruit_DHT.DHT22, or Adafruit_DHT.AM2302.
sensor = Adafruit_DHT.DHT11
# Example using a Beaglebone Black with DHT sensor
# connected to pin P8_11.
#pin = 'P8_11'
# Example using a Raspberry Pi with DHT sensor
# connected to GPIO4.
pin = 4
# Try to grab a sensor reading. Use the read_retry method which will retry up
# to 15 times to get a sensor reading (waiting 2 seconds between each retry).
while True:
humidity, temperature = Adafruit_DHT.read_retry(sensor, pin)
print('Temp={0:0.1f}*C Humidity={1:0.1f}%'.format(temperature, humidity))
'''
# Note that sometimes you won't get a reading and
Working:

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DHT11 sensor measures and provides humidity and temperature values serially over a
single wire.
It can measure relative humidity in percentage (20 to 90% RH) and temperature in degree
Celsius in the range of 0 to 50°C.
It has 4 pins; one of which is used for data communication in serial form.
Pulses of different TON and TOFF are decoded as logic 1 or logic 0 or start pulse or end
of a frame.
LDR: Smart lighting (Home/Office):
Circuit:
Code:
from
gpiozero
import
LightSensor
ldr = LightSensor(4)
while True:
print(ldr.value)
Working:
This is code for interfacing LDR in Raspberry Pi. First of all, we have to import the LightSensor
code for LDR from the gpio zero library. Assign GPIO pin to variable LDR and also pass the GPIO
pin number as an argument to the Light Sensor method. While loop print’s value of LDR.
Conclusion:
Safety, security and alarming are the main concerns for the home, offices and manufacturing
floors. In order to monitor, control and safeguard the valuable items and to avoid intrusions we
need to take some shielding measures. This project aims in such simple defensive measure done
using the combination of different sensors and a visualization dashboard and an analysis of data
for further supervision. Apart from this, a mobile and a web application is provided to ensure the
real time data and monitoring of the environment required. The application developed can be
deployed at industrial level on floors to monitor and control devices like furnaces, tankers etc; By
automating decision making and tying production floor data together, the entire manufacturing
process is brought under one umbrella of data and decision making on a huge number of previously
human-controlled operations are automated.
Visibility into shop floor and field operations, Visibility into the manufacturing supply chain and
Visibility into remote and outsourced operations can be enhanced. The following things can be
applied to any environment like Data capture, Production flow, scheduled maintenance, Breakups,
connected equipment’s: quality control, self-coordination which are handled by this application.