Contributions of Medieval Europe to Western Civilization When historians attempt to ascertain the provenance of our modern western culture, inevitably they focus their attention upon the contributions of Renaissance Europe and the Greek and Roman civilizations. This historical focus is often to the exclusion of the contributions made during the Middle Ages. Listed below are six cultural characteristics that emerged in Medieval Europe. Next to the accomplishment, list major underlying causes for these advancements. Rise of Universities and Education Limited Government Explosive Population Growth Christian Unity Increased Agricultural Production Emerging Market Economy